CN106890729B - A kind of hierarchical friction charging method and device - Google Patents
A kind of hierarchical friction charging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106890729B CN106890729B CN201710149556.0A CN201710149556A CN106890729B CN 106890729 B CN106890729 B CN 106890729B CN 201710149556 A CN201710149556 A CN 201710149556A CN 106890729 B CN106890729 B CN 106890729B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002801 charged material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/02—Separators
Landscapes
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种分级摩擦荷电方法及装置，利用旋流器型摩擦荷电器的分级和摩擦荷电作用，以风力驱动物料通过一个沿风路方向具有多级分离粒度梯度的旋流器型摩擦荷电器组，将粒度范围宽的物料分成若干窄粒级进行摩擦荷电，不仅能够消减摩擦荷电器内粗细颗粒混杂和细泥弥散对摩擦荷电的影响，还能避免旋流器型摩擦荷电器细粒级难以荷电的问题，有利于物料的摩擦荷电，提高带电量，与此同时，由于窄粒级物料粒度均匀，也有利于提高后续静电分选的分选效率。
The invention discloses a classification triboelectric charging method and device, which utilizes the classification and triboelectric action of a cyclone-type triboelectric electric device to drive materials by wind force through a cyclone with a multi-stage separation particle size gradient along the direction of the wind path Type friction charger group, which divides materials with a wide particle size range into several narrow grades for friction charging. The problem that the fine-grained triboelectric charger is difficult to charge is beneficial to the frictional charging of the material and improves the charging capacity. At the same time, the uniform particle size of the narrow-grained material is also beneficial to improve the sorting efficiency of the subsequent electrostatic separation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of friction charged method and devices of classification, belong to electric separation technical field.
Background technique
Electric separation is a kind of sorting technology separated, purified using the electrical property difference of substance, is classified, have efficiently,
The advantages that energy conservation and environmental protection, has been widely used in sorting mineral, agricultural product sorting etc..Charged material is to realize electric separation separation
Basic condition and electric separation research main contents.The charged mode of material is varied, have corona charging, contact it is charged,
Composite Field is charged, electrostatic induction is charged and friction charged etc., wherein the friction charged lotus that can not only be realized between conductor material
Electricity, moreover it is possible to realize charged between non-conductor material, be a kind of charged mode of great potential.
It is friction charged to be divided into two classes according to the difference of driving force, one kind be using mechanical force or mineral self gravity as
Defeated mine power, including vibra shoot, chute, rotor, turbine etc., often there is that carrying capacity is few, ore particle is charged uneven, charged
The disadvantages of poor selectivity and equipment easy to wear；Another kind of is using air stream as defeated mine power, including fluidized bed, air cyclone
Deng, charged effect preferably, adapt to that ore properties are wide, follow-up separation easily matches and dust pollution is controllable, be considered to have good
Prospect.
It requires to make valuable mineral and gangue mineral monomer dissociation by ore grinding before material is selected, ore grinding is one very complicated
Process, ore milling product is often the wide hybrid particles of particle size range, can not grind narrow grade product effectively still at present
Method and apparatus, and it is numerous friction charged studies have shown that material size range it is more big be unfavorable for it is friction charged, especially slightly
Fine grained mixes the case where with thin mud disperse.Since electric separation is a kind of dry type ore sorting method, traditional wet grinding and classification are difficult
To be applied to electric separation or need to increase cost dehydration, drying process.The friction charged device of eddy flow type is a kind of air-flowing type friction
Charge electric appliance not only has charged effect, moreover it is possible to be classified, dry milling can be cooperated to use, but its to be used for material friction charged
When, charged effect is poor, and fine will be spilled off and be difficult to realize charged.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of friction charged method and device of classification, is connected by the friction charged device of several eddy flow types
The friction charged device group of composition eddy flow type carries out the friction charged device group of friction charged or eddy flow type and rubs again with other kinds of
It is friction charged to wipe charge electric appliance combination progress, makes full use of the grading of the friction charged device of eddy flow type, particle size range is wide
Material is divided into several narrow grades and carries out friction charged, mixes with thin mud disperse to cut down large or fine granule to friction charged shadow
It rings, keeps material friction charged more sufficiently.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of friction charged method of classification, the friction charged device of more than two eddy flow types is connected, and composition eddy flow type rubs
Charge electric appliance group is wiped, is allowed to form gas-solid biphase flow with thickness mixture of the wind drive after dry, rub from first eddy flow type
The feed pipe for wiping charge electric appliance feeds the friction charged device group of eddy flow type, under the grading of the friction charged device group of eddy flow type,
Material is divided into several narrow grades, while carrying out friction charged；Difficult charged thin mud is from the friction charged device of end eddy flow type
Overflow pipe discharge, recycled into deduster, the air after removing thin mud feeds blower, forms wind path circulation；Lotus
Narrow grade material after electricity is discharged from the underflow pipe of the corresponding friction charged device of eddy flow type respectively, can directly feed high-pressure electrostatic
Sorting, or feed strengthen again in other friction charged devices it is charged；
The arrangement for forming each friction charged device of eddy flow type of the friction charged device group of eddy flow type meets in the following conditions
Any one or more conditions: from head to tail, the internal diameter of the friction charged device of eddy flow type is sequentially reduced, feed pipe bore successively subtracts
Small, overfall tube diameter, which is sequentially reduced, cone angle is sequentially reduced, overflow pipe insertion depth is sequentially reduced, bores ratio is sequentially increased.
A kind of friction charged device of classification, including the friction charged device group 2 of charging gear 1, eddy flow type, deduster 3, blower
4 and pipeline 5, the friction charged device group 2 of eddy flow type be composed in series by more than two friction charged devices of eddy flow type；
There are three openings, i.e. overflow pipe 6, feed pipe 7 and underflow pipe 8 for the friction charged device of eddy flow type, wherein under underflow pipe 8
End setting ring flange 9, for connecting high-voltage electrostatic field sorting unit or other friction charged devices；
Charging gear 1 is arranged on the pipeline 5 before the feed pipe 7 of the first friction charged device of eddy flow type, previous eddy flow
The overflow pipe of the friction charged device of type is connected to by pipeline 5 with the feed pipe of the friction charged device of the latter eddy flow type, end rotation
The overflow pipe of the stream friction charged device of type is connected to by pipeline 5 with deduster 3, and deduster 3 passes through the entrance of pipeline 5 and blower 4
The outlet of connection, blower 4 is connected to by pipeline 5 with the feed pipe of the first friction charged device of eddy flow type, and whole device forms one
A closed wind path circulation；
The arrangement for forming each friction charged device of eddy flow type of the friction charged device group 2 of eddy flow type meets in the following conditions
Any one or more conditions: from head to tail, the internal diameter of the friction charged device of eddy flow type is sequentially reduced, feed pipe bore successively subtracts
Small, overfall tube diameter, which is sequentially reduced, cone angle is sequentially reduced, overflow pipe insertion depth is sequentially reduced, bores ratio is sequentially increased；
All friction charged devices of eddy flow type of the composition friction charged device group 2 of eddy flow type are fixed by the bracket, and make it
Position is constant, and is that underflow pipe 8 is put downward.
The friction charged device basic structure of the eddy flow type and material are all the same, only exist the difference of structural parameters.
The course of work of the friction charged device of classification of the present invention: thickness mixture feeds pipe by charging gear 1
Road 5 forms gas-solid biphase flow under the driving of wind-force and feeds the first friction charged device of eddy flow type, fine grained and air to center
Axis direction movement, and an inside vortex moved upwards is formed in axis centre, second rotation is escaped and enter from overflow pipe 6
Flow the friction charged device of type；Coarse granule moves axially downwards under the action of flow field, moves radially outwards, and reaches circular cone
Moved downward after chamber b along wall, generate violent friction between particle, between particle and wall and charged, it is charged after particle
It is discharged from underflow pipe 8, high-voltage electrostatic field can be fed and sorted, or fed other friction charged devices and strengthen friction again
It is charged.Same process occurs for the friction charged device of second eddy flow type, and so on, the air of entrained fines grade material flows into
Enter the friction charged device of end eddy flow type, wherein difficult charged fine mud material enters deduster after overflow pipe discharge with air
Purification, purified air enter blower, complete a complete circulation.Due to the connected friction charged device of eddy flow type along
Air-flow direction has certain partition size gradient, and thickness mixture will be divided into several narrow grade materials, Neng Gougeng
Effectively carry out it is friction charged, and final difficult charged fine mud material by most end the friction charged device of eddy flow type overflow
Pipe discharge, is recycled in deduster.
The principle of the present invention: the friction charged device of eddy flow type refers to the cyclone friction charged as ore particle, by cylindrical cavity a and
Conical cavity b is constituted, and there are three openings, i.e. feed pipe 7, overflow pipe 6 and underflow pipe 8 for tool.Feed and medium (such as dry air, non-
Conductive air-liquid medium etc.) formed mixture high speed feed the friction charged device of eddy flow type along a tangential direction from feed pipe, in circle
High speed rotation flow field is generated in column chamber a, coarse granule is moved axially downwards under the action of flow field, is moved radially outwards,
It moves downward after reaching conical cavity b along wall, and is discharged from underflow pipe, form outer swirling flow field；Fine grained and medium are to center
Axis direction movement, and an inside vortex moved upwards is formed in axis centre, it is then discharged by overflow pipe 6, to realize
Classification；The friction charged device of eddy flow type structural parameters (such as internal diameter --- refer to cylindrical cavity a diameter, feed pipe bore, cone angle
β --- the centrum angle, the overfall tube diameter, overflow pipe insertion depth, overflow thickness of pipe wall, cone ratio that refer to conical cavity b --- refers to underflow
The ratio between pipe diameter and overfall tube diameter, inside surface roughness etc.) and operating parameter (such as feeding pressure, feeding coal, feedstock concentrations
With feeding granularity etc.) its classification efficiency and partition size can be all influenced, wherein structural parameters and feeding pressure are that it is mainly influenced
Factor compares by adjusting internal diameter, feed pipe diameter, overfall tube diameter, cone angle, overflow pipe insertion depth, cone to realize separation grain
Spend gradient, it is however generally that, internal diameter reduces, feed pipe bore reduces, overfall tube diameter reduces, cone angle reduces, overflow pipe insertion is deep
Degree reduces, cone attenuates than increasing partition size.
The present invention is composed in series the friction charged device group of eddy flow type using multiple friction charged devices of eddy flow type, forms eddy flow
Each friction charged device of eddy flow type of the friction charged device group of type, from head to tail, internal diameter is sequentially reduced, feed pipe bore successively subtracts
Small, overfall tube diameter, which is sequentially reduced, cone angle is sequentially reduced, overflow pipe insertion depth is sequentially reduced, bores ratio is sequentially increased, so that slightly
Thin mixture forms certain partition size gradient along wind path direction, and the overflow granularity from head to tail is more and more thinner,
To being subdivided into several narrow grade materials, and make the narrow grade material after subdivision the corresponding friction charged device of eddy flow type into
Row it is friction charged, these narrow grades can also also be fed respectively in other kinds of friction charged device strengthen it is charged, will be very big
The friction charged effect of ground improving material realizes that the high efficiency of thickness mixture is charged.
Present invention has the advantage that
(1) thickness mixture is divided into several narrow grade materials, due to the epigranular of narrow grade material, mitigates thickness
Mix and interfered to friction charged bring, can greatly promote friction charged effect, other friction charged devices can also be fed
In strengthen again it is charged, the two accumulation be conducive to increase material friction charged carried charge；
(2) classification is friction charged can be pre-separated out difficult charged thin mud, avoid thin mud disperse in friction charged device
It influences；
(3) even-grained narrow grade material can not only obtain better friction charged effect, as subsequent electrostatic point
The feed of choosing, in assorting room can to avoid because particle size differences it is excessive caused by interfere, be conducive to improve the efficiency of separation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the friction charged device of classification of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the friction charged device structural schematic diagram of eddy flow type.
In figure: 1- charging gear, the friction charged device group of 2- eddy flow type, 3- deduster, 4- blower, 5- pipeline, 6- overflow
Pipe, 7- feed pipe, 8- underflow pipe, 9- ring flange, a- cylindrical cavity, b- conical cavity, β-cone angle.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, but the scope of the present invention be not limited to it is described
Content.
Embodiment 1
A kind of friction charged method of classification, the friction charged device of three eddy flow types is connected, from head to tail, eddy flow type rubs
Internal diameter, feed pipe bore, overfall tube diameter, cone angle and the overflow pipe insertion depth for wiping charge electric appliance are sequentially reduced, and cone ratio successively increases
Greatly, the friction charged device group of eddy flow type is formed.It is allowed to form gas-solid biphase flow with thickness mixture of the wind drive after dry,
The friction charged device group of eddy flow type is fed from the feed pipe of the first friction charged device of eddy flow type, in the friction charged device of eddy flow type
Under the grading of group, material is divided into three narrow grades, while carrying out friction charged；Difficult charged thin mud is from end cyclone
The overflow pipe of the friction charged device of type is discharged, and is recycled into deduster, and the air after removing thin mud feeds blower, forms one
Wind path circulation；Narrow grade material after charged is discharged from the underflow pipe of the corresponding friction charged device of eddy flow type respectively, directly feeds
High-voltage electrostatic field sorting.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of friction charged device of classification, including charging gear 1, the friction charged device of eddy flow type
Group 2, deduster 3, blower 4 and pipeline 5, the friction charged device group 2 of eddy flow type is by the friction charged device series connection group of three eddy flow types
At from head to tail, the internal diameter of the friction charged device of eddy flow type is sequentially reduced, respectively 500mm, 350mm and 250mm；Feed pipe
Bore is sequentially reduced, respectively 110 × 120mm2、80×65mm2With 50 × 20mm2；Overfall tube diameter is sequentially reduced, respectively
180mm, 115mm and 34mm；Cone angle is sequentially reduced, respectively 20 °, 19 ° and 18 °；Overflow pipe insertion depth is sequentially reduced, respectively
For 40mm, 32mm and 20mm；Cone ratio is sequentially increased, respectively 0.61,0.69 and 0.74；
There are three openings, i.e. overflow pipe 6, feed pipe 7 and underflow pipe 8 for the friction charged device of eddy flow type, wherein under underflow pipe 8
End setting ring flange 9, for connecting high-voltage electrostatic field；
Charging gear 1 is arranged on the pipeline 5 before the feed pipe 7 of the first friction charged device of eddy flow type, previous eddy flow
The overflow pipe of the friction charged device of type is connected to by pipeline 5 with the feed pipe of the friction charged device of the latter eddy flow type, end rotation
The overflow pipe of the stream friction charged device of type is connected to by pipeline 5 with deduster 3, and deduster 3 passes through the entrance of pipeline 5 and blower 4
The outlet of connection, blower 4 is connected to by pipeline 5 with the feed pipe of the first friction charged device of eddy flow type, and whole device forms one
A closed wind path circulation；
All friction charged devices of eddy flow type are fixed by the bracket, and keep its position constant, and are underflow pipe 8 towards the bottom
It puts；The friction charged device basic structure of all eddy flow types is all the same, and is all made of stainless steel production.
Embodiment 2
A kind of friction charged method of classification, basic principle is same as Example 1, and difference is the friction charged device of eddy flow type
Group 2 is composed in series by two friction charged devices of eddy flow type.From head to tail, the internal diameter of the friction charged device of eddy flow type, cone angle and
Overflow pipe insertion depth is constant, and feed pipe bore, overfall tube diameter are sequentially reduced；Cone ratio is sequentially increased；Material is divided into two
Narrow grade.
A kind of friction charged device of classification, basic structure is same as Example 1, and difference is the friction charged device of eddy flow type
Group 2 is composed in series by two friction charged devices of eddy flow type.From head to tail, the internal diameter of the friction charged device of eddy flow type, cone angle and
Overflow pipe insertion depth is constant, respectively 350mm, 20 ° and 35mm；Feed pipe bore is sequentially reduced, respectively 80 × 65mm2With
70×60mm2；Overfall tube diameter is sequentially reduced, respectively 115mm and 95mm；Cone ratio is sequentially increased, and respectively 0.61 and 0.84；
All friction charged devices of eddy flow type are made of organic glass.
Embodiment 3
A kind of friction charged method of classification, basic principle is same as Example 2, and difference is, from head to tail, eddy flow type
The cone angle of friction charged device is constant, and internal diameter, feed pipe bore, overfall tube diameter, overflow pipe insertion depth are sequentially reduced；Cone than according to
Secondary increase；Material is divided into two narrow grades.
A kind of friction charged device of classification, basic structure is same as Example 2, and difference is, from head to tail, eddy flow type
The cone angle of friction charged device is constant, is 20 °；Internal diameter is sequentially reduced, respectively 300mm and 150mm；Feed pipe bore successively subtracts
It is small, respectively 47 × 60mm2With 22 × 22mm2；Overfall tube diameter is sequentially reduced, respectively 75mm and 32mm；Overflow pipe insertion is deep
Degree is sequentially reduced, respectively 30mm and 20mm；Cone ratio is sequentially increased, and respectively 0.53 and 0.75；All eddy flow types friction lotuses
Electric appliance is made of fine copper.
Embodiment 4
A kind of friction charged method of classification, basic principle is same as Example 1, and difference is, from head to tail, eddy flow type
Than constant, internal diameter is sequentially reduced feed pipe bore, overfall tube diameter, cone angle, overflow pipe insertion depth and the cone of friction charged device；
Material is divided into three narrow grades.
A kind of friction charged device of classification, basic structure is same as Example 1, and difference is, from head to tail, eddy flow type
The feed pipe bore of friction charged device, overfall tube diameter, cone angle, overflow pipe insertion depth and cone than constant, respectively 25 ×
10mm2, 40mm, 20 °, 24mm and 0.62；Internal diameter is sequentially reduced, respectively 250mm, 150mm and 125mm；All eddy flow types
Friction charged device is made of fine copper.
Claims (5)
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| CN107684978A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-13 | 宁波工程学院 | A kind of circulating frictional static dust arrester |
| CN109622231B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-04-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Pre-grading reinforced charged triboelectric sorting device and method |
| CN112934470A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-11 | 大连理工大学 | Magnesite powder composite particle grading and triboelectric separation device |
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| US3741485A (en) * | 1971-06-03 | 1973-06-26 | Carborundum Co | Fluid energy grinder for increasing bulk density of materials |
| JPS6283059A (en) * | 1985-10-09 | 1987-04-16 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Electric field matrix type sieving device |
| NL9300041A (en) * | 1993-01-08 | 1994-08-01 | Heidemij Realisatie Bv | Treatment of organic material. |
| JP2002527223A (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2002-08-27 | デルシス ファーマシューティカル コーポレーション | Fluid powder dispersion equipment |
| CN102836786B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-05-27 | 上海交通大学 | Material separation device on basis of friction static electricity |
| CN104941812B (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2017-03-29 | 中国矿业大学 | The fine granule material friction electrical selection method and device of lateral negative-pressure adsorption |
| CN105903570B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-08-29 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of impact type triboelectric separator |
| CN205868552U (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-01-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Inclined partition plate box of inclining friction lotus electrical apparatus |
| CN106040729A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-26 | 华东理工大学 | Method for reinforcing pollutant desorption in fine soil particles |
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