CN104550805A - Device and method for preparing magnesium alloy ingot blank for deformation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing a magnesium alloy ingot blank for deformation. The device comprises sixe pars, namely a dust collection device, a smelting device, a sealing device, a liquid guiding device, a shunting and flow controlling device and a casting device. The method comprises magnesium alloy burdening, smelting, sealing, pressurizing, liquid guiding, shunting, flow controlling and casting. The device and the method are simple in production process, low in cost, stable in technology and easy for realization of industrial production.

Description

Device and method for preparing magnesium alloy ingot for deformation

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials and metallurgy, and in particular relates to a device and method for preparing a magnesium alloy ingot blank for deformation.

Background technique

Magnesium alloy has the advantages of small specific gravity, high specific strength, good electromagnetic shielding performance, and good vibration resistance, and has great application potential in transportation, communication, aerospace and other industrial fields. In addition, magnesium is abundant on earth. In recent years, the requirement of saving energy and protecting the environment has promoted the rapid growth of the application of magnesium alloys. At present, magnesium alloy parts are mainly produced by die-casting, but the mechanical properties of die-casting parts are low, which limits the excellent characteristics of magnesium alloys, and hinders the expansion of the application field and the increase in the amount of magnesium alloys. The compact structure, strength and ductility of wrought magnesium alloys are better than those of as-cast alloys. Therefore, the development of high-performance wrought magnesium alloys and the research on new production processes and technologies have attracted extensive attention.

The preparation of deformed magnesium alloy products is obtained by plastically deforming magnesium alloy ingots through extrusion, rolling, forging and other processing methods, and the magnesium alloy ingots for deformation are mainly obtained after melting and casting. At present, the casting methods of magnesium alloy ingots for deformation are mainly die casting and semi-continuous casting. Die casting is a relatively old method, which is basically operated manually or with simple tools. This method is used to prepare magnesium alloy ingots for deformation The billet quality is difficult to guarantee, the production efficiency is very low, the yield is low, and the cost is relatively high; compared with die casting, the semi-continuous casting method has greatly improved both in billet quality control and production efficiency, but at present Using this method to prepare magnesium alloy ingots for deformation still has some problems. For example, for magnesium alloy melts that are extremely easy to oxidize, burn, and have a large air intake, the underflow method or the liquid guide pump method is used when casting, and the underflow method is cast. It is an open liquid guide, which can easily make the magnesium alloy melt contact with the air, and then cause the magnesium alloy melt to oxidize and burn, making casting control and quality control difficult. Casting with liquid guide pump is to extend the pump body with blades into the melt of the crucible, and the pump body with blades rotates to realize the liquid guide. The flux inclusions or oxide inclusions to the bottom of the crucible enter the mold with the melt through the catheter, and then solidify into the magnesium alloy ingot for deformation, so it is difficult to obtain high-quality and high-quality ingots by these two methods Blank. In addition, it is difficult to achieve long-distance liquid conduction in underflow casting. In order to achieve long-distance liquid conduction, a catheter is currently used to conduct liquid, but it is very difficult to control the temperature of the catheter. Resistance heating is used to control the temperature.

The structure of the tube is complex, easy to damage and high cost, and it is impossible to achieve rapid temperature replenishment, which limits the smooth drainage of the catheter and easily leads to blockage of the catheter; the position control of the catheter in the mold using resistance heating is also very difficult. During the preparation of magnesium alloy ingots for deformation, the control of the diversion control of the melt in the mold is also very important. The bottom flow method is difficult to realize the docking with the diverter plate, and it is impossible to realize the diversion control and liquid level control of the melt in the mold during stable casting. It affects the surface quality of the ingot during drawing casting, increases the turning amount of the ingot surface, and affects the yield of the ingot.

Therefore, based on the above situation, it is necessary to develop a magnesium alloy ingot preparation device and method for deformation, which is easy to operate, simple in structure, can realize rapid and undisturbed liquid conduction, simple in production process, low in cost, stable in process, and easy to realize industrial production. To greatly improve the quality of magnesium alloy ingots for deformation.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for preparing a magnesium alloy ingot for deformation. The device of the present invention has simple structure, easy operation, fast and undisturbed liquid conduction, simple production process, low cost and stable process , Easy to realize industrial production.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation, which consists of six parts: a dust removal device, a smelting device, a sealing device, a liquid guiding device, a flow diversion and flow control device, and a casting device.

The dedusting device is composed of a dedusting pipeline 1 connected to the dedusting machine and a movable dedusting hood 2 installed at the mouth of the smelting furnace.

The smelting device includes a crucible 10 for smelting and a furnace body 12 .

Described sealing device comprises the furnace cover 9 that has pressurization with gas delivery pipe 4, guide tube 6 insertion hole 15 and suspension hook 25, the sealing ring 5 between crucible and cover, guide tube 6 and furnace cover. Insert the sealing ring 7 between the insertion holes 15 of the catheter 6 and the sealing fastening clamp 3 on the cover 9 .

The liquid guiding device includes a liquid guiding tube 6 , a rapid heating device 8 for the heat conducting tube, an external heat preservation device 11 for the liquid guiding tube and a height adjusting device 23 for the liquid guiding tube.

The diversion and flow control device includes a diverter plate 19 with a plug 26 and a hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20; the casting device includes a casting mold 14, a casting machine 18, a dummy rod 17, and a casting trolley 13 with the function of supplying water to the casting mold , the drain pump 21 and the drain pipe 22 placed in the casting well 24.

The casting device includes a casting mold 14 , a casting machine 18 , a dummy bar 17 , a casting trolley 13 with the function of supplying water to the casting mold, a drain pump 21 and a drain pipe 22 placed in a casting well 24 .

The described device for preparing magnesium alloy ingots for deformation, wherein the crucible 10 is made of nickel-free heat-resistant cast steel or nickel-free composite steel plate; The furnace cover is made of 15mm-40mm steel plate, and has a boss with a height of 10mm-25mm and a width of 10mm-20mm around the furnace cover; the sealing rings 5 and 7 are made of heat-resistant high-temperature cotton or packing.

The described device for preparing magnesium alloy ingots for deformation, wherein the catheter tube 6 is a stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 15 mm to 35 mm and a horizontal length of 1000 mm to 6000 mm. 100mm nickel-free heat-resistant steel pipe and a nickel-free heat-resistant steel pipe with an inner diameter of 50mm-100mm on the outside of the catheter inserted into the mold; the distance between the end of the heat-conducting pipe inserted into the crucible and the bottom of the crucible is 150mm-400mm; the rapid heating device for the heat-conducting pipe The voltage provided by 8 is 24V-36V, and the current is continuously adjustable from 50A-2000A; the external heat preservation device 11 of the catheter is made of thermal insulation cotton; the height adjustment device 23 of the catheter is composed of a hydraulic lifting mechanism or a screw lifting mechanism.

The device for preparing magnesium alloy ingots for deformation, wherein the diverter plate 19 is processed by stainless steel plate or heat-resistant steel plate, the shape is round or rectangular, and the thickness of the plate is 0.6 mm to 2.0 mm; the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20 It is processed by using the principle of lever to control the depth of the diverter plate in the mold so as to realize the control of the liquid level of the magnesium alloy melt in the mold.

The device for preparing magnesium alloy ingots for deformation, wherein the casting mold 14 is circular or rectangular, the inner sleeve is made of forged aluminum or high-strength graphite, the inner diameter of the circular casting mold is 60mm-820mm, and the height is 80mm-250mm , the rectangular casting mold is 100mm-2000mm in length, 20mm-600mm in width, and 80mm-250mm in height; the drawing casting machine 18 is driven by hydraulic pressure or screw or wire rope; the dummy rod 17 is circular or rectangular, the size 1.5mm~3mm smaller than the mold inner sleeve.

The method for preparing a magnesium alloy ingot for deformation by using the device includes the following steps:

Step 1: Weigh the composition of the cast magnesium alloy as required, put the weighed raw materials into the crucible 10 preheated to 200°C-500°C and raise the temperature. The temperature is controlled at 600°C-800°C. After melting, carry out 20min~50min stirring and refining. During refining, place a mobile dust removal cover 2 at the mouth of the melting furnace and turn on the dust removal device. After refining, the melt temperature reaches 650°C~750°C and put a sealing ring on the upper edge of the crucible 10. 5 and cover the furnace cover, and clamp the furnace cover and the crucible with a sealing fastening fixture;

Step 2: Put the sealing ring 5 on the furnace cover 9 to reserve the position of the socket 15 where the catheter 6 is inserted, and then use the heat pipe rapid heating device 8 to heat the catheter 6 preheated to 650°C to 750°C One end is inserted from the socket 15 reserved on the furnace cover, and the other end of the catheter 6 is put into the mold 14 at the same time, and the position of the catheter 6 in the mold 14 is adjusted with the catheter height adjustment device 23, Afterwards, the insertion hole 15 for inserting the catheter 6 on the furnace cover 9 and the catheter 6 is fastened with the sealing clamp 3;

Step 3: Use the lifting function of the casting machine 18 to extend the dummy bar 17 into the lower edge of the mold 14 by 5 mm to 20 mm, wipe the dummy bar 17 clean, and then use the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20 to place the diverter plate 19 in the mold 14 And it is well connected with the catheter tube 6;

Step 4: Cooling water needs to be passed through the casting mold before drawing casting, and the diverter plate 19 needs to be preheated. The preheating temperature is 500°C to 700°C. At 700℃～750℃;

Step 5: After the above steps are ready, input dry air or argon gas into the furnace through the pressurized gas delivery pipe on the furnace cover 9. The pressure in the furnace is controlled at 0.015-0.05 MPa. After entering the diversion plate 19 through the catheter 6, the amount of the melt entering the mold is controlled by the catheter height adjustment device 23 and the hoisting diversion plate mechanism. When the upper surface of the melt entering the mold is 50 mm away from the lower edge of the mold 200mm, start the drawing casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17 to move downward, and the movement speed is controlled at 15mm/min～400mm/min;

Step 6: When the ingot reaches the predetermined length, stop the ventilation and pressurization into the crucible 10, and then stop the catheter 6 from guiding the liquid into the mold;

Step 7: Stop drawing the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17. After the melt in the mold 14 is completely solidified into the ingot 16, cut off the cooling water flowing into the mold 14, remove the casting trolley, take out the ingot, and use the drain pump 21 The water in the casting well is discharged through the drainpipe 22 to prepare for the next casting.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) Compared with other devices, the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention adopts aeration and pressurization in the sealed crucible to guide the liquid, and the pressure can be adjusted smoothly through aeration and pressurization, so that the control of the flow rate can be realized . In addition, the pressure is relatively small during ventilation and pressurization, and the gap between the catheter and the plug on the diversion plate is controlled by controlling the depth of the plug on the diversion plate inserted into the catheter to control the flow rate. It is beneficial to control the flow of the melt, avoids the disturbance of the melt in the crucible, and ensures the export of high-quality clean magnesium alloy melt.

(2) The catheters in the prior art are heated by winding resistance wires, and the catheters are relatively short and cannot be heated rapidly. In addition, the winding resistance wire heating method has a relatively short service life of the resistance wire. In the invention, the catheter tube is used as a resistor to be heated by low voltage and high current, which can realize rapid heating and prevent the melt from solidifying in the catheter tube during long-distance fluid guiding. The catheter of the present invention can realize long-distance liquid conduction, and is heated by a rapid heating device, which ensures that the catheter is quickly heated and supplemented with warming fluid during the liquid conduction process, and prevents the catheter from being Liquid pipe temperature reduction can not achieve liquid conduction and casting.

(3) The diversion and flow control device in the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention is conducive to controlling the uniform flow of the melt in the mold, and the liquid that the diversion plate comes out from the catheter can pass through the diversion holes around the diversion plate evenly and quickly flow to the edge of the mold, which is conducive to the uniform temperature of the melt in the mold, that is, to the uniform solidification, and provides a guarantee for the preparation of fine-grained homogeneous magnesium alloy ingots; After the plug in the pipe is docked, the buoyancy of the melt on the diverter plate can be used to automatically adjust the gap between the catheter and the plug on the diverter plate, and then the flow into the mold can be controlled, which is beneficial to control the liquid level of the melt in the mold The stability of magnesium alloy can ensure the surface quality of the ingot during the drawing casting process, reduce the amount of turning, and improve the yield.

(4) The device and method of the present invention are easy to operate, simple in structure, can realize fast and undisturbed fluid conduction, simple production process, low cost, stable process, and easy to realize industrialized production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the furnace cover in the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the catheter in the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a circular splitter in the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular splitter plate in the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hoisting diverter plate mechanism in the magnesium alloy ingot preparation device for deformation of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the Φ 320mmAZ31B magnesium alloy ingot for deformation prepared by the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the Φ320mmMg-10Gd-7Y-2Zn-0.6Zr magnesium alloy ingot for deformation prepared by the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the Φ500mm ZK60 magnesium alloy ingot for deformation prepared by the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the Φ800mmAZ80 magnesium alloy ingot blank for deformation prepared by the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a 400mm×1200mm AZ80 magnesium alloy ingot for deformation prepared by the present invention.

Among them, 1-dust removal pipeline, 2-movable dust removal cover, 3-sealing fastening fixture, 4-gas pipeline for pressurization, 5-sealing ring between crucible and furnace cover, 6-catheter tube, 7- The sealing ring between the liquid guide tube and the furnace cover, 8-heat pipe rapid heating device, 9-furnace cover, 10-melting crucible, 11-insulation device outside the guide tube, 12-furnace body, 13-casting trolley, 14-casting mold, 15-catheter tube insertion hole, 16-ingot casting, 17-dummy rod, 18-drawing casting machine, 19-distributor plate, 20-hoisting diverter plate mechanism, 21-drainage pump, 22-drainage pipe , 23-catheter height adjustment device, 24-casting well, 25-hook, 26-plug.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further illustrated below by way of examples. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are used to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the present invention. The simple improvements made to the present invention according to the essence of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. All alloys or chemical reagents used are commercially available products.

Example 1:

Weigh 1000kg of raw materials according to the composition ratio of AZ31B magnesium alloy, put the weighed raw materials into the crucible 10 preheated to 300°C and raise the temperature, control the temperature at 740°C, and carry out stirring and refining for 30 minutes after all the raw materials are melted. Dust removal device 2, after the melt temperature reaches 720°C after refining, put a sealing ring 5 on the upper edge of the crucible 10 and cover the furnace cover 9, and clamp the furnace cover 9 and the crucible 10 with a sealing fastening fixture 3; put the sealing ring Put it on the furnace cover 9 to reserve the position of the socket 15 where the catheter 6 is inserted, and then use the heat pipe rapid heating device 8 to preheat the heat pipe to 730°C. hole, and at the same time put the other end of the catheter 6 into the mold, and use the catheter height adjustment device 23 to adjust the position of the catheter 6 in the mold, and then use the sealing clamp 3 to tighten the catheter 6 Clamp with the furnace cover 9; use the lifting function of the casting machine 18 to extend the dummy bar 17 into the lower edge of the mold by 8mm, wipe the dummy bar 17 clean, and then use the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20 to place the diverter plate in the mold and connect it with The liquid guide tube 6 is butted; before drawing casting, it is necessary to pass cooling water into the mold, and to preheat the splitter plate 19, the preheating temperature is 600°C, and at the same time, use the heat pipe rapid heating device 8 to keep the temperature of the liquid guide tube 6 At 730°C; use the pressurized gas delivery pipe 4 on the furnace cover 9 to input dry air or argon into the furnace, and the pressure in the furnace is controlled at 0.02MPa. After the melt in the crucible is pressurized, it enters the shunt through the catheter 6 Behind the plate 19, the amount of melt entering the mold with an inner diameter of 320 mm and a height of 150 mm is controlled by the catheter height adjustment device 23 and the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. When the upper surface of the melt entering the mold is 80 mm from the lower edge of the mold, the drawing casting is started The machine 18 pulls the dummy rod 17 to move downward, and the movement speed is controlled at 60mm/min; when the length of the ingot reaches the preset value, stop the ventilation and pressurization into the crucible 10, and then stop the catheter 6 from guiding liquid into the mold; Stop the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17, and after the melt in the mold is completely solidified, cut off the cooling water flowing into the mold, remove the casting trolley, take out the ingot 16, and use the drainage pump to drain the water in the casting well through the drain pipe , ready for the next cast.

The Φ320 mm AZ31 magnesium alloy ingot for deformation obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7 .

Example 2:

Weigh 1000kg of raw materials according to the composition ratio of Mg-10Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.6Zr magnesium alloy, put the weighed raw materials into the crucible 10 preheated to 500°C and raise the temperature, control the temperature at 780°C, and wait until all the raw materials are melted Then carry out stirring and refining for 40 minutes. During refining, the dust removal device 2 is turned on. After the melt temperature reaches 780°C after refining, put a sealing ring 5 on the upper edge of the crucible 10 and cover the furnace cover 9, and seal the furnace cover 9 with a sealing fixture 3. Clamp with the crucible 10; place the sealing ring on the furnace cover 9 to reserve the position of the jack 15 where the catheter 6 is inserted, and then use the heat pipe rapid heating device 8 to preheat the heat pipe to 760 ° C at one end of the pipe Insert from the reserved socket on the furnace cover, put the other end of the catheter 6 into the mold simultaneously, and adjust the position of the catheter 6 in the mold with the height regulator 23 of the catheter, and then use a sealing Fixing fixture 3 clamps the catheter tube 6 and the furnace cover 9 tightly; uses the lifting function of the casting machine 18 to extend the dummy rod 17 into the lower edge of the casting mold by 10 mm, wipes the dummy rod 17 clean, and then uses the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20 Put the diverter plate in the mold and connect it with the catheter 6; before casting, it is necessary to pass cooling water into the mold and preheat the diverter plate 19, the preheating temperature is 700 ° C, and use the heat pipe to heat quickly The device 8 keeps the temperature of the catheter 6 at 760°C; the pressurized air pipe 4 on the furnace cover 9 is used to input dry air or argon into the furnace, and the pressure in the furnace is controlled at 0.025MPa. After being pressed and entering the diverter plate 19 through the catheter 6, the amount of melt entering the mold with an inner diameter of 320 mm and a height of 180 mm is controlled by the catheter height adjustment device 23 and the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. When entering the mold, the distance from the upper surface of the melt When the lower edge of the casting mold is 100mm, start the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17 to move downward, and the movement speed is controlled at 45mm/min; The liquid pipe 6 guides the liquid into the mold; stop the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17, and after the melt in the mold is completely solidified, cut off the cooling water flowing into the mold, remove the casting trolley, take out the ingot 16, and use the drain pump Drain the water in the casting well through the drain pipe to prepare for the next casting.

The Φ320 mm Mg-10Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.6Zr magnesium alloy ingot for deformation obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 8 .

Example 3:

Weigh 2000kg of raw materials according to the composition ratio of ZK60 magnesium alloy, put the weighed raw materials into the crucible 10 preheated to 400°C and heat up, the temperature is controlled at 760°C, after all the raw materials are melted, stir and refine for 50 minutes, and turn on when refining Dust removal device 2, after the melt temperature reaches 760°C after refining, put a sealing ring 5 on the upper edge of the crucible 10 and cover the furnace cover 9, and clamp the furnace cover 9 and the crucible 10 with a sealing fastening fixture 3; put the sealing ring 5. Put it on the furnace cover 9 and reserve the position of the socket 15 where the catheter 6 is inserted, and then use the heat pipe rapid heating device 8 to preheat the heat pipe 6 to 740°C. One end of the catheter 6 is preheated from the furnace cover 9 Insert the remaining jack 15, put the other end of the catheter tube 6 into the mold, and adjust the position of the catheter tube 6 in the mold with the catheter height adjustment device 23, and then use the sealing and fastening fixture 3 to secure the The catheter tube 6 and the furnace cover 9 are clamped tightly; the dummy rod 17 is extended into the lower edge of the casting mold by 15mm by using the lifting function of the drawing casting machine 18, and the dummy rod 17 is wiped clean, and then the diverter plate 19 is placed by the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. In the casting mold, it is well connected with the catheter 6; before casting, it is necessary to pass cooling water into the casting mold and preheat the diverter plate 19. The temperature of the liquid pipe 6 is kept at 740°C; the pressurized air pipe 4 on the furnace cover 9 is used to input dry air or argon into the furnace, and the pressure in the furnace is controlled at 0.03MPa. After the catheter 6 enters the diverter plate 19, the amount of the melt entering the mold with an inner diameter of 500 mm and a height of 200 mm is controlled by the catheter height adjustment device 23 and the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. When the distance between the upper surface of the melt and the lower edge of the mold is 150mm, start the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17 to move downward, and the speed of movement is controlled at 25mm/min; Lead the liquid into the mold; stop the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17, and after the melt in the mold is completely solidified, cut off the cooling water flowing into the mold, remove the casting trolley, take out the ingot 16, and use the drainage pump to drain the water in the casting well. The water is discharged through the drain pipe, ready for the next casting.

The Φ500 mm ZK60 magnesium alloy ingot for deformation obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 9 .

Example 4:

Weigh 2500kg of raw materials according to the composition ratio of AZ80 magnesium alloy, put the weighed raw materials into the crucible 10 preheated to 350°C and raise the temperature, control the temperature at 720°C, and carry out stirring and refining for 60 minutes after all the raw materials are melted, and turn on when refining Dust removal device 2, after the melt temperature reaches 720°C after refining, put a sealing ring 5 on the upper edge of the crucible 10 and cover the furnace cover 9, and clamp the furnace cover 9 and the crucible 10 with a sealing fastening fixture 3; put the sealing ring 5. Put it on the furnace cover 9 to reserve the position of the socket 15 where the catheter 6 is inserted, and then use the heat pipe rapid heating device 8 to preheat the heat pipe to 700°C. One end of the catheter 6 is preheated from the furnace cover 9 Insert the remaining jack 15, put the other end of the catheter tube 6 into the mold, and adjust the position of the catheter tube 6 in the mold with the catheter height adjustment device 23, and then use the sealing and fastening fixture 3 to secure the The catheter tube 6 and the furnace cover 9 are clamped tightly; the dummy rod 17 is extended into the lower edge of the casting mold by 15mm by using the lifting function of the drawing casting machine 18, and the dummy rod 17 is wiped clean, and then the diverter plate 19 is placed by the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. In the casting mold and connected with the catheter 6; before drawing, cooling water needs to be passed through the mold, and the splitter plate 19 needs to be preheated. The preheating temperature is 670°C. The temperature of the liquid pipe 6 is kept at 700°C; the pressurized air pipe 4 on the furnace cover 9 is used to input dry air or argon into the furnace, and the pressure in the furnace is controlled at 0.025MPa. After the catheter 6 enters the diverter plate 19, the amount of the melt entering the mold with an inner diameter of 800 mm and a height of 230 mm is controlled by the catheter height adjustment device 23 and the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. When the distance between the upper surface of the melt entering the mold and the lower edge of the mold 150mm, start the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17 to move downward, and the movement speed is controlled at 22mm/min; when the length of the ingot reaches the preset value, stop the ventilation and pressurization into the crucible 10 and then stop the catheter 6 Lead the liquid into the mold; stop the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17, and after the melt in the mold is completely solidified, cut off the cooling water flowing into the mold, remove the casting trolley, take out the ingot 16, and use the drainage pump to drain the water in the casting well. The water is discharged through the drain pipe, ready for the next casting.

The Φ800mm AZ80 magnesium alloy ingot for deformation obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 10 .

Example 5:

Weigh 3000kg of raw materials according to the composition ratio of AZ31B magnesium alloy, put the weighed raw materials into the crucible 10 preheated to 350°C and raise the temperature, control the temperature at 740°C, and carry out stirring and refining for 60 minutes after all the raw materials are melted, and turn on when refining Dust removal device 2, after the melt temperature reaches 720°C after refining, put a sealing ring 5 on the upper edge of the crucible 10 and cover the furnace cover 9, and clamp the furnace cover 9 and the crucible 10 with a sealing fastening fixture 3; put the sealing ring 5. Put it on the furnace cover 9 to reserve the position of the socket 15 where the catheter 6 is inserted, and then use the heat pipe rapid heating device 8 to preheat the heat pipe to 700°C. One end of the catheter 6 is preheated from the furnace cover 9 Insert the remaining jack 15, put the other end of the catheter tube 6 into the mold, and adjust the position of the catheter tube 6 in the mold with the catheter height adjustment device 23, and then use the sealing and fastening fixture 3 to secure the The catheter tube 6 and the furnace cover 9 are clamped tightly; the dummy rod 17 is extended into the lower edge of the casting mold by 10mm by using the lifting function of the drawing casting machine 18, and the dummy rod 17 is wiped clean, and then the diverter plate 19 is placed by the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. In the casting mold and connected with the catheter 6; before drawing, cooling water needs to be passed into the mold, and the splitter plate 19 needs to be preheated. The preheating temperature is 680 ° C. The temperature of the liquid pipe 6 is kept at 700°C; the pressurized air pipe 4 on the furnace cover 9 is used to input dry air or argon into the furnace, and the pressure in the furnace is controlled at 0.025MPa. After the catheter 6 enters the diverter plate 19, the amount of the melt entering the mold with a cross section of 400mm×1200mm and a height of 250mm is controlled by the catheter height adjustment device 23 and the hoisting diverter plate mechanism 20. When the distance between the upper surface of the melt entering the mold and the mold is When the lower edge is 200mm, start the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy bar 17 to move downward, and the movement speed is controlled at 22mm/min; when the length of the ingot reaches the preset value, stop the ventilation and pressurization into the crucible 10 and then stop the liquid guide The pipe 6 guides liquid into the mold; stop the casting machine 18 to pull the dummy rod 17, and after the melt in the mold is completely solidified, cut off the cooling water flowing into the mold, remove the casting trolley, take out the ingot 16, and use the drain pump to drain the The water in the casting well is discharged through the drain pipe, ready for the next casting.

The 400 mm×1200 mm AZ31 magnesium alloy ingot for deformation obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 11 .

Claims (7)

1. magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation facilities is used in a distortion, it is characterized in that: comprise dust arrester, smelting apparatus, sealing device, drainage set, shunting and flow control device, cast device, it is characterized in that: described dust arrester is made up of the cleaning shaft be connected on dust removal machine (1) and the portable dust excluding hood (2) that is arranged on smelting furnace fire door place; Described smelting apparatus comprises crucible for smelting (10) and body of heater (12); Described sealing device comprise there is pressurization appendix (4), catheter (6) inserts patchhole (15) in crucible and the bell (9) of suspension hook (25), the upper slotting catheter (6) of sealing ring (5), catheter (6) and bell (9) between crucible and bell patchhole (15) between sealing ring (7) and seal fastening clamp apparatus (3); Described drainage set comprises catheter (6), heat pipe nonstorage calorifier (8), catheter external heat preserving device (11) and catheter arrangement for adjusting height (23); Described shunting and flow control device comprise the shunting disk (19) and lifting shunting disk mechanism (20) with stopper (26); Described cast device comprises mold (14), draw-casting machine (18), dummy bar (17), has to the casting dolly (13) of mold water supply function, is placed on draining pump (21) in casting well (24) and drainpipe (22).

2. distortion magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that described crucible (10) is made by without nickel heat resisting cast steel or without composite nickel steel plate; The steel pipe that described pressurization appendix (4) is 15mm ~ 35mm by internal diameter is made; Described bell is made up of 15mm ~ 40mm steel plate, and on bell around there is the boss of high 10mm ~ 25mm, wide 10mm ~ 20mm; Described sealing ring (5) and (7) are made up of heat-resisting high temperature cotton or packing.

3. distortion magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described catheter (6) be 15mm ~ 35mm horizontal length by internal diameter be 1000mm ~ 6000mm stainless steel tube, be enclosed within to stretch in crucible melt internal diameter outside catheter be 50mm ~ 100mm to stretch in mold internal diameter outside catheter without nickel heat-resisting steel pipe and being enclosed within be forming without nickel heat-resisting steel pipe of 50mm ~ 100mm; Described heat pipe inserts crucible follower head apart from crucible bottom 150mm ~ 400mm; The voltage that described heat pipe nonstorage calorifier (8) provides is 24V ~ 36V, and electric current is 50A ~ 2000A continuously adjustabe; Described catheter external heat preserving device (11) is processed by heat-preservation cotton; Described catheter arrangement for adjusting height (23) is made up of hydraulicefficiency elevation structure or screw-threaded shaft elevator structure.

4. distortion magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that described shunting disk (19) is processed by corrosion resistant plate or heat-resisting steel sheet and plate, and shape is circular or rectangle, and sheet metal thickness is 0.6mm ~ 2.0mm; Described lifting shunting disk mechanism (20) is the control shunting disk degree of depth in the mould and then the control realized magnesium alloy fused mass liquid level in mold that utilize bar thick stick principle to process.

5. distortion magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described mold (14) is circular or rectangle, inner sleeve is processed by wrought aluminium or high-strength graphite, circular mold internal diameter size is 60mm ~ 820mm, height is 80mm ~ 250mm, rectangle mold is long is 100mm ~ 2000mm, wide 20mm ~ 600mm, and height is 80mm ~ 250mm; Described draw-casting machine (18) is that hydraulic pressure or leading screw or steel wire rope mode are drawn; Described dummy bar (17) is circular or rectangle, size 1.5mm ~ 3mm less of mold inner sleeve.

6. a magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation method is used in distortion, and it is characterized in that described method uses distortion magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation facilities as claimed in claim 1, described method comprises the steps:

The first step: cast magnesium alloy composition carries out weighing as required, raw material after weighing up are put into and is preheating to 200 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C crucibles (10) and heats up, temperature controls at 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, after whole melting sources, carry out 20min ~ 50min stir refining, dust arrester is opened at smelting furnace fire door place placed mobile dust excluding hood (2) during refining, upper along putting sealing ring (5) and adding a cover bell at crucible (10) after after refining, melt temperature reaches 650 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, and with sealing fastening clamp apparatus by bell and crucible clamping;

Second step: sealing ring (5) is placed on upper reserved jack (15) position of inserting catheter (6) place of bell (9), then utilize heat pipe nonstorage calorifier (8) by catheter (6) one end being preheated to 650 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C from bell the jack (15) reserved insert, the other end of catheter (6) is put into mold (14) simultaneously, and regulate the position of catheter (6) in mold (14) with catheter arrangement for adjusting height (23), with sealing fastening clamp apparatus (3), catheter (6) and the upper patchhole (15) inserting catheter (6) of bell (9) are clamped afterwards,

3rd step: utilize draw-casting machine (18) elevating function to be stretched into by dummy bar (17) under mold (14) along 5mm ~ 20mm, dummy bar (17) being wiped clean, utilizing lifting shunting disk mechanism (20) to be placed on by shunting disk (19) in mold (14) afterwards and with catheter (6) to connecting;

4th step; Logical cooling water in mold is needed before cast, and preheating need be carried out to shunting disk (19), preheat temperature is 500 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, utilizes heat pipe nonstorage calorifier (8) that catheter (6) temperature is remained on 700 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C simultaneously;

5th step: after above-mentioned steps is ready to, utilize bell (9) upper pressurization appendix in stove, input dry air or argon gas, furnace pressure controls at 0.015 ~ 0.05MPa, enter after shunting disk (19) through catheter (6) after the pressurizing until the melt in crucible (10), the amount in mold is entered by catheter arrangement for adjusting height (23) and lifting shunting disk mechanism controls (20) melt, when enter the melt upper surface in mold distance mold under along 50mm ~ 200mm time, start draw-casting machine (18) traction dummy bar (17) to move downward, movement velocity controls at 15mm/min ~ 400mm/min,

6th step: when ingot casting reaches predetermined length, stops ventilation in crucible (10) to pressurize and then stops catheter (6) to drain in mold;

7th step: stop draw-casting machine (18) traction dummy bar (17), after in mold (14), melt is all frozen into ingot blank (16), cut off logical cooling water in mold (14), remove casting dolly, take out ingot casting, utilize draining pump (21) to be discharged through drainpipe (22) by the water in casting well, prepare next casting time.

7. magnesium alloy ingot blank preparation facilities is used in a distortion, it comprises dust arrester, smelting apparatus, sealing device, drainage set, shunting and flow control device, cast device, it is characterized in that: described dust arrester is made up of the cleaning shaft be connected on dust removal machine (1) and the portable dust excluding hood (2) that is arranged on smelting furnace fire door place; Described smelting apparatus comprises crucible for smelting (10) and body of heater (12); Described sealing device comprise there is pressurization appendix (4), catheter (6) inserts patchhole (15) in crucible and the bell (9) of suspension hook (25), the upper slotting catheter (6) of sealing ring (5), catheter (6) and bell (9) between crucible and bell patchhole (15) between sealing ring (7) and seal fastening clamp apparatus (3); Described drainage set comprises catheter (6), heat pipe nonstorage calorifier (8), catheter external heat preserving device (11) and catheter arrangement for adjusting height (23); Described shunting and flow control device comprise the shunting disk (19) and lifting shunting disk mechanism (20) with stopper (26); Described cast device comprises mold (14), draw-casting machine (18), dummy bar (17), has to the casting dolly (13) of mold water supply function, is placed on draining pump (21) in casting well (24) and drainpipe (22); It is characterized in that the using method of described preparation facilities is:

The first step: cast magnesium alloy composition carries out weighing as required, raw material after weighing up are put into and is preheating to 200 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C crucibles (10) and heats up, temperature controls at 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, after whole melting sources, carry out 20min ~ 50min stir refining, dust arrester is opened at smelting furnace fire door place placed mobile dust excluding hood (2) during refining, upper along putting sealing ring (5) and adding a cover bell at crucible (10) after after refining, melt temperature reaches 650 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, and with sealing fastening clamp apparatus by bell and crucible clamping;

Second step: sealing ring (5) is placed on upper reserved jack (15) position of inserting catheter (6) place of bell (9), then utilize heat pipe nonstorage calorifier (8) by catheter (6) one end being preheated to 650 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C from bell the jack (15) reserved insert, the other end of catheter (6) is put into mold (14) simultaneously, and regulate the position of catheter (6) in mold (14) with catheter arrangement for adjusting height (23), with sealing fastening clamp apparatus (3), catheter (6) and the upper patchhole (15) inserting catheter (6) of bell (9) are clamped afterwards,

3rd step: utilize draw-casting machine (18) elevating function to be stretched into by dummy bar (17) under mold (14) along 5mm ~ 20mm, dummy bar (17) being wiped clean, utilizing lifting shunting disk mechanism (20) to be placed on by shunting disk (19) in mold (14) afterwards and with catheter (6) to connecting;

4th step; Logical cooling water in mold is needed before cast, and preheating need be carried out to shunting disk (19), preheat temperature is 500 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, utilizes heat pipe nonstorage calorifier (8) that catheter (6) temperature is remained on 700 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C simultaneously;

5th step: after above-mentioned steps is ready to, utilize bell (9) upper pressurization appendix in stove, input dry air or argon gas, furnace pressure controls at 0.015 ~ 0.05MPa, enter after shunting disk (19) through catheter (6) after the pressurizing until the melt in crucible (10), entered by catheter arrangement for adjusting height (23) and lifting shunting disk mechanism controls (20) melt

Enter the amount in mold, when enter the melt upper surface in mold distance mold under along 50mm ~ 200mm time, start draw-casting machine (18) traction dummy bar (17) move downward, movement velocity controls at 15mm/min ~ 400mm/min;

6th step: when ingot casting reaches predetermined length, stops ventilation in crucible (10) to pressurize and then stops catheter (6) to drain in mold;

7th step: stop draw-casting machine (18) traction dummy bar (17), after in mold (14), melt is all frozen into ingot blank (16), cut off logical cooling water in mold (14), remove casting dolly, take out ingot casting, utilize draining pump (21) to be discharged through drainpipe (22) by the water in casting well, prepare next casting time.