CN106211942A - A kind of longitudinal axial flow threshing and cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a longitudinal axial flow threshing and cleaning device, which comprises a casing, in which a longitudinal axial flow type threshing drum, an upper concave sieve, a lower concave sieve and a cleaning sieve are arranged, and the upper concave sieve is arranged on Above the threshing drum, the lower concave screen is set under the threshing drum. The upper concave screen and the lower concave screen surround the threshing drum radially. The two ends of the lower concave screen are connected to the casing. There are feed inlets and straw outlets at the opposite ends of the plate sieve and the lower concave plate sieve, a suction device is connected above the upper concave plate sieve, and a cleaning screen is installed under the lower concave plate sieve. The present invention reduces the load of the threshing cylinder and the cleaning sieve by arranging the upper concave screen and the suction device above the threshing cylinder, and is more suitable for the threshing and cleaning operation of crops containing more light and small materials in the extract.

Description

A vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of crop harvesting, in particular to a vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device.

Background technique

The threshing and cleaning device is an important working part of the combine harvester, which is used to separate the grains of the fed crops from the ears or stalks of the crops, and separate and clean the straw, chaff and other miscellaneous materials, so as to obtain grain. Millet, oats, sorghum and other crops have small grains, small differences in the size and suspension characteristics of glumes and grains, high moisture content in stems and leaves during harvest, and are easily broken in the threshing drum. It is also difficult to separate from light and small impurities. Existing disclosed threshing and cleaning devices, such as the "threshing and cleaning device for longitudinal axial flow combine harvesters" disclosed in Chinese utility model patent ZL201520737119.7 and "a millet combine harvester and Its threshing and cleaning device and threshing and cleaning system", light and small materials such as chaff, awn, short broken stems and other light and small materials formed during the threshing process of the crops, together with the grains, pass through the lower concave plate sieve and fall on the cleaning sieve. When the input amount is large, there will be more light and small materials formed, and the cleaning load will be larger, which will easily cause high impurity content of the grains below the lower concave plate sieve, and even cause the screen surface of the lower concave plate sieve to be blocked and the cleaning sieve to fail to work. Condition.

The cleaning device in the prior art often uses a vibrating screen to cooperate with a cleaning fan to achieve the purpose of cleaning. However, it is difficult to discharge the short broken stems passing through the lower concave plate sieve. If the vibrating screen is accumulated and blocked for a long time, it will also Part of it passes through the sieve holes, resulting in incomplete cleaning and poor cleaning effect; there is also a cylindrical sieve used in conjunction with the cleaning fan, which guides all the grains and chaff that have passed through the lower concave plate sieve into the cylinder. Right above the sieve, the cleaning fan blows horizontally. This structure has a large cleaning load, and it is also difficult to discharge the short broken stems that pass through the lower concave plate sieve.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a longitudinal axial flow threshing and cleaning device, which is equipped with a suction device above the drum, which solves the problems of large cleaning load and easy blockage of the lower concave screen in the prior art. question.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a longitudinal axial flow threshing and cleaning device, including a casing in which a longitudinal axial flow threshing drum, an upper concave screen, and a lower concave screen are arranged. And the cleaning screen, the upper concave screen is set above the threshing drum, the lower concave screen is set under the threshing drum, the upper concave screen and the lower concave screen surround the threshing drum radially, and the two ends of the lower concave screen are connected On the casing, there are feed inlets and straw outlets on the casing corresponding to the two ends of the upper concave sieve and the lower concave sieve, a suction device is connected above the upper concave sieve, and a cleaning device is installed under the lower concave sieve. Screening.

Further, the threshing drum includes a feeding cone section, a cylinder section and a cylinder shaft, and a spiral feeding blade is arranged on the conical surface of the feeding cone section, and the end of the feeding blade extends to the cylinder section, and the surface of the cylinder section is self-feeding. Multiple threshing elements are set from the end of the feeding blade. The drum shaft runs through the feeding cone section and the drum body along the central axis of the drum body, and the three are connected in one body. The two ends of the drum shaft are connected to the drum support, and the drum shaft is far away from the feeding cone segment. One end of the drum is also connected with a roller driving mechanism.

Further, the upper concave screen and the lower concave screen are connected by bolts.

Further, the suction device includes a suction duct and a suction fan, and the suction duct communicates with the interior of the casing (as long as the connection between the suction duct and the interior of the casing is within the projected area above the vertical direction of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum That is), the blades of the suction fan are arranged in the suction duct, the two ends of the suction fan shaft are rotationally connected with the suction duct, and one end of the suction fan shaft passes through the suction duct and is connected to the suction fan driving mechanism.

Further, the cleaning screen is two cylindrical sieves, the first cylindrical sieve and the second cylindrical sieve are arranged under the lower concave plate sieve, on both sides of the central axis of the threshing drum, and the casing is close to the first cylindrical sieve. One side of the screen is connected with a cleaning fan. The air outlet of the cleaning fan is located under the first cylindrical screen. The angle between the air outlet direction of the cleaning fan and the horizontal plane is 10°-30°. The chaff outlet is provided on the opposite side (the chaff outlet is consistent with the air outlet of the cleaning fan, which is more convenient for the chaff to be discharged), and the bottom of the casing is provided with a grain outlet, which is located below the cleaning sieve.

Further, a grain collecting auger is also provided between the grain outlet and the cleaning screen, grain collecting plates are arranged on both sides of the grain collecting auger, and the grain collecting plate is integrally connected with the casing (the grain collecting auger will pass through The grains that pass through the cleaning screen and are collected by the grain collection plate are pushed to one end of the auger to facilitate collection and transportation).

Beneficial effects: the threshing and cleaning device of the present invention can realize the threshing, separation and cleaning operations of crops with small grain size, easy to mix with chaff, high moisture content of stems and leaves during harvest, and fragile crops; it is arranged on the upper part of the threshing drum The upper concave screen and the suction device make some light and small materials pass through the upper and lower concave screens as soon as possible under the suction of the suction device and are discharged from the suction channel on the upper part of the threshing drum, thereby reducing the strain on the threshing drum and the cleaning screen. It is more suitable for threshing and cleaning operations of crops with more light and small materials in the extrudate; the drum screen-fan cleaning device has strong adaptability to wet materials, and the vertical double drum screen-fan cleaning device is used The selection system cooperates with the vertical axial flow threshing drum, which can separate the grains passing through the lower concave plate sieve from the sundries not sucked out by the suction device, and at the same time prevent these wet light sundries from adhering to the cleaning screen surface and causing Screen holes are clogged.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation A of the present invention, wherein the frame is not shown;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram B of the present invention, wherein the frame and the cleaning fan are not shown;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of threshing cylinder of the present invention;

Marks in the figure: 1, casing, 101, feeding inlet, 102, straw outlet, 103, chaff outlet, 104, grain collecting plate, 105, material guide plate, 2, threshing drum, 201, feeding cone section, 202 , cylinder body, 203, drum shaft, 204, feeding blade, 205, threshing element, 206, drum support, 207, drum driving mechanism, 3, upper concave screen, 4, lower concave screen, 5, cleaning Sieve, 501, first cylindrical sieve, 502, second cylindrical sieve, 6, suction device, 601, suction duct, 602, suction fan, 603, suction fan driving mechanism, 7, cleaning fan, 8, Kernel collection auger.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Referring to Figures 1-3, a vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device includes a casing 1, which is provided with a vertical axial flow threshing drum 2, an upper concave screen 3, a lower concave screen 4 and a cleaning device. Sieve 5, the threshing cylinder 2 includes a feeding cone section 201, a cylinder body section 202 and a cylinder shaft 203, and a spiral feeding blade 204 is arranged on the conical surface of the feeding cone section 201, and the end of the feeding blade 204 extends to the cylinder In the front section of the body section 202, a plurality of threshing elements 205 are arranged on the outer surface (peripheral surface) of the barrel section 202 from the end of the feeding blade 204. is fixed) distribution, the threshing elements 205 on each helical line are evenly distributed, the drum shaft 203 runs through the feeding cone segment 201 and the drum body segment 202 along the central axis of the drum body 202 and the three are integrally connected, and the two ends of the drum shaft 203 rotate Connected with a drum support 206, the drum support 206 includes a support bearing, the inner ring of the support bearing is fixedly connected with the drum shaft 203, the outer ring of the support bearing is fixed on the frame of the harvester, and the drum shaft 203 is far away from the feeding cone section 201 One end is also connected with a drum drive mechanism 207, the upper concave screen 3 is set above the threshing drum 2, the lower concave screen 4 is set under the threshing drum 2, the upper concave screen 3 and the lower concave screen 4 adopt grid concave plates , the upper concave screen 3 and the lower concave screen 4 are connected by bolts and surround the threshing drum 2 radially, leaving only the front and rear ends as passages for the material to enter and the long stalks formed after threshing to be discharged. The two ends of the concave screen 4 are connected to the casing 1, and the casing 1 is provided with a feed inlet 101 and a straw outlet 102 corresponding to the two ends of the upper concave screen 3 and the lower concave screen 4. A suction device 6 is connected above, and the suction device 6 includes a suction duct 601 and a suction fan 602 arranged in a horizontal axial flow type. The suction duct 601 communicates with the inside of the casing 1, and the blades of the suction fan 602 are arranged In the pipeline 601, the two ends of the rotating shaft of the suction fan 602 are rotationally connected with the suction pipe 601, and one end of the rotating shaft of the suction fan 602 passes through the suction pipe 601 and is connected to the driving mechanism 603 of the suction fan, and a cleaning screen is arranged below the lower concave screen 4 5 and guide the material passing through the upper and lower concave screens to the cleaning sieve through the material guide plate 105. The cleaning sieve 5 is two cylindrical sieves, and the first cylindrical sieve 501 and the second cylindrical sieve 501 are respectively arranged at the bottom Below the concave screen 4, on both sides of the central axis of the threshing drum 2, the central axes of the first cylindrical screen 501 and the second cylindrical screen 502 are parallel to the central axis of the threshing drum 2, and the diameter of the first cylindrical screen 501 is larger than that of the second circular screen. The diameter of the drum screen 502, the upper edge of the first drum screen 501 is higher than the upper edge of the second drum screen 502, and the side of the casing 1 close to the first drum screen 501 is connected with a cleaning fan 7. The air outlet of the fan 7 is located below the first cylinder sieve 501, the air outlet of the cleaning fan 7 is located directly below the first cylinder sieve 501, and the angle between the air outlet direction of the cleaning fan 7 and the horizontal plane is 10°-30°, so as to facilitate After the light and small sundries passing through the cylinder sieve are separated from the grains, they are discharged from the chaff outlet, and the machine casing 1 is discharged from the cleaning fan 7. The chaff outlet 103 is provided on the opposite side of the tuyere, the bottom of the casing 1 is provided with a grain outlet, and the grain outlet is located below the cleaning sieve 5, and a grain collecting auger 8 is also provided between the grain outlet and the cleaning sieve 5 The two sides of the grain collection auger 8 are provided with a grain collection plate 104, the grain collection plate 104 is integrally connected with the casing 1, and the angle between the grain collection plate 104 and the horizontal plane is 30°-60°.

When the above-mentioned threshing and cleaning device is working, the crops are fed through the feeding port 101, and the threshing is completed under the joint action of the threshing drum 2, the upper concave screen 3, and the lower concave screen 4, and the straw is discharged from the straw outlet 102, and comes out Grains and formed chaff, awns, short broken stems and other light and small materials are thrown out from the sieve holes of the upper concave sieve 3 or the lower concave sieve 4, and part of the chaff, broken stems, and broken leaves Light and small debris are discharged under the suction of the cross-flow suction fan 602 of the suction device 6, which reduces the load on the cleaning screen 5 at the lower part of the drum, and the remaining chaff, short broken stems and other materials and grains fall into the cleaning screen below. Screening 5, entering the cleaning process, driven by the cylindrical sieve (including the first cylindrical sieve and the second cylindrical sieve), under the action of throwing and blowing by the cleaning fan 7, the size is small and the suspension speed is large The grains pass through the cylindrical sieve, are collected by the grain collecting plate 104 and fall into the grain collecting auger 8, the chaff and broken leaves with a small suspension velocity are discharged from the chaff outlet 103 with the air flow, and the broken stems with a large size The stalk cannot pass through the cylindrical sieve, and obtains a larger moving speed along with the sieve surface, and is thrown out of the chaff outlet 103.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only to illustrate the embodiment of the present invention, can not be interpreted as the limitation of the present invention, as upper concave screen 3 and lower concave screen 4 adopt grid concave plate, but other forms such as weaving concave plate, hole type concave plate etc. should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device, including a casing (1), characterized in that: the casing (1) is equipped with a vertical axial flow threshing drum (2), an upper concave screen (3), The lower concave sieve (4) and cleaning sieve (5), the upper concave sieve (3) is set above the threshing drum (2), the lower concave sieve (4) is set under the threshing drum (2), the upper concave sieve The sieve (3) and the lower concave plate sieve (4) surround the threshing cylinder (2) radially, and the two ends of the lower concave plate sieve (4) are connected to the casing (1), and the upper and upper concave sieves of the casing (1) A feeding inlet (101) and a straw outlet (102) are provided at the two ends of the plate sieve (3) and the lower concave plate sieve (4), and a suction device (6) is connected above the upper concave plate sieve (3). A cleaning screen (5) is provided below the concave screen (4). 2. A vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the threshing drum (2) includes a feeding cone section (201), a barrel section (202) and a drum shaft (203) , the conical surface of the feeding cone section (201) is provided with a spiral feeding vane (204), the end of the feeding vane (204) extends to the barrel section (202), and the surface of the barrel section (202) is self-feeding from the feeding vane ( 204) Set multiple threshing elements (205) from the end, the drum shaft (203) runs through the feeding cone segment (201) and the drum body (202) along the central axis of the drum body (202) and the three are connected in one piece, the drum shaft (203 ) is rotatably connected to a roller support (206), and the end of the roller shaft (203) away from the feeding cone (201) is also connected to a roller driving mechanism (207). 3. A vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper concave screen (3) and the lower concave screen (4) are connected by bolts. 4. A vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the suction device (6) includes a suction duct (601) and a suction fan (602), and the suction duct (601 ) communicates with the inside of the casing (1), the blades of the suction fan (602) are arranged in the suction duct (601), and the two ends of the rotation shaft of the suction fan (602) are rotationally connected with the suction duct (601), and the suction fan (602 ) one end of the rotating shaft passes through the suction duct (601) and is connected to the suction fan driving mechanism (603). 5. A vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said cleaning screen (5) is two cylindrical screens, the first cylindrical screen (501) and the second The cylindrical sieve (501) is located under the lower concave screen (4) and on both sides of the central axis of the threshing drum (2), and the side of the casing (1) close to the first cylindrical sieve (501) is connected with a cleaning fan (7), the air outlet of the cleaning fan (7) is located below the first cylinder sieve (501), the angle between the air outlet direction of the cleaning fan (7) and the horizontal plane is 10°-30°, and the top of the casing (1) A chaff outlet (103) is provided on the side opposite to the air outlet of the cleaning fan (7), and a grain outlet is provided at the bottom of the casing (1), and the grain outlet is located below the cleaning screen (5). 6. A vertical axial flow threshing and cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: a grain collection auger (8) is provided between the grain outlet and the cleaning screen (5), and the grain collection auger Grain collecting plates (104) are arranged on both sides of the dragon (8), and the grain collecting plates (104) are integrally connected with the casing (1).