CN104792658B - A kind of flow-path module and research device for Study of Fluid flow regime - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flow channel module and a research device for studying the state of fluid flow, a flow channel module for studying the state of fluid flow, including a first flow channel plate, a second flow channel plate, an observation plate, a first flow channel The inlet of the plate is connected to the head of the extruder, the inlet of the second channel plate is matched with the outlet of the first channel plate, the outlet of the second channel plate extends out of the channel module, and the observation plates are respectively set on the second channel plate front, back and upper part. The flow channel module mentioned in the present invention is used to study the flow state of the fluid. The flow channel is set in the first flow channel plate and the second flow channel plate. The second flow channel plate can be provided with flow channels of various geometric structures. Research For complex fluids, only the corresponding second flow channel plate needs to be replaced, which is convenient for quick replacement and assembly, and reduces the manufacturing cost.

Description

A flow channel module and research device for studying fluid flow state

technical field

The invention relates to a flow channel module and a research device for studying the flow state of a fluid, which are suitable for visually studying the flow state of a complex fluid.

Background technique

At present, although visualization methods are widely used to study the flow state of fluid in molds and runners, most of them focus on the free surface and flow state of fluid flow, such as eddy current, etc., and also focus on the injection fluidity of polymer materials or the defects of injection molded products. visualization research. In addition, there are also reports on the application of flow field velocity measurement and stress isochromatic fringe measurement, but these studies are limited to a specific flow channel or mold.

For the flow state of complex fluids, it is necessary to cooperate with multiple research devices for research, and the operation is complicated and the cost is high.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems of complex operation and high cost in the prior art for the study of complex fluid flow states, the present invention proposes a flow channel module for studying fluid flow states, which facilitates rapid replacement of various specific flow channels The plate realizes the study of the rheological behavior of complex fluids in the combined tension and shear flow field on the same device, reduces the manufacturing cost, improves the utilization rate of the visualization device, and other special flow systems can be built on this platform. The channel plate meets the special needs of researchers and expands the scope of use of the device.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A channel module for studying the state of fluid flow, including a first channel plate, a second channel plate, and an observation plate, the inlet of the first channel plate is connected to the head of the extruder, and the inlet of the second channel plate is connected to the The outlet of the first flow channel plate cooperates, the outlet of the second flow channel plate extends out of the flow channel module, and the observation plates are respectively arranged on the front, back and upper part of the second flow channel plate.

Compared with the prior art, the flow channel module mentioned in the present invention is used to study the fluid flow state. The flow channels are set in the first flow channel plate and the second flow channel plate, and a variety of The flow channel with a geometric structure, when studying complex fluids, only needs to replace the corresponding second flow channel plate, which is convenient for quick replacement and assembly, and reduces manufacturing costs.

In order to realize the present invention, flow channels and outlets that can be matched with various second flow channel plates are arranged on the first flow channel plate, the inlet of the first flow channel plate is set at its vertical center position, the inlet is along the horizontal direction, and upwards Extend down to form a "T"-shaped flow channel.

The outlet of the first flow channel plate is set at the uppermost end of the "T"-shaped flow channel, and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate. The inlet of the second flow channel plate extends to its horizontal center position and passes through the vertically downward transition flow channel. Connect the main channel.

The main flow channel is a shrinking flow channel, including an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel that communicate with each other. The upper flow channel is connected to the transition flow channel, and the lower flow channel extends to the outlet of the second flow channel plate. The cross-sections of the upper flow channel and the lower flow channel are rectangular structures. The cross-sectional width w1 of the upper runner and the cross-sectional width w2 of the lower runner satisfy the following relationship: w1≥4w2, the length L1 of the upper runner and the thickness δ of the second runner plate satisfy the following relationship: L1≥8δ, the length L2 of the lower runner and the cross-sectional width w2 of the lower runner Satisfy the following relationship: L2≥10w2.

The main flow channel is a cylindrical flow channel, including the flow channel connected with the transition channel. The cross section of the flow channel is rectangular. A cylinder is set in the flow channel. The cylinder is supported on the observation plate. The cross-sectional width w5 of the runner, the diameter d6 of the cylinder, and the distance L5 between the centerline of the cylinder and the outlet of the main channel satisfy the following relationship: w5≥2d6, L5≥10d6.

The main flow channel is a prismatic flow channel, including a prism flow channel connected to the transition channel. The cross section of the prism flow channel is rectangular. A prism is set in the prism flow channel. The prism is supported on the observation plate. The cross-sectional width w6 of the flow channel, the side length b of the prism, and the distance L6 between the bottom edge of the prism section and the outlet of the main channel satisfy the following relationship: w6≥2b, L6≥15b. Prisms are triangular or quadrangular.

The other outlet of the first flow channel plate is set at the bottom end of the "T"-shaped flow channel and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate. The channel connects to the main channel.

The main flow channel is a cross flow channel, including vertical flow channel and horizontal flow channel. The cross-section of vertical flow channel and horizontal flow channel is rectangular structure. A horizontal channel extending to both sides is set in the middle of the straight channel. The cross-sectional width w3 of the vertical channel, the cross-sectional width w4 of the horizontal channel, the length L3 of the vertical channel and the length L4 of the horizontal channel satisfy the following relationship : w3=w4, L4>L3≥8w3.

The special channel design in the present invention can obtain the flow state of the fluid in the complex flow field, especially the flow state of the polymer fluid in the combined tension and shear flow field, and can measure the velocity of the fluid, stress equivalence fringes, Temperature and pressure are convenient for studying the complex rheological behavior of fluids and exploring the processability of polymer materials.

The present invention also provides a fluid flow state research device, including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a computer data analysis system, a fluid speed measurement optical system, and a flow field stress measurement optical system, and also includes the above-mentioned flow channel module, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively connected with the The flow channel of the second flow channel plate in the flow channel module is in contact with, and the fluid speed measurement optical system and the flow field stress measurement optical system are respectively matched with the flow channel module.

The device of the present invention for visually studying complex fluids by combining modules can not only obtain the velocity and flow state of the flow field by means of the fluid velocity measurement optical system, but also obtain the isochromatic fringe pattern of the principal stress of the flow field through the flow field stress measurement system.

The laser of the fluid velocity measurement optical system is set on the upper end of the observation plate on the second flow channel plate, and the camera is set on the front end of the front observation plate or the rear end of the rear observation plate of the second flow channel plate; the laser of the flow field stress measurement optical system is set on the second flow channel The front end of the observation board is observed in front of the board, and the camera is arranged at the rear end of the rear observation board.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the flow channel module of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow field velocimetry optical system of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the flow field stress measurement optical system of the present invention;

4-8 are schematic diagrams of different flow channel structures of the present invention.

Among them, 10 are flow channel modules used to study the state of fluid flow, 20 are monochromatic laser transmitters, 30 are high-speed CCD cameras, 40 are computer data analysis systems, 50 are -45° polarizers, and 60 are +45° detectors. Polarizer, 70 is a 1/4 wave plate, 80 is a temperature sensor, 90 is a pressure sensor, 11 is the first flow channel plate, 12 is the second flow channel plate, 131 is the front observation plate, 132 is the rear observation plate, 133 is The upper observation plate, 14 is the side plate, 111 is the T-shaped flow channel, 121 is the transition flow channel, 122 is the upper flow channel, 123 is the lower flow channel, 124 is the vertical flow channel, 125 is the horizontal flow channel, 126 is the flow around the column Road, 127 is a cylinder or a prism.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1-3, a fluid flow state research device includes a temperature sensor 80, a pressure sensor 90, a computer data analysis system 40, a fluid speed measurement optical system, a flow field stress measurement optical system and a device for studying the fluid flow state. Flow channel module 10; Fluid velocity measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20, tracer particles, high-speed CCD camera 30, flow field stress measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20,-45 ° polarizer 50, 1/ 4 wave plates 70 (2), +45 ° analyzer 60 and high-speed CCD camera 30; The flow channel module 10 used to study the fluid flow state includes a first flow channel plate 11, a second flow channel plate 12, an observation plate, The inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is connected to the head of the extruder, the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12 cooperates with the outlet of the first flow channel plate 11, the outlet of the second flow channel plate 12 extends out of the flow channel module, and the observation plates are respectively It is arranged on the front, back and upper part of the second flow channel plate 12; the temperature sensor 80 and the pressure sensor 90 are respectively in contact with the fluid in the second flow channel plate 12 in the flow channel module, and the other side of the second flow channel plate 12 is installed on the side Plate 14, the pressure sensor 90 is installed on the side plate 14; The monochromatic laser emitter 20 of fluid velocity measurement optical system is arranged on the upper end of the observation plate 133 on the second flow channel plate 12, and the high-speed CCD camera 30 is arranged in front of the second flow channel plate to observe The front end of the plate 131 or the rear end of the rear observation plate 132; the monochromatic laser emitter 20 of the flow field stress measurement optical system is arranged on the front end of the second flow channel plate front observation plate 131, and the high-speed CCD camera is arranged on the rear end of the observation plate 132.

The first flow channel plate 11 is provided with flow channels and outlets that can be matched with the second flow channel plate 12, the inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is set at its vertical center position, and the inlet is along the horizontal direction and extends up and down to form a " T"-shaped runner 111. The outlet of the first flow channel plate 111 is set at the uppermost end of the “T”-shaped flow channel 111, and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12, and the inlet of the second flow channel plate 121 extends to its horizontal center position, through The transition channel 121 is connected to the main channel.

As shown in Figure 4, the main flow channel is a constricted flow channel, including an upper flow channel 122 and a lower flow channel 123 that are connected to each other. Both the channel 122 and the lower channel 123 have a rectangular cross-section, the width w1 of the upper channel and the width w2 of the lower channel satisfy the following relationship: w1≥4w2, the length L1 of the upper channel and the thickness δ of the second channel plate satisfy the following relationship: L1≥8δ, The length L2 of the lower runner and the cross-sectional width w2 of the lower runner satisfy the following relationship: L2≥10w2. .

Through the fluid velocity measurement optical system, the trajectory of the tracer particles in the flow field at different times is photographed with the help of a high-speed CCD camera, and then the image information is transmitted to the computer data analysis system, and the flow field can be obtained through data processing and algorithms in the software The velocity of the fluid in the medium; with the help of the flow field stress measurement optical system, the monochromatic laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the front visualization window template to reach the fluid in the specific flow unit, and then through the rear visualization window template, the fluid flow can be observed Induced birefringence, so as to obtain the stress equivalent fringe pattern of the complex fluid in the flow field, and use the high-speed CCD camera to capture the pattern and transmit it to the computer system.

Example 2:

As shown in Figures 1-3, a fluid flow state research device includes a temperature sensor 80, a pressure sensor 90, a computer data analysis system 40, a fluid speed measurement optical system, a flow field stress measurement optical system and a device for studying the fluid flow state. Flow channel module 10; Fluid velocity measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20, tracer particles, high-speed CCD camera 30, flow field stress measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20,-45 ° polarizer 50, 1/ 4 wave plates 70 (2), +45 ° analyzer 60 and high-speed CCD camera 30; The flow channel module 10 used to study the fluid flow state includes a first flow channel plate 11, a second flow channel plate 12, an observation plate, The inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is connected to the head of the extruder, the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12 cooperates with the outlet of the first flow channel plate 11, the outlet of the second flow channel plate 12 extends out of the flow channel module, and the observation plates are respectively It is arranged on the front, back and upper part of the second flow channel plate 12; the temperature sensor 80 and the pressure sensor 90 are respectively in contact with the fluid in the second flow channel plate 12 in the flow channel module, and the other side of the second flow channel plate 12 is installed on the side Plate 14, the pressure sensor 90 is installed on the side plate 14; The monochromatic laser emitter 20 of fluid velocity measurement optical system is arranged on the upper end of the observation plate 133 on the second flow channel plate 12, and the high-speed CCD camera 30 is arranged in front of the second flow channel plate to observe The front end of the plate 131 or the rear end of the rear observation plate 132; the monochromatic laser emitter 20 of the flow field stress measurement optical system is arranged on the front end of the second flow channel plate front observation plate 131, and the high-speed CCD camera is arranged on the rear end of the observation plate 132.

The first flow channel plate 11 is provided with flow channels and outlets that can be matched with the second flow channel plate 12, the inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is set at its vertical center position, and the inlet is along the horizontal direction and extends up and down to form a " T"-shaped runner 111. The outlet of the first flow channel plate 111 is set at the uppermost end of the “T”-shaped flow channel 111, and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12, and the inlet of the second flow channel plate 121 extends to its horizontal center position, through The transition channel 121 is connected to the main channel. The other outlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is set at the lowermost end of the “T”-shaped flow channel 111 and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12. The inlet of the second flow channel plate 12 extends to its horizontal center position, and passes through the The upward transition channel 121 is connected to the main channel.

As shown in Figure 5, the main flow channel is a cross flow channel, including a vertical flow channel 124 and a horizontal flow channel 125, the cross sections of the vertical flow channel 124 and the horizontal flow channel 125 are rectangular structures, and the vertical flow channel 124 The upper and lower ends are connected to the transition flow channel 121, and the middle position of the vertical flow channel 124 is provided with a horizontal flow channel 125 extending to both sides. The width w3 of the vertical flow channel, the width w4 of the horizontal flow channel, and the width of the vertical flow channel The length L3 and the length L4 of the horizontal channel satisfy the following relationship: w3=w4, L4>L3≥8w3.

Through the fluid velocity measurement optical system, the trajectory of the tracer particles in the flow field at different times is photographed with the help of a high-speed CCD camera, and then the image information is transmitted to the computer data analysis system, and the flow field can be obtained through data processing and algorithms in the software The velocity of the fluid in the medium; with the help of the flow field stress measurement optical system, the monochromatic laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the front visualization window template to reach the fluid in the specific flow unit, and then through the rear visualization window template, the fluid flow can be observed Induced birefringence, so as to obtain the stress equivalent fringe pattern of the complex fluid in the flow field, and use the high-speed CCD camera to capture the pattern and transmit it to the computer system.

Example 3:

As shown in Figures 1-3, a fluid flow state research device includes a temperature sensor 80, a pressure sensor 90, a computer data analysis system 40, a fluid speed measurement optical system, a flow field stress measurement optical system and a device for studying the fluid flow state. Flow channel module 10; Fluid velocity measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20, tracer particles, high-speed CCD camera 30, flow field stress measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20,-45 ° polarizer 50, 1/ 4 wave plates 70 (2), +45 ° analyzer 60 and high-speed CCD camera 30; The flow channel module 10 used to study the fluid flow state includes a first flow channel plate 11, a second flow channel plate 12, an observation plate, The inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is connected to the head of the extruder, the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12 cooperates with the outlet of the first flow channel plate 11, the outlet of the second flow channel plate 12 extends out of the flow channel module, and the observation plates are respectively It is arranged on the front, back and upper part of the second flow channel plate 12; the temperature sensor 80 and the pressure sensor 90 are respectively in contact with the fluid in the second flow channel plate 12 in the flow channel module, and the other side of the second flow channel plate 12 is installed on the side Plate 14, the pressure sensor 90 is installed on the side plate 14; The monochromatic laser emitter 20 of fluid velocity measurement optical system is arranged on the upper end of the observation plate 133 on the second flow channel plate 12, and the high-speed CCD camera 30 is arranged in front of the second flow channel plate to observe The front end of the plate 131 or the rear end of the rear observation plate 132; the monochromatic laser emitter 20 of the flow field stress measurement optical system is arranged on the front end of the second flow channel plate front observation plate 131, and the high-speed CCD camera is arranged on the rear end of the observation plate 132.

The first flow channel plate 11 is provided with flow channels and outlets that can be matched with the second flow channel plate 12, the inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is set at its vertical center position, and the inlet is along the horizontal direction and extends up and down to form a " T"-shaped runner 111. The outlet of the first flow channel plate 111 is set at the uppermost end of the “T”-shaped flow channel 111, and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12, and the inlet of the second flow channel plate 121 extends to its horizontal center position, through The transition channel 121 is connected to the main channel.

As shown in Figure 6, the main flow channel is a cylindrical flow channel, including a column flow channel 126 connected to the transition flow channel 121, the cross section of the column flow channel 126 is rectangular, and a cylinder 217 is arranged in the flow channel 126 , the cylinder 217 is supported on the observation plate, the width w5 of the flow channel around the column, the diameter d6 of the cylinder, and the distance L5 between the center line of the cylinder and the outlet of the main passage satisfy the following relationship: w5≥2d6, L5≥10d6.

Through the fluid velocity measurement optical system, the trajectory of the tracer particles in the flow field at different times is photographed with the help of a high-speed CCD camera, and then the image information is transmitted to the computer data analysis system, and the flow field can be obtained through data processing and algorithms in the software The velocity of the fluid in the medium; with the help of the flow field stress measurement optical system, the monochromatic laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the front visualization window template to reach the fluid in the specific flow unit, and then through the rear visualization window template, the fluid flow can be observed Induced birefringence, so as to obtain the stress equivalent fringe pattern of the complex fluid in the flow field, and use the high-speed CCD camera to capture the pattern and transmit it to the computer system.

Example 4:

As shown in Figures 1-3, a fluid flow state research device includes a temperature sensor 80, a pressure sensor 90, a computer data analysis system 40, a fluid speed measurement optical system, a flow field stress measurement optical system and a device for studying the fluid flow state. Flow channel module 10; Fluid velocity measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20, tracer particles, high-speed CCD camera 30, flow field stress measurement optical system includes monochromatic laser transmitter 20,-45 ° polarizer 50, 1/ 4 wave plates 70 (2), +45 ° analyzer 60 and high-speed CCD camera 30; The flow channel module 10 used to study the fluid flow state includes a first flow channel plate 11, a second flow channel plate 12, an observation plate, The inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is connected to the head of the extruder, the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12 cooperates with the outlet of the first flow channel plate 11, the outlet of the second flow channel plate 12 extends out of the flow channel module, and the observation plates are respectively It is arranged on the front, back and upper part of the second flow channel plate 12; the temperature sensor 80 and the pressure sensor 90 are respectively in contact with the fluid in the second flow channel plate 12 in the flow channel module, and the other side of the second flow channel plate 12 is installed on the side Plate 14, the pressure sensor 90 is installed on the side plate 14; The monochromatic laser emitter 20 of fluid velocity measurement optical system is arranged on the upper end of the observation plate 133 on the second flow channel plate 12, and the high-speed CCD camera 30 is arranged in front of the second flow channel plate to observe The front end of the plate 131 or the rear end of the rear observation plate 132; the monochromatic laser emitter 20 of the flow field stress measurement optical system is arranged on the front end of the second flow channel plate front observation plate 131, and the high-speed CCD camera is arranged on the rear end of the observation plate 132.

The first flow channel plate 11 is provided with flow channels and outlets that can be matched with the second flow channel plate 12, the inlet of the first flow channel plate 11 is set at its vertical center position, and the inlet is along the horizontal direction and extends up and down to form a " T"-shaped runner 111. The outlet of the first flow channel plate 111 is set at the uppermost end of the “T”-shaped flow channel 111, and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate 12, and the inlet of the second flow channel plate 121 extends to its horizontal center position, through The transition channel 121 is connected to the main channel.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the main flow channel is a prism-circling flow channel, including a prism-circling flow channel 126 connected to a transitional flow channel 121. Body 217, the prism body 217 is supported on the observation plate, the width w6 of the flow channel around the column, the length b of the side of the prism, and the distance L6 between the bottom edge of the prism section and the outlet of the main passage satisfy the following relationship: w6≥2b, L6≥15b. Prisms are triangular or quadrangular.

Through the fluid velocity measurement optical system, the trajectory of the tracer particles in the flow field at different times is photographed with the help of a high-speed CCD camera, and then the image information is transmitted to the computer data analysis system, and the flow field can be obtained through data processing and algorithms in the software The velocity of the fluid in the medium; with the help of the flow field stress measurement optical system, the monochromatic laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the front visualization window template to reach the fluid in the specific flow unit, and then through the rear visualization window template, the fluid flow can be observed Induced birefringence, so as to obtain the stress equivalent fringe pattern of the complex fluid in the flow field, and use the high-speed CCD camera to capture the pattern and transmit it to the computer system.

Claims (8)

1. A flow channel module for studying the state of fluid flow, characterized in that: it comprises a first flow channel plate, a second flow channel plate, and an observation plate, the inlet of the first flow channel plate is connected with the head of the extruder, and the second flow channel plate The inlet of the flow channel plate cooperates with the outlet of the first flow channel plate, the outlet of the second flow channel plate extends out of the flow channel module, and the observation plates are respectively arranged on the front, back and upper part of the second flow channel plate; The second flow channel plate can be provided with flow channels of various geometric structures according to requirements. When studying the rheological behavior of complex fluids in the combined tension and shear flow field, only the second flow channel plate needs to be replaced; The inlet of the first flow channel plate is set at its vertical center position, the inlet is along the horizontal direction, and extends up and down to form a "T"-shaped flow channel; The outlet of the first flow channel plate is set at the uppermost end of the "T"-shaped flow channel, and communicates horizontally with the inlet of the second flow channel plate. The inlet of the second flow channel plate extends to its horizontal center position and passes through the vertically downward transition flow channel. Connect the main channel; The main channel of the second channel plate is a constricted channel, a cylindrical circumventing channel, a prismatic circumventing channel or a cross channel; various flow forms of the fluid can be realized. 2. A flow channel module for studying fluid flow states according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main channel is a constricted flow channel, including an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel that communicate with each other, and the upper flow channel is connected with the transition flow channel , the lower runner extends to the outlet of the second runner plate, the cross-sections of the upper runner and the lower runner are rectangular structures, the cross-sectional width w1 of the upper runner and the width w2 of the lower runner satisfy the following relationship: w1≥4w2, the length L1 of the upper runner and The thickness δ of the second runner plate satisfies the following relationship: L1≥8δ, and the length L2 of the lower runner and the cross-sectional width w2 of the lower runner satisfy the following relationship: L2≥10w2. 3. A flow channel module for studying fluid flow state according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main channel is a flow channel around a cylinder, including a flow channel around a column connected with a transition flow channel, and the flow around a column The cross-section of the channel is rectangular, and a cylinder is set in the flow channel around the column, and the cylinder is supported on the observation plate. The cross-sectional width w5 of the flow channel around the column, the diameter of the cylinder d6, and the distance L5 between the center line of the cylinder and the outlet of the main channel are as follows Relationship: w5≥2d6, L5≥10d6. 4. A flow channel module for studying fluid flow state according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main channel is a prismatic flow around the flow channel, including a column around the flow channel connected with the transition flow channel, the flow around the column The cross-section of the channel is rectangular, and a prism is set in the flow channel around the column. The prism is supported on the observation plate. The cross-sectional width w6 of the flow channel around the column, the side length b of the prism, and the distance L6 between the bottom edge of the prism section and the outlet of the main channel are as follows Relationship: w6≥2b, L6≥15b; the prism is a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism. 5. A flow channel module for studying the state of fluid flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the other outlet of the first flow channel plate is set at the lowermost end of the "T"-shaped flow channel, and is connected to the second flow channel The inlets of the plates communicate horizontally, and the inlet of the second flow channel plate extends to its horizontal center position, and is connected to the main channel through a vertically upward transition channel. 6. A flow channel module for studying the state of fluid flow as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the main channel is a cross flow channel, including vertical flow channels and horizontal flow channels, vertical flow channels and horizontal flow channels The cross section of the flow channel is a rectangular structure, the upper and lower ends of the vertical flow channel are connected with the transition flow channel, and the middle position of the vertical flow channel is provided with a horizontal flow channel extending to both sides. The width of the vertical flow channel is w3, The width w4 of the horizontal channel, the length L3 of the vertical channel and the length L4 of the horizontal channel satisfy the following relationship: w3=w4, L4>L3≥8w3. 7. A fluid flow state research device, comprising a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a computer data analysis system, a fluid speed measurement optical system and a flow field stress measurement optical system, characterized in that: also includes the any one of claims 1-6 The flow channel module, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively in contact with the flow channel of the second flow channel plate in the flow channel module, and the fluid velocity measurement optical system and the flow field stress measurement optical system are respectively matched with the flow channel module. 8. A kind of fluid flow state research device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the laser of the fluid velocity measuring optical system is arranged on the top of the observation plate on the upper part of the second flow channel plate, and the camera is arranged on the front end of the observation plate in front of the second flow channel plate Or the rear end of the rear observation plate; the laser of the flow field stress measurement optical system is arranged at the front end of the second flow channel plate front observation plate, and the camera is arranged at the rear end of the rear observation plate.