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CN104961291B - Ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO - Google Patents

Ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104961291B
CN104961291B CN201510295439.6A CN201510295439A CN104961291B CN 104961291 B CN104961291 B CN 104961291B CN 201510295439 A CN201510295439 A CN 201510295439A CN 104961291 B CN104961291 B CN 104961291B
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sewage
ecological
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vertical multistage
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CN104961291A (en
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唐宏军
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Tang Hongjun
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FUJIAN GUANGHUILONG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO, which is characterized in that: the sewage is sequentially discharged through a standard discharge port by the treatment of a coarse grid, a lifting pump room, a fine grid, a grit chamber, a vertical multistage AO ecological pool, a filter cloth filter tank and an ultraviolet disinfection canal; the sludge generated by the fine grid, the grit chamber, the vertical multistage AO ecological pool and the standard discharge port is transferred to a sludge storage pool and is treated by a dewatering machine room to be transported outwards. The treatment system has the advantages of small sludge amount (20-25 years of sludge discharge time), no odor, thorough removal of organic matters, and addition of carbon sources required by denitrification due to the carbon sources generated in the sludge stabilization process, so that the additional carbon sources are reduced; the effluent can stably reach the first-level A or first-level B standard, and an ecological landscape park can be created; the method also has the advantages of saving construction investment and short construction period, and can be used for 4-6 months of construction by utilizing waste or existing pits, ponds, ditches and sloping fields.

Description

Ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sewage treatment tank, in particular to a vertical multistage AO ecological sewage treatment system.
Background
The main structure of the vertical multistage AO ecological sewage treatment tank is a water tank with the water depth of more than 6 meters. The main body is formed by vertically superposing a sludge stabilizing and storing area, an anaerobic layer, an anoxic layer, an aerobic area, a plant planting area and the like (from bottom to top). Is an artificial ecological system composed of living things (such as bacteria, algae, protozoa, metazoan, aquatic plants, and higher aquatic animals) and non-living things (such as light, wind, temperature, organic matter, pH value, dissolved oxygen, N and P nutrient elements, etc.).
The top of each partition zone of the pretreatment zone of the existing vertical multistage AO ecological sewage treatment pool is of an open structure, sewage flowing upwards from the bottom can flow to an aerobic zone directly from an anoxic layer, the residence time of the sewage in the anaerobic layer and the anoxic layer is relatively short, the anaerobic degradation of the sewage in the anaerobic layer and the denitrification reaction time in the anoxic layer are short, if the sewage inflow flow is large, incomplete reaction is easy to occur, and the sewage treatment effect is further affected. For this reason, the inflow of the sewage pretreatment area of the existing vertical multistage AO ecological sewage treatment tank needs to be limited or the depth of the water inlet needs to be greatly increased, and the sewage treatment capacity of the sewage treatment tank is limited or the construction cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO, which aims to solve the problems of limited sewage treatment capacity or higher construction cost of the existing sewage treatment pool.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the sewage is sequentially discharged through a standard discharge port by the treatment of a coarse grid, a lifting pump room, a fine grid, a grit chamber, a vertical multistage AO ecological pond, a filter cloth filter pond and an ultraviolet disinfection canal; the sludge generated by the fine grid, the grit chamber, the vertical multistage AO ecological pool and the standard discharge port is transferred to a sludge storage pool and is treated by a dewatering machine room to be transported outwards; the vertical multistage AO ecological pool comprises a pretreatment area and a deep treatment area, wherein the pretreatment area is formed by sequentially overlapping a sludge layer, an anaerobic layer, an anoxic layer and an aerobic layer from bottom to top, a plurality of partition areas are formed in the pretreatment area by separating criss-cross partition boards, and the top ends of the partition boards are positioned at the junction of the aerobic layer and the anoxic layer; the top cover of each partition is provided with a ballasting plate, and each ballasting plate is provided with at least one through hole.
Further:
each through hole is in a taper hole shape with a large upper part and a small lower part. The arrangement on the through hole is preferably two of the following: the upper cone-shaped body is connected with the lower cone-shaped body through a through hole, and the through holes are respectively provided with a through hole; the guide body can be a hollow structure, aerobic filler and/or anoxic filler are/is assembled in the guide body, and an aeration pipeline for connecting the air supply pipeline is also assembled in the guide body to form the aeration structure. Further, the lower cone wall and/or the through hole wall of the flow guide body are/is provided with spiral bulges or spiral grooves. Secondly, an aeration device which is conventional in the prior art is arranged above each through hole, and the aeration device is assembled on the ballasting plate; the aeration device comprises a main box body with an open top, wherein a plurality of through overflow holes are distributed at the bottom of the main box body, at least one air inlet pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the main box body, the inner end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the main box body, and the outer end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with an air supply pipeline; the inner end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a plurality of air supply holes which are linearly distributed at equal intervals; the bottom of the inner cavity of the main box body is provided with a filling mechanism which covers all the overflow holes and is arranged below the air inlet pipeline; the packing mechanism consists of a loading box and packing assembled in the loading box, and the bottom of the loading box is provided with through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the overflow holes and are communicated up and down; the filler is aerobic filler or anoxic filler; floating bodies with density less than sewage are fixedly assembled on the top edges of the two opposite outer side walls of the main box body respectively.
The pretreatment area and the advanced treatment area are respectively provided with a plurality of biological filter beds, and aquatic plants are planted on the biological filter beds; the biological filter bed is composed of at least two layers of floating bodies, and the floating body on the top layer floats on the water surface; the two adjacent layers of floating bodies are connected into a whole through a plurality of connecting columns, a containing area is formed between the two adjacent layers of floating bodies, a containing device is arranged in the containing area, and ceramsite and/or blast furnace slag filter materials are contained in the containing device.
The pretreatment area is also provided with a reflux pump, and the sewage transversely flows out of the pretreatment area from front to back in the aerobic layer, and the reflux pump is used for pumping the sewage at the rear end of the aerobic layer back to the front end of the aerobic layer.
A coagulation tank is arranged between the pretreatment area and the advanced treatment area, and sewage flowing out of the pretreatment area flows into the advanced treatment area after passing through the coagulation tank.
The pretreatment area is provided with a water inlet system, the water inlet system comprises a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines communicated with the main pipeline, the end part of the main pipeline connected with the branch pipelines is buried below the sewage treatment tank, and the upper ends of the branch pipelines penetrate through the bottom of the sewage treatment tank and vertically extend upwards to the upper part of the sludge layer.
In addition, each partition is provided with at least one of the above-mentioned sub-pipes. Further, each partition is provided with one of the branch pipelines, the branch pipelines are arranged at the center of the bottom of the partition pool, and the water outlets of the branch pipelines are arranged on the side walls of the top ends of the branch pipelines, so that the structure is favorable for uniform diffusion of sewage. In addition, each branch pipeline is provided with an electric valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter so as to realize automatic control of sewage inflow.
Sewage enters an anaerobic layer of a corresponding partition area from a branch pipeline of the water inlet system, so that a sewage water inlet multi-point diffusion mode is formed and enters a pretreatment area; anaerobic degradation of sewage is completed in the anaerobic layer, settlement of the suspended matters with larger particles and partial degradation of soluble organic matters are completed, the anaerobic layer comprises hydrolysis and methanation of the organic matters and settlement of the suspended matters, and the COD removal rate of the anaerobic layer is 40% -60%; then sewage flows upwards to enter an anoxic layer, and denitrification is carried out in an anoxic zone through the backflow of the mixed solution of the aerobic layer, so that the total nitrogen is removed; the sewage flowing into the aerobic layer from the anoxic layer is subjected to aerobic aeration to perform processes of organic matter aerobic degradation, nitrification and the like, and the water flow direction becomes horizontal (i.e. transversely flows) after entering the aerobic layer. The anoxic layer and the aerobic layer are assembled by I, II type assembled biochemical combination devices (I, II type biochemical combination devices are different in assembled filler), the biochemical combination devices are composed of an aeration device, the filler thereof, a mixed liquid reflux facility and the like, and the treatment facilities can be installed, maintained and replaced under the condition of water injection of an ecological pool. The sewage is horizontally pushed to pass through the anoxic and aerobic areas, and is subjected to multistage anoxic and aerobic alternate treatment and repeated mixed liquid backflow, so that the degradation of organic matters and the removal of total nitrogen are completed. Meanwhile, biological filter beds are also arranged in the two treatment areas of the pretreatment area and the advanced treatment area of the ecological pool so as to capture aerosol generated in the aeration process, slow down the influence on the surrounding environment and create conditions for biological diversity. The sludge produced in the anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic biological treatment processes is settled into a sludge layer for anaerobic digestion, and the characteristics of the ultra-normal effective water depth and stable vertical distribution of the water temperature of the ecological pool provide environment conditions (temperature, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen control and the like) very suitable for biochemical reaction for the anaerobic digestion of the sludge. The residual biochemical sludge and the soluble organic matters formed in the sludge layer liquefaction process are diffused into the anoxic layer, so that an additional effective carbon source is provided for denitrification, and the total nitrogen removal rate is further improved. And (5) enabling the effluent of the aerobic layer to enter a coagulation tank and then enter a deep treatment area. The biological filter bed arranged in the advanced treatment area has the function of further removing a small amount of suspended matters in the effluent of the aerobic area; and a plurality of food chains (nets) formed by biodiversity are established through biological filter beds arranged in the ecological pool to further treat the residual refractory organic matters after the sewage is subjected to secondary biochemical treatment.
As can be seen from the above description of the structure of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the ecological pool has the advantages of small sludge amount (20-25 years of sludge discharge time), no odor, thorough removal of organic matters, and the carbon source generated in the sludge stabilization process supplements the carbon source required by denitrification, so that the additional carbon source is reduced; the reduction of pollutants is realized, the yielding water can stably reach the first-level A or first-level B standard, and the ecological landscape can be created, the ecological environment is improved, and an ecological park is built; the method also solves the problem of the outlet of a large amount of sludge of the urban sewage treatment plant, prolongs the service life of the landfill (the cost of sludge disposal and absorption is reduced by 0.2-0.3 yuan) and simultaneously reduces the running cost of sewage treatment. The method has the advantages of saving construction investment and short construction period, can utilize waste or existing pits, ponds, ditches and sloping fields, has no secondary sedimentation tank and sludge reflux system, has no equipment and related constructions and structures required by sludge treatment and odor treatment, can be flexibly and dispersedly arranged according to actual conditions, and reduces the investment of a sewage collection pipe network; and 4-6 months of construction period (installation, construction and water inflow debugging).
In addition, the structure of the ballasting plate disclosed by the invention is used for manufacturing a certain resistance to the sewage flowing upwards, so that the sewage forms convection between the anaerobic layer and the anoxic layer, and the anaerobic degradation time of the sewage in the anaerobic layer and the denitrification reaction time of the sewage in the anoxic layer are prolonged, so that the anaerobic degradation and denitrification of the sewage are more complete, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal rate of the sewage is improved by 30-40%, and the total nitrogen removal rate is improved by 25-45%; and the through hole structure on the ballasting plate is arranged, so that sewage can be rapidly diffused in the aerobic layer, thereby improving the efficiency of aerobic degradation and nitrification of organic matters, further effectively improving the sewage treatment effect of single AAO treatment, reducing the load of the subsequent sewage treatment process and improving the efficiency of overall sewage treatment.
In addition, most of the pipelines in the sewage pretreatment area are buried underground, so that the sewage pretreatment area does not occupy the space of sewage purification reaction, is beneficial to protecting the pipelines, is not easy to be damaged by external force, and reduces the degree of corrosion and deterioration of the pipelines, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of the pipelines. The underground approximately constant temperature condition enables the sewage to be adjusted before entering the sewage treatment tank, so that the sewage is approximately the same as the water temperature in the tank, the sewage can efficiently react in the tank, the water temperature in the tank can be kept constant, the stable living environment of a ecological system in the tank is further ensured, and the sewage purification efficiency is also ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing structural connection of an ecological sewage treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure of the ecological pool according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the biological filter.
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the ecological pool wall and plant slope protection.
Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional structure of the ecological pool of the second embodiment.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional structure of an ecological pool of the third embodiment.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 6.
Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional structure of an aeration device according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 10.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
Referring to fig. 1, the ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO, sewage is discharged through standard discharge openings through coarse grille, lift pump house, fine grille, grit chamber, vertical multistage AO ecological pond, filter cloth filter, ultraviolet disinfection canal in turn. The sludge generated by the fine grid, the grit chamber, the vertical multistage AO ecological pool and the standard discharge port is transferred to a sludge storage pool and is treated by a dewatering machine room to be transported outwards. Further, the coarse grille and the fine grille are both rotary grille pollutant removers, a submersible sewage pump is arranged in a lifting pump room, and a rotational flow sand sedimentation tank is adopted in the sand sedimentation tank. The ecological sewage treatment system is also provided with a biological deodorization system which is divided into two parts, namely a collection system and a treatment system. The collecting system is used for covering or covering odor source points of a sewage treatment plant in a park, such as a grid, a grit chamber, a sludge dewatering room and the like, and then conveying the odor source points to a deodorizing device for treatment through a collecting air pipe; the treatment system adopts a biological trickling filtration system, and mainly comprises a centrifugal fan, an odor conveying system, a pre-washing tank, a biological filter and a spraying system.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the vertical multistage AO ecological pool comprises a pretreatment area 1 and a deep treatment area 2, wherein the pretreatment area 1 is composed of a sludge layer 11, an anaerobic layer 12, an anoxic layer 13 and an aerobic layer 14 which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, a plurality of partition areas 10 are formed in the pretreatment area 1 by separating criss-cross partition plates 15, and the top ends of the partition plates 15 are positioned at the junction of the aerobic layer 14 and the anoxic layer 13. The top of each partition 10 is covered with a ballast plate 16, and each ballast plate 16 is provided with at least three through holes 160, and the through holes 160 are in a taper hole shape with a large upper part and a small lower part. The structure of the ballasting plate 16 is arranged to produce certain resistance to the sewage flowing upwards, so that the sewage forms convection between the anaerobic layer 12 and the anoxic layer 13, thereby prolonging the anaerobic degradation time of the sewage in the anaerobic layer 12 and the denitrification reaction time of the sewage in the anoxic layer 13, leading the anaerobic degradation and the denitrification of the sewage to be more complete, improving the COD removal rate of the sewage by 30-40% and improving the removal rate of total nitrogen by 25-45%; the through holes 160 on the ballasting plate 16 are structurally arranged, so that sewage can be rapidly diffused in the aerobic layer 14, the efficiency of aerobic degradation and nitrification of organic matters is improved, the sewage treatment effect of single AAO treatment is effectively improved, the load of a subsequent sewage treatment process is reduced, and the efficiency of overall sewage treatment is improved.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 3, each through hole 160 is provided with a fluid guiding body 161, and the fluid guiding body 161 is integrally formed by connecting two conical bodies with upward and downward tips, and the inclination of the lower conical wall of the fluid guiding body 161 is approximately the same as that of the wall of the through hole 160. The flow guiding body 161 of the present embodiment is of a solid structure, and spiral protrusions 162 are annularly distributed on the lower conical wall of the flow guiding body 161, and the arrangement of the spiral protrusions 162 can play a certain role in guiding the sewage flowing through the through holes 160, so that a certain rotating flow is formed, and the diffusion speed of the sewage in the aerobic layer 14 is further improved. The ecological pool of this embodiment also requires the configuration of type I and type II aeration devices, but is not shown in fig. 2. When the sludge generated by the aerobic layer 14 is settled downwards, the sludge enters the anoxic layer 13 along the flow guide body 161 and the wall of the through hole 160, and then is settled to the sludge layer 11.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the pretreatment area 1 is provided with a water inlet system 3, and the water inlet system 3 includes a main pipe 31 and a plurality of branch pipes 32 communicated with the main pipe 31, and the end of the main pipe 31 connected with the branch pipes 32 is buried under the pool bottom 4. The upper end of the branch pipe 32 penetrates the bottom 4 of the pretreatment zone 1 and extends vertically upwards to the anaerobic layer 12 above the sludge layer 11. In addition, each partition 10 is respectively provided with one branch pipeline 32, the branch pipelines 32 are arranged at the center of the pool bottom 4 of the partition 10, the water outlets of the branch pipelines 32 are arranged on the side walls of the top ends of the branch pipelines 32, and the flowing direction of sewage is shown by the directions of arrows on two sides of the top ends of the branch pipelines 32 in fig. 2; this facilitates uniform distribution of the wastewater in each of the zones within the compartment 10. In addition, each sub-pipeline 32 is provided with an electric valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter 321 to realize automatic control of sewage inflow. The pipelines of the sewage pretreatment area 1 are mostly buried underground, so that the sewage pretreatment area does not occupy the space of sewage purification reaction, is beneficial to protecting the pipelines, is not easy to be damaged by external force, reduces the degree of corrosion and deterioration of the pipelines, and effectively prolongs the service life of the pipelines. The underground approximately constant temperature condition enables the sewage to be adjusted before entering the pretreatment area 1, so that the sewage is approximately the same as the water temperature in the tank, the sewage can efficiently react in the tank, the water temperature in the tank can be kept constant, the stable living environment of a ecological system in the tank is further ensured, and the purification efficiency of the sewage is also ensured.
In addition, referring to fig. 4, the pretreatment area 1 and the advanced treatment area 2 are respectively provided with a plurality of biological filter beds 5, the biological filter beds 5 are planted with aquatic plants 51, leaf portions of the aquatic plants 51 extend above the top surface of the biological filter beds 5, and roots 511 of the aquatic plants 51 extend below the bottom surface of the biological filter beds 5 and are immersed in the aerobic layer of the vertical multistage AO ecological sewage treatment tank. The biological filter bed 5 is internally provided with a containing device 52, and a filter material for absorbing phosphorus is arranged in the containing device 52, wherein the filter material consists of single haydite or single blast furnace slag or the mixture of haydite and blast furnace slag. The biological filter bed 5 is composed of two layers of floating bodies 53, and the floating body 53 on the top layer floats on the water surface; the two adjacent layers of floating bodies 53 are connected into a whole by two rows of connecting columns 54 which are linearly arranged, a containing area 50 is formed between the two adjacent layers of floating bodies 53 and between the two rows of connecting columns 54, and the containing device 52 is assembled in the containing area 50. The structural arrangement of the biological filter bed 5 of the embodiment provides a carrier for planting the aquatic plants 51, and can accommodate the adsorption filter material, so that the removal effect of phosphorus and suspended matters in the treatment tank is further improved, the adsorption of the filter material enriches the phosphorus on the biological filter bed 5, further provides nutrients for the growth of the aquatic plants 51, is beneficial to the rapid growth of the aquatic plants 51, also enables the plant variety that the biological filter bed 5 can plant to be more various (such as planting flowers which can be used for ornamental and selling on the biological filter bed 5, improves ornamental value and economic benefit while improving the removal rate of the phosphorus), enriches the ecological variety in the vertical multistage AO ecological sewage treatment tank, enables the construction of biological chains to be more rapid and complete, thereby constructing a plurality of food chains (nets) formed by biodiversity, further treating the residual refractory organic matters after the biochemical treatment of sewage, and playing a good improving role in sewage treatment effect.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the pretreatment zone 1 is further provided with a reflux pump 17, and the sewage flows out of the pretreatment zone 1 from front to back laterally in the aerobic layer 14, and the reflux pump 17 is used for pumping the sewage at the rear end of the aerobic layer 14 back to the front end of the aerobic layer 14, so that the sewage again undergoes AO reaction when flowing forward through each partition. A coagulation tank 9 is arranged between the pretreatment area 1 and the advanced treatment area 2, and the sewage flowing out of the pretreatment area 1 flows into the advanced treatment area 2 after passing through the coagulation tank 9.
Further, referring to fig. 5, the bottom 4, the walls 6, and the plant slope protection 7 are constructed as follows:
with continued reference to fig. 5, the pool wall 6 is formed by a pool wall body 61 covering the ecological pool slope base soil 8, and the surface of the base soil 8 is a rolling compaction layer with a compaction coefficient of 0.94. The slope of the pool wall body 61 is 58-60 degrees, and the slope is selected so that the pool wall body 61 can ensure high structural strength and not great pressure to the foundation soil 8. With continued reference to fig. 5, the main body 61 of the pool wall is composed of a cement mortar layer 62, a geomembrane layer 63, a slope wall 64 and a soil nailing wall 65 in this order from the outside to the inside, and the soil nailing wall 65 is coupled with the foundation soil 8. The average thickness of the cement mortar layer 62 is 20 to 30 mm. The geomembrane layer 63 is an HDPE composite geomembrane with two cloth-one membranes, wherein the two cloth-one membranes are made of a geotechnical impermeable material formed by compounding a plastic film serving as an impermeable base material with non-woven fabrics, and the thickness of the geomembrane layer 63 is 1 mm; the geomembrane 63 is effective to prevent water from penetrating into the foundation soil 8. The slope wall 64 is provided with a temperature seam every 12 m, the temperature seam is called an expansion seam, and is used for preventing the pool wall 6 from generating cracks due to climate change, the seam is reserved every 12 m along the length direction of the pool wall 6, the pool wall 6 is circumferentially broken, the width of the expansion seam is generally 2 cm to 3 cm, and the seam is filled with heat insulation materials. The soil nailing wall 65 is a slope reinforcement type supporting construction method that a slope is reinforced by soil nails made of steel bars, a steel bar net is paved on the surface of the slope, and then a concrete surface layer and a foundation soil 8 slope are sprayed. The structural arrangement of the pool wall 6 ensures that the pool wall 6 has good seepage-proofing capability, can keep good structural strength for a long time, is very firm in connection between the pool wall 6 and the foundation soil 8, is firm and durable, and has good protection effect on the foundation soil 8, so that the maintenance and repair of the pool wall 6 are reduced, and the cost of sewage treatment is reduced.
Firstly, rolling and compacting undisturbed soil (namely base soil) at the bottom of the pond, wherein the compaction coefficient is 0.94, and paving a fine sand leveling layer (average thickness is 100 mm) on the soil; then, an impermeable layer (HDPE composite geomembrane, two cloth films and one film with the thickness of 1 mm) is arranged on the membrane; finally, a clay layer with the thickness of 500mm is paved and rolled to be compact, and the compaction coefficient is 0.94.
With continued reference to fig. 5, the plant slope protection 7 is constituted by a slope protection main body 71 covering the ecological pool land portion, and the slope of the slope protection main body 71 is 30 to 45 degrees. The slope protection main body 71 is fixedly covered on the surface of the foundation soil 8, and the surface of the foundation soil 8 is a rolling compaction layer, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural strength of the plant slope protection 7. The revetment main body 71 is formed by a pebble layer 72, a planting soil layer 73 and a PE geomembrane layer 74 from outside to inside in sequence, aquatic plants 51 are planted in the planting soil layer 73, the average thickness of the pebble layer 72 is 200 mm, the pebble layer 72 with the pebble particle size of 30-40 mm can play a good role in protecting the planting soil layer 73, loss of planting soil is effectively reduced, the thickness of the PE geomembrane layer 74 is 1mm, the PE geomembrane layer is a two-cloth one-membrane geomembrane, and the PE geomembrane layer 74 can effectively prevent water from penetrating into the foundation soil 8. In addition, a fine sand leveling layer 75 with a compaction coefficient of 0.94 is further arranged between the PE geomembrane layer 74 and the foundation soil 8, the average thickness of the fine sand leveling layer 75 is 100 millimeters, and the arrangement of the fine sand leveling layer 75 is beneficial to protecting the PE geomembrane layer 74 and preventing the PE geomembrane layer 74 from being scratched by sharp protrusions. The structure of the plant slope protection 7 is set to be an excellent planting foundation for aquatic plants, planting soil loss of the plant slope protection 7 is not easy to occur, the structural strength of the slope protection is further enhanced by planting the aquatic plants, ecological types in the vertical multistage AO ecological sewage treatment tank are enriched by adding the aquatic plants, so that a biological chain is more complete, a more perfect ecological system is built, and a certain improvement effect on a sewage treatment effect is achieved.
Finally, the working mode of the ecological pool is as follows: sewage enters an anaerobic layer of a corresponding partition area from a branch pipeline of the water inlet system, and a sewage water inlet multi-point diffusion mode is formed to enter the pretreatment area 1; anaerobic degradation of sewage is completed in the anaerobic layer, settlement of the suspended matters with larger particles and partial degradation of soluble organic matters are completed, the anaerobic layer comprises hydrolysis and methanation of the organic matters and settlement of the suspended matters, and the COD removal rate of the anaerobic layer is 40% -60%; then sewage flows upwards to enter an anoxic layer, and denitrification is carried out in an anoxic zone through the backflow of the mixed solution of the aerobic layer, so that the total nitrogen is removed; the sewage flowing into the aerobic layer from the anoxic layer is subjected to aerobic aeration to perform processes of organic matter aerobic degradation, nitrification and the like, and the water flow direction becomes horizontal (i.e. transversely flows) after entering the aerobic layer. The anoxic layer and the aerobic layer are assembled by I, II type assembled biochemical combination devices (I, II type biochemical combination devices are different in assembled filler), the biochemical combination devices are composed of an aeration device 18, the filler, a mixed liquid reflux facility and the like, and the treatment facilities can be installed, maintained and replaced under the condition of water injection of an ecological pool. The sewage is horizontally pushed to pass through the anoxic and aerobic areas, and is subjected to multistage anoxic and aerobic alternate treatment and repeated mixed liquid backflow, so that the degradation of organic matters and the removal of total nitrogen are completed. Meanwhile, biological filter beds 5 are also arranged in the two treatment areas of the ecological pool pretreatment area 1 and the advanced treatment area 2 so as to capture aerosol generated in the aeration process, slow down the influence on the surrounding environment and create conditions for biological diversity. The sludge produced in the anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic biological treatment processes is settled into a sludge layer for anaerobic digestion, and the characteristics of the ultra-normal effective water depth and stable vertical distribution of the water temperature of the ecological pool provide environment conditions (temperature, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen control and the like) very suitable for biochemical reaction for the anaerobic digestion of the sludge. The residual biochemical sludge and the soluble organic matters formed in the sludge layer liquefaction process are diffused into the anoxic layer, so that an additional effective carbon source is provided for denitrification, and the total nitrogen removal rate is further improved. And the effluent of the aerobic layer enters the coagulation tank and then enters the advanced treatment area 2. The biological filter bed 5 is arranged in the advanced treatment area 2 and has the function of further removing a small amount of suspended matters in the effluent of the aerobic area; the biological filter bed 5 arranged in the ecological pool is used for establishing a plurality of food chains (nets) formed by biodiversity to further treat the residual refractory organic matters after the sewage is subjected to secondary biochemical treatment.
Second embodiment
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: referring to fig. 6 and 7, the flow guide body 161 of the present embodiment is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of air outlets 167 are annularly arranged on the upper conical wall of the flow guide body 161, and a plurality of water passing holes 163 are annularly arranged on the lower conical wall of the flow guide body 161, or as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the water passing holes 163 are arranged at the bottom end of the flow guide body 161, an aerobic packing 164 and/or an anoxic packing 164 are assembled in the flow guide body 161, and an aeration pipe 165 for connecting an air supply pipe is also assembled in the flow guide body 161 to form an aeration structure. Air blown in by the aeration pipe 165 is discharged upward through the air outlet holes 167, and sewage flowing upward from the anoxic layer 13 can also enter the guide body 161 through the water passing holes 163, and sludge entering the guide body 161 can also be discharged through the water passing holes 163.
Embodiment III
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: referring to fig. 8 and 9, the aeration structure of the present embodiment employs a conventional aeration device 18 according to the related art, and referring to fig. 10, the aeration device 18 is provided above each through-hole 160, and the aeration device 18 is mounted on the above-mentioned ballast plate 16. The aeration device 18 comprises a main box body 181 with an open top, and a plurality of through flow holes 180 are distributed at the bottom of the main box body 181. The top edges of the two opposite outer side walls of the main box body 181 are respectively fixedly provided with the floating bars 183 with the density smaller than that of sewage, and the arrangement of the floating bars 183 reduces the dependence of the main box body 181 on the supporting frame. As shown in fig. 10, the side wall of the main box 181 is provided with two air inlet pipelines 182, the inner ends of the air inlet pipelines 182 are communicated with the inner cavity of the main box 181, and the outer ends of the air inlet pipelines 182 are communicated with the air supply pipeline. The air inlet pipe 182 has a plurality of air supply holes 184 arranged at equal intervals in a linear manner at the inner end thereof.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 10 and 11, a packing mechanism 185 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the main casing 181, and the packing mechanism 185 is provided below the intake duct 182 so as to cover all the overflow holes 180. Further, the packing mechanism 185 is composed of a loading box 186 and a packing 187 assembled in the loading box 186, and the bottom of the loading box 186 is provided with vent holes 188 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the overflow holes 180 and are communicated up and down; the filler 187 is an aerobic filler or an anoxic filler, and the aerobic filler and the anoxic filler are alternately distributed at intervals. The aerobic filler is loaded with rich aerobic bacteria, and the anoxic filler is loaded with rich anoxic bacteria, and can be mixed with anaerobic bacteria, so that a stable nitrogen removal ecological system is formed.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 10, a flow guide plate 189 is provided between the opposite inner side walls of the main housing 181. The packing under one side of the deflector 189, which is provided with the above-mentioned air inlet pipe 182, may be provided as aerobic packing; while the packing below the other side of the deflector 189 may be provided as an anoxic packing, the side is not provided with the air intake duct 182 or the air intake duct 182 is provided with a smaller amount of air intake; the guide plates 189 are used for separating and guiding sewage entering the main box body 181, and the sewage after passing through the main box body 181 arranged by the structure is subjected to one-time AO biochemical treatment, so that the sewage can be subjected to multiple biochemical treatments in one-time vertical flow, the efficiency of the sewage biochemical treatment is greatly improved, the removal efficiency of COD can reach more than 85%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate can reach more than 99%, and the total nitrogen removal rate can reach more than 75%.
In addition, referring to fig. 9, spiral grooves 166 are further arranged on the walls of the through holes 160, and the spiral grooves 166 can guide the sewage flowing through the through holes 160 to form a certain rotating flow, so that the diffusion speed of the sewage in the aerobic layer 14 is further improved.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present invention by using the design concept shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. Ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO, its characterized in that: the sewage is sequentially discharged through a standard discharge port by the treatment of a coarse grid, a lifting pump room, a fine grid, a grit chamber, a vertical multistage AO ecological pool, a filter cloth filter tank and an ultraviolet disinfection canal; the sludge generated by the fine grid, the grit chamber, the vertical multistage AO ecological pool and the standard discharge port is transferred to a sludge storage pool and is treated by a dewatering machine room to be transported outwards; the vertical multistage AO ecological pool comprises a pretreatment area and a deep treatment area, wherein the pretreatment area is formed by sequentially overlapping a sludge layer, an anaerobic layer, an anoxic layer and an aerobic layer from bottom to top, a plurality of partition areas are formed in the pretreatment area by separating vertically and horizontally staggered vertical partition plates, and the top ends of the partition plates are positioned at the junction of the aerobic layer and the anoxic layer; the top end cover of the partition plate of each partition area is provided with a flow partition plate, and each flow partition plate is provided with at least one through hole; each through hole is in a taper hole shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; each through hole is provided with a guide body, the guide body is formed by integrally connecting two conical bodies with the tip parts facing upwards and downwards, and the inclination of the lower conical wall of the guide body is approximately the same as that of the wall of the through hole; the pretreatment area is also provided with a reflux pump, sewage transversely flows out of the pretreatment area from front to back in the aerobic layer, and the reflux pump is used for pumping the sewage at the rear end of the aerobic layer back to the front end of the aerobic layer.
2. The ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO according to claim 1, wherein: the lower cone wall of the flow guide body and/or the wall of the through hole are/is provided with spiral bulges or spiral grooves.
3. The ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO according to claim 1, wherein: the air guide body is of a hollow structure, aerobic filler and/or anoxic filler are/is assembled in the air guide body, and an aeration pipeline for connecting an air supply pipeline is also assembled in the air guide body.
4. The ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO according to claim 1, wherein: an aeration device is arranged above each through hole and is assembled on the flow separation plate; the aeration device comprises a main box body with an open top, wherein a plurality of through overflow holes are distributed at the bottom of the main box body, at least one air inlet pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the main box body, the inner end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the main box body, and the outer end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with an air supply pipeline; the inner end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a plurality of air supply holes which are linearly distributed at equal intervals; the bottom of the inner cavity of the main box body is provided with a filling mechanism which covers all the overflow holes and is arranged below the air inlet pipeline; the packing mechanism consists of a loading box and packing materials assembled in the loading box, and the bottom of the loading box is provided with through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the overflow holes and are communicated up and down; the filler is aerobic filler or anoxic filler; floating bodies with density less than sewage are fixedly assembled on the top edges of the two opposite outer side walls of the main box body respectively.
5. The ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO according to claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment area and the advanced treatment area are respectively provided with a plurality of biological filter beds, and aquatic plants are planted on the biological filter beds; the biological filter bed is composed of at least two layers of floating bodies, and the floating body on the top layer floats on the water surface; the two adjacent layers of floating bodies are connected into a whole through a plurality of connecting columns, a containing area is formed between the two adjacent layers of floating bodies, a containing device is arranged in the containing area, and ceramsite and/or blast furnace slag filter materials are contained in the containing device.
6. The ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO according to claim 1, wherein: and a coagulation tank is arranged between the pretreatment area and the advanced treatment area, and sewage flowing out of the pretreatment area flows into the advanced treatment area after passing through the coagulation tank.
7. The ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO according to claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment area is provided with a water inlet system, and the water inlet system comprises a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines communicated with the main pipeline; the end part of the main pipeline connected with the branch pipeline is buried below the sewage treatment tank, and the upper end of the branch pipeline penetrates through the bottom of the sewage treatment tank and vertically extends upwards to the upper part of the sludge layer.
8. The ecological sewage treatment system of vertical multistage AO according to claim 7, wherein: each partition is provided with at least one branch pipeline which is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the partition pool; and each branch pipeline is provided with an electric valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter, and the water outlet of the branch pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the top end of the branch pipeline.
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