CN105009830B - Tangential and longitudinal axial flow roller butt-joint negative pressure airflow feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a negative pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of cutting and longitudinal flow drums. The cut-flow concave plate sieve assembly and the cut-flow top cover in the device enclose the area for accommodating the cut-flow drum; the two ends of the grid concave plate in the cut-flow concave plate sieve assembly are connected to a fixed arc plate coaxially; the grid The entrance of the concave plate is welded along the tangent of the feeding plate and two supporting arc plates connected to its two ends; between the two fixed arc plates is welded a punched arc-shaped transfer plate connected to the rear end of the grid concave plate; The punched arc-shaped junction plate has a concave structure and is provided with a plurality of through holes; the concave screen baffle is welded at the junction of the punched arc-shaped junction plate and the lower shroud. The invention avoids the problem that the cutting and longitudinal flow threshing and separation device is prone to blockage at the transition point under large feeding amount, and makes the best performances of cutting flow and longitudinal axial flow mechanical transportation and air transportation.

Description

A cutting and longitudinal flow drum butt joint negative pressure airflow feeding device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of drum threshing for a combine harvester and the butt joint of a tangential flow and an axial flow drum, and in particular relates to a negative pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of a tangential flow drum.

Background technique

With the improvement of crop yield, the requirements for threshing and separation performance, operating efficiency and reliability of combine harvesters are getting higher and higher, and it is necessary to develop in the direction of high efficiency, high performance and large feeding amount. Cutting and longitudinal flow combine harvester is an orderly and efficient threshing device that organically combines cutting flow threshing and longitudinal axial flow threshing. It has the advantages of long threshing time, good threshing performance, and good adaptability to wet and difficult crops. There is still a lot of room for optimization in the feeding performance of the tangential flow drum and the conveying performance in the transition section from the tangential flow to the longitudinal axial flow. Blockage is prone to occur at the interface of the drum, and the harvesting reliability is poor. For example, although the cut-flow drum concave plate screen in the patent CN102860182A adopts a combined structure, a smooth cut-flow throwing flat plate is used to reduce the separation area of the grains, and it is easier to cause the grains that have been removed to be transported to the axial flow drum. , the use of a smooth flat plate is easier to increase the unnecessary prolapse from the tangential flow drum into the longitudinal axial flow drum, resulting in the work burden of the longitudinal axial flow drum. At the same time, the guide cover equipped with the screw feeding head device is difficult to disassemble and cannot Changing the gap between crops with different characteristics and the helical blades cannot ensure the best airflow delivery performance. Therefore, in order to solve the problem that the tangential flow threshing separation device is prone to clogging at the transition point under large feed volume, and to maximize the air conveying performance of the tangential flow and longitudinal axial flow, the transition section of the threshing separation device was optimized and designed. A cutting longitudinal flow drum butt joint negative pressure airflow feeding device is proposed.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a butt joint negative pressure airflow feeding device for cutting and longitudinal flow drums, so as to avoid the problem that the cutting and longitudinal flow threshing separation device is prone to blockage at the transition point under large feeding volume, so that the cutting and cutting Flow and vertical axial flow mechanical conveying and air conveying performance are the best.

The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical purpose through the following technical means.

A cutting and longitudinal flow drum docking negative pressure airflow feeding device, comprising a cutting flow threshing and separating device, a conical screw feeding device, a conical shroud assembly and a longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device, the rear of the cutting flow threshing and separating device Connect the conical screw feeding device, the outside of the conical screw feeding device is provided with a conical shroud assembly, and the rear of the conical screw feeding device is coaxially connected with a longitudinal axial flow threshing separation device;

The cutting flow threshing separation device includes a cutting flow concave screen assembly, a cutting flow drum and a cutting flow top cover; the cutting flow concave plate screen assembly and the cutting flow top cover form an area for accommodating the cutting flow drum, and the cutting flow The top cover is located at the upper part, and the cut-flow concave screen assembly is located at the lower part; the cut-flow concave screen assembly includes a supporting arc plate, a feeding plate, a fixed arc plate, a grid concave plate, a punching arc-shaped transfer plate and a concave plate sieve baffle plate; the two ends of the grid concave plate are connected to a fixed arc plate coaxially; the entrance of the grid concave plate is welded with a feeding flat plate and two supporting arc plates along its tangent line, and the Two supporting arc plates are fixed at both ends of the feeding plate; a punched arc-shaped transfer plate connected to the rear end of the grid concave plate is welded between the two fixed arc-shaped plates; the punched arc-shaped transfer plate is concave Structure, that is, the two ends are arc-shaped and vertically raised, and the middle is horizontal; the punched arc-shaped transfer plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the outlet end of the punched arc-shaped transfer plate is connected to the conical guide The shape of the inlet end of the cover assembly matches; the concave screen baffle is welded at the interface between the punched arc-shaped transfer plate and the lower shroud.

Further, the punched arc-shaped junction plate includes a transition area on both sides and a connection area connecting the transition areas on both sides; the shape of the transition area is an arc surface, which is consistent with the arc shape of the fixed arc plate; The connection area is welded to the tail of the grid concave plate along the tangential direction of the grid concave plate, and the shape is an isosceles trapezoid and the length of the lower base is consistent with the axial width of the grid concave plate; the transition area and the rear end of the connection area The shape of the formed outlet end is the same as that of the inlet end of the conical shroud assembly; a plurality of through holes are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the connection area.

Further, the through hole is a rectangular hole, a circular hole or a polygonal hole.

Further, the conical wind deflector assembly includes an upper wind deflector, a deflector plate, a lower wind deflector, a wind deflector cover plate and a fixing plate, and the edge sides of the upper wind deflector and the lower wind deflector are Both are welded with fixing plates, the upper shroud and the lower shroud are detachably connected, and together form an arc-shaped space; the inside of the upper shroud and the lower shroud are equipped with a shroud; A matching wind deflector cover plate is installed at the entrance of the above wind deflector.

Further, the arc height ratio of the upper wind deflector and the lower wind deflector is 1:2; the upper wind deflector and the lower wind deflector are equipped with two deflectors in corresponding positions.

Further, the deflector is an arc plate with a diameter of 675mm-712mm, and the included angle with the axis of the upper deflector and the lower deflector is 80°-86°.

Further, the inner surface of the upper shroud is 40 mm away from the top end of the conical screw feeding device.

Further, the conical screw feeding device includes a helical blade and a conical head; two pieces of the helical blades are welded on the conical head evenly at 180°, and the end of the helical blade with a smaller section is welded to the larger end of the conical head. One end of the spiral blade with a larger section is welded to the smaller end of the conical head.

Further, the material of the spiral blade is heat-treated high-quality carbon steel.

Further, the longitudinal axial flow threshing and separation device includes a longitudinal axial flow top cover, a longitudinal axial flow drum and a longitudinal axial flow concave screen, and the longitudinal axial flow drum is located between the longitudinal axial flow top cover and the longitudinal axial flow concave screen Between, the vertical axial flow top cover is located at the upper part, and the vertical axial flow concave plate screen is located at the lower part.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

In the butt joint negative pressure airflow feeding device of the cutting longitudinal flow drum according to the present invention, by setting the punching arc-shaped transfer plate as a concave structure with circular arcs at both ends and a horizontal shape in the middle, the edge area of the screw feeding device The air volume is small, and the air volume in the central area is large. This setting is conducive to making it easier for the materials in the cutting flow drum to be thrown to the central area of the screw feeding head, and to promote the transportation of materials; A number of through holes are provided to make full use of the existing space, increase the grain separation area, and improve the separation capacity. In addition, it can also prevent unnecessary prolapses from entering the longitudinal axial flow drum, thereby increasing the working load of the vertical axial flow drum; The inner surface of the shroud and the helical blade are set at a proper distance, such as 40mm, which can not only meet the large feeding amount but also ensure the ability of the helical blade to grab the material, and at the same time make the aerodynamic performance of the helical blade the best; The cover is a detachable installation method. When the screw feeding head device is blocked when the drum is harvested, it can be easily disassembled, and the blocked material straw can be easily removed. At the same time, the wear of the spiral blade can be checked; by adding The guide plate speeds up the axial movement speed of the material, so that the mechanical rotation and transportation performance of the screw blade is better; when the conical screw feeding device rotates at a high speed, a closed feeding space is formed in the conical guide hood, and at the same time Strong negative pressure air flow; the cutting flow gravure screen is combined with the conical shroud, the material is directly thrown between the cutting flow drum and the cutting flow concave plate screen to realize the initial separation and separation, and then directly thrown into the transition feeding device. The conveying resistance is small, and there will be no feeding dead angle, which ensures the continuity and uniformity of the crop flow, and realizes the smooth and smooth transition of the crop.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the negative pressure airflow feeding device connected with the tangential flow roller of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the negative pressure airflow feeding device connected with the tangential flow roller of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transitional feeding interface.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cutting flow concave plate sieve.

Figure 5 is a top view of the punched arc-shaped transfer plate.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the conical spiral transition feeding device.

Figure 7 is a front view of the conical shroud assembly.

The reference signs are explained as follows:

1-Body; 2-Cutting flow concave screen assembly; 3-Cutting flow drum; 4-Cutting flow top cover; 5-Conical screw feeding device; 6-Conical shroud assembly; Cover; 8-longitudinal axial flow drum; 9-longitudinal axial flow concave plate screen; 201-supporting arc plate; 202-feeding plate; 203-fixed arc plate; 204-grid concave plate; 205-punching arc transfer Plate; 206-concave sieve baffle; 501-spiral blade; 502-conical head; 601-upper deflector; 602-deflector; - fixed plate; 205-1 - transition area; 205-2 - connection area;

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a negative pressure airflow feeding device connected with a tangential flow drum includes a tangential flow threshing separation device, a conical screw feeding device 5, a conical shroud assembly 6 and a longitudinal axial flow threshing device. Separation device, the conical screw feeding device 5 is connected to the rear of the cutting flow threshing separation device, the conical screw feeding device 5 is provided with a conical shroud assembly 6, and the conical screw feeding device 5 is connected behind The coaxial line is connected with a longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device. The cutting flow threshing separation device comprises a cutting flow concave plate sieve assembly 2, a cutting flow drum 3 and a cutting flow top cover 4; In the region, the cut-flow roof 4 is located at the upper part, and the cut-flow concave screen assembly 2 is located at the lower part. The longitudinal axial flow threshing and separation device comprises a longitudinal axial flow top cover 7, a longitudinal axial flow drum 8 and a longitudinal axial flow concave screen 9, and the longitudinal axial flow drum 8 is positioned between the longitudinal axial flow top cover 7 and the longitudinal axial flow concave plate Between the sieves 9, the longitudinal axial flow top cover 7 is located at the upper part, and the longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve 9 is located at the lower part.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the cut-flow concave plate screen assembly 2 includes a supporting arc plate 201, a feeding plate 202, a fixed arc plate 203, a grid concave plate 204, a punching arc-shaped transfer plate 205 and a concave plate Sieve baffle plate 206; the two ends of the grid concave plate 204 are fixedly connected to the fixed arc plate 203 on the coaxial line respectively; the entrance of the grid concave plate 204 is welded with a feeding flat plate 202 and respectively connected with the feeding flat plate along its tangent line. Two supporting arc plates 201 connected at both ends of 202, the supporting arc plates 201 are fixed on the frame 1; a punching arc connected to the rear end of the grid concave plate 204 is welded between the two fixed arc plates 203 shaped transfer plate 205; the punched arc-shaped transfer plate 205 is a concave structure, that is, the two ends are arc-shaped and vertically elevated, and the middle is horizontal; because the air volume at each point of the screw feeding device 5 air inlets is not uniform According to the test, the air intake in the edge area of the screw feeding device 5 is small, and the air intake in the central area is large, so this structure is conducive to the material in the cutting flow drum being more easily thrown to the central area of the screw feeding head, which is more conducive to the material delivery. The concave sieve baffle plate 206 is welded at the interface between the punched arc-shaped interface plate 205 and the lower shroud 603, so as to seal the interface and prevent the grains from falling.

As shown in Figure 5, the punched arc-shaped junction plate 205 is composed of transition areas 205-1 on both sides and a connection area 205-2 connecting the transition areas 205-1 on both sides; the shape of the transition area 205-1 It is an arc surface, and is consistent with the arc shape of the grid concave plate 204 and the fixed arc plate 203; the connecting area 205-2 is welded to the tail of the grid concave plate 204 along the tangential direction of the grid concave plate 204, and the shape is Isosceles trapezoidal and the length of the lower base is consistent with the axial width of the grid concave plate 4; The ends have the same shape; the middle of the connection area 205-2 is symmetrically provided with several through holes, the length direction of the range of the through holes is 340mm, and the width direction is slightly shorter than the width of the connection area 205-1; the through holes can be rectangular holes, round holes or polygonal holes; by adding punching holes, the existing space can be fully utilized, the grain separation area can be increased, and the separation capacity can be improved. In addition, unnecessary prolapse can be reduced from entering the vertical axial flow drum, resulting in an increase in the vertical axial flow drum. Working load; wherein, the connection area 205-2 is a steel plate of 4 mm, and the length of the lower base is consistent with the axial width of the grid concave plate, and the length of the upper base is approximately 360 mm. The distance between the two ends of the supporting arc plate 201 and the grid concave plate 204 is 125 mm.

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the conical screw feeding device 5 includes a helical blade 501 and a conical head 502; two helical blades 501 are uniformly welded on the conical head 502 at 180°, and the helical The small end of the blade 501 is welded to the large end of the conical head 502 , and the large end of the helical blade 501 is welded to the small end of the conical head 502 .

The conical wind deflector assembly 6 includes an upper wind deflector 601, a deflector plate 602, a lower wind deflector 603, a wind deflector cover plate 604 and a fixing plate 605, and the upper deflector 601 edge sides are welded with The fixed plate 605, the fixed plate 605 and the lower shroud 603 are connected by detachable bolts, and together form an arc-shaped space, the detachable upper shroud 601 can be used according to the material characteristics of the crops, conveniently Install the upper shroud with different sizes of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the conical truncated cone, so as to change the gap between the spiral blade 501 and the inner surface of the upper shroud 601, so that the airflow conveying of materials with different characteristics can be better; in addition, the installation is easy to disassemble The upper shroud 601 can be easily disassembled when the screw feeding head device 5 is blocked when the drum is harvested. The arc height ratio of the upper shroud 601 and the lower shroud 603 is 1:2; the upper shroud 601 and the lower shroud 603 are equipped with two deflectors 602, and are located on the upper shroud. The corresponding flow deflectors 602 in the flow deflector 601 and the lower flow deflector 603 cooperate with each other. After the upper flow deflector 601 and the lower flow deflector 603 are connected, the corresponding flow deflectors 602 are seamlessly connected; the flow deflectors 602 It is a circular arc plate with a diameter of 675mm-712mm, and the included angle with the axis of the upper shroud 601 and the lower shroud 603 is 80°-86°. By adding the shroud 602 to speed up the axial movement speed of the material, the spiral The mechanical rotation and transportation performance of the blade 501 is better. The conical screw feeding device 5 cooperates with the conical shroud assembly 6, when the conical screw feeding device 5 rotates at high speed, a closed feeding space is formed in the conical shroud 6, and a strong Negative airflow.

The wind deflector cover plate 604 is located at the entrance of the upper wind deflector 601, and is matched with the entrance of the upper wind deflector 601, and the inner surface of the upper wind deflector 601 is 40 mm away from the spiral blade 501, which can satisfy In the case of a large feeding amount, the ability of the screw blade 501 to grasp the material is guaranteed, and the aerodynamic performance of the screw blade 501 can be maximized. The material of the screw blade 501 is high-quality carbon steel that has been heat-treated to improve wear resistance properties, increasing its hardness.

work process:

When the combine harvester is in production, the material is first transported to the cutting flow drum 3 by the conveying trough, and firstly threshed and separated by the grid concave plate 204 in the cutting flow concave plate screen assembly 2, which is responsible for completing more than 70% of the threshing tasks; Since the punching arc-shaped transfer plate 205 adopts a concave structure with arc-shaped ends and a horizontal middle, relative to the axial position of the cutting-flow drum 3, the material is more easily thrown from the middle area of the cutting-flow drum 3 to the longitudinal axial flow. The feeding port of drum 8. In addition, several through holes are arranged symmetrically in the middle of the connection area 205-2 of the punching arc-shaped transfer plate 205, which can make full use of the existing space, increase the separation area of the grains, improve the separation ability, and avoid unnecessary prolapse Entering the vertical axial flow drum 8, on the contrary increases the working load of the vertical axial flow drum 8. The inner surface of the upper shroud 601 and the spiral blade 501 are set at a suitable distance, such as 40 mm apart, and the deflector 602 is set in the upper shroud 601 and the lower shroud 603 to accelerate the axial movement speed of the material, so that the spiral The mechanical rotation and transportation performance of the blade 501 is better; when the longitudinal axial flow rotates at high speed, it can generate the suction airflow with the same effect as the axial flow pump, which ensures the mechanical grasping ability of the spiral blade 501 and cooperates with the strong negative pressure airflow to ensure It ensures the continuity and uniformity of crop flow, and realizes the smooth and smooth transition of crops.

The described embodiment is a preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation, without departing from the essence of the present invention, any obvious improvement, replacement or modification that those skilled in the art can make Modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tangential flow drum docking negative pressure airflow feeding device is characterized in that it comprises a tangential flow threshing separation device, a conical screw feeding device (5), a conical shroud assembly (6) and a longitudinal axial flow A threshing and separating device, the conical screw feeding device (5) is connected to the rear of the cutting flow threshing and separating device, and the conical screw feeding device (5) is provided with a conical shroud assembly (6), and the conical The rear of the shaped screw feeding device (5) is coaxially connected with a longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device; The cutting flow threshing separation device comprises a cutting flow concave plate sieve assembly (2), a cutting flow drum (3) and a cutting flow top cover (4); the cutting flow concave plate sieve assembly (2) and a cutting flow top cover ( 4) Enclosing an area to accommodate the cutting flow drum (3), the cutting flow top cover (4) is located at the upper part, and the cutting flow concave plate sieve assembly (2) is located at the lower part; the cutting flow concave plate sieve assembly (2) ) includes a support arc plate (201), a feeding plate (202), a fixed arc plate (203), a grid concave plate (204), a punching arc transition plate (205) and a concave screen baffle plate (206); The two ends of the grid concave plate (204) are respectively coaxially connected with a fixed arc plate (203); the entrance of the grid concave plate (204) is welded with a feeding plate (202) and two A support arc plate (201), the two support arc plates (201) are fixed on the two ends of the feeding flat plate (202); between the two fixed arc plates (203) are welded with a grid concave plate (204) The punched arc-shaped transfer plate (205) connected to the rear end; the punched arc-shaped transfer plate (205) is a concave structure, that is, the two ends are arc-shaped and vertically raised, and the middle is horizontal; the punched hole A plurality of through holes are arranged on the arc-shaped transfer plate (205), and the outlet end of the punched arc-shaped transfer plate (205) matches the shape of the inlet end of the conical shroud assembly (6); the concave plate screen The baffle plate (206) is welded at the interface between the punched arc-shaped transfer plate (205) and the lower shroud (603). 2. The negative-pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of cutting and longitudinal flow drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, the punched arc-shaped transfer plate (205) includes transition areas (205-1) on both sides and the connection area (205-2) connecting the transition areas (205-1) on both sides; the shape of the transition area (205-1) is an arc surface, and is consistent with the arc shape of the fixed arc plate (203); The connection area (205-2) is welded to the tail of the grid concave plate (204) along the tangential direction of the grid concave plate (204), and the shape is an isosceles trapezoid and the length of the lower base is the same as that of the grid concave plate (204). The axial width is consistent; the shape of the outlet end formed by the transition area (205-1) and the rear end of the connection area (205-2) is the same as the shape of the inlet end of the conical shroud assembly (6); the connection area (205 -2) The middle position is symmetrically provided with a plurality of through holes. 3 . The negative pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of cutting and longitudinal flow rollers according to claim 2 , wherein the through holes are rectangular holes, round holes or polygonal holes. 4 . 4. The negative-pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of vertical cutting flow drum according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, the conical flow guide assembly (6) comprises an upper flow guide cover (601), a guide The flow plate (602), the lower flow deflector (603), the flow deflector cover (604) and the fixing plate (605), the edge sides of the upper flow deflector (601) and the lower flow deflector (603) Both are welded with a fixing plate (605), the upper shroud (601) and the lower shroud (603) are detachably connected, and together form an arc-shaped space; the upper shroud (601) and the lower shroud A deflector ( 602 ) is arranged inside the wind deflector ( 603 ); a matching wind deflector cover ( 604 ) is installed at the entrance of the upper wind deflector ( 601 ). 5. A negative pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of cutting and longitudinal flow drums according to claim 4, characterized in that, the arc height ratio of the upper shroud (601) and the lower shroud (603) is 1:2; the upper wind deflector (601) and the lower wind deflector (603) are equipped with two deflectors (602) in corresponding positions. 6. The negative pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of cutting and longitudinal flow rollers according to claim 5, characterized in that, the deflector (602) is an arc plate with a diameter of 675mm-712mm, and is connected with the upper deflector The included angle between the axis of the cover (601) and the lower shroud (603) is 80°-86°. 7. The negative-pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of cutting and longitudinal flow drums according to claim 6, characterized in that, the inner surface of the upper shroud (601) is in contact with the conical screw feeding device (5) The tops are 40mm apart. 8. The negative pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of tangential flow drum according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, the conical screw feeding device (5) comprises a helical blade (501) and a conical head (502); the two spiral blades (501) are 180° uniformly welded on the conical head (502), and the small end of the spiral blade (501) section is welded on the large end of the conical head (502), One end with a large section of the helical blade (501) is welded to the small end of the conical head (502). 9 . The negative pressure airflow feeding device for butt jointing of cutting vertical flow drum according to claim 8 , characterized in that, the material of the spiral blade ( 501 ) is heat-treated high-quality carbon steel. 10. According to claim 1 or 7, a cutting longitudinal flow drum docking negative pressure airflow feeding device is characterized in that, the longitudinal axial flow threshing separation device comprises a longitudinal axial flow top cover (7), a longitudinal axial flow The drum (8) and the longitudinal axial flow concave screen (9), the longitudinal axial flow drum (8) is located between the longitudinal axial flow top cover (7) and the longitudinal axial flow concave screen (9), the vertical axial flow top The cover (7) is located at the upper part, and the vertical axial flow concave screen (9) is located at the lower part.