CN104646178A - Electric charging unit and electroststic separation apparatus using the same - Google Patents
Electric charging unit and electroststic separation apparatus using the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN104646178A CN104646178A CN201410677222.7A CN201410677222A CN104646178A CN 104646178 A CN104646178 A CN 104646178A CN 201410677222 A CN201410677222 A CN 201410677222A CN 104646178 A CN104646178 A CN 104646178A
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- charged
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- work function
- interior zone
- ball
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/02—Separators
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- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed are an electric charging unit and an electroststic separation apparatus using the same. The electric charging unit allows a first material and a second material to possess opposite electric charges. The electric charging unit comprises charging balls colliding and rubbing with the first material and the second material. The charging balls meet the following conditions: the work function of the first material< the work function of the charging balls < the work function of the second material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of by making the contrary electric charge of different material webs make different materials charged elements separated from one another and a kind of electrostatic separation machine (electrostatic separator) using this charged elements.
Background technology
Coal usually by as utility carbon and comprise the ash composition of impurity of such as quartz, alumina and clay mineral.The calorific value of the coal that impurity content is higher is lower.For this reason, it is vital for being removed from coal by ash content in the process of coal separation.
Coal preparation method is divided into wet separation (sorting) to be separated with dry type (sorting).
The key factor of separative efficiency during raising coal separation is the degree of dissociation of valuable mineral and gangue mineral.That is, in order to improve separative efficiency, it is necessary for increasing degree of dissociation, can be realized the degree of dissociation of increase by ultra-fine grinding.But the atomizing particle obtained by ultra-fine grinding is the main cause that during dry type is separated, separative efficiency is low.
For this reason, developing and using multiple dry type separation method.One of these representative dry type separation methods are electrostatic separation (electrostatic separation).
Electrostatic separating method is divided into electrostatic induction separation by charged method, corona discharge is separated and is separated with frictional electrification.
It is the technology utilizing the difference of the work function between sample particle (coal) and charged particle to remove ash content from the coal grain of fine crushing that frictional electrification is separated.According to this technology, coal grain and ash particles rubbing against one another, so the surface of coal grain and the surface of ash particles are with opposite charges.Then, guide charged particle through the gap negative plate and positive plate.When charged particle is through while positive plate and negative plate, positively charged particle attracted to negative plate and electronegative particle attracted to positive plate.
It is the charging efficiency improving coal grain and the ash particles that will be sorted based on sixty-four dollar question in the electrostatic separation technique of frictional electrification.Well-known band power technology utilizes pressure-air to be delivered in pipeline by coal or utilizes whirlwind, flow path etc. to allow coal charged to frictionally.But this technology does not commercially use because its charging efficiency is low.
The document of prior art
10-0235290 (1999.09.22) number Korean Patent.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention keeps it in mind and is present in above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly there is simple structure and can improve the charged elements of the charging efficiency of separated particle, and a kind of electrostatic separation machine using this charged elements.
For realizing object of the present invention, there is provided a kind of charged elements making the first material and the second material webs opposite charges on the one hand, charged elements comprise will with the charged ball of the first material and the second material impacts and friction, wherein, described charged ball meets following condition: the work function of work function < second material of the charged ball of work function < of the first material.
Charged elements can also comprise: the room with entrance, outlet and interior zone, wherein, by entrance, the first material and the second material are incorporated in room, by outlet, the first material and the second material are discharged to the outside of room, in interior zone, make the first material and the second material webs opposite charges; Whirligig, makes collision and the friction mutually in interior zone of the first material, the second material and charged ball.
Whirligig can comprise the outside being arranged on room motor, rotate under the effect of motor and be mounted to the rotating shaft that extends to from the outside in the interior zone of room and engage with the multiple turning arms rotated together with rotating shaft with rotating shaft, wherein, the part be present in the interior zone of room of turning arm and rotating shaft is made up of the material of the middle work function had between the work function and the work function of the second material of the first material.
The inner surface of room can be made up of the material of the middle work function had between the work function and the work function of the second material of the first material.
Charged elements can also comprise the tiling arrangement at the angle of inclination adjusting room of being fascinated by the room of making.
Charged elements can also comprise be arranged on room sidewall on interior zone to be remained on the temperature control unit of steady temperature.
For realizing object of the present invention, a kind of electrostatic force that utilizes is provided on the other hand to make the first material and the second material electrostatic separation machine separated from one another, electrostatic separation machine comprises: charged elements, collide by making the first material and the second material and charged ball and rub to make the first material and the second material webs opposite charges, wherein, charged ball has the middle work function between the work function and the work function of the second material of the first material; Separative element, utilizes electrostatic force to make to be separated from each other with the first material of opposite charges and the second material.
Electrostatic separation machine can also comprise the cyclone separator be arranged between charged elements and separative element, and the ultra-fine dust produced when the first material and the second material and charged ball collide and rub in charged elements is removed by cyclone separator.
Charged elements can comprise: room, has interior zone, make in interior zone the first material and the second material charged; Multiple charged ball, moves everywhere in the interior zone of room; Whirligig, makes collision and the friction mutually in the interior zone of room of the first material, the second material and charged ball.
According to many aspects of the present invention, material stirs thus mutually collides and rub together with charged ball.This method not only increases charging efficiency and improves the degree of dissociation of material.
Particularly, the first material and the second material are charged by first time by colliding with charged ball and rub, then charged by second time by collide with rotating shaft and turning arm and rub, and by colliding with the inner surface of room and rubbing and quilt is charged for the third time.By this way, the charging efficiency of the first material and the second material is maximized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Detailed description during by considering below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, will more clearly understand above and other object of the present invention, other advantage of characteristic sum, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the charged elements illustrated according to an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the electrostatic separation machine illustrated according to an embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Present general describe exemplary embodiment more fully with reference to accompanying drawing here.But the disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to exemplary embodiment set forth herein.On the contrary, provide these exemplary embodiments to make the disclosure to be thoroughly with complete, and these exemplary embodiments will pass to those skilled in the art more fully the scope of the present disclosure.In the accompanying drawings, the element of same drawing reference numeral TYP.
The present invention relates to a kind of make to exist as mixture the first material and the second material webs opposite charges make the first material and the second material technology separated from one another in the mode of electrostatic.The present invention is preferably applied to relatively short grained separation.Following public exemplary embodiment relates to being separated of carbon (the first material) in coal and ash content (the second material).But, the invention is not restricted to be applied to being separated of carbon in coal and ash content, and or rather, the present invention is applied to the electrostatic separation of various small sized particles.Particularly, often kind of material in the first material and the second material can be not limited to homogeneous material.That is, the first material and the second material can be dissimilar materials.Therefore, the first material and often kind of material in the second material can be the mixtures of the almost identical different materials of work function.Such as, ash content can refer to such as SiO
2or Al
2o
3impurity.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the charged elements illustrated according to an embodiment, and Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the electrostatic separation machine illustrated according to an embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, electrostatic separation machine comprises charged elements 100, cyclone separator 200 and separative element 300.
Charged elements 100 makes carbon and ash content oppositely charged.Charged elements 100 comprises room 110, charged ball 120, whirligig 130 and tiling arrangement 140.
Room 110 is for providing the device making carbon and the charged space of ash content.Room 110 has interior zone 113, the entrance 111 located at its upper end and the outlet 112 located bottom it, wherein, make in interior zone 113 carbon and ash content charged, carbon and ash content are incorporated in interior zone 113 by entrance 111, and charged carbon and ash content are discharged to the outside of room 110 by outlet 112.
The interior zone 113 of room 110 can have cylindrical form, makes the interior zone 113 of room 110 easily can be connected to whirligig.
Screen cloth 114 is arranged in outlet 112.Screen cloth 114 allows carbon and ash content pass but do not allow charged ball 120 to pass.Charged carbon and ash content from interior zone 113 free-falling, through screen cloth 114, and finally leave room 110 due to they self weight.By changing the size of mesh of screen cloth 114, the granularity of carbon and ash content can be adjusted.
The charging efficiency of carbon and ash content is very easily by the restriction of the humidity in the interior zone 113 of room 110.When the humidity of the interior zone 113 of room 110 increases, the charging efficiency of carbon and ash content reduces.In order to prevent the humidity of the interior zone 113 of room 110 from increasing, such as the temperature control unit of heater 115 is installed on the sidewall of room 110.That is, heater 115 plays the effect of the internal temperature constant keeping interior zone 113.On the inwall that heater 115 can be arranged on room 110 or be arranged on the outer wall of room 110.
Charged ball 120 is the band electric tools for making carbon ribbon opposite charges, and itself and carbon granule are compared with ash particles and had larger diameter.Charged ball 120 can be made up of the material of the middle work function had between the work function and the work function of ash content of carbon, thus charged ball 120 can make the surface band negative electrical charge of carbon granule and make the surface band positive charge of ash particles.Such as, charged ball 120 can be made up of at least any one material in following material: copper, brass, aluminium, special teflon (Teflon), acryl and PVC.According to the present embodiment, the work function of carbon is 4.0eV, is categorized as the SiO of ash content
2and Al
2o
3work function be 5.4eV and 4.7eV respectively.Therefore, charged ball can be made up of the brass of work function to be the copper of 4.38eV or work function be 4.28eV, and wherein, the work function of copper and brass is all greater than 4.0eV and is less than 4.7eV.In addition, because the SiO in ash content
2content quite a lot of, therefore also can use the PVC that work function is 4.85eV.
Charged ball 120 can be not limited to the ball be made up of a kind of material, and can be the ball be made up of two or more materials.But when charged ball 120 is made up of two or more materials, the work function forming the mixture of two or more materials described of charged ball 120 must between the work function of carbon and the work function of ash content.
Charged ball 120 can have the diameter spherical form larger than the diameter of carbon granule and ash particles.Preferably, the size of charged ball 120 can be 4 times to 10 times of the size of carbon granule and ash particles large.Such as, when the diameter of carbon granule and ash particles be about 75 μm or less time, the diameter of charged ball can be 300 μm to 750 μm.In this case, the size of charged ball 120 can be overall homogeneous.But preferably, charged ball 120 can be of different sizes to increase friction efficiency.Such as, charged ball 120 can be the mixture of the charged ball that charged ball and carbon granule that 6 times to 8 times of charged ball, carbon granule and the ash particles that carbon granule and ash particles 4 times to 6 times are large are large and ash particles 8 times to 10 times are large.
In addition, because the inner surface of room 110 also by the collision of carbon and ash content and friction help to make carbon and ash content charged, so the inner surface of room 110 also image-tape electricity ball 120 is the same is made up of the material of the middle work function had between the work function and the work function of ash content of carbon.
Whirligig 130 moves around by transferring in room 110 inward turning to impel in carbon and ash content and charged ball 120 interior zone 113 in room 110, thus impels carbon and ash content and charged ball impinging one another and rub.Whirligig 130 comprise the outside being arranged on room 110 motor 131, rotate and the rotating shaft 132 extended to from outside the interior zone 113 of room 110 and engaging with rotating shaft 132 and the multiple turning arms 133 rotated together with rotating shaft 132 under the effect of motor 131.
Turning arm 133 is radially arranged.That is, turning arm 133 is arranged to and extends from the inner surface of the appearance faced chamber 110 of rotating shaft 132.
Turning arm 133 with in the interior zone 113 being present in room 110 of rotating shaft 132 at least partially by the collision of carbon and ash content make carbon and ash content charged.Therefore, this part in the interior zone 113 being present in room 110 of turning arm 133 and rotating shaft 132 is preferably made up of the material of the middle work function had between the work function and the work function of ash content of carbon.
The inner surface of room 110, charged ball 120, turning arm 133 are preferably made up of identical material with this part in the interior zone 113 being present in room 110 of rotating shaft 132.
Tiling arrangement 140 makes room 110 tilt to adjust the angle of inclination of room 110.Tiling arrangement 140 comprises cylinder 141 and linkage 142.
Cylinder 141 is the devices for room 110 of directly fascinating.Cylinder 141 is fixedly mounted on the region near room 110.Cylinder 141 has the action bars of the mid portion of the outer surface being connected to room 110.Linkage 142 is fixed to the region near room 110 and is connected to the lower end of the outer surface of room 110.
When operating cylinder 141 and making action bars be inserted in cylinder, external force is applied to the outer surface of room 110.By this operation, room 110 is made to fascinate about linkage 142 and keep this heeling condition.When operating cylinder 141 and making action bars be driven to outside, fascinated in room 110 and room 110 turns back to its initial position about linkage 142.
The electric charge that carbon is contrary with ash content band is made in charged elements 110.In this case, along with the collision of carbon and ash content and charged ball 120, carbon and ash content may be broken.In this operating process, occur obviously little than target particles and there is the ultra-fine dust of less desirable granularity.Ultra-fine dust is the main cause of the poor efficiency of electrostatic separation.Therefore, preferably removed before ultra-fine dust is incorporated in separative element 300.
According to the present embodiment, cyclone separator 200 is arranged between charged elements 100 and separative element 300.
The ultra-fine dust of discharging from charged elements 100 and carbon and ash content are introduced in the cyclone separator 200 be arranged between charged elements 100 and separative element 300.Ultra-fine dust is removed by cyclone separator 200, thus only the carbon granule and ash particles that exceed preliminary dimension is incorporated in separative element 300.
Separative element 300 utilizes the carbon of electrostatic force by oppositely charged and the unit of ash separation.Separative element 300 can comprise electrostatic force can be utilized to be classified with ash content by carbon and the various devices be separated.According to the present embodiment, separative element 300 comprises positive plate 310 and the negative plate 320 of layout separated from one another and facing with each other.In the vertical direction installed by positive plate 310 and negative plate 320.Collection is separated and the storage bin hopper 330 of the carbon of classifying and ash content is placed on below positive plate 310 and negative plate 320.
When powering to positive plate 310 and negative plate 320, positive plate 310 and negative plate 320 positively charged and negative electricity.Now, when passing between positive plate 310 and negative plate 320 when electronegative carbon and positively charged ash content free-falling, while carbon and ash content are falling and just passing between positive plate 310 and negative plate 320, electronegative carbon to move and positively charged ash content moves towards negative plate 320 towards positive plate 310.
Storage bin hopper 330 is arranged on below the gap that is formed between positive plate 310 and negative plate 320.The inside of stock chest 330 is divided into the first storage compartment 331 storing carbon and the second storage compartment 332 storing ash content by dividing plate 333.
First storage compartment 331 and the second storage compartment 332 open at its top place, thus move the carbon of whereabouts towards positive plate 310 and be separately stored in the first storage compartment 331 and the second storage compartment 332 towards the ash content that negative plate 320 moves whereabouts.Relative to the center line between positive plate 310 and negative plate 320, the first storage compartment 331 is arranged on side of the positive electrode and the second storage compartment 332 is arranged on negative side.
Operation according to the electrostatic separation machine of an embodiment will be described below.
As shown in Figure 3, carbon and ash content are incorporated in the interior zone 113 of room 110 by the entrance 111 of room 110.Then, starter motor 130, thus rotating shaft 132 and turning arm 133 are rotated.Then, the rotation of rotating shaft 132 and turning arm 133 makes charged ball 120, carbon and ash content in the interior zone 113 of room 110 rotate and rotates charged ball 120, carbon and the ash content in the interior zone 113 of room 110 to carry out vigorous agitation.Now, carbon and ash content and charged ball collide and rub, thus make carbon and ash content charged for the first time.In addition, while carbon and ash content and rotating shaft 132 and turning arm 133 collide and rub, make carbon and ash content secondary charged.In addition, carbon and ash content by collide with the inner surface of room 110 and rub and three times charged.In this technical process, a part for carbon and ash content may be smashed by charged ball 120.
Then, while charged carbon granule and charged ash particles rotate in the interior zone of room under the effect of their self gravitations free-falling through the outlet 112 of room 110.Carbon and ash content are discharged to the outside of room 110 while passing screen cloth 114, but charged ball 120 is stayed in the interior zone 113 of room 110.
At this, in order to adjust carbon and the time of staying of ash content in the interior zone 113 of room 110, opening tiling arrangement 140, making room 110 be tilt.
Then, carbon and ash content to be introduced in cyclone separator 200 and with the ultra-fine dust separation produced in charged elements 100.Then, carbon and ash content are discharged.
The carbon of discharge and ash content are incorporated in the gap between positive plate 310 and negative plate 320.Now, electronegative carbon moves towards positive plate 310 and finally drops to the first storage compartment 331 of storage bin hopper 330 while free-falling, and the ash content of positively charged moves towards negative plate 320 and finally drops to the second storage compartment 332 of storage bin hopper 330 while free-falling.That is, carbon and ash content are separately stored in the first storage compartment 331 and the second storage compartment 332.
With reference to shown in accompanying drawing only for providing illustrative object exemplary embodiment to describe the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments, but limited by claim.Therefore, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that not departing under the prerequisite as scope and spirit of the present invention disclosed in this claim, various amendment, interpolation and replacement can be made.
Claims (9)
1. make a charged elements for the first material and the second material webs opposite charges, described charged elements comprises with the first material and the second material impacts and the charged ball rubbed, and wherein, described charged ball meets following condition:
The work function of work function < second material of the charged ball of work function < of the first material.
2. charged elements as claimed in claim 1, described charged elements also comprises:
Room, has entrance, outlet and interior zone, wherein, is incorporated in room by entrance by the first material and the second material, by outlet, the first material and the second material is discharged to the outside of room, makes the first material and the second material webs opposite charges in interior zone; And
Whirligig, makes the first material, the second material and charged ball mutually collide and rub in interior zone.
3. charged elements as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described whirligig comprises:
Motor, is arranged on the outside of room;
Rotating shaft, rotates and is mounted to extend in the interior zone of room from the outside under the effect of motor; And
Multiple turning arm, engages to rotate together with rotating shaft with rotating shaft,
Wherein, rotating shaft be present in part in the interior zone of room and turning arm is made up of the material of the middle work function had between the work function and the work function of the second material of the first material.
4. charged elements as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the inner surface of room is made up of the material of the middle work function had between the work function and the work function of the second material of the first material.
5. charged elements as claimed in claim 2, described charged elements also comprises the tiling arrangement at the angle of inclination adjusting room of being fascinated by the room of making.
6. charged elements as claimed in claim 2, described charged elements also comprises the temperature control unit be arranged on the sidewall of room, and temperature control unit keeps constant interior zone temperature.
7. utilize electrostatic force to make the first material and the second material electrostatic separation machine separated from one another, described electrostatic separation machine comprises:
Charged elements, collides by making the first material and the second material and charged ball and rubs and make the first material and the second material webs opposite charges, and wherein, charged ball has the middle work function between the work function and the work function of the second material of the first material; And
Separative element, utilizes electrostatic force to make to be separated from each other with the first material of opposite charges and the second material.
8. electrostatic separation machine as claimed in claim 7, described electrostatic separation machine also comprises cyclone separator, cyclone separator is arranged between charged elements and separative element, and the ultra-fine dust produced when the first material and the second material and charged ball collide and rub in charged elements is removed by cyclone separator.
9. electrostatic separation machine as claimed in claim 7, wherein, charged elements comprises:
Room, has interior zone, make in interior zone the first material and the second material charged;
Multiple charged ball, moves everywhere in the interior zone of room; And
Whirligig, makes the first material, the second material and charged ball mutually collide and rub in the interior zone of room.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020130141866A KR101569584B1 (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2013-11-21 | Electric charging unit and electroststic separation apparatus using the same |
| KR10-2013-0141866 | 2013-11-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104646178A true CN104646178A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| CN104646178B CN104646178B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
Family
ID=53238109
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410677222.7A Expired - Fee Related CN104646178B (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | Charged elements and the electrostatic separation machine using the charged elements |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR101569584B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104646178B (en) |
Cited By (10)
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| CN105618732A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-temperature alloy powder |
| CN106552713A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-04-05 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | A kind of friction electric dust collector, dust pelletizing system and dust collection method |
| WO2017088584A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Triboelectric dust removal device, dust removal system, and dust removal method |
| CN107837965A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-27 | 山西农业大学 | The imitative camel nasal cavity type electrostatic precipitation separator of chicken brooding house |
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| CN106552713A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-04-05 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | A kind of friction electric dust collector, dust pelletizing system and dust collection method |
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| CN105618732A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-temperature alloy powder |
| CN105618732B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-25 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of superalloy powder |
| CN108057523A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-22 | 南方科技大学 | Friction electric heating electric dust removal detection equipment and dust removal detection method thereof |
| CN108014922A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-11 | 南方科技大学 | Triboelectric thermoelectric internal stirring dust removal detection device and dust removal detection method thereof |
| CN108097458A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-06-01 | 南方科技大学 | Thermoelectric self-driven dust removal detection equipment and dust removal detection method thereof |
| CN108176510A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-06-19 | 南方科技大学 | Friction electric heating self-driven dust removal detection equipment and dust removal detection method thereof |
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| CN108176509A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-19 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of electrostatic instant gas particle purifying device of contact |
| CN113117906A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 西南石油大学 | Electrostatic cyclone composite separation device for shale hammer mill drilling cuttings dust |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101569584B1 (en) | 2015-11-16 |
| CN104646178B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
| KR20150058738A (en) | 2015-05-29 |
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