CN104599641A - Oled像素单元及其驱动方法、oled显示装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种OLED像素单元及其驱动方法、OLED显示装置。OLED像素单元包括驱动模块、选择模块和发光模块;驱动模块的数量为M个,发光模块包括N个发光单元;M<N;N个OLED用于对应地显示能实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光;每个驱动模块在一帧画面中至多产生一个驱动电流,驱动一个发光单元发光;且至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,以使M个驱动模块在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光;2≤n≤N;选择模块用于将每帧画面中发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块选通。上述OLED像素单元中驱动模块的数量较少,可以降低OLED像素单元的面积,有助于提高像素密度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,具体地,涉及一种OLED像素单元及
其驱动方法、OLED显示装置。
背景技术
在OLED显示装置中,每个像素单元一般包括三个子像素。每个子像素包括一个OLED,该OLED经驱动模块驱动,发出相应颜色的光。OLED显示装置通过控制每个子像素中OLED所发出的光的亮度和色彩饱和度等参数,使每个像素单元显示不同的亮度和颜色。
一般地,驱动模块包括多个晶体管和至少一个电容。图1示出了一种晶体管、电容数量最少的驱动模块,如图1所示,该驱动模块包括开关晶体管T1、驱动晶体管M1和存储电容C1。在图1所示驱动模块中,驱动OLED发光的电流为:
其中,Vgs为驱动晶体管M1的栅极与源极之间的电压差,β是与驱动晶体管M1的工艺参数和特征尺寸有关的参数,Vth为驱动晶体管M1的阈值电压。
一般地,在现有OLED显示装置中,各子像素中的OLED通过单独的驱动模块驱动,同时发光。这使得每个像素单元中内驱动模块的数量与子像素的数量相等,其数量较多,造成每个像素单元需要设置较多的晶体管、存储电容及信号线,从而会导致每个像素单元占用的面积较大,不利于OLED显示装置中像素密度的提高。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一,提出了一种OLED像素单元、OLED像素单元的驱动方法及OLED显示装置,其可以减少驱动模块的数量,从而降低每个OLED像素单元占用的面积,有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
为实现本发明的目的而提供一种OLED像素单元,其包括驱动模块、选择模块和发光模块;所述驱动模块的数量为M个,所述发光模块包括N个发光单元;所述M<N;所述N个发光单元用于对应地显示能实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光;每个驱动模块在一帧画面中至多产生一个驱动电流,驱动一个发光单元发光;且至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,以使M个驱动模块在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光;所述2≤n≤N;所述选择模块用于将每帧画面中发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块选通。
其中,所述多个发光单元并联,每个发光单元所在支路上设置有开关器件;所述选择模块包括设置在每个发光单元所在支路上的开关器件。
其中,所述开关器件为薄膜晶体管,所述薄膜晶体管的控制极与控制电压端连接,第一极、第二极分别与驱动模块、发光单元连接。
其中,所述发光器件的还与低电压端连接。
其中,所述驱动模块的数量为一个。
其中,所述发光单元为OLED。
其中,所述发光单元的数量为三个。
其中,所述三个发光单元分别发出红色、绿色、蓝色的光。
其中,每个所述驱动模块包括开关晶体管、驱动晶体管和存储电容;所述开关晶体管的控制极与栅线连接,第一极与数据线连接,第二极与驱动晶体管的控制极、存储电容的第一端连接;所述驱动晶体管的第一极与高电压端连接,第二极与选择模块、存储电容的第二端连接。
作为另一个技术方案,本发明还提供上述OLED像素单元的驱动方法,在所述OLED像素单元的驱动方法中,各驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流,驱动N个发光单元发光,使所述OLED像素单元在n帧画面中显示一个像素;其中,至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光。
其中,所述驱动模块的数量为一个;所述驱动模块在N帧画面中产生与N个发光单元对应的N个驱动电流,并在每帧画面中通过选择模块与一个发光单元连接,驱动该发光单元发光。
作为另一个技术方案,本发明还提供一种OLED显示装置,所述OLED显示装置包括本发明提供的上述OLED像素单元。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供的OLED像素单元,其M个驱动模块中的至少一个在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,使每帧画面中发光的发光单元的数量少于N,从而可以使OLED像素单元中,驱动模块的数量可以少于发光单元的数量;与现有技术相比,这样减少了驱动模块的数量,可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积,从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
本发明提供的OLED像素单元的驱动方法,其通过至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中产生驱动电流,在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,使每帧画面中发光的发光单元的数量少于N,从而可以使OLED像素单元中驱动模块的数量可以少于发光单元的数量;与现有技术相比,这样减少了驱动模块的数量,可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积,从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
本发明提供的OLED显示装置,其采用本发明上述提供的上述OLED像素单元,可以降低每个OLED像素单元的占用面积,从而有助于增加OLED显示装置的像素密度。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:
图1为现有的驱动模块的电路图;
图2为本发明实施方式提供的OLED像素单元的示意图;
图3为OLED像素单元中各发光单元发光的时序图。
其中,附图标记:
1:驱动模块;2:选择模块;3:发光模块;20:开关器件;T1:开关晶体管;M1:驱动晶体管;C1:存储电容;Gate:栅线;Data:数据线;VDD:高电压端;VSS:低电压端;Gr、Gg、Gb:控制电压端。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
本发明提供一种OLED像素单元的实施方式,图2为本发明实施方式提供的OLED像素单元的示意图。如图2所示,在本实施方式中,所述OLED像素单元包括驱动模块1、选择模块2和发光模块3;其中,所述驱动模块1的数量为M个,发光模块3包括N个发光单元,所述发光单元具体可以为OLED;所述M<N;其中,所述N个发光单元用于对应地显示能实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光;每个驱动模块1在一帧画面中至多产生一个驱动电流,驱动一个发光单元发光;且至少一个驱动模块1在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,以使M个驱动模块1在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光;所述2≤n≤N;所述选择模块2用于将每帧画面中发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块1选通。
在本实施方式中,M<N,即:驱动模块1的数量少于发光单元的数量,与现有技术相比,本实施方式提供的OLED像素单元中的驱动模块1的数量更少,这样可以减少每个OLED像素单元占用的面积,从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
具体地,在本实施方式中,通过至少一个驱动模块1在多帧画面中产生均驱动电流,并在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,可以使M个驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流,分别驱动N个发光单元发光,即实现了以M个驱动模块1驱动N个发光单元发光,从而使OLED像素单元在该n帧画面中显示一个像素的N个颜色分量。例如,在N=3,M=2时,可以设置两个驱动模块1中的一者在两帧画面中均产生驱动电流,在该两帧画面中驱动两个发光单元发光,而另一驱动模块1则可以在第一帧画面中产生一个驱动电流,驱动另一发光单元发光,而在第二帧画面中不产生驱动电流(当然,该另一驱动模块1也可以在第二帧画面中产生驱动电流,在第一帧画面中不产生驱动电流)。
本实施方式中,OLED像素单元通过n帧画面显示一个像素;因此,与现有技术中的在一帧画面中显示一个像素的技术方案相比,当显示装置的刷新率相同时,采用本实施方式提供的OLED像素单元的OLED显示装置显示的图像帧数更少;在此情况下,可以通过提高OLED显示装置的刷新率,在单位时间内显示更多帧数的图像。
现有技术中,在一帧画面内,OLED像素单元中的各发光单元在其各自单独对应的驱动模块的驱动下,同时发光,使每个OLED像素单元显示相应的颜色和亮度。
而在本实施方式中,OLED像素单元中的N个发光单元在n帧画面内发光,2≤n≤N。可以理解,在此情况下,若使观看者观看到的图像为多个发光单元所发出各种颜色的光合成之后所呈现的相应颜色,而不是看到发光单元单独所发出的光的颜色,最先发光的发光单元发光的时刻和最后发光的发光单元发光的时刻之间的时间间隔应小于人眼的视觉暂留时间。
已知的是,OLED显示装置不同于LCD(液晶显示器,在LCD中,每个子像素显示相应的亮度需要较长的反应时间),在OLED显示装置中,OLED(有机发光二极管)发光的响应速度较快,在此情况下,本实施方式中的OLED像素单元中,最先发光的发光单元所发光的时刻和最后发光的发光单元所发光的时刻之间的时间间隔可以控制在人眼的视觉暂留时间内,从而使观看者观察到的OLED像素单元所显示的图像为多个发光单元所发出的各种颜色的光合成之后所呈现的相应颜色,而不是看到发光单元单独所发出的光的颜色。
优选地,如图2所示,所述驱动模块1的数量为一个;这样设置最大程度地减少了驱动模块1的数量,以及最大程度地降低了每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积,从而可以最大程度地提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。当然,在此情况下,该驱动模块1需要N帧画面中才能产生N个驱动电流,驱动N个发光单元发光,使OLED像素单元通过N帧画面方可显示一个像素的N个颜色分量。
如图2所示,所述多个发光单元并联,每个发光单元所在支路上设置有开关器件20;所述选择模块2包括设置在每个发光单元所在支路上的开关器件20。优选地,所述开关器件20可以为薄膜晶体管,在此情况下,所述薄膜晶体管的控制极与控制电压端连接,第一极、第二极分别与驱动模块1、发光单元连接。
本实施方式中,需要指出的是,上述薄膜晶体管,以及下述各晶体管的控制极为其栅极,第一极为源极,第二极为漏极。
一般地,OLED像素单元中的发光单元的数量为三个,其分别发出红色、绿色和蓝色的光。
下面以OLED像素单元包括1个驱动模块1,发光模块3包括3个发光单元(分别发出红色、绿色和蓝色的光)为例,结合图3所示出的时序,对本实施方式提供的OLED像素单元实现显示的原理和过程进行详细描述。
首先,在第一帧画面(R帧)中,驱动模块1产生第一驱动电流,同时,在控制电压端Gr的控制下,发出红色光的发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启,所述第一驱动电流输入至发出红色光的发光单元中,驱动该发光单元发出红色光。
在第二帧画面(G帧)中,驱动模块1产生第二驱动电流,同时,在控制电压端Gg的控制下,发出绿色光的发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启,所述第二驱动电流输入至发出绿色光的发光单元中,驱动该发光单元发出绿色光。
在第三帧画面(B帧)中,驱动模块1产生第三驱动电流,同时,在控制电压端Gb的控制下,发出蓝色光的发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启,所述第三驱动电流输入至发出蓝色光的发光单元中,驱动该发光单元发出蓝色光。
在上述过程中,控制第一个发光单元发出红色光的时刻至最后一个发光单元发出蓝色光的时刻之间的时间间隔处于人眼的视觉暂留时间之内,可以使观看者观看到各发光单元所发出红色光、绿色光、蓝色光混合之后的光的颜色。
具体地,如图2所示,每个所述驱动模块1可以包括开关晶体管T1、驱动晶体管M1和存储电容C1;所述开关晶体管T1的控制极与栅线Gate连接,第一极与数据线Data连接,第二极与驱动晶体管M1的控制极、存储电容C1的第一端连接;所述驱动晶体管M1的第一极与高电压端VDD连接,第二极与选择模块2、存储电容C1的第二端连接。每个所述发光单元还与低电压端VSS连接。
具体地,在图2所示的驱动模块1生成驱动电流的过程(即每一帧画面)中,栅极线Gate首先输入高电平信号,使开关晶体管T1开启,在此情况下,数据线Data向驱动晶体管M1的控制极和存储电容C1的第一端充电,使其二者上的电压为Vdata;而后,栅极线Gate输入低电平信号,使开关晶体管T1关闭,存储电容C1上储存的电压使驱动晶体管M1的控制极的电压维持在Vdata,并使驱动晶体管M1开启;根据驱动晶体管M1的控制极和第一极的电压,而生成驱动电流,该驱动电流I可以以下述公式表述:
I=K(Vgs-Vth)2=K(Vdata-VDD-Vth)2
在上述驱动电流生成的同时,一个发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启,从而,该驱动电流可以驱动该发光单元发出相应颜色的光。
需要说明的是,在本实施方式中,驱动模块1的结构并不限于图2所示的2T1C(即2个晶体管、1个存储电容)结构,其还可以是能够驱动发光单元发光的任何结构(如,具有更多个晶体管和/或更多个存储电容的驱动结构)。
本发明实施方式提供的OLED像素单元,其M个驱动模块1中的至少一个在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,使每帧画面中发光的发光单元数量少于N,从而可以使OLED像素单元中,驱动模块1的数量可以少于发光单元的数量;与现有技术相比,这样减少了驱动模块1的数量,可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积,从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
本发明还提供一种OLED像素单元的驱动方法的实施方式,其用于驱动本发明上述实施方式提供的OLED像素单元。在本实施方式中,各驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流,驱动N个发光单元发光,使所述OLED像素单元在n帧画面中显示一个像素;其中,至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光。
本实施方式提供的OLED像素单元的驱动方法,其通过至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中产生驱动电流,并在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,使每帧画面中发光的发光单元的数量少于N,从而可以使OLED像素单元中驱动模块的数量可以少于发光单元的数量;与现有技术相比,这样减少了驱动模块的数量,可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积,从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
优选地,所述OLED像素单元中驱动模块的数量为一个,在此情况下,该驱动模块在N帧画面中产生与N个发光单元对应的N个驱动电流,并在每帧画面中通过选择模块与一个发光单元连接,驱动该发光单元发光。这样设置最大限度地减少了驱动模块的数量,最大限度地降低了每个OLED像素单元占用的面积,从而可以最大程度地增加OLED显示装置中的像素密度。
本发明还提供一种OLED显示装置的实施方式,在本实施方式中,所述OLED显示装置包括本发明上述实施方式提供的OLED像素单元。
本发明实施方式提供的OLED显示装置,其采用本发明上述实施方式提供的OLED像素单元,可以降低每个OLED像素单元的占用面积,从而有助于增加OLED显示装置的像素密度。
可以理解的是,以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式,然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下,可以做出各种变型和改进,这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (12)
1.一种OLED像素单元,其特征在于,包括驱动模块、选择模块和发光模块;
所述驱动模块的数量为M个,所述发光模块包括N个发光单元;所述M<N;
所述N个发光单元用于对应地显示能实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光;
每个驱动模块在一帧画面中至多产生一个驱动电流,驱动一个发光单元发光;
且至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光,以使M个驱动模块在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光;所述2≤n≤N;
所述选择模块用于将每帧画面中发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块选通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,所述多个发光单元并联,每个发光单元所在支路上设置有开关器件;
所述选择模块包括设置在每个发光单元所在支路上的开关器件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,所述开关器件为薄膜晶体管,所述薄膜晶体管的控制极与控制电压端连接,第一极、第二极分别与驱动模块、发光单元连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,所述发光器件的还与低电压端连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,所述驱动模块的数量为一个。
6.根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,所述发光单元为OLED。
7.根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,所述发光单元的数量为三个。
8.根据权利要求7所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,所述三个发光单元分别发出红色、绿色、蓝色的光。
9.根据权利要求1~8任意一项所述的OLED像素单元,其特征在于,每个所述驱动模块包括开关晶体管、驱动晶体管和存储电容;
所述开关晶体管的控制极与栅线连接,第一极与数据线连接,第二极与驱动晶体管的控制极、存储电容的第一端连接;
所述驱动晶体管的第一极与高电压端连接,第二极与选择模块、存储电容的第二端连接。
10.权利要求1~9任意一项所述的OLED像素单元的驱动方法,其特征在于,各驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流,驱动N个发光单元发光,使所述OLED像素单元在n帧画面中显示一个像素;其中,
至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中产生驱动电流,用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光。
11.根据权利要求10所述的OLED像素单元的驱动方法,其特征在于,所述OLED像素单元为权利要求5所述的OLED像素单元;
驱动模块在N帧画面中产生与N个发光单元对应的N个驱动电流,并在每帧画面中通过选择模块与一个发光单元连接,驱动该发光单元发光。
12.一种OLED显示装置,其特征在于,包括权利要求1~9任意一项所述的OLED像素单元。
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EP3267433A4 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
EP3267433A1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
US9881549B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
WO2016138756A1 (zh) | 2016-09-09 |
US20170018223A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
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