CN104760282A - Three-dimensional printer - Google Patents
Three-dimensional printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104760282A CN104760282A CN201510098322.9A CN201510098322A CN104760282A CN 104760282 A CN104760282 A CN 104760282A CN 201510098322 A CN201510098322 A CN 201510098322A CN 104760282 A CN104760282 A CN 104760282A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- resorption
- cavity
- dimensional printer
- printhead
- printing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional printer, which comprises a rack, a feeding unit, a printing head, a printing head moving mechanism and a printing platform. The feeding unit is communicated with the printing head to supply the printing head materials for printing; the printing head moving mechanism is arranged on the rack and is connected to the printing head to drive the printing head to move in multiple dimensions; the printing head comprises a feeding element, a print material discharge mechanism and a printing head nozzle; the print material discharge mechanism has an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity is communicated with the feeding element to receive the print materials transmitted by the feeding element, the bottom wall of the upper cavity is funnel-shaped and has a through-hole, a screw rod extends from the upper cavity to the lower cavity by the through-hole, and the bottom end of the screw rod is near and aligned to the nozzle communicated with the lower cavity bottom. The printer can directly print waste plastics rapidly, and is conducive to saving printing cost and protecting the environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical field, relate to a kind of three-dimensional article forming apparatus, especially a kind of three-dimensional printer.
Background technology
Three-dimensional printing technology is applied to industrial circle, such as, in the making of the industrial products such as plastic shaping, food, adopts that three-dimensional printing technology is shaping becomes the state of the art.
Print to example with plastic article, existing three-dimensional printing technology adopts plastic wire as printing consumables usually, by wire coil around on dish, is fed to gradually in printer.Described wire rod is melted in printer, then discharges via printhead, is deposited on print platform and forms predetermined shape.But this technical scheme be only only limited to can be formed as wire rod materials supply in printer.For being difficult to the article forming wire rod, for food, because the certain physical properties of food is unsuitable for being supplied by the mode of above-mentioned wire rod in food 3 D-printing, or be unsuitable for accurately supplying in the mode of wire rod, usually adopt the mode of plunger displacement pump to realize the material supply of 3 D-printing.A kind of method of supplying of plunger displacement pump comprises, and described plunger displacement pump is formed as the structure of needle tubing, holds the raw-food material of scheduled volume in needle tubing, such as chocolate, is little by little discharged on print platform by described food forms predetermined shape by the sliding cylinder extrusion of needle tubing.
In prior art, the printing of plastics is confined to described plastics to be formed as wire rod, utilization like this for waste or used plastics becomes high cost, and owing to only only having several plastics of minority to be easily formed as wire rod, thus also restriction is brought for the scope of application of plastic material.Further, for can not being formed as the food of wire rod, adopting the mode of plunger displacement pump to carry out printing and can only print less quantity at every turn, reduce the efficiency of printing.
As can be seen here, in prior art, need a kind of new 3 D-printing equipment can carry out large batch of printing for the 3 D-printing article of non-wire rod, and ensure precision and the Forming Quality of printing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes based on the demand of prior art just, and the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional article shaped device, and this device can reduce and ensures higher printing precision to the dependence of moulding material physical characteristic simultaneously.
In order to solve the problem, provide a kind of three-dimensional printer according to an aspect of the present invention, comprise frame, feed unit, printhead, printhead travel mechanism and print platform; Described feed unit, is communicated with described printhead and is used for described printhead for the material being applied to printing; Described printhead travel mechanism is arranged in described frame and is connected with described printhead, drives described printhead to move in multiple dimension; Described printhead, comprises feed element, prints material output mechanism and print-head nozzle; Described printing material output mechanism is formed with epicoele and cavity of resorption, epicoele is connected with described feed element the printing material sent for receiving described feed element, the diapire of described epicoele comprises and is formed as funnel-form and has through hole, a screw rod extends to described cavity of resorption from described epicoele via described through hole, and the bottom of described screw rod is close to and aims at and the nozzle be communicated with bottom described cavity of resorption.
Arrange the material that can be directly used in and print non-wire rod shape by above-mentioned printer, simultaneously because the rational in infrastructure of printhead can realize continuous print feed, in addition, described printhead can also avoid the obstruction of material owing to being provided with upper and lower two chambeies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional printer structure chart of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the feed unit structure chart of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of the print unit of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the internal structure profile of the print unit of the embodiment of the present invention
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that this detailed description of the invention is only the citing to optimal technical scheme of the present invention, can not limiting the scope of the invention be interpreted as.
Present embodiment discloses a kind of plastic grain 3D printer.Fig. 1 shows the general structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
The plastic grain 3D printer of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: feed unit 1, frame 2, printhead 3, printhead travel mechanism 4, print platform 5.
Described frame is for supporting other structure of described plastic grain 3D printer.Frame in the present embodiment comprises upper ledge, column and lower frame.As shown in Figure 1, described upper ledge is triangle, and preferably, described triangle is equilateral triangle, has three limits that length is equal, and each limit is formed by a linear bar, and three bars lay respectively on described three sides of a triangle.Describedly described three bars to be coupled together by connector in described leg-of-mutton three bights.Described connector comprises interconnecting piece and outer connector.Described outer connector be formed at described leg-of-mutton outside, comprise bight and two arms, described two arms are connected with the end winding support of two bars adjacent in described triangle respectively, described bight is formed as fillet, the maintenance of the housing of 3D printer can be made to fix reliably the appearance of sharp corners can be avoided simultaneously to reduce the issuable injury of user by the connection of this outer connector.Described interconnecting piece is arranged at the corner positions in described triangle, described interconnecting piece comprises two arms and connecting portion, described two arms are connected with the end winding support of two bars adjacent in described triangle respectively, described connecting portion is formed as tabular, connect described two arms, between flat described connecting portion and described leg-of-mutton bight, be formed with predetermined gap.Described gap is for holding the column of described frame, and the column of described frame is fixedly connected with the connecting portion of described interconnecting piece.Described column and described upper ledge reliably couple together simultaneously and ensure that the smooth of whole frame moulding is conducive to packing and uses simultaneously by the soundness that can improve described frame further by the design of this interconnecting piece.The top of described upper ledge is preferably provided with cover plate, and described feed unit 1 is arranged on described cover plate.
Described column preferably adopts vertical bar to be formed, and the quantity of described bar is three, correspondingly with three angles of institute upper ledge respectively arranges, and three described column upper ends are fixedly connected with its lower end with described upper ledge and are fixedly connected with described lower frame.
Described lower frame is formed in the bottom of described framework, and its structure is preferably identical with the structure of described upper ledge.Still more preferably, described lower frame comprises two triangular member of consistency from top to bottom, and the outer connector of two described triangular member is formed in one, and the interconnecting piece of two described triangular member is also formed in one.The lower mount structure of this pair of framework can improve the stability of described framework further, is conducive to installing corresponding 3D printer arrangement on described lower frame simultaneously.
When using the plastics of non-wire rod shape to print, its feed unit is the technical problem that this area needs to solve, in the prior art plastics shaping with the form of wire rod often and supply, but for recycled plastic, be processed into wire rod greatly can increase cost, and do not disclose in the accurate feed prior art of non-wire rod in three-dimensional printer.
Described printhead travel mechanism 4 comprises Linear Moving Module, connecting rod and printhead mounting platform.As shown in Figure 1, described Linear Moving Module for moving up and down on described three root posts.Described Linear Moving Module comprises drive motors, transmission mechanism, slide block and guide rail, the quantity of described guide rail preferably includes three, be separately positioned on three described columns, described drive motors is slided on slide rail by transmission mechanism band movable slider, thus orders about described slide block and move along the above-below direction of described column.One end of described connecting rod is connected with slide block by ball-joint, and the other end is connected with printhead mounting platform by ball-joint; In order to increase the stability of printhead mounting platform, the quantity of described connecting rod is two.Described printhead mounting platform is for fixedly mounting described printhead.Like this, when slide block is moved up and down on the guide rail of three columns by drive motors, the three-dimensional being converted into described feeding machanism and printhead mounting platform by described connecting rod that moves up and down of slide block moves, thus drives described printhead to do three-dimensional motion.
Preferably, the printhead mounting platform in the present embodiment is formed as block, and the printhead mounting platform of described bulk is fixedly installed on the periphery of described printhead.Make described printhead and described feed unit practice integral by the design of this structure, thus ensure the accurate supply of material while printhead stable motion can be ensured.
Disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, feed unit comprises: feed hopper, motor for feeding and disintegrating mechanism.Preferably, arrange grains pulverizing device in described feed unit, described grains pulverizing device can adopt by motor-driven set of blades etc.By arranging grains pulverizing device, directly can print waste or used plastics, achieving the direct utilization of waste or used plastics, thus the expenditure of user can be saved and protection of the environment.
As shown in Figure 3, described printhead comprises feed element 31, prints material output mechanism and print-head nozzle 37 structure of described printhead 3.
The upper end of described feed element 31 is connected with the feed unit in described three-dimensional printer, material for printing is received (in embodiments of the present invention from the feed unit of described three-dimensional printer, described material is preferably granular plastics), the lower end of described feed element 31 is connected with described printing material output mechanism, prints in the middle of material output mechanism for being input to by the described material being used for printing.Feed element 31 in the embodiment of the present invention is preferably the material feed drum of tubular, the upper end of described feeding box is vertically arrange, lower end is that incline direction is under shed, so that material is input in described printing material output mechanism with comparatively rational speed, thus control described material stability in the transmit direction.
As shown in Figure 3,4, the described printing material output mechanism inner hollow in the embodiment of the present invention, is formed with epicoele and cavity of resorption, and epicoele is connected with the lower end of described feed element 31 particular plastics sent for receiving described feed element 31.Described epicoele has predetermined height and volume, and when described feed unit 31 is supplied to after in the middle of described epicoele, the volume due to epicoele can cushion the supply of material, the obstruction avoiding material to be directly stacked into described printing head place causing shower nozzle.The diapire of described epicoele comprises and is formed as funnel-form, and have downward-sloping slope, be formed with through hole in described diapire central authorities, described epicoele is communicated with by described through hole with described cavity of resorption.
Described cavity of resorption is formed at the below of described epicoele, and the diapire of described epicoele forms the roof of described cavity of resorption, and the printing material in described like this epicoele can give described cavity of resorption certain pressure by described through hole, thus is conducive to the discharge of described printing material.Be connected with described print-head nozzle 37 bottom described cavity of resorption, to discharge from described nozzle with described printing material.The diameter of described epicoele is greater than the diameter of described cavity of resorption, and the diameter of described cavity of resorption is greater than the diameter of through hole on described epicoele diapire.
Described screw rod 39 extends to described cavity of resorption from described epicoele via described through hole.The upper end of described screw rod is connected with the motor 32 being arranged on described epicoele upper end, and described motor 32 preferably adopts stepper motor, and motor 32 to be connected with screw rod 39 by shaft coupling 38 and to drive described screw rod 39 to rotate.The nozzle that the bottom of described screw rod is closed on bottom described cavity of resorption is arranged.Preferably, the bottom of described screw rod is formed with tip, the channel alignment of described tip and described nozzle, and the printing material can guiding described cavity of resorption like this enters in the passage of described nozzle.Described screw shaped becomes the shaft-like of straight line, and described screw rod is formed with screw thread, described in
Described screw rod 39 is provided with screw thread, and when described screw rod rotates, described screw thread produces extruding to described printing material thus is discharged downwards by described printing material.The diameter of described through hole is minimum, minimum in the spacing described in described through hole between screw rod and described through hole like this, thus the enough squeezing actions of described printing material can be given the printing material in described epicoele is fed in described cavity of resorption according to the printing amount preset, the bottom of described screw rod is provided with the passage that described nozzle is closed at most advanced and sophisticated described tip, gives the enough pressure of described printing material like this thus discharge according to the printing amount preset by the extruding at described tip.The supply precision of material can be improved by this chamber and design, thus improve the precision of printing.Simultaneously owing to producing extruding to described material in the rotation of screw thread, therefore not easily block can feed swimmingly for a long time for this feed unit.
Preferred a kind of scheme comprises, described cavity of resorption adopts aluminum alloy materials to be made, described cavity of resorption is provided with heating unit 36, heated the material in described cavity of resorption by described heating unit 36, material is formed as liquid after heating and melting so that discharge from spout thus form the article shaped of target.Further, described heater is arranged on the bottom of described cavity of resorption, thus close to the position of described spout, can ensure that the material when spout sprays is sufficiently heated thawing like this.Avoid simultaneously and do not needing the part heated carry out heating thus produce the waste of electric energy.Described heating unit 36 carries out electrical heating preferably by described heating rod 35, and this mode of heating is convenient to the temperature of control heating and can be heated the saving heat time rapidly.
On described cavity of resorption, the top being positioned at described heating unit 36 is provided with heat-sink unit, a kind of preferred heat-sink unit comprises fin 33 and fan 34, described fin is arranged on the outer wall of described body of wall, described fan is arranged on described fin, by the temperature on the described cavity of resorption top of the air-cooled reduction of fan, avoid material to melt on the top of described cavity of resorption, thus avoid the blocking of cavity.
This printer can directly adopt plastic particle material material as printing raw material, no longer needs now widely used Plastic filament raw material.And current 3D printer both domestic and external, employing be the plastic wire raw material of 1.75mm and 3.0mm, the material composition of this finished product raw material can only be PLA, ABS or a small amount of modification of nylon.The limitation of material limits the application of 3D printer.Adopt the plastic grain 3D printer of the embodiment of the present invention can extensively adopt multiple plastic material to print, be no longer limited to the proper constituent of filamentary material, the expansion for 3D printer printed material has very large meaning.Further; the embodiment of the present invention adopts screw rod plastic extruder directly as the extrusion mechanism of 3D printer; coordinate open type charging aperture; the direct printing of plastic grain and long-time printing can be realized; coordinate plastic grain reducing mechanism; can realize the direct utilization to waste or used plastics, Appropriate application resource is also conducive to environmental protection.
Above detailed description of the invention is only the citing to optimal technical scheme of the present invention, everyly all should include within protection scope of the present invention the simple deletion of simple replacement and key element that the technical scheme in this detailed description of the invention carries out key element under design of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a three-dimensional printer, comprises frame, feed unit, printhead, printhead travel mechanism and print platform;
It is characterized in that,
Described feed unit, is communicated with described printhead and is used for described printhead for the material being applied to printing;
Described printhead travel mechanism is arranged in described frame and is connected with described printhead, drives described printhead to move in multiple dimension;
Described printhead, comprises feed element, prints material output mechanism and print-head nozzle; Described printing material output mechanism is formed with epicoele and cavity of resorption, epicoele is connected with described feed element the printing material sent for receiving described feed element, the diapire of described epicoele comprises and is formed as funnel-form and has through hole, a screw rod extends to described cavity of resorption from described epicoele via described through hole, and the bottom of described screw rod is close to and aims at and the nozzle be communicated with bottom described cavity of resorption.
2. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of described epicoele is greater than the diameter of described cavity of resorption, and the diameter of described cavity of resorption is greater than the diameter of through hole on described epicoele diapire.
3. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the upper end of described screw rod is connected with the motor being arranged on described epicoele upper end by shaft coupling.
4. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom of described screw rod is formed with tip, the channel alignment of described tip and described nozzle.
5. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cavity of resorption is provided with heating unit, to become molten state by printing material heating and melting in described cavity of resorption.
6. three-dimensional printer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described heating unit is arranged on the bottom of described cavity of resorption, closes on the position of described spout.
7. three-dimensional printer according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described cavity of resorption adopts aluminum alloy materials to be made.
8. the three-dimensional printer according to any one of claim 5-7, it is characterized in that, described cavity of resorption is also provided with heat-sink unit, and described heat-sink unit comprises fin and fan, described fin is arranged on the outer wall of described lower chamber, and described fan is arranged on described fin.
9. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described feed unit comprises open type hopper; Ramp way is adopted to be connected with the feed element on the upside of screw pump cavity on the downside of described open type hopper.
10. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with plastic disintegrator in the funnel of described feed unit, and described three-dimensional printer is used for directly printing recycled plastic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510098322.9A CN104760282A (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2015-03-05 | Three-dimensional printer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510098322.9A CN104760282A (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2015-03-05 | Three-dimensional printer |
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| CN104760282A true CN104760282A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| CN201510098322.9A Pending CN104760282A (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2015-03-05 | Three-dimensional printer |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106346794A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-01-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Sand table 3D (three-dimensional) printer and sand table manufacturing method |
| KR101776616B1 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-09-11 | 주식회사 쓰리디컨트롤즈 | Three dimensional printing apparatus and method using method metal powder-containing material |
| CN107231789A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-10-03 | 江门市宏汇科技有限公司 | A kind of food 3D printer with double printing nozzles |
| WO2017206128A1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-07 | 深圳万为智能制造科技有限公司 | Printing head for 3d printing, control system, 3d printer, and printing method |
| CN109094020A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-28 | 王玉芹 | A kind of 3D printer |
| CN109094021A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-28 | 王玉芹 | A kind of 3D printing method |
| CN109910204A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-21 | 泉州丰泽本洪机械科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing environment-friendly garbage type processing unit |
| CN112590206A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-04-02 | 西安工业大学 | 3D printing device with ejection head capable of vibrating |
| CN113650287A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-16 | 宿州学院 | A 3D printer that uses waste plastic as printing material to realize the reuse of waste plastic |
| CN113954357A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-21 | 安徽理工大学 | Environment-friendly 3D printing system for waste plastic treatment |
| CN118342789A (en) * | 2024-06-14 | 2024-07-16 | 湖南电气职业技术学院 | Discharging device is given in 3D printing |
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Cited By (16)
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| CN106346794B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-11-12 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Sand table 3D printer and method for making sand table |
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| CN109094021A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-28 | 王玉芹 | A kind of 3D printing method |
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| CN109094020A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-28 | 王玉芹 | A kind of 3D printer |
| CN109910204A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-21 | 泉州丰泽本洪机械科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing environment-friendly garbage type processing unit |
| CN112590206A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-04-02 | 西安工业大学 | 3D printing device with ejection head capable of vibrating |
| CN113650287A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-16 | 宿州学院 | A 3D printer that uses waste plastic as printing material to realize the reuse of waste plastic |
| CN113954357A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-21 | 安徽理工大学 | Environment-friendly 3D printing system for waste plastic treatment |
| CN113954357B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2024-08-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Environment-friendly waste plastic treatment 3D printing system |
| CN118342789A (en) * | 2024-06-14 | 2024-07-16 | 湖南电气职业技术学院 | Discharging device is given in 3D printing |
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