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CN104646017B - Catalyst for selective oxidation of acrolein and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Catalyst for selective oxidation of acrolein and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104646017B
CN104646017B CN201310585717.2A CN201310585717A CN104646017B CN 104646017 B CN104646017 B CN 104646017B CN 201310585717 A CN201310585717 A CN 201310585717A CN 104646017 B CN104646017 B CN 104646017B
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catalyst
lanthanum
oxide
molybdenum
roasting
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CN104646017A (en
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王学丽
常晓昕
吴毅
翟月勤
范国宁
景志刚
陈红
李自夏
王玲玲
高杜娟
林宏
蔡小霞
王芳
耿占杰
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a catalyst (I) for selective oxidation of acrolein, which contains molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, copper, strontium and tungsten and mainly comprises the general formula Moa′Vb′Nic′Cud′SrfWhMiNjSikOy(I) is shown in the specification, wherein: mo is molybdenum, V is vanadium, Ni is nickel, Cu is copper, Sr is strontium, W is tungsten, Si is silicon, and silicon is a carrier added in the catalyst. The catalyst also contains magnesium lanthanum aluminate oxide. The catalyst is used for olefin selective oxidation reaction, is not easy to generate phase transition, and has the characteristics of high reaction activity and selectivity and good stability.

Description

The catalyst of acrolein selectivity oxidation and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of acrolein selectivity oxidation catalyst and preparation method thereof, for being catalyzed prepared by acrolein oxidation Acrylic acid.
Background technology
Industrial at present main acrylic acid is prepared using propylene two-step oxidizing process, propylene catalytic gas phase oxidation first generates third Olefine aldehydr, acrylic aldehyde is reoxidised into acrylic acid.
Industrial acrolein oxidation prepare acrylic acid reaction unit be mainly many reaction tubes, ensure catalyst not by On the premise of sintering, long service life, improve selectivity and purpose product yield as far as possible, save raw material, if feed stock conversion, Even if acrylic acid yield improves 0.1~0.5 percentage point, the amount of the product obtaining is increased with the level of hundreds of~thousands of tons of, its Economic benefit is also very considerable.
It is mainly molybdenum system multicomponent catalyst with regard to propylene fraction oxidation acrolein, acrylic acid catalyst.Due to propylene It is strong exothermal reaction that selective oxidation prepares the acrylic acid reaction of acrylic aldehyde, so be passed through the big water of specific heat in course of reaction steaming Gas, effectively to remove reaction heat, but the easy loss under the washing away of the air-flows such as vapor such as active component molybdenum in catalyst. And, under the high temperature conditions, in catalyst, part active component molybdenum loses because of distillation from catalyst surface.Active component molybdenum Run off and lead to reduce activity, selectivity, intensity and the service life of catalyst, and molybdenum, in the deposition in response system downstream, hinders Plug pipeline affects the long-term operation of system.
In addition, active component molybdenum in catalyst etc. enables keeping not running off, substantially change before and after the reaction of molybdenum equal size Less, but easily there is phase in version through long-term operation activity compatible.Key component in catalyst includes Fe2(MoO4)3、 α-Bi2(MoO4)3、CoMoO4And NiMoO4, wherein α-Bi2(MoO4)3It is Active sites, play selective oxidation effect;Fe2 (MoO4)3Play redox facilitation;CoMoO4And NiMoO4Play Stability Analysis of Structures effect.However, the coprecipitation method system of adopting Standby catalyst is many due to component, and process is complicated, and catalyst stabilization differs, although initial activity is very high, inactivation is fast.Lead to many Component Mo-Bi-Co-Fe-O catalyst and Mo-V-O catalyst inactivation and stability decline factor have a lot, including because The locally sublimation of Mo component caused by abnormal high temperature (focus) and the change of irreversible crystalline phase etc..These factors all can be drawn Play the change of specificity of catalyst, lead to the service life reducing and shortening catalyst of catalyst activity.By urging to inactivation Agent carries out phenetic analysis, finds Fe2(MoO4)3It is reduced into FeMoO4, and α-Bi2(MoO4)3It is changed into γ-Bi2MoO6.
Solve the above problems, the patent being related to is relatively more, for example, for suppressing the loss of molybdenum, CN1583261 is open a kind of It is selectively oxidized the composition metal of reaction for the gas containing unsaturated aldehyde and a kind of gas of molecule-containing keto in the gas phase Oxide catalyst, its catalyst consists of:[MoaVbCucXd]Ym[SbeZ1 fZ2 g]nOxWherein Mo is molybdenum, and V is vanadium, and Cu is copper, Sb is antimony, and X is a kind of element being at least selected from tungsten and niobium, and Y is at least to be selected from titanium, a kind of element of antimony, Z1It is at least chosen from Fe With a kind of element of nickel, Z2It is at least to be selected from silicon, aluminum, a kind of element of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions, a, b, c, d, e, f, g and x Represent the atomic ratio number of its element, when on the basis of a=12, b is 1 to 6 number, and c is 0.5 to 4 number, and d is 0.05 To 4 number, e is 0.1 to 30 number, and f is 0 to 25 number, and g is 0.01 to 20 number;X is by meeting A number needed for each metallic element combined oxidation state;Catalyst is made up of its each element oxide or composite oxides.
In order to improve the stability of catalyst, CN1130172 discloses a kind of acrylic acid catalyst, respectively use ammonium metavanadate and Copper nitrate, and replace ammonium metavanadate with low price barium oxide and/or low price Cu oxide part and/or copper nitrate make vanadium metal and Catalyst obtained by the raw material of copper or in addition to above-mentioned raw materials, is obtained using low price sb oxide and/or low price tin-oxide Catalyst show there is a strengthened peak (vanadium-molybdenum reactive compound is peculiar) in d=4.00 and has in d=4.38_ The V of one strength reduction2O5Specific peak.So, catalyst obtained above has the catalysis activity of raising, and can be long-term Show stability.Similar also has patent documentation 1:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2002-233757 publication, patent documentation 2:Japan is special Open flat 8-299797 publication, patent documentation 3:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 9-194213 publication, patent documentation 4:Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2004- No. 504288 publications;CN102066000A.
For improving activity, selectivity and the catalyst life of catalyst, the open one kind of CN200980112659.3 comprises The coating catalyst of following components:A () carrier, (b) comprises molybdenum oxide or forms the first of the precursor compound of molybdenum oxide Layer, (c) comprises the second layer of the poly-metal deoxide containing molybdenum and at least one other metal.The molybdenum oxide of preferably ground floor is MoO3, the poly-metal deoxide that the poly-metal deoxide of the second layer represents for formula II:Mo12BiaCrbX1 cFedX2 eX3 fOy.This is urged Agent is the application type catalyst including carrier.Goal of the invention is suppression heterogeneously catalysed partial gas phase oxidation acrylic aldehyde is propylene The coating catalyst inactivation of acid, has improved inactivation performance.This invention is not expressly recited catalyst and is used for being catalyzed propylene Oxidation acrolein, acrylic acid reactivity worth evaluating data, such as conversion ratio, selectivity, yield etc..CN87103192 is open A kind of method producing composite oxide catalysts, the Mo-Bi composite oxide catalysts wherein being represented with following chemical formula Production method includes formation complex in coherent element source compound incorporation Aquo System and carries out heat treatment to this complex, Using (a) Bi and Na or (b) Bi, Na and X or (c) Bi and X waltherite complex a kind of compound as Bi source, this be combined At least contain in thing partly that required Na and/or X be wherein:X represents Mg, Ca, Zn, Ce and/or Sm;Y represents K, Rb, Cs and/or Tl; Z represents B, P, As and/or W;A-K represents respective atomic ratio, as a=12, b=0.5-7, c=0-10, d=0-10, c+d=1- 10th, e=0.05-3, f=0.01-1, g=0-1, h=0.04-0.4, i=0-3, j=0-48, k are one and meet other element oxide states Number.Solve Bi can in composite oxide catalysts homodisperse problem.α-Bi is contained in catalyst2(MoO4)3、 MoO3Fe2(MoO43With β-CoMoO4、y-Bi2MoO6And γ-Bi2MoO6.The open one kind of CN101690900A prepare acrylic aldehyde and The preparation method of acrylic acid catalyst, catalyst supports thing by active component and inert alumina carrier forms;Active component master Want component, selected from Mo, Bi, Co and/or Ni and Fe, also comprise the micro unit such as K, Na, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Zn, B, P, W Element;Wherein active component is represented with following statement formulas:MoaBibCocNidFeeXfYgZhOiIn formula, X represents K, Na, Rb and Cs extremely Few one kind, Y represents at least one in B, P and W, and Z represents at least one in Mg, Ca, Zn.Active component supports Ratio on carrier accounts for the 5-70% of overall catalyst weight;Active component is in uneven distribution, CoMoO4、NiMoO4Etc. bivalence gold The aluminate belonging to is located at the kernel of catalyst activity component;Fe2(MoO4)3And the MoO of free state3Invest the outer layer of kernel;And The outermost layer of active component is bismuth molybdate, forms the state of core-shell structure copolymer layer distributed.In active component, bivalence molybdate is mainly β Phase structure, α phase structure content in active component is very low or does not exist.Catalyst has high activity and high stability. A kind of catalyst producing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid of CN1280036, described production is to be selected from by making at least one The compound of propylene, isobutene., the tert-butyl alcohol and methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) and oxygen molecule or the gas containing oxygen molecule carry out vapour phase oxygen Change and realize it is characterised in that this catalyst is a kind of combined oxidation compositions, contain:(A) molybdenum, bismuth and ferrum are contained as master Want the composite oxides of component, itself be known for described vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction catalyst, and (B) contain cerium and Zirconium is as the composite oxides of key component.Catalyst has long catalytic life and makes to operate steadily in the long term and be possibly realized.Its Middle component (B), is the composite oxides being represented with below general formula (2):CepZrqFrOy.The zirconium oxide of high degree of dispersion inhibits oxygen Change the gathering of cerium, to keep the latter during the course of the reaction to the promotion functions significantly absorbing and discharging oxygen, thus accelerating different The oxidation reaction of butylene, therefore improves catalysis activity.Additionally, further suppress the component causing because of over reduction in time (A) the irreversible activity of composite oxides reduces (i.e. the stability of composite oxides improves), so that catalytic life is prolonged Long.This catalysis activity that improve and the catalytic life extending inhibit reaction temperature to raise in time, thus reducing Molybdenum is in the distillation of hot spot.This catalyst is used for isobutylene oxidation.
CN102489309A discloses a kind of catalyst preparation for producing acrylic aldehyde and renovation process.Catalyst is to have The composite oxides of following atomic ratios:Mo: Bi: Co: Ni: Fe=10-14: 1.2-2.0: 4.8-5.6: 2-3: 1-2;This catalyst There is the pore size distribution of more concentration, moderate total pore volume, wherein 5-10nm about mesopore account for more than the 70% of total pore size distribution, shape Become short and thick pore passage structure, this feature gives catalyst stronger anti-carbon deposition ability, catalyst surface not easy-sintering can Extend the service life of catalyst.And the renovation process being provided by the present invention, decaying catalyst carries out in an oxidizing atmosphere 1-3 days calcination processing, catalyst activity is suitable with fresh catalyst.CN87103192 produces Mo-Bi-Na composite oxide catalytic The method of agent product, the method includes mixing coherent element source compound formation complex, then carries out heat treatment, will at least The bismuth subcarbonate of solid solution partly required Na is as Bi source compound.The activity of catalyst imports specific water by means of Bi and Na Insoluble compound formed catalyst and greatly improved.
CN1109803 is related to multimetal oxide compositions, and they have two phase structure and comprise molybdenum, hydrogen, one or many Individual element phosphor, arsenic, boron, germanium and silicon;And it is related to described compositionss in terms of methacrylic acid is prepared by catalytic gas phase oxidation Purposes, improves activity and selectivity.CN1109802 discloses a kind of multimetal oxide compositions, and they have two phase structure simultaneously Comprise molybdenum, hydrogen, one or more element phosphors, arsenic, boron, germanium and silicon and copper, improve base acrylic acid activity and selectivity. CN1298861A is then using the composite oxides adding magnesium, aluminum and silicon.CN1321110A is then respectively with stibium oxide and antimony acetate Antimony source as active metal composite oxide.To solve under high-load condition, catalytic mechanical intensity is good, active high asking Topic.CN200410048021.7 discloses a kind of O composite metallic oxide catalyst, and catalyst is by 1. molybdenum, vanadium, copper chief active Component and 2. requisite at least by antimony and titanium stable component and 3. nickel, ferrum, silicon, aluminum, alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal form Composite oxides.2. and be 3. wherein can in the range of 120 DEG C to 900 DEG C roasting preparation composite oxides.This catalyst Show the permanent stability under high activity and good selectivity.The open one kind of CN1121441 is used for by acrylic aldehyde or contains third Olefine aldehydr gas and a kind of gas of molecule-containing keto carry out oxidation reaction in vapour phase and produce acrylic acid catalyst, this catalyst bag Include a kind of (A) composite oxides, there is molybdenum and vanadium as base stock, and be suitable to produce by vapor phase catalytic oxidation acrylic aldehyde Acrylic acid, and a kind of (B) solid peracid, its acid strength (Ho) is not more than -11.93 (Ho≤- 11.93).This invention adopts molybdenum vanadium type The solid acid that composite oxides are less than -11.93 with a kind of acid strength combines, and improves the low temperature high activity of catalyst. CN200510059468.9 discloses a kind of acrylic acid catalyst for producing, it is characterized in that, in following formula M oaVbWcCudOx (1) The oxide of metallic element composition representing and/or the acrylic acid catalyst for producing that composite oxides are necessary catalyst component In, need the face side controlling tungsten to be partially this catalyst, and/or copper is the core side of this catalyst, partially to improve catalyst Activity.Tungsten is the face side of this catalyst partially, and/or copper is that the core side of this catalyst is difficult to accurately control partially. CN102039143A discloses the preparation method that a kind of acrolein oxidation prepares acrylic acid catalyst, a) composite oxide coating Preparation method:Water-soluble metal salt containing Mo, V, W, Cu, Sb composition is dispersed in water/organic faciess mixing in 30-100 DEG C In system;Organic solvent and water weight ratio is kept to be 5~50%;Reaction generates composite oxides presoma serosity;Again through steaming Evaporate, dry, roasting is obtained catalyst activity component;B) the main component of above-mentioned active component, selected from Mo, V, Cu, W, Sb its In one or more;Wherein active component following formula represents:MoaVbCucWdSbeOf, this catalyst adopts water and lower alcohol Prepared by mixed system, catalyst has higher specific surface area and special microstructure, has compared with high-ratio surface and is difficult Come off, and bearing capacity can reach 50% and more than, solve the problems, such as that application type catalyst service life is shorter.
CN1647854 discloses a kind of acrylic acid catalyst of methylacrolein selective oxidation synthesizing methyl, this catalyst Forming formula is:x(Mo12PaKbSbcCudAseAfDgQhOiMoj)/yZ, Z dilute thermal conducting agent for carrier;Mo, P, K, Sb, Cu and As It is respectively molybdenum, phosphorus, potassium, antimony, copper and arsenic;A represents at least one of tungsten W, vanadium V, niobium Nb, ferrum Fe and lead Pb element;D represent boron, At least one of gallium Ga, indium In, germanium Ge and silicon Si element;Q represents at least one of rubidium Rb, caesium Cs and thallium Tl element, this invention On the one hand improve the activity and selectivity of catalyst by adding Sb, Cu and As;On the other hand pass through to add MoO3And carrier Heat conduction diluent improving heat stability, heat conductivility and the mechanical strength of catalyst, inhibitory activity component heteropoly acid effectively The decomposition of salt and reduction beds hot(test)-spot temperature, it is to avoid the loss of Mo and As, extend catalyst service life.
CN1109800 discloses a kind of polymetal oxide materials:In formula, A is Mo12VaXb 1Xc 2Xd 3Xe 4Xf 5Xg 6Ox(coexist Phase), its part B comprises the crystallite with the X-ray diffraction pattern of at least one following copper molybdate(Give in round parentheses Close the raw data of X-ray diffraction fingerprint):Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2(Lindgrenite, JCPDS-ICDD indexes(1991)Index card Piece 36-405), Cu4Mo6O20(A.Moini et al., Inorg.Chem.25(21)(1986), 3782-3785), Cu4Mo5O17 (JCPDS-ICDD indexes(1991)Index card 39-181), etc..CN1462211 be related to one kind prepare containing Mo, V, Cu and The method of the optional multiple-phase multi-metal oxide materials of other elements.According to this invention, at least one mutually independently shape in advance Become, and in the precursor material of the plastically deformable being dispersed in another phase.Then this mixture is dried and calcines.Multi-metal oxygen Compound material is suitable as in catalytic gas phase oxidation organic compound, particularly acrolein oxidation is being become used in acrylic acid The active material of catalyst.[A] p [B] q [C] r (I), phase A, B in multimetal oxide compositions and C can be unbodied And/or crystallization.Phase B is advantageously made up of the crystallite of oxometallate, or comprises with X-ray diffraction pattern and enter And the crystal structure class α-CuMo of the oxometallate crystallite copper molybdate of crystal structure types of at least one following copper molybdate4 [the registration card 22-242 of JCPDS-ICDD card index, (1991)], Cu6Mo5O18[the registration card of JCPCS-ICDD card index 40-865, (1991)], Cu4-xMo3O12, wherein x=0-0.25 [registration card 24-56 and 26- of JCPCS-ICDD card index 547, (1991)], etc..This catalyst is to improve selectivity.
CN1295499 discloses a kind of polymetal oxide materials [A] p [B] q [C] r (I) of formula (I), with containing molybdenum, vanadium, Copper and antimony and one or more specific other metal simultaneously have the polymetal oxide materials of multicomponent structure as with propylene The gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction of aldehyde prepares acrylic acid catalyst.In formula, A is Mo12VaX1bX2 cX3 dX4 eX5 fX6 gOx, B is X1 7CuhHiOy, C is X1 8SbjHkOz, X1For W, Nb, Ta, Cr and/or Ce.Promoter phase B is made up of the crystallite of these copper molybdate Or contain such copper molybdate crystallite:α-CuMoO4[the reference diffraction in the index card 22-242 of JCPDS-ICDD retrieval 1991 Figure], Cu6Mo5O18[reference diffraction pattern in the index card 40-865 of JCPDS-ICDD retrieval 1991], Cu4-xMo3O12Wherein, x For 0-0.25 [JCPDS-ICDD retrieval 1991 index card 24-56 and 26-547 in reference diffraction pattern], etc..Region C is permissible There is metaantimmonic acid copper Cu9Sb4O19The crystallite of structure or Cu4SbO4.5The crystallite of structure.CN1093950 discloses the oxidation of one kind of multiple metals The compositionss of thing, including Mo, V, W, Cu, Ni of the oxidised form as basis, its premise is between each element composition There is following ratio:Mo:V=12:1 to 2:1, Mo:W=60:1 to 3:1, Mo:Cu=24:1 to 2:1, Cu:Ni=5:1 to 1:3. X1It is one or more alkali metal;X2It is one or more alkaline-earth metal;X3It is Cr, Mn, Ce and/or Nb;X4It is Sb and/or Bi; X5It is Si, Al, Ti and/or Zr.CN1387945 is related to containing the unit in Cu, Mo and at least one W, V, Nb and Ta selected from element The oxo metal compound of the HT copper molybdate structure type of element, its preparation method, and they in preparation containing molybdenum, vanadium, copper containing There is answering in the composite metal oxide material having heterogeneous structure of one or more element in elemental tungsten, niobium, tantalum, chromium and cerium With.CN1394812 poly-metal deoxide, institute used in the catalyst for the catalytic vapor phase oxidation reaction of organic compound The poly-metal deoxide said contains at least one in Mo, V and element W, Nb, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Cr, Si and Ge, and has spy Different Three-dimensional atom arrangement.CN1500770 contains molybdenum, vanadium, copper and contains one or more yuan in elemental tungsten, niobium, tantalum, chromium and cerium The composite metal oxide material having heterogeneous structure of element, they are by answering in catalytic gas phase oxidation of acrolein acrylic acid With, and the oxo of the HT copper molybdate structure type containing the element in Cu, Mo and at least one W, V, Nb and Ta selected from element Metal compound.
In addition, under the high temperature conditions, in catalyst, part active component molybdenum loses because of distillation from catalyst surface.Propylene Aldehyde, air(Oxygen), the mixed airflow such as nitrogen and vapor wash away the loss of active component that also can make in catalyst.For suppression The loss of molybdenum distillation causes the decay of activity, and CN1121504 passes through to mix copper component and has specified particle diameter and specific surface area Zirconium and/or titanium and/or cerium, can suppress dissipation effect and the over reduction of molybdenum composition.Catalyst is included by lower formula (I) MOaVbWcCudXeYf(I) oxide of metallic element composition representing or composite oxides.CN1445020 adds a small amount of tellurium to play Stable free molybdenum trioxide and the effect of copper molybdate crystal structure, the sublimation of molybdenum and over reduction have suppressed; Composite oxides or its oxide with molybdenum, vanadium, copper, tungsten and/or niobium as key component, with other elements composition for the CN1583261 Mixture form catalyst suppress molybdenum loss.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide acrylic acid catalyst is prepared in acrolein selectivity oxidation, catalyst activity component molybdenum etc. is difficult Run off, and activity is mutually not susceptible to phase in version, stably selective oxidation produces acrylic acid, in propylene to make acrylic aldehyde long period In aldehyde oxidation process, reacted under low temperature, high-load condition, and improved selectivity and the receipts of purpose product as far as possible Rate, to obtain bigger economic benefit.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of acrolein selectivity oxidation produces acrylic acid catalyst and preparation method thereof.
The present invention relates to a kind of acrolein selectivity oxidation catalyst, it is first that catalyst contains molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, copper, strontium and tungsten Element, mainly forms by following formula(Ⅰ)Represent, catalyst also contains lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide(LaMgAl11O19), containing molybdenum, vanadium (Ⅰ)Press after 91~98% and 0.6~9% mass percent mixing through kneading, molding, drying, roasting with lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide After obtain finished catalyst.
Moa′Vb′Nic′Cud′SrfWhMiNjSikOy(Ⅰ)Represent, wherein:Mo is molybdenum, and V is vitriol, and Ni is nickel, and Cu is copper, and Sr is Strontium, W is tungsten, and Si is silicon, and silicon is the carrier adding in catalyst, and M is at least one element in calcium, zinc, zirconium;N is selected from At least one element in boron, rubidium, lanthanum;O is oxygen;A ', b ', c ', d ', f, h, i, j, k represent each element atomic ratio respectively, wherein A ' is a number of 12-14, and b ' is a number of 0.2-5, and c ' is a number of 0.5-4, and d ' is a number of 1-5, and f is 0.1- 2.5 number, h is a number of 0.05-3, and i is a number of 0.05-3, and j is a number of 0.05-3, and k is 0.2-30 One number, y is the numerical value being determined by the oxygen of each oxide.
Lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide of the present invention is prepared according to conventional coprecipitation.As using the preparation of following methods:By nitric acid Magnesium, Lanthanum (III) nitrate and aluminium hydroxide are according to LaMgAl11O19Stoichiometric proportion mix homogeneously, add deionized water simultaneously to stir, Then be spray-dried, gained powder after 160 DEG C of dryings through 1000~1500 DEG C of roastings 3~12 hours, then by pulverize or ball The methods such as mill obtain lanthanum-magnesium aluminate LaMgAl below 20 μm for the particle diameter11O19.
Acrolein selectivity aoxidizes acrylic acid processed because reaction temperature is substantially more than 250 DEG C, and long period is in such height Under warm reaction condition, the active component molybdenum in catalyst is easy to run off because of distillation.N in catalyst of the present invention is preferably lanthanum, Lanthanum and molybdenum, nickel, copper, antimony etc. can form stable crystal phase structure, such as Cu2La、LaNi5、Cu2La、Cu5La etc., is conducive to suppressing Amount of activated component molybdenum loses because of distillation from catalyst surface, and before and after catalyst reaction, active component molybdenum content is basically unchanged, Delay active deterioration rate, catalyst stability is good.Suitably, in logical formula I, N is lanthanum, and i is 0.1~3.5 for lanthanum and molybdenum, vanadium ratio A number, the addition of excessive lanthanum can and vanadium and nickel competition molybdenum, the preferred Lanthanum (III) nitrate in lanthanum source of the present invention.Mainly form by formula(Ⅱ) Represent:Moa′Vb′Nic′Cud′WhMiLajSikOy(Ⅱ).
The preparation method of catalyst of the present invention, prepares catalyst (I), lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide including with coprecipitation, will Catalyst (I), lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide press 91~98% and 0.6~9% mass percent mixing after through kneading, molding, drying, Finished catalyst is obtained after roasting.
It is highly preferred that containing in catalyst(Ⅰ)92~97%, also lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide 2~8%.
Under Oxygen Condition, molybdenum isoreactivity component is not only easy to run off catalyst under the high temperature conditions, and activity compatible is easy There is phase in version, catalyst activity phase occurs phase in version thus leading to active selectable to be decreased obviously.As active phase VMo3O11Turn It is changed into MoO3, CoMoO4It is changed into Co3O4, CuMoO4It is changed into MoO3Deng.
Active component molybdenum in catalyst etc. enables holding and does not run off, and before and after the reaction of molybdenum equal size, basic change is little, But easily there is phase in version through long-term operation activity compatible.The present invention adds lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide in catalyst, makes Catalyst activity is mutually more stable, is not susceptible to phase in version, thus improving catalyst activity and selectivity.
The composite multi-metal oxide catalyst (I) of the present invention adopts common preparation method, such as can adopt down State step preparation:Will be containing Mo, V, Ni, Cu, Sr, W and MiNjThe compound dissolution being related to mix homogeneously, after being co-precipitated Form serosity, add one kind of the materials such as silicon dioxide, carborundum, drying, molding, roasting obtains catalyst (I).
Catalyst (I) of the present invention and finished catalyst are required for roasting 3~10h at 300~550 DEG C, compare and do not distinguish The catalyst of roasting, multiple roasting can improve activity and the stability of catalyst.Can be open roasting can also be closing Formula roasting, calcination atmosphere can be the noble gases such as helium, nitrogen, argon.The chemical combination of each component of catalyst of the present invention Thing can be using the nitrate of each element, ammonium salt, sulfate, oxide, hydroxide, chloride, acetate etc..As molybdic acid Ammonium, nickel nitrate, strontium nitrate, ammonium paratungstate, calcium nitrate, Lanthanum (III) nitrate, zirconium nitrate, basic copper carbonate, copper nitrate, boric acid, titanium oxide, Rubidium nitrate, zirconium oxide etc..
It is usually preferred to adopt the molding side such as extrusion molding, granulating and forming, compression molding after catalyst slurry of the present invention is dried Method processing glomeration, hollow spheres, ellipticity, cylindric, hollow circuit cylinder etc., preferably hollow circuit cylinder or spherical.
The present invention in order to improve intensity, the efflorescence degree of catalyst, can add in the above-mentioned catalyst (I) glass fibre, One or more in graphite, ceramic or various whisker.
The catalyst of the present invention can be used directly, and also can be carried on and use on inert carrier.Involved inert carrier can To be the mixture of one or more of aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, carborundum etc..
Evaluating catalyst performance index definition is as follows:
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, composite multi-metal oxide catalyst and preparation method thereof is described below, and this catalyst exists The catalytic performance in acrylic acid is prepared in acrolein selectivity oxidation, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.Product The analysis method of composition adopts method generally in the art.
Embodiment 1
Under stirring condition, take 21.1 grams of 202.7 grams of ammonium molybdates, ammonium metavanadate, be dissolved in 500ml pure water(Water temperature 65 More than DEG C), obtain serosity(1), then take 4.3 grams of ammonium paratungstates, 49.6 grams of copper nitrates, 50.1 grams of nickel nitrates, 25.6 grams of nitric acid Zinc, 2.1 grams of strontium nitrates, 56 grams of Lanthanum (III) nitrates are dissolved in 1000ml pure water(More than 65 DEG C of water temperature), it is thoroughly mixed uniformly, obtain To serosity(2).Then, serosity(1)With serosity(2)Mixing, obtains active component serosity(a), in active component serosity(a)In plus Enter 22.1 grams of silicon dioxide, 85 DEG C of strong stirrings carry out coprecipitation reaction post-heating drying, with 160 DEG C of heat treatments 3 in nitrogen Hour, 500 DEG C of roastings 4 hours, size-reduced, grind, sieve process after obtain less than 40 μm of catalyst (I) powder.Mainly Consist of:Mo14V2.2Ni2.1Cu2.6Sr0.1W0.2Zn1.0La2.1Si4.5Oy(Ⅰ).
By magnesium nitrate, Lanthanum (III) nitrate and aluminium hydroxide according to LaMgAl11O19Stoichiometric proportion mix homogeneously, add depart from Sub- water simultaneously stirs, and is then spray-dried, gained powder after 160 DEG C of dryings through 1100 DEG C of roastings 10 hours, then pass through ball The methods such as mill obtain magnesio lanthanum hexaaluminate LaMgAl below 20 μm for the particle diameter11O19.
Take catalyst(Ⅰ)95 parts, 5 parts of lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide, plus deionized water mediates in kneader, extrusion molding is The hollow columnar granule of φ 4.5 × 5mm, is dried under the conditions of 120 DEG C, and roasting at 450 DEG C obtains catalyst 1 in 6.5 hours.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of catalyst 2
Preparation process and primary raw material with embodiment 1 catalyst 1 are identical, obtain final product catalyst within 4.5 hours through 500 DEG C of roastings (Ⅰ).Mainly consist of:Mo13V4.8Ni3.8Cu2.2Sr0.5W3Ca0..3Rb0.1Si2.3Oy(Ⅰ).Take catalyst(Ⅰ)98 parts, lanthanum-magnesium aluminate 2 parts of oxide, plus deionized water mediates in kneader, extrusion molding is the hollow columnar granule of φ 4.5 × 5mm, 120 DEG C of bars It is dried under part, roasting at 500 DEG C obtains catalyst 2 in 4.5 hours.
Embodiment 3
Preparation process and primary raw material with embodiment 1 catalyst 1 are identical, obtain final product catalyst within 6 hours through 400 DEG C of roastings (Ⅰ).Mainly consist of:Mo14V2.8Ni4Cu4.8Sr2W1Zr2.5B0.1La1.1Si3.7Oy(Ⅰ).Take catalyst(Ⅰ)93 parts, lanthanum-magnesium aluminate 7 parts of oxide, plus deionized water mediates in kneader, extrusion molding is the hollow columnar granule of φ 4.5 × 5mm, 120 DEG C of bars It is dried under part, roasting at 550 DEG C obtains catalyst 3 in 4 hours.
Embodiment 4
Preparation process and primary raw material with embodiment 1 catalyst 1 are identical, obtain final product catalyst within 5 hours through 480 DEG C of roastings (Ⅰ).Mainly consist of:Mo13V3.8Ni2.5Cu3Sr1W2Zr1.1Rb0.1La0.5Si1.4Oy(Ⅰ).Take catalyst(Ⅰ)91 parts, magnesium aluminate 9 parts of lanthanum-oxides, plus deionized water mediates in kneader, extrusion molding is the hollow columnar granule of φ 4.5 × 5mm, 120 DEG C Under the conditions of be dried, roasting at 500 DEG C obtains catalyst 4 in 5 hours.
Comparative example 1
According to the main composition and ratio preparation comparative catalyst 1 of embodiment 1, but lanthanum-magnesium aluminate is not with solid solution oxidation The form of thing adds catalyst, but prepares catalyst with coprecipitation method, and reaction condition is with the appreciation condition of catalyst 1.Right Than mainly consisting of of catalyst 1:
Mo14V2.2Ni2.1Cu2.6Sr0.1W0.2Zn1.0La2.4Si4.5Mg0.3Al3.3Oy
Oxidation reaction
Fixed bed single tube reactor internal diameter 25mm, inside sets thermocouple, loads 45ml along feedstock direction reactor bed above-mentioned Catalyst or comparative example catalyst, salt bath heating, 245 DEG C of salt temperature.Tube inlet sentences air speed 1600h from the reactions above-1Enter Enter acrylic aldehyde 9 volume %, oxygen 16 volume %, vapor 16 volume %, the mixed gas of nitrogen 59 volume %.The present invention is catalyzed The result that agent reacts 24 hours in a low temperature of 245 DEG C is as shown in table 1.Load beds hot(test)-spot temperature of the present invention to be not higher than 270 DEG C, reaction bed temperature indexing is more reasonable, improves purpose product selectivity and yield, acrylic acid yield 88.9% with On.After the catalyst reaction 2000h of embodiment 1 and 2, bed hot(test)-spot temperature is respectively 270 DEG C, 267 DEG C, and acrolein conversion rate is divided Not Wei 99.2% and 99.1%, acrylic acid selectivity be respectively 90.4% and 90.5%, acrylic acid yield 89.1%, 89.2%.Steam in water In the case of gas intake 16 volume %, through the reaction of 2000 hours, catalyst activity component molybdenum etc. not easily runs off, and lives Property phase is not susceptible to phase in version, catalyst activity component Stability Analysis of Structures.During acrolein oxidation, reaction bed temperature divides Cloth is more reasonable.Acrylic acid(AA)Yield more than 89%, catalyst activity component Stability Analysis of Structures, catalyst has good water resistant Performance, catalyst performance stabilised, make catalyst long period steady running.Comparative example catalyst choice is poor, acrylic aldehyde, acrylic acid Yield is low.
Table 1 react 24 hours after reaction result

Claims (7)

1. a kind of catalyst of acrolein selectivity oxidation, catalyst contains molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, copper and wolfram element, mainly consists of and urge Agent (I), and catalyst (I) is by formula M oa′Vb′Nic′Cud′SrfWhMiNjSikOy(I) represent, wherein:Silicon is to add in catalyst The carrier entering, M is at least one element in calcium, zinc, zirconium;At least one element in boron, rubidium, lanthanum for the N;O is oxygen; A ', b ', c ', d ', f, h, i, j, k represent each element atomic ratio respectively, and wherein a ' is a number of 12-14, and b ' is the one of 0.2-5 Number, c ' is a number of 0.5-4, and d ' is a number of 1-5, and f is a number of 0.1-2.5, and h is a number of 0.05-3, i It is a number of 0.05-3, j is a number of 0.05-3, k is a number of 0.2-30, y is to be determined by the oxygen of each oxide Numerical value;Catalyst also contains lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide, presses 91~98% containing molybdenum, the catalyst (I) of vanadium and lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide Obtain finished catalyst with after 0.6~9% mass percent mixing after kneading, molding, drying, roasting.
2. catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that containing catalyst (I) 92~97% in catalyst, contains Lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide 2~8%.
3. it is characterised in that leading to N in formula I is lanthanum, i is 0.1~3 number to catalyst according to claim 1.
4. catalyst according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that leading to lanthanum source in formula I is Lanthanum (III) nitrate.
5. the catalyst according to claim 3 or 4 is it is characterised in that catalyst (I) preparation method that represented with logical formula I Comprise the steps:Will be containing Mo, V, Ni, Cu, Sr, W and MiNjThe compound dissolution being related to mix homogeneously, are co-precipitated Form serosity afterwards, add one kind of silicon dioxide or carborundum, drying, molding, roasting obtains catalyst (I).
6. catalyst according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the process of described roasting is roasting 3 at 300~550 DEG C ~10h.
7. a kind of preparation method of the catalyst described in claim 1 is it is characterised in that include preparing catalyst with coprecipitation (I), lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide, catalyst (I), lanthanum-magnesium aluminate oxide are pressed 91~98% and 0.6~9% mass percent and are mixed Finished catalyst is obtained after kneading, molding, drying, roasting after conjunction.
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