CN104741258A - Novel rotational flow atomization apparatus and application technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel rotational flow atomization apparatus and an application technology. The structure characteristics of a core unit, namely a novel rotary sprayer is that the upper part, connected with fluid, of the rotary sprayer is fixed, the lower part of the rotary sprayer is connected with the upper part through one or a plurality of nozzles by virtue of bearings, the lower part of the sprayer is pushed to rotate at high speed by reactive force formed when a part of kinetic energy of the fluid under pressure is ejected from the nozzles, and meanwhile, most of kinetic energy can be effectively converted into surface energy which can facilitate water flow atomization when impacting the bevel or oblique seam of the sprayer or passing through a hole. The novel sprayer has the advantages that the use pressure is low, the rotating speed is rapid, fogdrops are small and uniform, and the fog spraying coverage area is large. The novel rotational flow atomization apparatus can be applied to extinguishment, black smoke can be instantaneously eliminated, fire head is suppressed in seconds, and big fire can be extinguished within ten seconds; when the novel rotational flow atomization apparatus is applied to flue gas purification, rotational flow like tornado can be produced in a tower, and high-efficient desulfurization dust removal is realized; the novel rotational flow atomization apparatus can be widely applied to city purification, park green space watering, landscape decoration, and crop watering, fertilization, pesticide application and industrial mixing, separating, mass transfer and heat transfer processes, and the circumjacent PM 2.5 and other gaseous pollutant can be effectively removed.

Description

A new type of cyclone atomization equipment and its application technology

technical field

The invention relates to a new type of swirl atomization device and application technology that can generate high-speed rotation and atomization by means of the fluid's own power, which can significantly improve the process intensification effect, and can be widely used in fluid atomization, flue gas and air purification, spray drying or Industrial and agricultural fields such as concentration, smoke elimination and fire extinguishing. the

Background technique

Spray technology is widely used in mass transfer and heat transfer processes such as concentration, drying, absorption, flue gas and air purification. The traditional atomization technology uses gas as the continuous phase and liquid as the dispersed phase. Pressurized fluid is pressed into the pores of the nozzle to cause high-speed flow atomization. This technology has a large kinetic energy loss due to the frictional resistance generated by the liquid passing through the pores. There are many disadvantages such as poor chemical effect and easy clogging of pores. An improved spray technology is to atomize the pressurized liquid through a centrifugal or pre-screw structure. Although the large liquid flow channel alleviates the problem of micropore blockage, there is still scaling and blockage of the spiral or nozzle, which affects the mist. The problem of chemical effects. This traditional improved atomizing nozzle adopts the way that the fixed fluid of the nozzle moves quickly or collides and disperses through a special structure. Most of the energy is absorbed by the structural parts that collide head-on. The distribution range of the liquid in the space, the distribution effect and the gas-liquid The limited contact time and opportunity will significantly affect the mass transfer, heat transfer and reaction effect. the

The centrifugal atomizing nozzle is composed of three parts: atomizing sheet, swirl sheet, and shunt sheet. Under a certain pressure, the fluid merges into an annular groove through the small hole of the shunt plate, and then enters the swirl chamber in the center of the swirl through the tangential direction of the swirl plate, rotates at a high speed after delivery, and is sprayed out through the center hole. Under the action of centrifugal force, the fluid overcomes its own viscous force and surface tension, and is crushed into fine droplets, forming a conical atomization area with a certain angle. However, this centrifugal atomization nozzle still has uneven distribution of droplets. The amount of water in the middle is small, the water droplets are large or even in the state of water column, the coverage area is small, and the atomization effect is poor. Therefore, the innovation of a new type of high-efficiency atomizing nozzle that converts the kinetic energy of the pressurized fluid into the effective energy of sufficient atomization as much as possible is very valuable. the

Cyclone dust removal and liquid cyclone separation are effective ways to remove dust and fog. However, because it completely relies on the initial kinetic energy of the fluid entering the tower, it enters the cylinder tangentially through the introduction pipe and changes its direction to produce rotational motion. Although the centrifugal force generated can bring the specific heavy dust or/and liquid droplets to the wall surface, realizing Preliminary separation of gas-liquid or gas-solid. However, the structure of the cyclone dust removal also makes the kinetic energy of the fluid quickly absorbed by the equipment and can only form a local swirl flow with limited effect. Therefore, the cyclone dust removal or demisting effect is limited, and the treatment effect needs to be improved. Although increasing the blast and exhaust equipment can increase the fluid flow rate, the energy consumption will increase significantly, and the faster gas flow rate will also affect the desulfurization effect. At present, most of the dust such as PM10 and PM2.5 in the flue gas must be removed by bagging or electrostatic precipitator to meet the emission standards. the

Water mist dedusting and desulfurization is the most commonly used method for flue gas purification. It sprays dilute alkaline water to make dust particles, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and other pollutants fully contact with droplets or liquid films in the air or on the surface of the filler to be fully contacted. Capture, the dust removal efficiency can reach 80% to 90%, and it can remove harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides at the same time. Poor purification and removal of pollutants, high energy consumption and high treatment costs. Because the sprayed droplets failed to form a liquid swirl, nor did they drive the gas swirl, the liquid sprayed from top to bottom quickly fell into the bottom of the tower or formed a wall flow under the double action of gravity and initial kinetic energy, and there was Severe wall flow and wall sticking phenomenon, the mass and heat transfer effect needs to be improved. At present, it is only possible to increase the diameter, increase the tower height, reduce the gas velocity, and increase the multi-layer nozzle to ensure the desulfurization effect, resulting in large investment, large equipment space, high energy consumption, and poor treatment effect, especially for the tail gas of coal-fired boilers. After purification, it is difficult to meet the sulfur dioxide and dust emission standards of gas boilers. A large amount of dust and acid gas has caused frequent, continuous, and large-scale haze weather, seriously affecting people's normal life. Even if it meets the national emission standards, it is actually a major source of pollution causing acid rain and smog. The current measures taken to control coal consumption, withdraw coal-fired boilers from the main urban area, restrict boilers from using cheap coal to burn, and switch to scarce natural gas as fuel cannot cure the root cause. It will only increase the shortage of gas resources and the cost of living of enterprises and people. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a high-efficiency and energy-saving atomization technology. the

Fire out of control will cause disaster to human beings. Among various disasters, fire is one of the main disasters that most frequently and commonly threaten public safety and social development. Today, fire is a common catastrophic problem faced by people all over the world. Human beings can use and control fire, which is an important symbol of civilization progress. The importance of firefighting work is self-evident. Fire prevention and fire hazard reduction are two important tasks of firefighting work, so the development of effective fire prevention and efficient and rapid fire extinguishing technology is very valuable. the

At present, fire extinguishing mainly adopts three separate or combined forms of covering fire extinguishing and cooling fire extinguishing and diluting or isolating air, which are mainly based on isolating air and covering the burning area. Existing fire extinguishing actually achieves the purpose of quickly terminating the oxidation reaction and extinguishing the flame by reducing the temperature or concentration or reducing contact. the

Although the large-scale fire-fighting equipment used to extinguish the fire has a large water pressure and water volume, the atomization effect is poor, the spraying area is small, and the water consumption is large. It is often difficult to be effective for large-scale fires, often causing major personal and property losses and social panic. Therefore, it is of great significance to study high-efficiency water-saving fire extinguishing equipment that can instantly extinguish large fires. the

Artificial rainfall is based on the physical characteristics of different cloud layers, and at the right time, airplanes and rockets are used to sow catalysts such as dry ice, silver iodide, and salt powder into the clouds to make the clouds rain or increase the amount of precipitation, so as to relieve or alleviate farmland drought and increase reservoir irrigation. Water volume or water supply capacity, or increasing water volume for power generation, etc. the

At present, artificial rainfall mainly uses methods such as cold cloud catalysis, warm cloud catalysis, and dynamic catalysis. The catalysts used mainly include dry ice, silver iodide, and salt powder, etc., which have problems such as high energy consumption, harsh climate and cloud conditions, and high cost. the

Contents of the invention

To sum up, the application requirements of sufficient atomization of liquids are extensive, and there are bottlenecks in the technology, which is challenging. The kinetic energy loss of various fixed atomizing nozzles is large, and the atomization effect is not ideal. Although there are also rotary watering nozzles, they have not been used in other fields due to their low speed or unoptimized nozzle design and poor atomization effect. Although the use of high-speed rotation of the motor can improve the dispersion effect, there are many problems such as high cost, complex structure, high energy consumption, and limited application range, so it is difficult to popularize. the

It should be pointed out that the kinetic energy of fluid under pressure when it is ejected from a container or pipeline has not been paid attention to and well utilized. In the research and development of high-efficiency nozzles, we found that the nozzles are divided into two parts: the fixed part and the available nozzles connected by bearings to promote high-speed rotation. It can be easily converted into rotational energy, and can effectively avoid the loss of kinetic energy, and convert it into fully atomized surface energy to the greatest extent. This new type of rotary nozzle can generate high-speed rotation by taking advantage of the reaction force and small resistance when the fluid is sprayed to the outside. The rotation speed in liquid or air can range from hundreds to tens of thousands of times per minute. High-speed rotating air and liquid flow It can not only drive the surrounding gas and liquid to rotate, but also greatly promote the friction between the dispersion fluid and the medium, and strengthen the atomization or dispersion effect. Adding swirl vanes to the rotary nozzle can further enhance the swirl effect of the system. Three-hole jet rotary nozzle (the preferred structure of multiple three-hole jet rotary nozzles shown in accompanying drawing 1～accompanying drawing 9) or bullet-shaped porous jet nozzle (the preferred structure of bullet-shaped porous jet nozzle shown in accompanying drawing 10) can overcome The disadvantages of the existing nozzles are to achieve long distance, wide range, full atomization, large area coverage, and more uniform distribution of water mist in the radial and circumferential directions. Through the adjustment of the hole shape, size and angle, flow rate and water pressure of the central nozzle, the rotating water mist can reach a distance of tens of meters, and it can float farther with the wind; The reaction force can drive the nozzle to rotate at a high speed, which can greatly expand the effective atomization area of the droplets. The atomization design and high-speed rotation of the middle nozzle just overcome the hollowing of the existing nozzle, improve the uniformity, and more effectively ensure a wide range of coverage. , and more importantly, it has become a large-scale, long-distance, power source that generates continuous swirl, and exerts the effect of the "eye of the wind" of the tornado. Adjusting the horizontal angle of the rotating nozzle, changing the structure of the nozzle and the pressure and flow of the liquid can easily control the size and distribution range of the water mist, and adapt to the needs of different situations. the

A typical and valuable practical application of desulfurization and dust removal: the high-temperature hot flue gas without desulfurization and dust removal treatment is introduced into the purification tower by swirl plate or tangential feeding method, so that the gas rotates along the horizontal tangential direction and spirally rises. The first type of gas swirl is formed, but the effect is limited (the gas velocity only doubles, about 10m/s); using an atomizing rotary nozzle or a combined nozzle with fan blades near the flue gas inlet can greatly strengthen The swirl velocity of the flue gas (gas velocity increases by 3 to 5 times, up to about 35m/s). Apparently, the reaction force generated when the circulation fluid obtained momentum from the circulation pump is ejected from the nozzle pushes the movable nozzle to rotate at a high speed, and at the same time effectively drives the rotation of the airflow. It proves that the atomizing rotary nozzle can convert the energy of the fluid into the kinetic energy that drives the nozzle and the stream to rotate, and the surface energy that promotes the further dispersion of the droplets, which becomes the second swirl driving force; the atomizing nozzle that can rotate at a high speed with a small flow rate It can greatly increase the chance of gas-liquid contact in a very short time, so that the water mist vaporizes and the flue gas cools down quickly, and the volume drops suddenly to form a negative pressure, generating the third swirling force. The kinetic energy of the gas itself, the kinetic energy generated by the liquid's rotation, and the effective energy generated by the volume shrinkage promote the directional swirl movement of the fluid stronger, faster, and with a wider range of action, which can produce a rapid swirl effect similar to a tornado, and along the The tower body spirals up quickly, changing from the overall upward movement direction to the spiral upward movement. The rotating nozzle plays the role of forming a negative pressure and promoting the tornado eye of the swirling flow, which can better convert the energy of the system itself into effective energy and strengthen the process. Mix to improve the mass and heat transfer effect. The entrained dust, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide have more chances to fully contact and react with the weak alkaline water suspended in the system and atomized under the driving force of its own power and rotation or to be captured. The humid environment and weak alkaline water mist It can significantly eliminate static electricity in the system, and enhance the effect of capturing and settling dust and harmful gases. The fast-moving gas-liquid swirl accelerates and promotes the accumulation of heavy dust and liquid toward the wall, which can significantly enhance the effect of fog and dust removal and greatly reduce entrainment. In addition, the flue gas rich in water vapor will be cooled into secondary water mist during the rotation and cooling process, which can also assist dust suction and be effectively separated. The rotary spray device with multi-tower series, multi-position and reasonable configuration in the up and down directions can further ensure the effect. Other systems with obvious volume shrinkage or significant pressure difference, which can form a peripheral pressure higher than the central pressure and sustain a large flow of supplementary gas, can also induce the formation of a large-scale and long-distance strong swirl similar to a tornado along the radial or axial direction; The dust solids and liquid droplets entrained in the flue gas can be quickly separated with the help of dozens of times the centrifugal force. Pollutants such as sulfur dioxide can also be fully contacted and reacted with dilute alkaline water to be captured. The swirling spray as the core The cyclone purification tower device can greatly improve the flue gas treatment capacity and dust removal and desulfurization effect, and can make the coal-fired boiler meet or exceed the emission standard of the gas-fired boiler (the emission concentration of SO ₂ and dust can be lower than 50mg/m ³ ) , the low-grade waste heat in the flue gas can be used for heating and cooling by means of the heat exchange jacket on the tower wall.

High-efficiency fire extinguishing application: From the in-depth analysis of the fire extinguishing process of the chemical industry, we can know that the water spray fire extinguishing mainly uses cooling, driving and diluting oxygen to prevent the combustion reaction and extinguish the flame. Obviously, the surface area of atomized water can be increased thousands of times, and the volume of vaporized water can be increased thousands of times. Therefore, fully atomizing water is the key to effectively increase the heat absorption and evaporation surface, and at the same time produce rapid heat absorption cooling and efficient suffocation effect. Therefore, the swirling atomization device with excellent atomization effect may cause a rapid drop in temperature and oxygen concentration in a large area of the fire scene, and at the same time, the water vapor generated by a large amount of heat absorption in an instant will cause the combustion zone to expand rapidly, resulting in rapid barrier and dilution of air. The effect of extinguishing smoke and fire. The invention well solves the key problems of uniform distribution in space, long-distance and large-area coverage of fast and efficient fire extinguishing. the

Application of artificial rainfall: At present, catalysts such as dry ice, silver iodide, and salt powder used in artificial rainfall must be sprayed by aircraft or launched by rockets. The cost is high, the cloud conditions are harsh, and the effect is unstable. The invention only needs to use water to achieve evenly distributed, long-distance, and large-area coverage of the swirl atomization effect, which can induce the rapid accumulation of dispersed water vapor in the cloud layer, form local low pressure, induce the use of the energy of the atmosphere itself, and form rainfall. The cost is low and the effect is remarkable. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 Single-bearing three-hole jet rotary nozzle 90° optimal structure 1-fan nozzle 2-wide-angle fan nozzle 3-rotary head 4-bearing 5-lock nut 6-pipe joint

Fig. 2 Optimum structure of single-bearing three-hole jet rotary nozzle at 45°

Figure 3 Optimum structure of single-bearing three-hole jet and double-needle atomizing nozzle

Figure 4 Optimum structure of single-bearing spiral atomizing rotary nozzle

Figure 5 Optimum structure of three-hole jet single-needle atomizing nozzle

Figure 6 Optimum structure of double-bearing three-hole jet rotary nozzle 1-fan nozzle 2-rotary head 3-wide-angle fan nozzle 4-circlip 5-sealing ring 6-thrust bearing 7-bearing sleeve 8-screw 9-joint 10-screw 11 -fasten the screw nut

Figure 7. Optimal structure of three-bearing three-hole jet rotary nozzle 1-fan nozzle 2-rotary head 3-wide-angle fan nozzle 4-circlip 5-deep groove ball bearing 6-thrust bearing 7-bearing spacer 8-bearing seat 9-screw 10-lock nut 11-screw 12-pipe joint connection nut

Fig. 8 Optimum structure of three-hole jet rotary nozzle with fan blades 1-fan-shaped nozzle 2-rotary head 3-wide-angle fan-shaped nozzle 4-circlip 5-deep groove ball bearing 6-thrust bearing 7-bearing spacer 8-bearing seat 9- Screw 10-lock nut 11-screw 12-pipe joint connection nut 13-blade 14-lock nut

Figure 9 Optimum structure of three-hole jet rotary nozzle with fan blades 1-fan-shaped nozzle 2-rotary head 3-wide-angle fan-shaped nozzle 4-circlip 5-deep groove ball bearing 6-thrust bearing 7-bearing spacer 8-bearing seat 9- Screw 10-lock nut 11-screw 12-pipe joint connection nut 13-blade 14-lock nut

Figure 10 Optimum structure of bullet-shaped rotary nozzle

Figure 11 Optimum structure of single-arm single-nozzle rotary nozzle

Figure 12 Optimum structure of single-arm double-nozzle rotary nozzle

Figure 13 Optimum structure of single-arm double-nozzle single-spiral rotary nozzle

Figure 14 Optimum structure of double-layer multi-nozzle rotary nozzle

Figure 15 Optimum structure of four-nozzle rotary nozzle

Figure 16 The flow rate of the three-hole jet rotary nozzle under different pressures

Figure 17 Radial water volume distribution of the three-hole jet rotary nozzle when spraying downward and upward under the pressure of 3 kg

Figure 18 Radial water volume distribution of the three-hole jet rotary nozzle (45°) when spraying downwards and upwards under a pressure of 3 kg

Figure 19 Radial water volume distribution of 90° three-hole double-needle jet rotary nozzle for downspray and upspray under 3 kg pressure

Figure 20 Radial water volume distribution of single spiral mixing nozzle when spraying downward and upward under 3 kg pressure

Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the position of the wind speed test point 1-side point 2-1/2 center point 3-center point 4-1/2 center point 5-side

Detailed ways

Can further understand the present invention by the embodiment of the present invention that provides below, following embodiment is only several specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, all utilize this method or scheme to carry out the present invention Any non-substantial changes shall belong to the act of violating the protection scope of the present invention. In the following examples, the nozzles are all rotary nozzles with a design flow parameter of 0.3MPa (3 kg) and a flow rate of 3m ³ /h, wherein the wide-angle fan-shaped nozzles have a spray angle of 75°, and the fan-shaped nozzles have a spray angle of 60°. The main channel diameter is 2mm.

1. Measurement of rotational speed and flow rate of the rotary nozzle under different pressures

Embodiment 1: The flow rate of the three-hole jet rotary nozzle under different pressures

Install a three-hole jet rotary nozzle on the test device with pressure gauge and water pump. The test uses tap water, and the nozzle water pressure is 0.05, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35MPa. Use a special water tank and a weighing device to collect and weigh the water, and the water spraying time is 2 minutes each time. Measure the flow rate of the nozzle under different pressures, as shown in Figure 16. the

The experimental results show that: the flow rate of the nozzle has a good linear relationship with the pressure, which can be adjusted according to the needs. the

Embodiment 2: Rotating speed of different nozzles under 3 kilograms of pressure

Install different rotating nozzles on the test device respectively. The test uses clean water. Under the same water pressure of 3 kg, the rotational speed of different nozzles is measured, as shown in Table 1. The experimental results show that under the same pressure of 3 kg, the rotation speed of various types of nozzles is greater than 2000r/min, among which the rotation speed of the spiral atomization rotary nozzle is the lowest at about 2018r/min, and the rotation speed of the three-hole jet rotary nozzle is the highest at 7991r/min min. The stability of the three-hole jet and double-needle atomizing nozzle is the best. the

Table 1 Rotation speed of different nozzles under 3 kg pressure

Embodiment 3: The rotating speed of different nozzles feeding air in the air medium

Air was introduced from the nozzle, and the rotational speeds of different nozzles under different pressures were tested in the air medium, as shown in Table 2. Under the pressure of 0.5 kg, the speed of the three-hole jet and double-needle atomizing nozzle is relatively high, and the maximum speed is 11132r/min. Under the same pressure, the rotational speed of the spiral atomizing rotary nozzle is relatively low. the

Table 2 Rotational speeds of air fed into air medium by different nozzles

2. Tests of water volume distribution, spray radius and longest spray distance of nozzles under different conditions

Example 4: Radial water distribution of different nozzles when spraying downwards and upwards

Analysis of the water volume distribution when the nozzle is sprayed downwards and upwards: the height of the nozzle is 2.5m from the ground, starting from the center directly below the nozzle, a row of water collection boxes (S=0.08m ² ) is placed radially, and it is opened under a pressure of 3 kg After 3 minutes from the nozzle, weigh the mass or volume of water collected in each water collection box at different distances (that is, the radial distance) from the center nozzle, and obtain the radial flow distribution such as spray density, effective spray radius, and the farthest spray distance situation, the results are shown in Figures 17-20.

As shown in Figure 17, the experimental results show that the droplets are mainly dispersed in the area with a diameter of about 2 meters when the 90° three-hole jet rotary nozzle is sprayed downward, and the droplets can be better dispersed in the area with a diameter of more than 5 meters when sprayed upward. within the area. Upward spray fire extinguishing can cover a larger area, reaching the maximum at a diameter of about 3 meters. Obviously, spraying upwards can make the atomized water cover a wider area. the

As shown in Figure 18, the experimental results show that the droplets of the 45° three-hole jet rotary nozzle are mainly dispersed in the area with a diameter of about 2 meters when spraying downward, and the droplets can be more widely dispersed in a diameter of about 4 meters when spraying upward. within the area. Obviously, the 45° three-hole jet rotary nozzle sprays upwards and sprays downwards, and the coverage is much larger and more uniform. the

As shown in Figure 19, the experimental results show that the droplet dispersion can be better improved when the 90° three-hole double-needle jet rotary nozzle sprays up and down, and the droplet can reach an area with a diameter of about 5 meters. The amount of spray in the area within 5 meters reaches the maximum at a diameter of about 2 meters. the

As shown in Figure 20, the experimental results show that the droplet dispersibility of the single-helical mixing rotary nozzle is also very good when spraying up and down, and the droplet can reach an area with a diameter of about 3 meters. The amount of spray is evenly distributed within a diameter of 3 meters. the

Embodiment 5: The spray radius and the farthest spray distance of different rotary nozzles under different pressures and spray states

Test method as described in embodiment 4, measure three-hole jet rotary nozzle (accompanying drawing 1), three-hole jet rotary nozzle 45 ° (accompanying drawing 2), spiral atomization rotary nozzle (accompanying drawing 2) under 2 kilograms and 3 kilograms of pressures Fig. 3), spray radius of three-hole jet two-needle atomizing nozzle (accompanying drawing 4), bullet-type rotating nozzle (accompanying drawing 10) when spraying from top to bottom, spray radius and spray height when spraying from bottom to top As well as the spray width and the farthest spray distance when spraying from the side. the

Table 3 The spray radius and the farthest spray distance of different types of rotary nozzles under different pressures and different spray states

Table 4 The spray radius and the farthest spray distance of existing types of nozzles under different pressures and different spray states

In order to further verify the effect of swirling atomization technology in a certain limited space, we also carried out a boiler chimney (stainless steel tower) with a diameter of 1200mm and a height of 10.5m. The gas velocity in the tower was measured and the sulfur dioxide removal effect was evaluated. 3. Evaluation of gas velocity and desulfurization effect in gas boiler flue gas tower

Embodiment 6: Measurement of gas velocity in the gas boiler flue gas tower (the distribution of test points in the tower is shown in Figure 21)

Test 1: No gas, only the induced draft fan (rated load 40HZ, induced air volume 51000-69000m3/h), the temperature inside the tower is 57°C at the top of the tower, and 76°C at the bottom of the tower, conduct a blank experiment, and the gas velocity in the tower at different test points As shown in Table 5, the tower diameter is 1.2m and the tower height is 10m. the

Table 5 Gas velocity at each point in the tower with the induced draft fan only

Test 2: Turn on the gas, the gas volume is 1176m ³ /h, turn on the blower (7600-15000m ³ /h) and the induced draft fan (40HZ, the induced air volume is 51000-69000m ³ /h), the temperature inside the tower is 146°C at the top of the tower, The bottom temperature is 156°C, the nozzle is not turned on, and the second set of blank experiments is carried out. The gas velocity in the tower at different test points is shown in Table 6.

Table 6 Gas velocity at each point under the condition of gas and blower without water spraying

Test 3: When the gas is turned on, the middle and lower nozzles are turned on, the water spray flow is 5.7-7.5m ³ /h in the middle, and 1.1-2.3m ³ /h in the lower part, both the induced draft fan and the blower are turned on, and the temperature is 43°C. The gas volume is 1138m ³ /h. The gas velocity in the tower at different test points is shown in Table 7.

Table 7 Gas velocity at each point under the condition of gas and blower on, middle and lower nozzles spraying water

Test 4: Fan blades are added to the nozzle (the fan blades are made of ABS engineering plastics, the number of blades is 3, and the radius is 375mm). Other conditions are the same as the above test 3. The air velocity in the tower under different test points is shown in Table 8 Show. the

Table 8 Air velocity in the tower at each point under the condition of adding fan blades to the nozzle

For the four different conditions of only opening the induced draft fan, adding gas, adding nozzles, and adding fan blades, the wind speeds of different wind directions are sorted out, as shown in Tables 9 to 12. the

Table 9 Wind speed measurement (downwind direction)

Table 10 Wind speed measurement (upwind direction)

Table 12 Wind speed measurement (left wind direction)

It can be clearly seen that in the downwind direction, the wind speed with the nozzle turned on is greater than that without the nozzle turned on, indicating that the gas swirl is turbulent. The wind speed of nozzles with fan blades is higher than that of nozzles without fan blades, and the maximum can reach 22.5m/s. The wind speed in the right wind direction, which is consistent with the direction of the swirl, is greater than the wind speed in the left wind direction, which further explains the effect of the swirl. the

Example 7: Evaluation of desulfurization and dust removal effect of coal-fired boiler flue gas

Double alkali dust removal and desulfurization experiment. The relevant conditions and results are as follows: the flue gas flow rate is 55000Nm ³ /h, the flue gas temperature is 180°C, and the inlet SO ₂ concentration is 2000mg/Nm ³ . The diameter of the tower is 1.2m, the height of the tower is 9m, the ratio of liquid to gas is 2/1000, and the desulfurization liquid is a mixture of saturated lime water and 1% sodium hydroxide. Before transformation, the desulfurization efficiency was 90%, and the outlet sulfur content was 400mg/Nm ³ . After transformation, the desulfurization rate can reach about 99%, the outlet sulfur content is less than 50mg/Nm ³ , and the dust content can be reduced to 10mg/Nm ³ , which fully proves that the rotation The swirl tower with the nozzle as the core component can efficiently desulfurize and remove dust, and can make the emission concentration of sulfur dioxide and dust after the flue gas purification of coal-fired boilers lower than the exhaust gas emission standards of gas-fired boilers, which is of great significance to haze control.

Table 13 Evaluation of desulfurization and dust removal effect of coal-fired boiler flue gas

Embodiment 8: be applied to the effect evaluation of fire extinguishing

According to the fire extinguishing standard test method in the national automatic sprinkler system (GB5135-2006): the size of the wooden pile (500*500*380mm), is composed of 10 layers of fir that are orthogonal to each other, and each layer is 5, evenly distributed, Wood strip size (38*38*500mm), dried to a humidity of 6-12%, weighed. The wooden stack is placed on a steel oil pan, and an appropriate amount of water in the pan is >15mm, and 200mL of gasoline is poured into it. The nozzle is 2.5m directly above the wood stack. 2min pre-combustion, turn on the nozzle after the gasoline is burned, test for 10min from the ignition, turn off the nozzle, if the wood pile is not extinguished, carefully extinguish the wood pile, dry until the humidity is 6-12%, weigh it, and calculate the mass loss. The changes of PM10 and PM2.5 before and after fire extinguishing were monitored at 6m downwind. the

Using the three-hole jet rotary nozzle (accompanying drawing 2), the first result is as follows: under the pressure of 2 kg, it only takes 10 seconds to extinguish the wood flame that has been ignited for 2 minutes with 200ml of gasoline, and the water consumption is 6.25L, and the smoke is all When extinguished for 70 seconds, the average mass loss of the wood crib is 8.6%. the

Using the three-hole jet rotary nozzle (attached figure 2), the second result is as follows: Spray under 2 kg of pressure, extinguish the wood flame that has been ignited for 2 minutes with 200ml gasoline, only 8 seconds, consume 5L of water, and the smoke is completely extinguished Taking 70 seconds, the average mass loss of the wood stack was 5.9%. the

As mentioned above, using the three-hole jet and double-needle atomizing nozzle at 45°, the results are as follows: It takes only 6 seconds to extinguish a wood flame that has been ignited for 2 minutes with 200ml gasoline under a pressure of 2 kg, and consumes less water. 3.75L, when the smoke is completely extinguished in 40 seconds, the average mass loss of the wood stack is 6.4%. the

As mentioned above, the wood pile fire extinguishing experiment method used the existing sprinkler head. As a result, under the pressure of 2 kg, the wood flame that had been ignited for 2 minutes with 200ml gasoline was not extinguished within 10 minutes, and the water consumption was 1626.1L. The average mass loss of wood stacks was 19.7%. the

Claims (8)

1. the present invention relates to structure and the application of a class New-type Swirl Flow sprayer unit and core component rotary-atomizing shower nozzle thereof.The design feature of rotary nozzle is the top of connecting band hydraulic fluid is fixing, bottom is connected with top by bearing by one or more nozzle or spray orifice, and pressurized fluid part kinetic energy forms reaction force and promotes shower nozzle whole bottom High Rotation Speed when spraying from nozzle.Simultaneously, major part kinetic energy is being clashed into nozzle inclined-plane or R-joining or is effectively being converted into the surface energy promoting atomization of water current by hole, formation is atomized on a large scale and disperses and eddy flow system, can significantly conduct heat, mix dispersion separation and reaction effect by mass transfer enhancement, can be widely used in every field.

2. eddy flow dispersal device according to claim 1, the principal character of the rotary nozzle of core component is the nozzle connected successively, swivel head, bearing, pipe joint, securing member, nozzle variant or can also be that stirring vane is sprayed at rotation part connection flabellum or paddle by keeper as required; Wherein nozzle is fixed in swivel head, and swivel head is connected with bearing and nozzle, and bearing connects swivel head and pipe joint, and keeper carries out axis and radial location to bearing; Rotary nozzle and each parts can adopt metal or non-metallic material.

3. eddy flow dispersal device according to claim 1, swivel head is connected with bearing and nozzle, connected mode can adopt be threaded, the various fixed form such as welding, runner mouth design size is as required established in swivel head, have one or more hole or screwed hole for connecting nozzle, bearing can adopt one or more deep groove ball bearing to combinationally use, and one or more deep groove ball bearing and axial thrust bearing also can be adopted to combinationally use.

4. swirl-spray device according to claim 1, rotary nozzle wherein can be the various structures form such as bullet-headed, olive shape, circle, square, long column shape, transverse tube shape.The nozzle of rotary nozzle, it can be the independent nozzle that rotation is provided, can be one or more combinations that the nozzle of rotation and one or more top jet nozzle are provided, adopt non-porous structure or by spray nozzle clogging but retain provide the form of swivel nozzle also to belong to scope of patent protection; Nozzle and spray-hole do not limit to a number or amount, but perforated area summation is no more than the cross-sectional area of pipe in principle; Nozzle setting angle and/or injection direction can be arbitrarily angled, and spray pattern can be pore spraying, atomizer, little liquid stream spray or its combination, rationally can determine spray angle according to the specific requirement of rotary speed and system.Wherein preferred three hole jet nozzle 45° angle rotary nozzles, three hole jet crosspointer nozzle 90 ° of angle atomizers all have very large nebulization region and good atomizing effect.

5. according to claim 1, rotary nozzle is alone or in combination in still, tower, tank, or be connected to pressurized fluid carrier pipe or band setting-out ~ gas and vapor permeation container etc., rotary nozzle in multiple position, organize installation more, be placed in gas phase or/and the swirl-spray device of liquid phase.Can preferably fix upper end during use, lower end rotates, and needs can be used alone, also can combinationally use with fan or blade for different system.In eddy flow purifying column, the rotary nozzle of upwards spraying near waste gas inlet tower bottom and the rotary nozzle in the middle part of tower have better eddy flow effect.Therefore the various use needed in the extensive system of strengthening effect such as liquid phase mixing, dedusting fire extinguishing is carried out in pollutant removal lifting, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, the replacement mechanical agitation such as dust-removal and desulfurizing of flue gas.

6. swirl-spray device according to claim 1, rotary nozzle is used for directly being connected with being with the fluid foods of pressure or pumping material, shower nozzle transformation is carried out to agricultural atomizer, water pipe etc., be lifted at various decreasing temperature and increasing humidity, effectively eliminate the modifying device of the result of use of the atmosphere pollutions such as PM2.5.Device can regulate pressure and flow as required, improves rotating speed and atomizing effect, can add pump if desired.

7. eddy flow dispersal device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is simple, by force general that eddy flow dispersal device has structure, rotary nozzle relates to mixing or/and reaction or/and to be separated etc. in the various devices of process intensification is applied in gas phase, liquid phase, gas-liquid, gas-particle two-phase and gas liquid particle three phase system.

8. eddy flow dispersal device according to claim 1, can carry out artificial Local delivery to air, to be applicable in indoor, institute, in community, in street atmospheric cleaning among a small circle or rain making.