CN104639109A - Spike pulse generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A spike pulse generator in the technical field of satellite navigation, comprising: an adjustable high-voltage source module, a high-voltage high-speed, high-current electronic switch module, a spike pulse forming module, a phase sampling module, a man-machine interface module and a main control module, the main control module outputs The control commands are respectively sent to the adjustable high-voltage source module and the peak pulse forming module, and the output conduction command is sent to the high-voltage, high-speed, high-current electronic switch module. The adjustable high-voltage source module charges the energy storage capacitor in the spike pulse forming module according to the set voltage. The high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module controls the discharge of the energy storage capacitor to generate pulse waves according to the set time. The output voltage of the invention can reach 1800V, and the rising edge, width and waveform of the pulse fully comply with the standard GB/T15527-1995, and the waveform meets the requirements of GB/T15540-1995.

Description

spike generator

technical field

The invention relates to electronic equipment in the technical field of satellite navigation, in particular to a spike pulse generator used for transient testing of power lines of components of the Beidou satellite navigation system.

Background technique

The Beidou satellite navigation system is a global satellite positioning and communication system independently developed by China. The system consists of three parts: the space terminal, the ground terminal and the user terminal. This makes my country the third country in the world to have an independent satellite navigation system after the United States and Russia. The system has been successfully applied in many fields such as surveying and mapping, telecommunications, water conservancy, fishery, transportation, forest fire prevention, disaster reduction and relief, and public safety, and has produced significant economic and social benefits. With the development of the navigation system, its navigation products have penetrated into our lives, and the safety and reliability of its products have become issues we need to face, and electromagnetic compatibility is one of them.

Domestic EMC started relatively late, and currently mainly draws on foreign standards and some mature experience. Its domestic test equipment is mainly some commonly used equipment such as lightning strike and pulse group, which cannot meet the electromagnetic compatibility test requirements of electronic and electrical products in some specific fields. At present, these products mainly rely on imports, and their supply cycle is long and the price is high. For the electromagnetic compatibility test of electronic products of the Beidou navigation system, the test instruments and equipment mainly rely on imports, and there is no corresponding domestic manufacturer to produce them.

After searching the prior art, it was found that Chinese Patent Document No. CN103997252A was published (announced) on 2014.08.20, which disclosed a high-frequency and high-voltage pulse generating circuit, including a voltage doubler rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, a discharge switch and a A high-voltage transformer, wherein: the voltage doubler rectifier circuit is connected between the DC/DC power high-frequency transformer and the filter circuit, and is used to double the square wave voltage output by the transformer; the input end of the filter circuit is connected to the voltage doubler The output terminal of the rectifier circuit; the discharge switch is connected in series between the output terminal of the filter circuit and the primary coil of the high-voltage transformer; the primary coil of the high-voltage transformer is connected between the discharge switch and the power ground, and the secondary coil is connected to the load The high-voltage transformer is used to convert the low-voltage pulse signal into a high-voltage pulse signal. The pulse output in this technology is completed by pulse transformer coupling. Due to the influence of transformer volume, production process, cost, application environment and other factors, the output power of the transformer is limited, and its single output pulse energy is small, which cannot meet the general EMC power line immunity. Test requirements.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, proposes a kind of peak pulse generator, applies capacitive energy storage, completes release in microsecond level, pulse rising edge time 100ns (10% to 90% of maximum amplitude), duration 10μs (50% to 50% of the maximum amplitude), the pulse repetition frequency is continuously adjustable from 10Hz to 100Hz, and the maximum amplitude of the output pulse is continuously adjustable from 100 to 1800V. The waveform parameters fully comply with the standard GB/T15527-1995, and the waveform meets GB/T15540-1995.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions, and the present invention includes: an adjustable high-voltage source module, a high-voltage high-speed high-current electronic switch module, a peak pulse forming module, a phase sampling module, a man-machine interface module and a main control module, wherein: man-machine The interface module receives the working parameter settings and transmits the working instructions to the main control module. The main control module outputs the instrument working status data to the man-machine interface module to realize display refresh. The main control module also outputs control instructions to the adjustable high voltage source module and the peak The pulse forming module outputs conduction commands to the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module. The adjustable high-voltage source module charges the energy storage capacitor in the peak pulse forming module according to the set voltage, and the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module charges according to the set voltage. The time-controlled discharge of the energy storage capacitor generates a pulse wave, and the phase sampling module outputs the collected phase information of the power supply of the device under test to the main control module, so that the high-voltage, high-speed, high-current electronic switch module superimposes the pulse wave on the corresponding phase of the device under test.

The output voltage amplitude of the adjustable high voltage source module is adjustable from 0 to 1800V, and the whole process precision is controlled within 5%.

The high-speed electronic switch module adopts the principle of overdrive, the conduction delay time is less than 50 nanoseconds, the current can reach 150A, and the withstand voltage exceeds 2500V.

The spike forming module adopts LC oscillation principle and high-speed semiconductor devices to realize, the spike forming module includes: energy storage unit, oscillation unit, rising edge forming unit and polarity switching unit, wherein: the energy storage unit is respectively connected with the oscillation unit It is connected with the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module. When the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module receives the conduction command, it controls the energy storage unit to discharge to the oscillation unit to form the shape and half width of the required pulse. The oscillation unit and the rising edge forming unit connected and the rising edge forming unit performs rising edge filtering on the output pulse wave, the rising edge forming unit is connected with the polarity switching unit and the positive and negative polarity output of the pulse is completed by the polarity switching unit.

The output end of the energy storage unit is provided with a discharge unit, so that the peak pulse forming module unloads the charge in the energy storage unit through the discharge unit when it is not working.

The phase sampling module detects the zero-crossing point of the sinusoidal alternating current, and then calculates the phase of the sinusoidal alternating current.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the output pulse of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the spike forming module unit.

Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the peak pulse forming module in the embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the embodiment.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation example.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment includes: 0-1800V adjustable high-voltage source module, high-voltage high-speed high-current electronic switch module, spike pulse forming module, phase sampling module, man-machine interface module and main control module, wherein: man-machine The interface module receives the working parameter settings and transmits the information to the main control module; the main control module outputs the working status of the instrument to the man-machine interface module for display refresh, and the main control module also outputs control commands to the 0-1800V adjustable high-voltage source module and the peak The pulse forming module outputs conduction commands to the high-voltage, high-speed, high-current electronic switch module; under the coordinated control of the main control module, the 0-1800V adjustable high-voltage source module charges the energy storage capacitor in the peak pulse forming module according to the set voltage ; After the set time is up, the energy storage capacitor is rapidly discharged through the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module, and together with the peak pulse forming module, the required pulse wave is formed; the phase sampling module is connected with the main control module, and outputs the collected equipment under test For the phase information of the power supply, when there is a synchronization requirement, the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module is turned on to superimpose the pulse wave on different phases of the power supply of the equipment under test.

The output pulse waveform of this device is shown in Figure 2. The pulse rise time is 100ns (10% to 90% of the maximum amplitude), the duration is 10μs (50% to 50% of the maximum amplitude), and the pulse repetition frequency is 10Hz to 100Hz. Adjustable, the maximum amplitude of the output pulse is continuously adjustable from 100 to 1800V. The error of rise time, duration and maximum amplitude is controlled within ±10%. The polarity of the output pulse is adjustable, and it has the function of synchronizing with the power supply of the device under test. The pulse can be superimposed on any phase of the power supply of the device under test.

In order to meet the above-mentioned pulse requirements, it is necessary to design a high-voltage power supply with adjustable output voltage and control the accuracy of the whole voltage range below 5%. Fast (rising edge up to 100ns) electronic switching. Strengthen the selection of components so that the performance parameters of the instrument under different temperature, humidity, voltage and current can meet the test requirements.

As shown in Figure 3, the spike pulse forming module is realized by using the LC oscillation principle and high-speed semiconductor devices. The spike pulse forming module includes: an energy storage unit, an oscillation unit, a rising edge forming unit and a polarity switching unit, wherein: The energy unit is connected to the oscillation unit and the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module. When the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module receives the conduction command, it controls the energy storage unit to discharge to the oscillation unit to form the shape and half-width of the required pulse. Oscillation The unit is connected with the rising edge forming unit, and the rising edge forming unit performs rising edge filtering on the output pulse wave, and the rising edge forming unit is connected with the polarity switching unit, and the positive and negative polarity output of the pulse is completed by the polarity switching unit.

The output end of the energy storage unit is provided with a discharge unit, so that the peak pulse forming module unloads the charge in the energy storage unit through the discharge unit when it is not working.

As shown in Figure 4, it is the specific circuit realization of the spike pulse forming module. The spike pulse forming module includes: six resistors R1-R6, two diodes D1, D2, two inductors L1, L2, and four capacitors C1 ~ C4 and three relays RL1 ~ RL3, wherein: the negative pole of the filter capacitor C1 is the common ground, the positive pole is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor C2 through the first and second resistors R1, R2, the other end of the energy storage capacitor C2 is grounded, and the first One end of a discharge switch RL1 is connected between R1 and R2, and the other end is grounded. The first and second diodes D1 and D2 are connected in series and connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3 and the fourth resistor R4, and the third resistor R3 is connected in series in sequence. The third capacitor C3, the first inductor L1 are connected to L1 and the high-voltage fast high-current electronic switch module S1, and connected to both ends of the energy storage capacitor C2, the second inductor L2, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the fourth capacitor C4 One end of the second inductor L2 is connected in series and one end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the output end of the high-voltage fast high-current electronic switch module S1, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, and the second and third relays RL2 and RL3 are respectively connected to the fifth resistor Polarity switching between R5 and ground position.

The first capacitor C1 of the capacitor in the peak pulse forming module is connected in parallel between the positive and negative electrodes of the 0-1800V adjustable high-voltage source module U1, the negative electrode of the adjustable high-voltage source module U1 is a common ground, and the high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch The input terminal of the module S1 is connected to the anode of the second capacitor C2 in the spike pulse forming module, and the output terminal is connected to the first inductor L1 in the spike pulse forming module.

The voltage of the 0-1800V adjustable high-voltage module U1 is adjustable from 0-1800V, and the accuracy is controlled within 5% in the whole process. The adjustable high-voltage module U1 charges the filter capacitor C1 in a constant current manner, and the value of the filter capacitor C1 is It is relatively large, and it takes about 2 to 3 seconds to charge when working. The main function is to improve the accuracy and stability of the output pulse and reduce the impact of the pulse on the high voltage source.

The first relay RL1 is a normally closed relay, which is closed when the instrument is not working, and the charges stored in the filter capacitor C1 and the energy storage capacitor C2 are discharged through the first relay RL1 and the first and second resistors R1 and R2. After working, the first relay RL1 is disconnected, and the 0-1800V adjustable high-voltage module U1 charges the energy storage capacitor C2. The second diode D2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth resistor R4, the third resistor R3, the second inductor L2, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the fourth capacitor C4 form a pulse forming circuit.

The filter capacitor C1 charges the energy storage capacitor C2 through the second resistor R2. Since the capacitance of the filter capacitor C1 is much larger than the energy storage capacitor C2, the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C2 is quickly consistent with the filter capacitor C1. After a certain period of time, The high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch module S1 operates, and the energy storage capacitor C2 is discharged through the first inductor L1, the first and second diodes D1, D2, and the third resistor R3, forming the upper half of the waveform shown in Figure 2 . In the second half, due to the existence of the first and second diodes D1 and D2, the oscillation circuit changes, and the energy stored in the first inductor L1 passes through the high-voltage high-speed high-current electronic switch module S1, the energy storage capacitor C2, and the third The loop formed by the resistor R3 and the third capacitor C3 is released, forming the lower half of the waveform shown in FIG. 2 .

The fifth and sixth resistors R5, R6, and C4 form a loop at the rising edge of the waveform. By adjusting the parameters of each device in the circuit, the output waveform can meet its requirements. The second and third relays RL2 and RL3 jointly undertake the task of changing the polarity of the output pulse.

The peak pulse forming module mainly adopts the principle of LC oscillation. The 0-1800V high-voltage source charges and stores energy to the energy storage capacitor C2, and discharges to the inductor L through a high-voltage, high-speed, and high-current electronic switch within a certain period of time. By inserting appropriate resistors, capacitors, and high-speed semiconductor devices into the LC circuit for correction, the parameters conform to GB/T15527-1995, and the waveform conforms to GB/T15540-1995 pulses.

Claims (5)

1. a spike generator, it is characterized in that, comprise: adjustable height potential source module, high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module, spike forms module, phase sample module, human-computer interface module and main control module, wherein: human-computer interface module receives running parameter and arranges and work order is transferred to main control module, main control module refreshes to human-computer interface module output instrument operating state data to realize display, main control module exports control command in addition respectively to adjustable height potential source module and spike formation module, export turn-on command to high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module, adjustable height potential source module is charged to the storage capacitor in spike formation module according to the voltage of setting, high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module is according to the time controling storage capacitor electric discharge production burst ripple of setting, phase sample module exports the phase information of the Devices to test power supply collected to main control module, high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module is made impulse wave to be superimposed on the corresponding phase of Devices to test,

Described spike forms module and adopts LC oscillation principle and high-speed semiconductor device to realize, this spike forms module and comprises: energy-storage units, oscillating unit, rising edge forming unit and polarity switched cell, wherein: energy-storage units is connected with oscillating unit and high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module respectively, energy-storage units is controlled to oscillating unit electric discharge with the shape and the half-breadth that form required pulse when high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module receives turn-on command, oscillating unit is connected with rising edge forming unit and carries out rising edge filtering by rising edge forming unit to output impulse wave, rising edge forming unit is connected with polarity switched cell and is completed the positive-negative polarity output of pulse by polarity switched cell.

2. spike generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the voltage 0 ~ 1800V of described adjustable height die block is adjustable, and precision whole-process control is within 5%, and this adjustable height die block charges to energy-storage units in the mode of constant current.

3. spike generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the output of described energy-storage units is provided with discharge cell, makes spike form module and is unloaded by the electric charge in energy-storage units by discharge cell when not working.

4. spike generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described spike forms module and comprises: six resistance R1 ~ R6, two diode D1, D2, two inductance L 1, L2, a four electric capacity C1 ~ C4 and three relay R L1 ~ RL3, wherein: the negative pole of filter capacitor C1 is publicly, positive pole is by the first and second resistance R1, R2 is connected with one end of storage capacitor C2, storage capacitor C2 other end ground connection, and an end of the first discharge switch RL1 is connected between R1 and R2, other end ground connection, the first and second diode D1, with the 3rd electric capacity C3 after D2 serial connection, 4th resistance R4 is in parallel, and the 3rd resistance R3 connects the 3rd electric capacity C3 successively, first inductance L 1 is connected L1 and high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module S1, is connected to storage capacitor C2 two ends, the second inductance L 2, 5th resistance R5, contact successively in one end of 6th resistance R6 and the 4th electric capacity C4 and one end of the second inductance L 2 is connected with the output of high-voltage high-speed heavy-current electronic switch module S1, the other end ground connection of the 4th electric capacity C4, and second and the 3rd relay R L2, RL3 is connected between the 5th resistance R5 and position, place and carries out polarity switching.

5. spike generator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the first described relay R L1 is normally closed relay, and the electric charge stored in filter capacitor C1 and storage capacitor C2 is released by the first relay R L1, first and second resistance R1, R2; During work, the first relay R L1 disconnects, and adjustable height die block U1 charges to storage capacitor C2 to form impulse wave.