CN104654312A - Flameless incineration process of solid waste - Google Patents
Flameless incineration process of solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN104654312A CN104654312A CN201510089325.6A CN201510089325A CN104654312A CN 104654312 A CN104654312 A CN 104654312A CN 201510089325 A CN201510089325 A CN 201510089325A CN 104654312 A CN104654312 A CN 104654312A
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000256113 Culicidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011285 coke tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
- C12M1/107—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flameless incineration process of solid waste. The flameless incineration process of the solid waste comprises the steps of sorting treatment, anaerobic fermentation, flameless incineration and combustible gas recovery. The process provided by the invention is high in treatment efficiency, good in comprehensive efficiency, thoroughly clean in treatment, high in flameless incineration temperature and quick to carbonize; the combustible gas is sufficient to be converted, so that the self-sufficiency of energy during the incineration process is realized, and the weight of the produced coke residues is light; the bubbles are rich; the water permeability is good; the carbon content is high, and the ultra-low emission of hazardous materials is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to solid waste resource comprehensive utilization process, be specifically related to a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste.
Background technology
Along with the raising of socioeconomic development and living standards of the people, the discharge capacity of solid waste increases sharply, and the annual newly-increased solid waste in the whole world reaches 10,000,000,000 tons, 0.6 ton per capita at present.And solid waste problem " the most seldom arrives process " with it, " most is comprehensive ", " most contaminative ", " coming into one's own the latest " and " most closeness to life " extremely people concern.
The processing method of solid waste mainly contains three kinds in the world at present: compost, landfill and burning electricity generation.Organic matter is sorted out by pretreatment by compost method, and because the Sorting Technique of developing country is also immature, compost method is seldom used in developing country, as just the supplementary means of solid waste process.Burying method is simple to operate, and front current cost is low, but needs to take a large amount of soils, and landfill yard stinks to high heaven after arriving during one's term of military service and closing, mosquitos and flies grows, percolate etc. becomes permanent pollution sources.The nucleus equipment of burning electricity generation method is incinerator, and incinerator technology is developed according to the solid waste feature after sorting based on external minority developed country.The combustion system of incinerator is naked light, and the powdery ashes of burning-out do not stop in stove directly discharges, and use value is low.Although above-mentioned solid waste treating technology respectively lays particular stress on, be all difficult to accomplish country-driven " three change ".
In addition, the domestic solid waste of China is by region, season, the restriction of economic situation, solid waste composition is diversity, complexity, anti-flammability is particularly outstanding, the water content of solid waste is generally higher than 40%, such solid waste enters incinerator and carries out burning disposal and will inevitably cause combustion instability, easily flame-out in stove, even if it is combustion-supporting to add supplementary energy, combustion conditions also cannot be steady, operation is made to become complicated, operation cost is high, bioxin is wayward, seriously polluted, collective of a mass character event in rapid succession, so the combustion system of incinerator is also not exclusively suitable for the current fixed-end forces of China.
Have at present and about solid waste sorting, valuable material is reclaimed, combustion value is improved by anaerobic ferment process, produce biogas and manufacture clean energy resource by thermal cracking, graininess combustibles are produced to not perishable organic matter, the report that the inorganic matter little to particle and organic matter are buried or burned, but really implement and still have certain gap.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect overcoming prior art, a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste is provided, makes full use of the source material of solid, turn the foul and rotten into the rare and ethereal.
It is a kind of up-to-date combustion system that the international combustion field of Jin20Nian develops that nonflame burns, process for solid waste still belongs to the first, have that treatment effeciency is high, solid waste source material utilizes fully, profitable, process is thoroughly clean and the feature of nuisance minimum discharge.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste, and it comprises the following steps:
S1. sorting process: sub-elect plastics, rubber and heavy metal from solid waste;
S2. anaerobic fermentation: the solid waste after sorting is moved in anaerobic fermentation room and carries out fermentation process, the water content of solid waste is made to decline 5% ~ 15%, the height that the indoor solid waste of described anaerobic fermentation is stacked is 5 ~ 7m, and the time of fermentation process is 5 ~ 10 days;
S3. nonflame burns: the solid waste after anaerobic fermentation piles up 5 ~ 7m in incinerating kiln, set-point ignition system and air supply system bottom described incinerating kiln, assisted gas is passed into the flow velocity of 10 ~ 50m/s to air supply system, lighted a fire by ignition system, make it burning and enter design conditions, described design conditions are: coking layer, burning layer, carburization zone and baking zone, burning layer central temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, and solid waste is converted into available cinder the most at last.
Further, described solid waste comprises domestic waste, Medical Solid Wastes and municipal sludge.
Further, described sorting process adopts artificial separation, mechanical sorting and instrument to detect the mode combined.
Further, during nonflame described in step S3 burns, disposable extensive charging, disposablely slags tap on a large scale; What burn layer is 2%-15% containing oxygen, and burning layer is carbide, and incineration temperature is high, and the flue gas main component discharged is imflammable gas.
Further, a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste also comprises the recovery of S4 fuel gas, and the removal process of described fuel gas comprises following sub-step:
S41. the flammable foul smell that solid waste produces in sorting process, anaerobic fermentation process is collected;
S42. outside incinerating kiln, arrange air exhauster, described incinerating kiln top arranges smoke evacuation system, by the fuel gas negative pressure sucking-off from smoke evacuation system produced in nonflame burning process, carries out bulk processing;
S43. mix in the lump as assisted gas using the flammable foul smell collected in step S41 with the fuel gas in step S42 after bulk processing, air supply system bottom incinerating kiln injects, and participates in combustion-supporting, achieves the self-sufficient of the energy in burning process.
Further, the production process of described fuel gas is: in nonflame burning process, and when solid waste more than burning layer experiences the heat radiation of more than 300 DEG C, in solid waste, hemicellulose starts pyrolysis carbonization, produces fuel gas.
Further, described solid waste RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON chemical industry condition is as follows: in kiln, solid waste is after ignition system fires, ignition temperature reaches 800 DEG C thereupon, burning and carbonization are almost carried out simultaneously, drying stage is in when the top heat radiation of burning layer is at 200 ~ 300 DEG C, when radiation temperature reaches more than 300 DEG C, half fiber in solid waste starts pyrolysis carburizing reagent, the volatile matter that pyrolysis carbonization is separated out mainly comprises steam, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, tar and hydrocarbon, i.e. wood gas, wood tar and pyrolkigneous liquid, be referred to as " flue gas ", flue gas by air exhauster from the smoke evacuation system negative pressure sucking-off of kiln top, when the radiation temperature of burning layer reaches 500 DEG C, the living beings in solid waste are accelerated to decompose, and along with the quickening cracking process decomposed and product thereof are also accelerated thereupon, the flue gas of generation is more abundant, after ignition temperature reaches 1200 DEG C, burning layer and carburization zone mainly produce methane and namely hydrogen no longer produce vinegar liquid and tar, and just produce wood gas, and the calorific value of wood gas improves greatly, wood gas is fuel gas.
Living beings in solid waste, kitchen is remaining in pyrogenation and combustion process, tar can be produced, tar is 1000 ~ 1200 DEG C time, in short time, cleavage rate reaches more than 99%, can make full use of nonflame burn in the steam that contains react with composition in tar and produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the generation of minimizing carbon black, the production rate of fuel gas in raising flue gas.Catalytic pyrolysis as naphthalene in tar: C
10h
8+ 10H
20 → 10CO+14H
2, C
10h
8+ 20H
20 → 10CO
2+ 2H
2, C
10h
8+ 10H
20 → CO+4CO
2+ 6H
2+ 4CH
4; Steam is conducive to the generation of coke tar cracking and fuel gas, and the fuel gases calorific value of generation is 10 ~ 16MJ/Nm
3, hydrogen content is 30 ~ 60%.
It is as follows that described solid waste nonflame burns mechanism: in incinerating kiln, stack solid waste reach 5 ~ 7m, initial burning produces naked light, and along with passing into combustion-supporting gas at the bottom of kiln, due to the relation of solid waste pressure and gravity, flame reduces gradually until small.The burning initial stage, burning, pyrolysis, carbonization almost completes simultaneously, the solid waste that gas permeation 5 ~ 7m that the flue gas produced in burning and pyrolysis carbonization produce is high, slow precipitation, heat, ash flies and impurity is retained by thick solid waste, take out the oxygen deprivation air-flow drawing low speed movement in kiln, after bulk processing, the fuel gas in flue gas is reclaimed, same sorting, the foul smell mixing that anaerobic fermentation process produces, burning layer is entered by the air supply system at the bottom of kiln by 4/5 ~ 6/7 of mixing foul smell, make Incineration circumstances by initial burning layer, carburization zone, baking zone is to coking layer, burn layer, carburization zone and baking zone transform, what burn is no longer the ortho states of solid waste, and be through the carburization zone of RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON, after carburization zone temperature reaches 1000 DEG C, the tar gasification and pyrolysis speed that solid waste produces is accelerated, separate out the Small molecular hydrocarbon gas being conducive to burning, along with the further lifting of carbonization heat, promote carbide second pyrolysis, the productive rate of fuel gas improves, along with the rising of carburizing temperature, the temperature that carbide catches fire also raises.Along with adding of high temperature incineration fuel gas and hypoxemia, burning flame volume increases exponentially, burning layer heats up evenly, mean temperature promotes greatly, achieve stable burning, progressively upwards pass with the form of nonflame, heat energy is piled up rapidly, the temperature of burning layer in the short time reaches 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, finally makes solid waste form available cinder.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is applicable to the process of domestic waste, Medical Solid Wastes and municipal sludge;
(2) the present invention has low-carbon (LC), environmental protection, and treatment effeciency is high, and decrement is thorough, the feature of nuisance minimum discharge;
(3) in the present invention, solid waste source material utilizes fully, and imflammable gas transforms sufficient, achieves the self-sufficient of the energy in burning process;
(4) the present invention can make the high-quality cinder that discarded object changes into light weight, bubble enriches, good water permeability, phosphorus content are high;
(5) cinder produced in the present invention is widely used, and can be used for precision agriculture, building materials and pollution treatment industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is nonflame Incineration circumstances in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is nonflame Incineration circumstances curve in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated.
Embodiment 1: a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste, it comprises the following steps:
S1. sorting process: adopt artificial separation, mechanical sorting and instrument to detect the mode combined and sub-elect plastics, rubber and heavy metal from solid waste;
S2. anaerobic fermentation: the solid waste after sorting moved in anaerobic fermentation room and carry out fermentation process, makes the water content of solid waste decline 5%, and the height that the indoor solid waste of described anaerobic fermentation is stacked is 5m, and the time of fermentation process is 5 days;
S3. nonflame burns: the solid waste after anaerobic fermentation piles up 5m in incinerating kiln, set-point ignition system and air supply system bottom described incinerating kiln, assisted gas is passed into the flow velocity of 10m/s to air supply system, lighted a fire by ignition system, burn thereupon and enter design conditions, described design conditions are: coking layer, burning layer, carburization zone and baking zone, and burning layer central temperature is 1450 DEG C, and final solid waste is converted into available cinder;
S4. the recovery of fuel gas, it comprises following sub-step:
S41. the flammable foul smell that solid waste produces in sorting process and anaerobic fermentation process is collected;
S42. outside incinerating kiln, arrange air exhauster, there is smoke evacuation system on described incinerating kiln top, by the fuel gas negative pressure sucking-off from smoke evacuation system produced in nonflame burning process, carries out bulk processing;
S43. mixed with the fuel gas in step S42 after bulk processing by the flammable foul smell collected in step S41 and as assisted gas, the air supply system bottom incinerating kiln injects, and participates in combustion-supporting, achieves the self-sufficient of the energy in burning process.
Described solid waste comprises domestic waste, Medical Solid Wastes and municipal sludge.
Embodiment 2: a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste, it comprises the following steps:
S1. sorting process: the mode adopting artificial separation, mechanical sorting and instrument detection sorting to combine sub-elects plastics, rubber and heavy metal from solid waste;
S2. anaerobic fermentation: the solid waste after sorting moved in anaerobic fermentation room and carry out fermentation process, makes the water content of solid waste decline 15%, and the height that the indoor solid waste of described anaerobic fermentation is stacked is 7m, and the time of fermentation process is 10 days;
S3. nonflame burns: the solid waste after anaerobic fermentation piles up 7m in incinerating kiln, set-point ignition system and air supply system bottom described incinerating kiln, assisted gas is passed into the flow velocity of 50m/s to air supply system, lighted a fire by ignition system, burn thereupon and enter design conditions, described design conditions are: the operating mode of coking layer, burning layer, carburization zone and baking zone, and burning layer central temperature is 1650 DEG C, and final solid waste is converted into available cinder;
S4. the recovery of fuel gas, it comprises following sub-step:
S41. the flammable foul smell that solid waste produces in sorting process and anaerobic fermentation process is collected;
S42. outside incinerating kiln, arrange air exhauster, there is smoke evacuation system on described incinerating kiln top, by the fuel gas negative pressure sucking-off from smoke evacuation system produced in nonflame burning process, carries out bulk processing;
S43. mixed with the fuel gas in step S42 after bulk processing by the flammable foul smell collected in step S41 and as assisted gas, the air supply system bottom incinerating kiln injects, and participates in combustion-supporting, achieves the self-sufficient of the energy in burning process.
Described solid waste comprises domestic waste, Medical Solid Wastes and municipal sludge.
Embodiment 3: a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste, it comprises the following steps:
S1. sorting process: adopt artificial separation, mechanical sorting and instrument to detect the mode combined and sub-elect plastics, rubber and heavy metal from solid waste;
S2. anaerobic fermentation: the solid waste after sorting moved in anaerobic fermentation room and carry out fermentation process, makes the water content of solid waste decline 8%, and the height that the indoor solid waste of described anaerobic fermentation is stacked is 5.8m, and the time of fermentation process is 7 days;
S3. nonflame burns: the solid waste after anaerobic fermentation piles up 5.8m in incinerating kiln, set-point ignition system and air supply system bottom described incinerating kiln, assisted gas is passed into the flow velocity of 25m/s to air supply system, lighted a fire by ignition system, burn thereupon and enter design conditions, described design conditions are: the operating mode of coking layer, burning layer, carburization zone and baking zone, and burning layer central temperature is 1500 DEG C, and final solid waste is converted into available cinder;
S4. the recovery of fuel gas, it comprises following sub-step:
S41. the flammable foul smell that solid waste produces in sorting process and anaerobic fermentation process is collected;
S42. outside incinerating kiln, arrange air exhauster, there is smoke evacuation system on described incinerating kiln top, by the fuel gas negative pressure sucking-off from smoke evacuation system produced in nonflame burning process, carries out bulk processing;
S43. mixed with the fuel gas in step S42 after bulk processing by the flammable foul smell collected in step S41 and as assisted gas, the air supply system bottom incinerating kiln injects, and participates in combustion-supporting, achieves the self-sufficient of the energy in burning process.
Described solid waste comprises domestic waste, Medical Solid Wastes and municipal sludge.
Embodiment 4: a kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste, it comprises the following steps:
S1. sorting process: the mode adopting artificial separation, mechanical sorting and instrument detection sorting to combine sub-elects plastics, rubber and heavy metal from solid waste;
S2. anaerobic fermentation: the solid waste after sorting moved in anaerobic fermentation room and carry out fermentation process, makes the water content of solid waste decline 12%, and the height that the indoor solid waste of described anaerobic fermentation is stacked is 6.5m, and the time of fermentation process is 9 days;
S3. nonflame burns: the solid waste after anaerobic fermentation piles up 6.5m in incinerating kiln, set-point ignition system and air supply system bottom described incinerating kiln, assisted gas is passed into the flow velocity of 40m/s to air supply system, lighted a fire by ignition system, burn thereupon and enter design conditions, described design conditions are: the operating mode of coking layer, burning layer, carburization zone and baking zone, and burning layer central temperature is 1600 DEG C, and final solid waste is converted into available cinder;
S4. the recovery of fuel gas, it comprises following sub-step:
S41. the flammable foul smell that solid waste produces in sorting process and anaerobic fermentation process is collected;
S42. outside incinerating kiln, arrange air exhauster, there is smoke evacuation system on described incinerating kiln top, by the fuel gas negative pressure sucking-off from smoke evacuation system produced in nonflame burning process, carries out bulk processing;
S43. mixed with the fuel gas in step S42 after bulk processing by the flammable foul smell collected in step S41 and as assisted gas, the air supply system bottom incinerating kiln injects, and participates in combustion-supporting, achieves the self-sufficient of the energy in burning process.
Described solid waste comprises domestic waste, Medical Solid Wastes and municipal sludge.
Claims (4)
1. a nonflame burning process for solid waste, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
S1. sorting process: go out plastics, rubber and heavy metal from solid waste sorting;
S2. anaerobic fermentation: the solid waste after sorting is moved in anaerobic fermentation room and carries out fermentation process, the water content of solid waste is made to decline 5% ~ 15%, the height that the indoor solid waste of described anaerobic fermentation is stacked is 5 ~ 7m, and the time of fermentation process is 5 ~ 10 days;
S3. nonflame burns: the solid waste after anaerobic fermentation piles up 5 ~ 7m in incinerating kiln, set-point ignition system and air supply system bottom described incinerating kiln, assisted gas is passed into the flow velocity of 10 ~ 50m/s to air supply system, lighted a fire by ignition system, burn thereupon and enter design conditions, described design conditions are: coking layer, burning layer, carburization zone and baking zone, burning layer central temperature is 1450 ~ 1650 DEG C, and solid waste is converted into available cinder the most at last.
2. the nonflame burning process of a kind of solid waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described solid waste comprises domestic waste, Medical Solid Wastes and municipal sludge.
3. the nonflame burning process of a kind of solid waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sorting process adopts artificial separation, mechanical sorting and instrument to detect the mode combined.
4. the nonflame burning process of a kind of solid waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it also comprises S4 fuel gas and reclaims, and the removal process of described fuel gas comprises following sub-step:
S41. the flammable foul smell that solid waste produces in sorting process, anaerobic fermentation process is collected;
S42. outside incinerating kiln, arrange air exhauster, described incinerating kiln top arranges smoke evacuation system, and the fuel gas produced from nonflame burning process is negative pressure sucking-off from smoke evacuation system, carries out bulk processing;
S43. the flammable foul smell collected in step S41 to be mixed with the fuel gas in step S42 after bulk processing and as assisted gas, the air supply system bottom incinerating kiln passes into, participate in combustion-supporting.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105368496A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 南京林业大学 | Process method for cogenerating electricity, charcoal, heat and fertilizer through gasified gas supply of biomass |
| CN107101206A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-29 | 高承疆 | Fuel gas wraps up the combustion method of flammable solid |
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