CN104585094A - Method for breeding Xenocypris argentea Gunther artificially - Google Patents
Method for breeding Xenocypris argentea Gunther artificially Download PDFInfo
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- CN104585094A CN104585094A CN201510021332.2A CN201510021332A CN104585094A CN 104585094 A CN104585094 A CN 104585094A CN 201510021332 A CN201510021332 A CN 201510021332A CN 104585094 A CN104585094 A CN 104585094A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241001222097 Xenocypris argentea Species 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241001222098 Xenocypris Species 0.000 claims description 39
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002196 ecbolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000006 pectoral fin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- OGFYIDCVDSATDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag] OGFYIDCVDSATDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 229940090044 injection Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252206 Cypriniformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003780 keratinization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-MQYCRUOZSA-N oxytocin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1)C(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-MQYCRUOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940082408 oxytocin injection Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001325 yolk sac Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding Xenocypris argentea Gunther artificially, wherein the Xenocypris argentea Gunthers are bred artificially through the steps of: (1) selecting parent fishes, (2) culturing the parent fishes intensively, (3) artificially breeding to culture fries, (4) hatching, and (5) culturing juvenile fishes. The method for breeding the Xenocypris argentea Gunthers artificially solves the key technical problems of the artificial Xenocypris argentea Gunther breeding and is of great significance to enrich market supply, optimize special aquaculture varieties and increase income of farmers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial fecundation method of silver-colored silver xenocypris.
Background technology
Silver silver xenocypris (Xenocypris argentea Gunther), is under the jurisdiction of Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, silver xenocypris subfamily, is widely distributed in that the Changjiang river is dry, tributary and lake, is the fish of bottom life, inhabits the lake arm of lake that the water flows gently or rock patch shallow water area; Silver silver xenocypris feeding habits are slightly mixed, strong adaptability, the lower jaw keratinization edge of Chang Yiqi prosperity, scrape at the bottom of pond or in bed mud and take food, be mainly algae, as diatom, filamentous algae, quiver algae, also eats higher plant chip and zooplankton, as small-sized shell-fish, trunk Magna etc., it is the more common economic fish of Tai Lake.The sexual maturity of silver silver xenocypris needs two ages more than, and breeding period to late June, produces viscid egg in annual late May, and male pectoral fin has stung the arrangement of pearl star firmly, and female do not have, and fish brood amount is between 1.2-14.1 ten thousand.Ovary before the IV phase is light grey, and ovum footpath is 1.1mm, and the ovary entering the IV after date phase is lark, and ovum footpath is 1.3mm.One age and two age individual growth very fast, later growth rate slows down gradually.At present, silver-colored silver xenocypris artificial propagation techniques is in the starting stage, and market supply relies on natural fishing for, and the market supply is not enough.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of artificial fecundation method of silver-colored silver xenocypris, improves output and specification that silver-colored silver xenocypris propagates artificially, improves the market supply ability of silver-colored silver xenocypris.
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
An artificial fecundation method for silver-colored silver xenocypris, comprises the following steps:
(1) select parent population, winter-spring season select that more than 2 years age of winter, physique are healthy and strong, body surface without the parent population hindered, for the use propagated artificially;
(2) parent's reinforced cultivating, is placed in parent population and cultivates pond, and March, early and middle ten days reached more than 15 DEG C when water temperature, and expanded pellet feed of regularly throwing something and feeding in cultivation pond, keeps pond water quality pure and fresh;
(3) artificial induced spawning nursery, selects the parent physically well developed, anosis nothing is hindered after reinforced cultivating, injection oxytocic hormone is placed in spawning pond, is stimulated make its natural spawning by fine bourn;
(4) hatch, fertilized egg is placed in hatching cylinder, adopt the mode of Lotic hatching to make it hatch;
(5) juvenile fish is cultivated, and the juvenile fish of incubation of membrane is moved to juvenile fish cultivation pond and cultivates.
Preferred technical scheme is, it is 1-2 mu that described step (2) cultivates pool area, and the dark 1.5-2.0m in pond, establishes the 1-1.5% gradient and the mud having 20-30cm thick at the bottom of pond, is equipped with bath oxygenation facility, puts in a suitable place to breed and utilize quicklime to clean up the pond in first 15 days.
Preferred technical scheme is, in described step (2), the protein content of expanded pellet feed is more than 40%, and particle diameter is 2.5-4.5mm, and every day throws something and feeds 2-3 time, and every daily ration of feeding is 5% of fish body weight.
Preferred technical scheme is, in described step (3), spawning pond diameter is 5m, the dark 1.0m in pond, inside be provided with bath oxygen increasing equipment, after parent injects oxytocic hormone, put into spawning pond, open oxygen increasing equipment oxygenation, when parent start to have lay eggs sign or reach injection the hormone effect time, close oxygen increasing equipment, wash by water simultaneously, make spawning pond flow velocity reach 2m/s.
Preferred technical scheme is, in described step (3), oxytocic hormone is DOM and LRHA
2, adopt pectoral fin injection, the every tail injected dose of raun is per kilogram 4 milligrams of DOM and 40 microgram LRHA
2, milter dosage reduces by half.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, parent's natural spawning is made by the method for parent's reinforced cultivating, artificial induced spawning nursery, reach higher fertility rate and hatchability, improve output and the specification of silver-colored silver xenocypris artificial propagation, thus improve the market supply ability of silver-colored silver xenocypris, to the peculiar aquaculture kind of tuning, increase the income of raiser and have important useful.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, such scheme is described further.Should be understood that these embodiments are not limited to for illustration of the present invention limit the scope of the invention.The implementation condition adopted in embodiment can do further adjustment according to the condition of concrete producer, and not marked implementation condition is generally the condition in normal experiment.
An artificial fecundation method for silver-colored silver xenocypris, comprises the following steps:
(1) select parent population, winter-spring season select that more than 2 years age of winter, physique are healthy and strong, body surface without the parent population hindered, for the use propagated artificially;
(2) parent's reinforced cultivating, is placed in parent population and cultivates pond, and March, early and middle ten days reached more than 15 DEG C when water temperature, and expanded pellet feed of regularly throwing something and feeding in cultivation pond, keeps pond water quality pure and fresh;
(3) artificial induced spawning nursery, selects the parent physically well developed, anosis nothing is hindered after reinforced cultivating, injection oxytocic hormone is placed in spawning pond, is stimulated make its natural spawning by fine bourn;
(4) hatch, fertilized egg is placed in hatching cylinder, adopt the mode of Lotic hatching to make it hatch;
(5) juvenile fish is cultivated, and the juvenile fish of incubation of membrane is moved to juvenile fish cultivation pond and cultivates.
The parent population in two ages in winter more than is selected in silver silver xenocypris artificial propagation, parent's specification is 100-200 gram and physique is healthy and strong, body surface without wound, parent fish rearing pond is generally 1-2 mu, the dark 1.5-2.0m in pond, has the gradient of 1-1.5% at the bottom of pond, have the mud of 20-30 centimetre, note draining is convenient, water source is good, contamination-free, is equipped with bath oxygenation facility, put in a suitable place to breed first 15 days every mu be with a small amount of water to clean up the pond with quicklime 80kg, every mu is put in a suitable place to breed the amount of growing is 100 kilograms, and cultivate pond water quality based on fertilizer, transparency is 25-30 centimetre.
About Sex judging and the selection of silver-colored silver xenocypris parent, in mating season, obviously, raun back of the body abdomen is broad, and pectoral fin is slightly rounded for the difference of male and female silver silver xenocypris, and belly expands, soft, and ovary profile is obvious, and cloacal aperture is micro-red; Milter build is long and narrow, and the head gill cover and fin ray are covered with " pearl star ", and hand touches that sensation is obviously coarse, and pectoral fin is slightly triangular in shape, gently presses belly, has milky seminal fluid to flow out, and selects the ratio of male and female parent quantity to be about 1: 1.
March early and middle ten days, when water temperature reaches more than 15 DEG C, silver silver xenocypris parent start to ingest, regularly toward the expanded pellet feed cultivating in pond protein content more than 40% of throwing something and feeding, particle diameter is 2.5-4.5mm, and every daily ration of feeding is 5% of fish body weight, every day throws something and feeds 2-3 time, visual weather, water temperature, water quality and the food situation of change of every day increase and decrease feeding volume in good time, for keeping cultivation pool inner water matter pure and fresh, within every 15 days, add new water 5-10cm.
Following table is that 2013 years and 2014 annual silver-colored silver xenocypris parents collect and cultivation situation, and wherein 2013 annual silver-colored silver xenocypris parents put in a suitable place to breed at area is in the cultivation pond of 0.9 mu, and it is in the cultivation pond of 2 mu that 2014 annual silver-colored silver xenocypris parents put in a suitable place to breed at area:
Table one silver silver xenocypris parent collects and the situation of cultivation
May is mating season of silver-colored silver xenocypris, selects to physically well develop, the anosis silver-colored silver xenocypris without wound from the parent after reinforced cultivating, and injection oxytocic hormone is placed in spawning pond, and oxytocic hormone selects DOM and LRHA
2, adopt pectoral fin injection, the every tail injected dose of raun is per kilogram 4 milligrams of DOM and 40 microgram LRHA
2, milter dosage reduces by half.The Effect time of laying eggs of parent changes along with the change of water temperature, and such as, under the condition of water temperature 21 DEG C, silver-colored silver xenocypris parent Effect time of laying eggs is 11 hours; Under the condition of water temperature 24 DEG C, silver-colored silver xenocypris parent Effect time of laying eggs is 8 hours.
Spawning pond is rounded, its diameter is 5m, the dark 1m in pond, inside establish bath oxygenation facility, namely open oxygen increasing equipment oxygenation after the parent of oxytocin injection is placed in spawning pond, when parent starts to have the sign or reach the Effect time of injection oxytocic hormone of laying eggs, then close oxygen increasing equipment carry out large flow velocity bath, make flow velocity in spawning pond reach 2m/s, make parent's natural spawning under fine bourn stimulates.
Silver silver xenocypris fertilized egg is floating gamogenetic egg, ovum footpath is less, fertilized egg is placed in hatching cylinder, every only hatching cylinder puts 1,500,000, ovum, and adopting the mode of Lotic hatching to hatch, incubating oosperm gets final product membrane in 52 hours, 2-3 days after fry membrane, treat that yolk sac disappears, fry can flat trip can descend the pool to cultivate summer flower seed.
Table two be 2013 year and 2014 annual silver-colored silver xenocypris artificial propagation situations, wherein 2013 years be evening on May 22nd, 2013 20:00 hasten parturition, water temperature is 24 DEG C, silver-colored silver xenocypris parent in morning next day 4:00 lay eggs, Effect time is 8 hours; 2014 years be the morning on May 14th, 2014 10:00 hasten parturition, water temperature is 21 DEG C, silver-colored silver xenocypris parent in that night 21:00 lay eggs, Effect time is 11 hours.
Table two silver silver xenocypris artificial propagation situation
In upper table egg laying amount by taking-up ovum after measure total egg volume with measuring cup, then measure every 10 milliliters containing ovum grain number calculate; Fertilization rate measures and takes random sampling, and wherein within 2013, get 134, ovum, wherein 103, fertilized egg, fertilization rate is within 76.87%2014 years, get 121, ovum, wherein 97, fertilized egg, and fertilization rate is 80.17%; Incubation rate calculates divided by number of emerging by fertilized egg, namely hatches rate=total fertilized egg × 100% of several ÷ of emerging.
Visible, the artificial fecundation method of silver-colored silver xenocypris of the present invention, can reach higher fertility rate and hatchability, greatly can improve the output of silver-colored silver xenocypris, improves the market supply ability of silver-colored silver xenocypris.
Above-mentioned example, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art person can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalent transformations of doing according to Spirit Essence of the present invention or modification, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an artificial fecundation method for silver-colored silver xenocypris, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) select parent population, winter-spring season select that more than 2 years age of winter, physique are healthy and strong, body surface without the parent population hindered, for the use propagated artificially;
(2) parent's reinforced cultivating, is placed in parent population and cultivates pond, and March, early and middle ten days reached more than 15 DEG C when water temperature, and expanded pellet feed of regularly throwing something and feeding in cultivation pond, keeps pond water quality pure and fresh;
(3) artificial induced spawning nursery, selects the parent physically well developed, anosis nothing is hindered after reinforced cultivating, injection oxytocic hormone is placed in spawning pond, is stimulated make its natural spawning by fine bourn;
(4) hatch, fertilized egg is placed in hatching cylinder, adopt the mode of Lotic hatching to make it hatch;
(5) juvenile fish is cultivated, and is moved to by the juvenile fish of incubation of membrane in juvenile fish cultivation pond and cultivates.
2. the artificial fecundation method of silver-colored silver xenocypris according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is 1-2 mu that described step (2) cultivates pool area, and the dark 1.5-2.0m in pond, establishes the 1-1.5% gradient and have 20-30cm mud at the bottom of pond, be equipped with bath oxygenation facility, put in a suitable place to breed and utilize quicklime to clean up the pond in first 15 days.
3. the artificial fecundation method of silver-colored silver xenocypris according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), the protein content of expanded pellet feed is more than 40%, particle diameter is 2.5-4.5mm, and every day throws something and feeds 2-3 time, and every daily ration of feeding is 5% of fish body weight.
4. the artificial fecundation method of silver-colored silver xenocypris according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), spawning pond diameter is 5m, the dark 1.0m in pond, inside be provided with bath oxygen increasing equipment, after parent injects oxytocic hormone, put into spawning pond, open oxygen increasing equipment oxygenation, when parent start to have lay eggs sign or reach injection the hormone effect time, close oxygen increasing equipment, wash by water simultaneously, make spawning pond flow velocity reach 2m/s.
5. the artificial fecundation method of silver-colored silver xenocypris according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), oxytocic hormone is DOM and LRHA
2, adopt pectoral fin injection, the every tail injected dose of raun is per kilogram 4 milligrams of DOM and 40 microgram LRHA
2, milter dosage reduces by half.
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CN110036948A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-23 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of method of ox head porgy batch breeding |
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