CN104654836B - Shell and tube heat-exchanger rig - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tube-and-tube heat exchange device, which aims to provide a heat exchange device that can effectively realize the heat exchange between two liquids, has the ability to compensate for temperature difference, and can prevent excessive stress caused by temperature difference between the shell and the heat exchange tube. resulting in damaged heat exchangers. It includes the tube part, the shell part, and several supports. The tube part includes the tube inlet tube, the tube outlet tube, and multiple heat exchange tubes. The shell part includes the outer shell of the heat exchanger, the shell inlet tube, and the shell side. Out of the tube, the outer shell of the heat exchanger is composed of a head, a shell head, and a tube box. There is a fixed tube plate between the shell head and the tube box, and a head tube plate is set between the head and the tube box. The flow plate divides the interior of the shell head into a tube-side flow-in cavity and a tube-side flow-out cavity, and expansion joints are arranged on the tube box. The beneficial effects of the invention are: the relatively easy deformation of the expansion joint, combined with the slidable head tube plate, can play a structural temperature difference compensation function, and avoid structural damage caused by excessive temperature difference stress.

Description

Shell and tube heat exchange device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical heat exchange, and in particular relates to a tube-and-tube heat exchange device.

Background technique

Heat exchangers are process equipment for heat transfer and are widely used in oil refining, petrochemical industries, and other general chemical industries. Examples include cooling, condensation, heating, evaporation, and waste heat recovery. Due to the diversity of use conditions (corrosion, temperature, pressure, medium, impurities, heat exchange capacity, etc.), heat exchangers also need to have a reasonable structure and form.

The shell and tube heat exchanger (shell and tube heat exchanger) is one of the most widely used heat transfer equipment at present. It exchanges heat between two liquids in the following way: one liquid flows through the shell, and , another liquid flows through the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange is performed inside and outside the heat exchange tube, so as to realize its function.

Although the current tube-and-tube heat exchanger can achieve heat exchange function well, in practical applications, there is often a situation where the temperature difference between the shell wall and the tube wall is large (due to factors such as the large temperature difference between the two liquids), As a result, the thermal elongation of the shell and the heat exchange tube is significantly different, which will generate a considerable temperature difference stress between the shell and the heat exchange tube and the extrusion destructive force between the structures, resulting in serious damage to the equipment.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a method that can effectively realize the heat exchange between the two liquids, and has structural temperature difference compensation capability during the working process, which can prevent the shell and the heat exchange tube from being damaged due to the temperature difference. Heat exchangers that are structurally damaged due to excessive stress.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A tube-and-tube heat exchange device, including a tube-side part, a shell-side part, and several brackets. The tube-side part includes a tube-side inlet tube, a tube-side outlet tube, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes. The shell-side part It includes a horizontal heat exchanger outer shell, shell-side inlet pipes, and shell-side outlet pipes. The heat exchanger outer shell is composed of a head, a shell head, and a pipe box with ports at both ends. The shell A fixed tube sheet is provided between the head and the tube box, a head tube sheet is provided between the head and the tube box, and the two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the fixed tube sheet and the head tube sheet, The heat exchange tube is located in the tube box, one end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the inside of the head, and the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the inside of the shell head, and the tube side inlet tube and the tube side outlet tube are connected to On the shell head, the shell-side inlet pipe and the shell-side outlet pipe are all connected to the pipe box, and a tube-side flow divider divides the inside of the shell head into a tube-side inlet chamber connected with the tube-side inlet pipe, and a tube-side outlet chamber. The pipe-side outflow cavity connected by the pipe, the pipe box is provided with an expansion joint, the wall thickness of the expansion joint is smaller than the wall thickness of the pipe box, and the expansion joint divides the pipe box into two half-box sections, so The above-mentioned expansion joint includes two closing inclined ring plates and one outer sealing ring plate, and the two closing inclined ring plates are respectively connected to the two half-box sections, and the gap between the box walls of the two half-box sections is an expansion notch. The horizontal width of the expansion notch is smaller than the minimum horizontal distance between the two closed inclined ring plates, the closed closed inclined ring plate, the outer sealing ring plate, and the half box section are integrally formed, and the inside of the pipe box A shell-side partition is provided, and the length direction of the shell-side partition is parallel to the length direction of the tube box. One end of the shell-side partition is connected to the fixed tube sheet, and the other end of the shell-side partition is connected to the head tube sheet. The shell-side liquid passage port, the shell-side partition divides the inner space of the tube box into an upper half-shell side cavity and a lower half-shell side cavity, and the shell-side cavity is passed between the upper half-shell side cavity and the lower half-shell side cavity The process liquid port is connected, the shell side inlet pipe and the shell side outlet pipe are connected to the outer wall of the tube box away from the end of the head tube sheet, the shell side inlet pipe is directly connected to the upper half shell side cavity, and the shell side inlet pipe is directly connected to the upper half shell side cavity. The shell-side outlet pipe directly connects to the lower half-shell-side cavity, and the heat exchange tube is provided with at least one heat exchange copper sleeve, and the heat exchange copper sleeve is coaxial with the heat exchange tube connected to itself and clamped to each other , the heat exchange copper sleeve is in the shape of a ring, the ratio of the outer diameter of the heat exchange copper sleeve to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is greater than three, the head is provided with a guide impeller, and the guide The flow impeller includes a guide shaft and a number of guide vanes. The guide shaft is connected to the head in rotation. The guide shaft is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the heat exchange tube. The guide vanes are in the shape of a rectangular plate. The length direction of the guide vanes is parallel to the length direction of the guide shaft, the shell side inlet pipe is at the top of the pipe box, the liquid inlet direction of the shell side inlet pipe is from top to bottom, and the pipe box There is a liquid-blocking protective horizontal plate inside, the liquid inlet direction of the shell-side inlet pipe faces the liquid-blocking protective horizontal plate, and the liquid-blocking protective horizontal plate is connected to the lower end of the shell-side inlet pipe through a protective connecting plate.

As a preference, one end of the pipe box is provided with a stepped turn edge, the head is provided with a step turn edge, the step turn edge on the pipe box is sealed butted with the step turn edge on the head, and The neck tube is formed at the joint, and the neck tube is provided with a stuffing box tube attached to the inner wall of the neck tube. The caliber of the stuffing box tube is larger than the caliber of the tube box, and the head tube plate is located in the stuffing box tube. The head tube plate and the inner tube wall of the stuffing box tube are sealed and slidably connected to each other.

As a preference, the inner pipe wall of the stuffing box tube is provided with a packing oblique sealing ring, and the packing oblique sealing ring is located between the head tube sheet and the head, and the packing oblique sealing ring has an oblique sealing ring. The low end and the high end of the oblique seal, the high end of the oblique seal is in contact with the stepped edge of the head, and the low end of the oblique seal is in contact with the tube plate of the head.

As a preference, several baffles are arranged inside the tube box, and the baffles are perpendicular to the length direction of the tube box.

As a preference, an agitating impeller is provided in the inlet cavity of the tube side, and the agitating impeller includes a plurality of agitating blades, a rotating shaft connected to the shell head in rotation, one end of the rotating shaft extends into the wall of the shell head, and the other end of the rotating shaft is One end protrudes into the fixed tube sheet, and the liquid inlet direction of the tube-side inlet tube faces the agitating impeller.

As a preference, a flange is provided at the opening at the other end of the pipe box, and a flange is provided on the shell head, and the flange on the pipe box and the flange on the shell head are pressed against the On the two plate surfaces of the fixed tube sheet, the flanges on the tube box, the fixed tube sheet, and the flange on the shell head are fixed by bolts, and a number of miscellaneous storage pockets are also included, and the miscellaneous pockets include pockets body, pocket tube, the outer wall of the pocket tube is threadedly connected with the miscellaneous storage hole on the tube-side flow divider, the inlet of the pocket tube faces the agitating impeller, and the pocket tube is located in the tube-side inlet cavity, so The pocket body described above is in the outflow cavity of the tube side.

As a preference, the expansion joint is provided with an elastic water cooling jacket, an elastic water inlet pipe, and an elastic water outlet pipe. A water-cooling loop is formed between the expansion joint, and the end of the elastic water-cooling jacket close to the wall of the tube box is tightly sealed with the outer walls of the two oblique ring plates, and the elastic water inlet pipe is connected to a water inlet pipeline. The elastic water outlet pipe is connected to a water outlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline is connected to the cooling water supply pump.

As a preference, a feedback adjustment part is provided on the shell-side inlet pipe, the feedback adjustment part includes a feedback receiving valve and a feedback pipeline, and the feedback receiving valve includes a valve housing, an adjustment spring, and a sliding valve core. One end of the sliding spool is connected to one end of the adjustment spring, the other end of the sliding spool contacts the valve housing, and the other end of the adjustment spring contacts the valve housing, and the valve housing is connected to the inlet pipe at the shell side through two adjustment communication ports. In the above, the sliding spool separates the two adjustment communication ports, and the sliding spool is provided with a spool inner channel connecting the two adjustment communication ports. The inner diameter of the Chengjin pipe is the same, and a feedback port is provided on the valve housing where it contacts the sliding valve core. The feedback port is connected to one end of the feedback pipeline, and the other end of the feedback pipeline is connected to the water inlet pipeline.

The elastic water-cooling jacket is provided with a pair of bulging protruding rings with their heads facing the outer sealing ring plate. The tail ends of the bulging protruding rings are connected with the elastic water-cooling jacket. The elastic water-cooling jacket is a one-piece structure.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: it can effectively carry out the heat exchange of two liquids, and when the difference between the thermal elongation of the heat exchanger shell and the heat exchange tube is large, the relatively easy deformation of the expansion joint can be used to cooperate with the whole The elongation of the tube box is used to realize structural temperature difference compensation, avoiding structural damage caused by excessive temperature difference stress; at the same time, it also has a slidable head tube plate, which can slide laterally with the elongation of the heat exchange tube, and can also play a role. It has a structural temperature difference compensation function; it also has a stirring impeller structure, which can avoid the adhesion and accumulation of impurities, ensure smooth circulation in the heat exchange tube, and cooperate with the storage bag to realize the collection of large-volume impurities and prevent large impurities from affecting the liquid flow in the shell head. smoothness; there is a water-cooled pipeline for the expansion joint, which avoids the damage caused by the relatively poor rigidity and deformation of the expansion joint due to high temperature and high pressure; the water-cooled pipeline cooperates with the expansion joint to form a feedback system, when the internal pressure of the shell side When it is too large, it can feedback and automatically adjust the liquid intake to realize the dynamic protection of the overall structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the stirring impeller of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the neck tube of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the expansion joint of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the water outlet pipeline of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the feedback receiving valve of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the feedback port of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the inner structure of the pipe box of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the horizontal plate for liquid protection protection according to the present invention.

In the figure: bracket 1, tube inlet tube 2, tube side outlet tube 3, heat exchange tube 4, shell side inlet tube 5, shell side outlet tube 6, head 7, shell head 8, tube box 9, fixed tube sheet 10. Head tube plate 11, tube side flow partition plate 12, tube side inlet cavity 13, tube side outlet cavity 14, expansion joint 15, closed oblique ring plate 16, outer sealing ring plate 17, stepped edge 18, stuffing box Pipe 19, packing oblique sealing ring 20, baffle plate 21, stirring blade 22, rotating shaft 23, flange edge 24, pocket body 25, pocket pipe 26, elastic water cooling jacket 27, elastic water inlet pipe 28, elastic water outlet pipe 29, positioning Steel sleeve 30, water cooling ring 31, water inlet pipe 32, water outlet pipe 33, feedback receiving valve 34, feedback pipe 35, valve housing 36, adjustment spring 37, sliding valve core 38, adjustment connection port 39, inside the valve core Road 40, feedback port 41, bulging raised ring 42, shell side partition 43, shell side liquid inlet 44, upper half shell side cavity 45, lower half shell side cavity 46, heat exchange copper sleeve 47, flow guide shaft 48. Guide vane 49, liquid blocking protection horizontal plate 50, and protection connecting plate 51.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, and Fig. 9, a tube-and-tube heat exchange device includes a tube-side part, a shell-side part, several brackets 1, the tube side part includes the tube side inlet tube 2, the tube side outlet tube 3, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 4, and the shell side part includes the horizontal heat exchanger outer shell, the shell side The inlet pipe 5 and the shell-side outlet pipe 6, the heat exchanger outer shell is composed of a head 7, a shell head 8, and a pipe box 9 with openings at both ends. There is a fixed tube sheet 10, and a head tube sheet 11 is arranged between the head and the tube box. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the fixed tube sheet and the head tube sheet. The tube is in the tube box, one end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the inside of the head, and the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the inside of the shell head. The tube side inlet tube and the tube side outlet tube are connected to the shell head. The shell-side inlet pipe and shell-side outlet pipe described above are all connected to the tube box, and a tube-side flow divider 12 separates the inside of the shell head into a tube-side inlet chamber 13 communicated with the tube-side inlet pipe, and a tube-side outlet chamber communicated with the tube-side outlet pipe. Tube-side outflow cavity 14, said tube box is provided with expansion joint 15, said expansion joint wall thickness is smaller than tube box wall thickness, said expansion joint divides tube box into two half-box sections, said The expansion joint consists of two closing inclined ring plates 16 and one outer sealing ring plate 17. The two closing inclined ring plates are respectively connected to the two half-box sections. The gap between the box walls of the two half-box sections is an expansion notch. , the horizontal width of the expansion notch is smaller than the minimum horizontal distance between the two closed inclined ring plates, the closed closed inclined ring plate, the outer sealing ring plate, and the half box section are integrally formed, and the pipe box There is a shell-side partition 43 inside, and the length direction of the shell-side partition is parallel to the length direction of the tube box. One end of the shell-side partition is connected to the fixed tube sheet, and the other end of the shell-side partition is connected to the head tube sheet. A shell side liquid outlet 44 is formed between them, and the shell side partition divides the inner space of the tube box into an upper half shell side cavity 45 and a lower half shell side cavity 46, and the upper half shell side cavity and the lower half shell side cavity The cavities are connected through the shell-side liquid outlet. The shell-side inlet pipe and the shell-side outlet pipe are connected to the outer wall of the tube box at the end away from the head tube sheet, and the shell-side inlet pipe is directly connected to the upper half shell. The shell-side outlet pipe is directly connected to the lower half shell-side cavity, and the heat-exchange tube is provided with at least one heat-exchange copper sleeve 47, and the heat-exchange copper sleeve and the heat-exchange tube connected to itself Coaxial and mutually clamped, the heat exchange copper sleeve is in the shape of a ring, the ratio of the outer diameter of the heat exchange copper sleeve to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is greater than three, and the inside of the head is provided with a guide The impeller, the guide impeller includes a guide shaft 48, a number of guide vanes 49, the guide shaft is connected to the head in rotation, the guide shaft is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the heat exchange tube, the The guide vane is in the shape of a rectangular plate, the length direction of the guide vane is parallel to the length direction of the guide shaft, the shell side inlet pipe is at the top of the pipe box, and the liquid inlet direction of the shell side inlet pipe is from the upper To the bottom, the pipe box is provided with a liquid blocking protection horizontal plate 50, and the liquid inlet direction of the shell-side inlet pipe faces the liquid blocking protection horizontal plate, and the liquid blocking protection horizontal plate is connected by a protection connecting plate 51 At the lower end of the inlet pipe on the shell side.

When the present invention works, a liquid enters from the tube side inlet tube, flows into the head through the heat exchange tube group connected with the tube side inlet flow cavity, and then passes through the heat exchange tube group connected with the tube side outlet flow cavity, and the tube side exits the tube Outflow; another liquid flows in from the shell-side inlet pipe, flows through the inside of the tube box and then flows out from the shell-side outlet pipe. The two liquids exchange heat through the tube wall of the heat exchange tube. The structure is reasonable and the heat exchange is efficient. When the outer casing of the heat exchanger (mainly the tube box) is heated and elongated, because its wall thickness is much larger than that of the heat exchange tube, its elongation is obviously not as good as that of the heat exchange tube in many cases. At this time, due to the expansion joint The existence of the tube box can reduce the difficulty of elongation, assist to make up for the shortcoming of the heat exchanger outer shell elongation too small, and reduce the temperature difference stress between structures.

In order to ensure the heat exchange efficiency, in many cases, the inlet pressure and the flow velocity at the inlet end should not be too small. After the liquid enters the tube box from the shell side, it will directly impact the internal heat exchange tubes, which may easily cause damage to the heat exchange tubes. If the force is too large and deformed, the liquid blocking protection horizontal plate blocks the direct impact of the shell-side inlet pipe inlet liquid, and cooperates with the protection connecting plate to change the initial liquid inlet flow direction of the liquid to a direction approximately parallel to the heat exchange tube, thereby affecting the heat exchange tube. And the inner structure of the tube box forms an effective anti-shock protection, which improves the working stability and prolongs the service life of the heat exchange tube.

The guide impeller first plays the role of diversion in the head, and there are two types of heat exchange tubes: the first one is directly connected to the inlet cavity of the tube side, and the second one is directly connected to the outlet cavity of the tube side. The liquid flowing out of the heat exchange tube enters the head and impacts the liquid-facing surface of the guide vane (the surface directly impacted by the liquid, which is equivalent to the windward surface of the fan blade), making the guide impeller rotate, and the impeller rotating upward from the bottom will Push the liquid in the head upward and toward the inner wall of the head, and the impellers in other positions will also push the liquid toward the inner wall of the head, thus forming a U-shaped flow path in the head, so that the liquid in the whole head The liquid flows smoothly and the flow route is stable, which can effectively prevent the turbulent flow in the head, excessive turbulence, and improve the stability of the liquid flow. Moreover, the guide impeller always maintains the liquid in the head to the first stage during the working process. The action of the inlet of the two heat exchange tubes is also conducive to the smooth flow of liquid.

The tube-and-tube heat exchange device in the prior art has a feature that there is no heat exchange tube in the middle of the tube box (near the axis of the tube box). One reason is that there are two types of heat exchange tubes: one is directly connected The tube-side inlet cavity and the other is directly connected to the tube-side outlet cavity. The total number of these two heat exchange tubes is generally the same. Otherwise, the pressure of the liquid entering and exiting is obviously uneven and the velocity changes greatly, which will affect the actual heat exchange effect. , leading to a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, if a heat exchange tube is installed in the middle, no matter it is directly connected to the tube-side inlet cavity or the tube-side outlet cavity, the number of one type of heat exchange tube will increase, causing the above-mentioned problems; the second The first reason is that there is a necessary structure of the tube-side flow divider, so that one end of the heat exchange tube arranged in the middle is not easily connected to the head, and the curved heat exchange tube needs to be produced separately to be installed there, and the actual application cost is obvious. increase, so it is generally not used. Therefore, a large space will be formed in the middle of the tube box, which is called the central heat exchange dead zone. After the liquid enters the tube box, due to the relatively large resistance at the heat exchange tubes, the liquid is relatively difficult to stay in the heat exchange tube intensive area for a long time, but it is easy to flow into the central heat exchange blind area with low resistance, resulting in a "short circuit" phenomenon, making Quite a lot of liquid mainly flows through the central heat transfer blind zone and does not participate in the heat transfer process, which seriously affects the heat transfer efficiency. The existence of shell-side partitions greatly reduces the heat transfer blind area, significantly reduces the maximum distance between heat transfer tubes, effectively alleviates the "short circuit" phenomenon of liquid flow, and fully reduces the possible maximum distance between liquid and heat transfer tubes , so as to effectively increase the degree of participation of the liquid in heat exchange and ensure the heat exchange efficiency. Moreover, a "double shell side" is formed in the tube box through the shell-side partition, and the liquid flow distance in the tube box is doubled, which significantly improves the heat exchange effect.

In the whole tube side, due to the small cross-section of the heat exchange tube, the liquid flow rate is relatively small, so the requirements for flow rate and smooth flow are high, but in the shell side (in the tube box), more liquid heat exchange is required. The flow path is long enough. The heat exchange copper sleeve and the heat exchange tube can conduct heat directly, and the thermal conductivity and deformation ability of copper are very good, so first of all, it is not easy to compress the heat exchange tube when it expands with heat and contracts with cold. The outer diameter of the heat exchange copper sleeve is larger than three times the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube, so the heat exchange area is effectively increased, and the heat exchange effect of the hot liquid in the tube box is improved. Moreover, when there is no heat exchange copper sleeve, the liquid flowing along the heat exchange tube flows in a straight line locally. With the heat exchange copper sleeve, these liquids are easily blocked, thereby changing the flow route, which is different from the heat exchange tube. The contact between them increases, the heat exchange time increases relatively, and a small turbulent flow is formed. Under the premise that the overall liquid flow in the tube box is basically not affected, the local heat exchange area is well improved and the local heat exchange time is prolonged. Thereby, the heat exchange efficiency of the present invention is improved as a whole.

One end of the pipe box is provided with a stepped edge 18, and the head is provided with a stepped edge, and the stepped edge on the pipe box is sealed with the stepped edge on the head, and at the joint A neck tube is formed, and a stuffing box tube 19 attached to the inner wall of the neck tube is arranged in the neck tube. The head tube plate and the inner tube wall of the stuffing box tube are sealed and slidably connected to each other. Stuffing box is a commonly used sealing structure in mechanical engineering. It can be made of various materials such as epoxy resin cement, usually depending on the use environment. The main function of the stuffing box tube is to seal, and to cooperate with the relative sliding of the head tube plate. When the temperature difference between the outer shell of the heat exchanger (mainly the tube box) and the heat exchange tube is large, and the elongation of the heat exchange tube is significantly different, the heat exchange tube will be significantly shortened or elongated relative to the outer shell of the heat exchanger. At this time, the length change The heat exchange tube will move laterally with the head tube plate, and the head tube plate slides along the axis of the neck tube in the neck tube, providing structural temperature difference compensation, thereby eliminating the problem caused by the relatively large change in the length of the heat exchange tube The structural extrusion greatly reduces the temperature difference stress and ensures the stability and reliability of the overall structure.

The inner pipe wall of the stuffing box tube is provided with a packing inclined sealing ring 20, and the packing inclined sealing ring is located between the head tube plate and the head, and the packing inclined sealing ring has an inclined sealing lower end , The high end of the oblique seal, the high end of the oblique seal is in contact with the edge of the step on the head, and the low end of the oblique seal is in contact with the tube plate of the head. The reason why the head tube sheet moves horizontally is that the heat exchange tube elongates to drive the head tube sheet to move, and the head will also deform and expand due to heat. When the temperature of the two liquids, especially the liquid flowing through the tube section When it is very high, the expansion of the head is limited, and the sealing between the tube sheet and the neck tube can still be better guaranteed at this time, but when the temperature of the two liquids, especially the liquid flowing through the tube side, is high, the head tube The plate will move a lot of distance toward the head. At this time, the heat expansion of the head is large, and the inner diameter of the neck tube changes greatly, which may cause poor or even no sealing between the head tube plate and the neck tube. At this time, due to the existence of the packing oblique seal ring, it can effectively ensure the tightness and fit between the side edge of the head tube plate and the inner wall of the neck tube, fully guarantee the sealing, and maintain the stability of the working process.

Several baffles 21 are arranged inside the tube box, and the baffles are perpendicular to the length direction of the tube box. The liquid circulating inside the pipe box will be diverted by the flow channels separated by the baffles, thus forming a relatively longer flow channel, which reduces the flow diameter in disguise, increases the heat exchange time, and improves the heat transfer efficiency.

The agitating impeller is provided in the inflow cavity of the tube side, and the agitating impeller includes a plurality of agitating blades 22, a rotating shaft 23 connected to the shell head in rotation, one end of the rotating shaft extends into the wall of the shell head, and the other end of the rotating shaft Extending into the fixed tube plate, the liquid inlet direction of the tube-side inlet tube faces the agitating impeller. In many cases, the liquid contains impurities, especially some small-volume impurities or flocculent impurities, which cannot be separated by ordinary filtration, and it is impossible to remove them at a high cost just for the benefit of heat exchange. will necessarily remain in the liquid. One kind of liquid enters the tube-side inlet cavity from the tube-side inlet tube. In theory, if small-volume impurities and flocculent impurities can be evenly distributed in the liquid, they can flow into the heat exchange tube together with the liquid and flow out smoothly. will cause partial blockage. But in fact, due to various factors, impurities may not be evenly distributed in the liquid, especially the diameter of the tube-side inlet chamber is obviously larger than the tube-side inlet tube, the flow rate of the liquid in the tube-side inlet chamber slows down, flocculent impurities, small Bulk impurities are easy to temporarily deposit and adhere to each other to form larger impurities. At this time, the larger impurities will block the heat exchange tube with a relatively small pore size, resulting in poor heat exchange. The existence of the agitating impeller makes the liquid enter the pipe from the tube side and impact the agitating blade first, driving the agitating impeller to rotate. During the rotation, a stirring flow is formed in the inflow chamber of the tube side, so that flocculent impurities and small-volume impurities cannot be temporarily deposited. They cannot adhere to each other well, but will be evenly dispersed in the liquid, so that they can smoothly enter the heat exchange tube and flow out with the liquid, preventing the blockage of the heat exchange tube and ensuring the smooth progress of the heat exchange process.

The other end of the pipe box is provided with a flange 24, and the shell head is provided with a flange, and the flange on the pipe box and the flange on the shell head are pressed against the fixed pipe respectively. On the two board surfaces of the plate, the flanges on the tube box, the fixed tube plate, and the flange on the shell head are fixed by bolts, and a number of miscellaneous storage pockets are also included, and the miscellaneous pockets include a pocket body 25 , pocket pipe 26, the outer wall of the pocket pipe is threadedly connected with the miscellaneous hole on the tube side flow partition plate, the inlet of the pocket tube is towards the agitating impeller, and the pocket tube is in the inlet flow chamber of the tube side, so The pocket body described above is in the outflow cavity of the tube side. The pipe box and the shell head are connected and fixed by flanges and bolts, so it is more convenient to disassemble. The miscellaneous storage pocket is threadedly connected with the miscellaneous storage hole, so it is also a component that is convenient for disassembly. When the small-volume impurities and flocculent impurities in the tube-side inlet cavity are deposited, attracted, and adhered together due to various factors such as flow rate changes and heat adhesion, larger impurities will be formed. Less, but it is easy to block the heat exchange tube. The agitating impeller will keep rotating, forming a certain swirl and centrifugal flow in the tube side inlet cavity, and large impurities will be pushed to the cavity wall away from the agitating impeller from time to time, and then flow disorderly again with the turbulent flow in the cavity. With the combination of the miscellaneous storage pocket, these medium and large-volume impurities can be pushed away by the agitating impeller and then enter the miscellaneous storage pocket. Then leave the miscellaneous storage pocket, thereby ensuring that there will be no accumulation of medium and large volume impurities in the tube side inlet cavity, and avoiding the blockage of the heat pipe. After the work of the present invention is finished, then can unload miscellaneous storage bag conveniently and carry out impurity cleaning.

The expansion joint is provided with an elastic water cooling jacket 27, an elastic water inlet pipe 28, and an elastic outlet pipe 29. The elastic water cooling jacket, elastic water inlet pipe, and elastic outlet pipe are provided with a positioning steel sleeve 30. The elastic water cooling A water-cooling ring 31 is formed between the sleeve and the expansion joint. The end of the elastic water-cooling sleeve close to the wall of the pipe box is tightly sealed with the outer walls of the two closed inclined ring plates. The elastic water inlet pipe is connected to a water inlet pipeline 32. The elastic water outlet pipe is connected to a water outlet pipeline 33, and the water inlet pipeline is connected to a cooling water supply pump. The elastic water cooling jacket, the elastic water inlet pipe and the elastic water outlet pipe are used for passing cooling water. Due to its own functionality and wall thickness smaller than that of the pipe box, the expansion joint is more easily deformed, so its rigidity and strength are obviously the weakest in the entire pipe box structure. Therefore, when the shell side is at a high internal pressure, When the temperature is high, although the expansion joint has been compensated for temperature difference, its characteristics of being the most prone to bulging and damage must exist. The cooling water starts from the cooling water supply pump, passes through the water inlet pipe, the elastic water inlet pipe, the elastic water cooling jacket, the elastic water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe, so as to perform effective external water cooling on the entire expansion joint, thereby avoiding expansion to a certain extent The temperature at the joint is too high, maintain its rigidity moderately, and prevent its excessive deformation. Thus, the structurally weaker position of the whole pipe box is effectively protected.

The shell-side inlet pipe is provided with a feedback adjustment part, the feedback adjustment part includes a feedback receiving valve 34, a feedback pipeline 35, and the feedback receiving valve includes a valve housing 36, an adjustment spring 37, and a sliding spool 38 One end of the sliding spool is connected to one end of the adjusting spring, the other end of the sliding spool contacts the valve housing, the other end of the adjusting spring contacts the valve housing, and the valve housing is connected to the housing through two adjustment communication ports 39. On the Chengjin pipe, the sliding spool separates the two adjustment communication ports, and the sliding spool is provided with a spool inner channel 40 connecting the two adjustment communication ports. The inner diameter of the channel is consistent with the inner diameter of the inlet pipe at the shell side. A feedback port 41 is provided on the valve housing where it contacts the sliding valve core. The feedback port is connected to one end of the feedback pipeline, and the other end of the feedback pipeline is connected to the water inlet pipeline. When the shell side is in a state of high-temperature and high-pressure liquid, especially when the average liquid intake at the inlet pipe of the shell side is large, the entire heat exchanger shell, especially the tube box, will be under great pressure. At this time, the most sensitive The most unique structure is the expansion joint, which can be adjusted and changed adaptively through the relative separation of the two closed inclined ring plates, as well as the outward expansion of the closed inclined ring plate and the outer sealing ring plate. However, when the expansion joint expands to a large extent and is close to the critical value, the outer wall of the expansion joint is tightly attached to the elastic water inlet pipe. At this time, the entire water cooling is cut off, and the cooling water cannot flow to the outlet pipe, but instead flows to the feedback pipe and the feedback port. , so that a feedback flow is formed when the internal pressure of the shell side is too large, and this feedback flow is gradually increased to push the sliding valve core to compress the adjustment spring, so that the actual inlet diameter of the shell side inlet pipe is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of throttling. Once throttling, the internal pressure of the shell side will immediately decrease, and the bulging at the expansion joint will naturally decrease and return to a certain shape. In this way, the entire cooling water pipeline including the water cooling loop becomes a passage again, and the shell side enters the pipe. The actual inflow caliber also correspondingly becomes larger again. This process is dynamic, and its triggering starting point is the most sensitive and weakest expansion joint in the entire pipe box structure, which has high immediacy and quick response, and the response (deformation) of the expansion joint cooperates with the upper feedback system to automatically realize the expansion joint. Flow adjustment can effectively protect the overall structure.

The elastic water-cooling jacket is provided with a pair of bulging protruding rings 42 with their heads facing the outer sealing ring plate. The tail ends of the bulging protruding rings are connected with the elastic water-cooling jacket. It is integrally formed with the elastic water cooling jacket. The bulging raised ring can better cooperate and seal with the bulging expansion joint, thereby blocking the water-cooling ring, and the sealing position is the contact position between the bulging raised ring and the outer sealing ring plate, and the entire expansion head is no longer needed Only when the bulging is close to the limit can the flow be cut off, which can prevent the expansion joint from excessive bulging, the adjustment sensitivity is higher, the sealing effect is better, and the possibility of damage to the expansion joint is further reduced.

Claims (9)

1. A tube-and-tube heat exchange device, characterized in that it includes a tube-side part, a shell-side part, and several supports, and the tube-side part includes a tube-side inlet tube, a tube-side outlet tube, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, The shell part includes a horizontal heat exchanger shell, a shell inlet pipe, and a shell outlet pipe. The heat exchanger shell is composed of a head, a shell head, and a pipe box with ports at both ends. Composition, a fixed tube sheet is arranged between the shell head and the tube box, a head tube sheet is arranged between the described head and the tube box, and the two ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively connected to the fixed tube sheet, On the head tube plate, the heat exchange tubes are located in the tube box, one end of the heat exchange tubes is connected to the inside of the head, and the other end of the heat exchange tubes is connected to the inside of the shell head. Both the outlet pipes of the shell head are connected to the shell head, the inlet pipes of the shell side and the outlet pipes of the shell side are connected to the pipe box, and a tube-side flow divider divides the interior of the shell head into a tube-side inlet flow connected with the tube-side inlet pipe. cavity, and the tube-side outflow cavity connected with the tube-side outlet tube, the tube box is provided with an expansion joint, the wall thickness of the expansion joint is smaller than the tube box wall thickness, and the expansion joint divides the tube box into two a half-box section, the expansion joint includes two closing oblique ring plates and an outer sealing ring plate, the two closing oblique ring plates are respectively connected to the two half-box sections, between the box walls of the two half-box sections The gap is an expansion notch, and the horizontal width of the expansion notch is smaller than the minimum horizontal distance between the two closed inclined ring plates. The closed closed inclined ring plate, the outer sealing ring plate, and the half box section are integrally formed. The tube box is provided with a shell-side partition, and the length direction of the shell-side partition is parallel to the length direction of the tube box. One end of the shell-side partition is connected to the fixed tube sheet, and the other end of the shell-side partition is connected to the sealing tube. A shell-side liquid inlet is formed between the head tube plates, and the shell-side partition divides the inner space of the tube box into an upper half-shell side cavity and a lower half-shell side cavity, and the upper half-shell side cavity, lower half-shell The process cavities are connected through the shell-side liquid outlet. The shell-side inlet pipe and the shell-side outlet pipe are connected to the outer wall of the tube box at the end away from the head tube sheet. The shell-side inlet pipe is directly connected to the upper half The shell side cavity, the shell side outlet pipe is directly connected to the lower half shell side cavity, the heat exchange tube is provided with at least one heat exchange copper sleeve, and the heat exchange copper sleeve is connected to the heat exchange tube Coaxial and mutually clamped, the heat exchange copper sleeve is in the shape of a ring, the ratio of the outer diameter of the heat exchange copper sleeve to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is greater than three, and the inside of the head is provided with a guide The impeller, the guide impeller includes a guide shaft and a number of guide blades, the guide shaft is rotatably connected to the head, the guide shaft is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the heat exchange tube, the guide The blades are in the shape of a rectangular plate, the length direction of the guide vane is parallel to the length direction of the guide shaft, the shell side inlet pipe is at the top of the pipe box, and the liquid inlet direction of the shell side inlet pipe is from top to bottom , the pipe box is provided with a liquid-blocking protective horizontal plate, the liquid inlet direction of the shell-side inlet pipe is facing the liquid-blocking protective horizontal plate, and the liquid-blocking protective horizontal plate is connected to the shell-side inlet through a protective connecting plate. lower end of the tube. 2. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the opening at one end of the tube box is provided with a stepped edge, the head is provided with a stepped edge, and the tube box is provided with a stepped edge. The edge of the stepped turn is sealed butted with the edge of the step turn on the head, and a neck tube is formed at the butt joint. The neck tube is provided with a stuffing box tube attached to the inner wall of the neck tube. The caliber of the stuffing box tube is larger than the caliber of the pipe box , the head tube plate is located in the stuffing box tube, and the head tube plate and the inner tube wall of the stuffing box tube are sealed and slidably connected to each other. 3. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the inner tube wall of the stuffing box tube is provided with a packing oblique sealing ring, and the packing oblique sealing ring is located on the head tube Between the plate and the head, the packing slant seal ring has a slant seal low end and a slant seal high end, the slant seal high end is in contact with the step edge on the head, and the slant seal tube-sheet contact. 4. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of baffles are arranged inside the tube box, and the baffles are perpendicular to the length direction of the tube box. 5. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 2, wherein a stirring impeller is arranged in the inlet chamber of the tube side, and the stirring impeller includes a plurality of stirring blades, a blade rotatably connected with the shell head Rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft extends into the wall of the shell head, and the other end of the rotating shaft extends into the fixed tube sheet, and the direction of liquid inlet of the tube-side inlet pipe faces the agitating impeller. 6. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 5, wherein a flange is provided at the opening at the other end of the tube box, a flange is provided on the shell head, and the tube box The flange on the top and the flange on the shell head are pressed respectively on the two plate surfaces of the fixed tube sheet, and the flange on the tube box, the fixed tube sheet, and the flange on the shell head are connected by bolts It is fixed, and also includes a number of miscellaneous storage pockets. The miscellaneous storage pockets include a pocket body and a pocket pipe. Facing the agitating impeller, the pocket pipe is located in the tube-side inlet chamber, and the pocket body is located in the tube-side outlet cavity. 7. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the expansion joint is provided with an elastic water cooling jacket, an elastic water inlet pipe, and an elastic water outlet pipe, and the elastic water cooling jacket, elastic water inlet pipe . The elastic water outlet pipe is provided with a positioning steel sleeve, and a water cooling loop is formed between the elastic water cooling sleeve and the expansion joint. The end of the elastic water cooling sleeve close to the wall of the pipe box is closely attached to the outer walls of the two oblique ring plates. The elastic water inlet pipe is connected to a water inlet pipeline, the elastic water outlet pipe is connected to a water outlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline is connected to a cooling water supply pump. 8. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 7, characterized in that, the shell-side inlet pipe is provided with a feedback adjustment part, and the feedback adjustment part includes a feedback receiving valve and a feedback pipeline, and the The feedback receiving valve includes a valve housing, an adjusting spring, and a sliding valve core. One end of the sliding valve core is connected to one end of the adjusting spring, the other end of the sliding valve core contacts the valve housing, and the other end of the adjusting spring contacts the valve housing. The valve housing described above is connected to the inlet pipe of the shell side through two adjustment communication ports, the sliding valve core separates the two adjustment communication ports, and the sliding valve core is provided with a valve connecting the two adjustment communication ports. The inner passage of the spool, the inner diameter of the inner passage of the spool is consistent with the inner diameter of the inlet pipe at the shell side, the valve housing is provided with a feedback port at the contact with the sliding spool, the feedback port is connected with one end of the feedback pipeline, and the feedback pipe The other end of the road is connected to the water inlet pipe. 9. The tube-and-tube heat exchange device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, the elastic water-cooling jacket is provided with a pair of bulging protruding rings with heads facing the outer sealing ring plate, and the bulging rings The tail end of the shaped protruding ring is connected with the elastic water-cooling jacket, and the bulging protruding ring and the elastic water-cooling jacket are integrally formed.