CN104674096A - Casted high-wear-resistance industrial cutter for metal cutting - Google Patents
Casted high-wear-resistance industrial cutter for metal cutting Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 35
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102100023774 Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101000906744 Homo sapiens Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
一种铸造金属切削高耐磨工业刀具，由以下重量百分比的组分组成：碳化铌40-70％、碳化铬5-15％、氮化钛5-15％、氮化硼0.1-5％、碳粉1-10％、成型剂5-20％、氧化铝0.2-0.5％、煅烧高岭土0.2-0.4％、钨酸盐0.05-0.1％、重稀土0.1-0.6％、氧化锆0.1-0.3％；本发明制备的刀具，其硬度高、耐磨性好，其热稳定性、导热性、耐蚀性、抗氧化性以及高温硬度、高温强度等都有明显优势；其可在高温下连续快速切削，切削时摩擦力小，切割更锋利、切口更整齐、无毛刺，用于切削加工生产，能够极大地提高切削速度，进而提高生产效率；其不仅能够加工各种难以切削的材料，加工准确、产品精度高，且由于其制作材料安全环保，用于食品及药品切割更安全放心，有利于环保。A cast metal cutting high wear-resistant industrial cutting tool is composed of the following components in weight percent: 40-70% of niobium carbide, 5-15% of chromium carbide, 5-15% of titanium nitride, 0.1-5% of boron nitride, Carbon powder 1-10%, molding agent 5-20%, alumina 0.2-0.5%, calcined kaolin 0.2-0.4%, tungstate 0.05-0.1%, heavy rare earth 0.1-0.6%, zirconia 0.1-0.3%; The cutting tool prepared by the present invention has high hardness and good wear resistance, and has obvious advantages in thermal stability, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high-temperature hardness, and high-temperature strength; it can continuously and rapidly cut at high temperature , the friction force is small when cutting, the cutting is sharper, the cut is more neat, and there are no burrs. It is used in cutting production, which can greatly increase the cutting speed and thus improve the production efficiency; it can not only process various difficult-to-cut materials, but also accurately and efficiently The product has high precision, and because its production materials are safe and environmentally friendly, it is safer and more reliable for cutting food and medicine, and is conducive to environmental protection.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及刀具技术领域，具体涉及一种铸造金属切削高耐磨工业刀具及其制备工艺。The invention relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a cast metal cutting high wear-resistant industrial cutting tool and a preparation process thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着人类生活水平的不断提高，对资源的需求也不断增长，而资源的作业成本以及在愈加困难的岩层中开辟所带来的新问题，带来了对刀具的抵抗破裂和疲劳断裂的强度、韧性和耐磨性等各方面越来越高的要求，由此，对具有高硬度又具有高强度的耐磨材料以及新部件、新刀具，适应极端条件下的刀具提出了更高的要求，传统的硬质合金由于强度和硬度高、耐磨性好、红硬性好、热膨胀系数小、弹性模量高以及化学稳定性好等一系列优良性能，其广泛应用于各种刀具上。With the continuous improvement of human living standards, the demand for resources is also increasing, and the operating costs of resources and new problems brought about by opening up in increasingly difficult rock formations have brought about the strength of the tool's resistance to fracture and fatigue fracture. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward for wear-resistant materials with high hardness and high strength, new parts, new tools, and tools suitable for extreme conditions. , Traditional cemented carbide is widely used in various cutting tools due to a series of excellent properties such as high strength and hardness, good wear resistance, good red hardness, small thermal expansion coefficient, high elastic modulus and good chemical stability.
切削加工是机械加工中最基本、最可靠的加工手段，而刀具的性能是影响切削加工效率、精度、表面质量等的决定性因素之一。刀具材料经历了碳素工具钢、高速钢、硬质合金、陶瓷及超硬材料等几个发展阶段。根据CIRP的资料，由于刀具材料的改进，加工时允许的切削速度几乎每隔10年即提高1倍。在现代化的加工过程中，提高加工效率的最有效方法仍然是采用高速切削加工技术。传统刀具因其局限性已无法胜任现代科技发展所需要的各种高强、高硬及高速工程材料的切削加工，而陶瓷刀具则以其优异的耐热性、耐磨性和化学稳定性，在高速切削领域和切削难加工材料方面显示了传统刀具无法比拟的优势。Cutting is the most basic and reliable processing method in mechanical processing, and the performance of cutting tools is one of the decisive factors affecting the efficiency, precision and surface quality of cutting processing. Tool materials have gone through several development stages such as carbon tool steel, high-speed steel, cemented carbide, ceramics and superhard materials. According to CIRP data, due to the improvement of tool materials, the allowable cutting speed during processing doubles almost every 10 years. In the modern processing process, the most effective way to improve processing efficiency is still to adopt high-speed cutting processing technology. Due to its limitations, traditional cutting tools are no longer suitable for the cutting of various high-strength, high-hard and high-speed engineering materials required by the development of modern science and technology, while ceramic cutting tools are used for their excellent heat resistance, wear resistance and chemical stability. In the field of high-speed cutting and cutting difficult-to-machine materials, it has shown advantages that traditional tools cannot match.
目前国内市场上陶瓷刀具主要有两大类：氧化铝基和氮化硅基陶瓷刀具。与别的刀具材料相比，陶瓷刀具最显著的缺点就是断裂韧性不足，抗弯强度和抗热冲击性能较差，当切削温度发生显着变化时，容易产生裂纹。作为评价其抗破损能力的重要指标之一，陶瓷刀具需要通过适当手段提高其硬度、抗弯强度及断裂韧性，而在进行铣、刨、镗削及其他断续加工时，刀片材料的断裂韧性更为重要。At present, there are two main types of ceramic knives in the domestic market: alumina-based and silicon nitride-based ceramic knives. Compared with other tool materials, the most obvious disadvantages of ceramic tools are insufficient fracture toughness, poor bending strength and thermal shock resistance, and cracks are prone to occur when the cutting temperature changes significantly. As one of the important indicators to evaluate its breakage resistance, ceramic tools need to improve their hardness, bending strength and fracture toughness through appropriate means, and when milling, planing, boring and other intermittent processing, the fracture toughness of the blade material more important.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种强度好，制备方法简单易行的铸造金属切削高耐磨工业刀具。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cast metal cutting high wear-resistant industrial tool with good strength and simple and easy preparation method.
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：The technical problem to be solved by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:
一种铸造金属切削高耐磨工业刀具，由以下重量百分比的组分组成，A cast metal cutting high wear-resistant industrial cutting tool is composed of the following components by weight percentage,
所述的成型剂为硬质合金成型剂。The molding agent is a cemented carbide molding agent.
所述硬质合金成型剂为硬质合金成型剂SD-A。The cemented carbide forming agent is cemented carbide forming agent SD-A.
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种铸造金属切削高耐磨工业刀具的制备方法，步骤如下：Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing cast metal cutting high wear-resistant industrial cutting tools, the steps are as follows:
1)按组分中各原料的重量配比称取原料，把原料混合均匀制成坯料待用；1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio of each raw material in the component, mixing the raw materials evenly to make a billet for use;
2)在坯料中加入酒精，按重量比计，坯料和酒精按1.2:2.1比例添加，并在研磨机中研磨6小时，将坯料与酒精彻底混合后制成混合料；2) Add alcohol to the billet, by weight, the billet and alcohol are added in a ratio of 1.2:2.1, and grind in a grinder for 6 hours, thoroughly mix the billet and alcohol to make a mixture;
3)将混合料放入容器中沉淀2小时，把上面澄清的酒精提去；3) Put the mixed material into the container for precipitation for 2 hours, and remove the clarified alcohol above;
4)把步骤3)中的混合料放入干燥柜干燥，把混合料中的剩余酒精挥发掉，使混合料成粉状料；4) Put the mixture in step 3) into a drying cabinet for drying, and volatilize the remaining alcohol in the mixture to make the mixture into a powder;
5)将粉状料过130目筛后加入成型剂进行混合，制成造型料；5) Pass the powdery material through a 130-mesh sieve and add a molding agent for mixing to make a molding material;
6)将造型料放入模具压制成型，并在模型表面加入防粘涂料高钴后放入真空加压烧结炉，炉内抽真空，加热1.5小时，加热至700℃，把硬质合金成型剂燃烧抽出；6) Put the molding material into the mold for compression molding, and add anti-stick coating high cobalt on the surface of the model, then put it into a vacuum pressurized sintering furnace, evacuate the furnace, heat it for 1.5 hours, and heat it to 700 ° C, put the cemented carbide molding agent burn out;
7)加热完成后保温20分钟，再加温至1200℃，时间控制在1.5-2小时，进入固项成型阶段，固项成型后保温15分钟，再加温至1470℃，时间控制在1小时，进入液项致密化阶段，液项致密化完成后再保温20分钟后进行自动降温(需14小时)至100℃以下，开炉取出产品，利用磨床精密加工成产品。7) Keep warm for 20 minutes after heating, then heat to 1200°C, the time is controlled within 1.5-2 hours, enter the solid item forming stage, keep warm for 15 minutes after the solid item is formed, and then heat to 1470°C, the time is controlled within 1 hour , enter the stage of densification of the liquid item, after the densification of the liquid item is completed, keep warm for 20 minutes and then automatically cool down (it takes 14 hours) to below 100°C, open the furnace to take out the product, and use a grinding machine to precisely process it into a product.
所述高钴的质量含量在15％以上。The mass content of the high cobalt is above 15%.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明制作工艺简单易实现，且其生产效率高，良品率高，有利于大规模机械化生产，制备的刀具，其硬度高、耐磨性好，其热稳定性、导热性、耐蚀性、抗氧化性以及高温硬度、高温强度等都有明显优势；其可在高温下连续快速切削，切削时摩擦力小，切割更锋利、切口更整齐、无毛刺，用于切削加工生产，能够极大地提高切削速度，进而提高生产效率。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the manufacturing process of the present invention is simple and easy to realize, and its production efficiency is high, and the yield rate is high, which is beneficial to large-scale mechanized production. The prepared cutter has high hardness, good wear resistance, thermal stability, It has obvious advantages in thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high temperature hardness, and high temperature strength; it can be cut continuously and rapidly at high temperature, with low friction during cutting, sharper cutting, more neat cuts, and no burrs. Cutting production can greatly increase the cutting speed, thereby improving production efficiency.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
一种铸造金属切削高耐磨工业刀具，由以下重量百分比的组分组成，A cast metal cutting high wear-resistant industrial cutting tool is composed of the following components by weight percentage,
所述硬质合金成型剂为硬质合金成型剂SD-A；The cemented carbide forming agent is a cemented carbide forming agent SD-A;
制备方法如下：The preparation method is as follows:
1)按组分中各原料的重量配比称取原料，把原料混合均匀制成坯料待用；1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio of each raw material in the component, mixing the raw materials evenly to make a billet for use;
2)在坯料中加入酒精，按重量比计，坯料和酒精按1.2:2.1比例添加，并在研磨机中研磨6小时，将坯料与酒精彻底混合后制成混合料；2) Add alcohol to the billet, by weight, the billet and alcohol are added in a ratio of 1.2:2.1, and grind in a grinder for 6 hours, thoroughly mix the billet and alcohol to make a mixture;
3)将混合料放入容器中沉淀2小时，把上面澄清的酒精提去；3) Put the mixed material into the container for precipitation for 2 hours, and remove the clarified alcohol above;
4)把步骤3)中的混合料放入干燥柜干燥，把混合料中的剩余酒精挥发掉，使混合料成粉状料；4) Put the mixture in step 3) into a drying cabinet for drying, and volatilize the remaining alcohol in the mixture to make the mixture into a powder;
5)将粉状料过130目筛后加入成型剂进行混合，制成造型料；5) Pass the powdery material through a 130-mesh sieve and add a molding agent for mixing to make a molding material;
6)将造型料放入模具压制成型，并在模型表面加入防粘涂料高钴后放入真空加压烧结炉，炉内抽真空，加热1.5小时，加热至700℃，把硬质合金成型剂燃烧抽出；6) Put the molding material into the mold for compression molding, and add anti-stick coating high cobalt on the surface of the model, then put it into a vacuum pressurized sintering furnace, evacuate the furnace, heat it for 1.5 hours, and heat it to 700 ° C, put the cemented carbide molding agent burn out;
7)加热完成后保温20分钟，再加温至1200℃，时间控制在1.5-2小时，进入固项成型阶段，固项成型后保温15分钟，再加温至1470℃，时间控制在1小时，进入液项致密化阶段，液项致密化完成后再保温20分钟后进行自动降温(需14小时)至100℃以下，开炉取出产品，利用磨床精密加工成产品。7) Keep warm for 20 minutes after heating, then heat to 1200°C, the time is controlled within 1.5-2 hours, enter the solid item forming stage, keep warm for 15 minutes after the solid item is formed, and then heat to 1470°C, the time is controlled within 1 hour , enter the stage of densification of the liquid item, after the densification of the liquid item is completed, keep warm for 20 minutes and then automatically cool down (it takes 14 hours) to below 100°C, open the furnace to take out the product, and use a grinding machine to precisely process it into a product.
所述高钴的质量含量在15％以上。The mass content of the high cobalt is above 15%.
本发明制备的刀具抗弯强度1000Mpa，断裂韧性为8J·cm-2，硬度(HPA)为120。The bending strength of the tool prepared by the invention is 1000Mpa, the fracture toughness is 8J·cm -2 , and the hardness (HPA) is 120.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5928542A (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1984-02-15 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Manufacturing method of sintered hard material for cutting tools |
| US5690889A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-11-25 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Production method for making rare earth compounds |
| CN103060652A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-04-24 | 地质矿产部无锡钻探工具厂 | High-temperature-resistant alloy and production process thereof |
| CN103695751A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-04-02 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Novel powder metallurgy alloy cutting tool and preparation method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-02-11 CN CN201510072665.8A patent/CN104674096B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5928542A (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1984-02-15 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Manufacturing method of sintered hard material for cutting tools |
| US5690889A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-11-25 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Production method for making rare earth compounds |
| CN103060652A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-04-24 | 地质矿产部无锡钻探工具厂 | High-temperature-resistant alloy and production process thereof |
| CN103695751A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-04-02 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Novel powder metallurgy alloy cutting tool and preparation method thereof |
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