CN104373146A - Constant-resistance anchor rod tray - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a constant-resistance anchor rod tray. The constant-resistance anchor rod tray comprises a shell, a piston body and a sidewall protection disc. The sidewall protection disc is fixedly installed on the shell in a sleeving and welded mode. The piston body is installed closely attached to the inner wall of the shell, the piston body and the shell form a closed cavity, a pressure-limiting one-way valve is installed on one side of the cavity and located on the outer wall of the shell, and a center axial hole is formed in the middle of the piston body. One end of an anchor rod penetrates through the center axial hole of the piston body to be fixed to a tunnel wall, and the other end of the anchor rod is closely attached to an anchor rod nut which is arranged on the anchor rod in a sleeving mode. According to the constant-resistance anchor rod tray, because a hydraulic device is adopted, and emulsified oil is injected into the cavity formed by the piston body and the shell so as to absorb and release elastic energy generated by large deformation of tunnel surrounding rock, it is guaranteed that the anchor rod tray is not damaged and can continue providing constant anchoring supporting force for the anchor rod, and the anchor rod still has a good supporting effect under large deformation of the surrounding rock.

Description

A constant resistance anchor tray

technical field

The invention relates to a constant resistance anchor tray.

Background technique

As an active support method, bolt support has good support effect, low support cost, can effectively improve the stability of roadway, and is beneficial to roadway maintenance. It has become the main support form of coal mine roadway in my country. At present, the main theories of bolt support are: suspension theory, composite arch theory, composite beam theory and horizontal stress theory. According to the theory of bolt support, the bolt parameters can be designed and optimized. However, due to the backward processing technology of anchor bolts in our country and the complex geological conditions in our country, the service life of anchor bolts is short, and the support strength of anchor bolts often does not meet the requirements.

Our country has carried out extensive and in-depth research on the support effect and support mechanism of bolts. The research shows that the anchor tray has an important influence on the support effect of the anchor. The anchor tray is an indispensable component for generating anchoring force. The anchor tray provides the supporting anchor force by squeezing the surrounding rock of the roadway, so that the surrounding rock of the roadway is in a three-way stress state, which can significantly improve the stress state of the surrounding rock of the roadway, especially the supporting anchor force is exerted immediately after the preload is applied to the bolt. function to restrict the deformation of the surrounding rock. During the deformation process of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the deformation of the surface rock will squeeze the anchor tray fastened on the surface of the surrounding rock of the roadway, causing the anchor tray to be deformed and destroyed, so that the anchor tray loses its support to the surrounding rock of the roadway The force will reduce the strength of the bolt support and even make the bolt support invalid. In the existing research on bolt support technology, more attention is often paid to the research on the bolt body, while the technical research on the bolt tray is very little. In the engineering site, the failure of the anchor caused by the damage of the anchor tray accounts for about 21% of the total failure of the anchor. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the research on the anchor tray.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a constant-resistance anchor tray with a simple structure and capable of continuously providing a constant anchoring force for the anchor.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is: a constant-resistance bolt tray, including a housing, a piston body and a side protection disc, the side protection disc is set on the housing and fixed by welding, and the piston body is tightly It is installed close to the inner wall of the housing and forms a closed cavity with the housing. One side of the cavity is located on the outer wall of the housing and a pressure-limiting check valve is installed. The middle part of the piston body has a central axis hole, and one end of the anchor rod The central axis hole passing through the piston body is fixed on the roadway wall, and the other end is close to the anchor nut which is sleeved on the anchor rod.

In the above-mentioned constant resistance anchor tray, the shell is cylindrical.

In the above constant resistance anchor tray, the outer diameter of the piston body is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the housing.

In the above-mentioned constant-resistance bolt tray, the side protection disc is in the shape of a ring, and the inner diameter of the side protection disc matches the outer diameter of the casing.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The constant resistance bolt tray adopts a hydraulic device, and injects emulsified oil into the cavity formed by the piston body and the shell to better absorb and release the elastic energy produced by the large deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, so as to ensure the bolt The tray is not damaged, so that it can continue to provide a constant anchor force for the anchor, so that the anchor still has a good supporting effect under the condition of large deformation of the surrounding rock;

2. The constant-resistance bolt tray device has a simple structure and is easy to construct. The construction and installation of the constant-resistance bolt tray can be completed under the conditions of the existing bolt drilling rigs in the mine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention when working.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , this embodiment includes a housing 1 , a piston body 2 , a pressure-limiting one-way valve 3 , a cavity 4 , an anchor rod 6 , an anchor rod nut 7 and an apron disc 8 .

The housing 1 is cylindrical, the side protection disc 8 is annular, the inner diameter of the side protection disc 8 matches the outer diameter of the case 1, the side protection disc 8 is set on the case 1 and fixed by welding ; The piston body 2 is installed close to the inner wall of the housing 1 and forms a closed cavity 4 with the housing 1. The outer diameter of the piston body 2 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the housing 1 to ensure the tightness of the cavity 4 , and in order to generate frictional resistance between the housing 1 and the piston body 2 to increase the support resistance provided by the constant resistance anchor tray; To the valve 3, the emulsified oil can be injected into the cavity 4 through the pressure-limiting one-way valve 3, and the emulsified oil will form a certain pressure on the inner wall of the cavity 4 after it is continuously injected into the cavity 4; the middle part of the piston body 2 has a In the central axis hole, one end of the anchor rod 6 passes through the central axis hole of the piston body 2 and is fixed on the roadway wall, and the other end is close to the anchor rod nut 7 which is sleeved on the anchor rod 6 .

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: before the construction, the coal electric drill is used to drill the tray drilling 5 on the surrounding rock wall of the roadway. Carry out anchor drilling construction, the front part of the anchor rod 6 passes through the central axis hole of the piston body 2 and fixes it on the roadway wall, tighten the anchor nut 7 at the tail of the anchor rod 6 rod body, one side of the constant resistance anchor rod tray withstands the tray drilling On the wall of the 5 hole, one side is close to the anchor nut 7 sleeved on the anchor rod 6, as shown in Figure 1; after the anchor nut 7 is tightened, the side protection disc 8 can play a good role in the rock around the constant resistance anchor tray. The supporting function of the surrounding rock prevents the overall collapse of the surrounding rock; as shown in Figure 3, as the stress of the roadway surrounding rock increases, the axial tension of the bolt 6 increases, driving the bolt nut 7 to move to the interior of the surrounding rock, and the constant The anchor rod tray forms an extrusion, pushing the piston body 2 forward. As the piston body 2 moves forward, the emulsified oil in the cavity 4 is squeezed, forming a strong hydraulic pressure in the cavity 4. When the emulsified oil in the cavity 4 When the hydraulic pressure exceeds the limit value of the upper limit pressure check valve 3 on the outer wall of the housing 1, the emulsified oil in the cavity 4 is discharged to a certain volume until the hydraulic pressure in the cavity 4 drops below the limit pressure value of the pressure limit check valve 3.

Claims (4)

1. a constant-resistance anchor rod pallet board, it is characterized in that: comprise housing, piston body and wall supporting disk, described wall supporting disk to be sleeved on housing and to be welded and fixed, described piston body is close to inner walls and is installed and form a closed cavity with housing, described cavity side is positioned on housing exterior walls and is provided with pressure-limiting check valve, the middle part of described piston body has central axis hole, and one end of anchor pole is fixed in wall through the central axis hole of piston body, and the other end is close to the anchor nut be enclosed within anchor pole.

2. constant-resistance anchor rod pallet board as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described housing is cylindric.

3. constant-resistance anchor rod pallet board as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the external diameter of described piston body is more bigger than the internal diameter of housing.

4. constant-resistance anchor rod pallet board as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: ringwise, the internal diameter of wall supporting disk and the external diameter of housing match described wall supporting disk.