CN1043434C - Metho for degumming silk fabrics and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a degumming method for silk fabrics and a device thereof. In the method, a degumming solution loaded into a degumming kier is heated to 120 to 130 DEG C, and the silk fabrics are soaked for 30 to 60 minutes for making degumming easy. The device comprises the degumming kier with a cover, and an input/discharge pipe with valves, wherein the kier is provided with a degumming chamber, a pair of heat exchange chambers, and two pairs of heat exchange pipes and steam bleeding pipes, wherein the top parts and the bottom parts of the heat change chambers are communicated with the degumming chamber. The steam bleeding pipes are provided with nozzles for bleeding steam upwardly. Each heat exchange chamber is provided with the pipes, and one pipe is arranged on the other pipe. The bottom part and the top part of the kier are communicated by a circulation pipe, and the circulation pipe is provided with a pump and a heat exchanger.

Description

The degumming device of silk fabrics

The present invention relates to a kind of device that silk fabrics is come unstuck that is used for.

Usually, silk fabrics all must be included in the silk gum of about 25% ratio in the silk with removal through the processing of coming unstuck, thereby can give the gloss and the good hand feeling of silk fabrics fineness, or makes dry self-balancing (non-ironing) of its silk fabrics and stamp become possibility.

During silk fabrics was before this come unstuck, they were to be immersed in the boiling water will use 6-10 hour at common pressure, and therefore, this method efficient is low, and in addition, because the required time of coming unstuck is long, its fabric tends to suffer damage, as fluffs and bending.The another one problem of this method is that energy and degumming agent consumption are big, and is therefore very uneconomical.

Purpose of the present invention addresses the above problem exactly, fundamentally shortens the required time of coming unstuck.

According to the present invention, it provides a kind of Degumming method that is used for silk fabrics, this method step comprises: heat and a kind ofly be contained in the solution that comes unstuck in the kier that comes unstuck to 120-130 ℃, and soaked silk fabrics 30-60 minute in the solution that comes unstuck, to be used for carrying out coming unstuck of silk fabrics.

Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of device that silk fabrics is come unstuck that is used for, and it comprises a kier that comes unstuck with lid; An input/discharge pipe, this pipe have an input/dump valve, and this valve is used for opening and closing pipeline; The kier that comes unstuck has come unstuck a chamber and an a pair of heat-exchanging chamber, and the top and the bottom of its heat-exchanging chamber are communicated in the chamber of coming unstuck; The two pairs of heat-exchange tubes and steam discharge pipe, its steam discharge pipe has some and is used for the upwards nozzle of discharged steam, every pair of pipes places the form on another to be provided with one in heat-exchanging chamber separately, a circulation pipe, the top of kier body and bottom are interconnected by this circulation pipe, and a pump and a heat exchanger are arranged on the circulation pipe.

As mentioned above, utilize according to Degumming method of the present invention, silk fabrics can be come unstuck in the very short time, because usually time is short, thereby makes silk fabrics suitably reduce infringement.

Utilize degumming device of the present invention, the Steam Heating that the solution that comes unstuck is provided to the steam in the heat-exchange tube and is discharged by the nozzle of steam discharge pipe.Steam by nozzle discharge also plays to produce convective motion in the solution that comes unstuck.Therefore, the solution that comes unstuck just can be heated to predetermined temperature during very short.

Because silk fabrics has utilized the convection current of the solution that comes unstuck to come unstuck, thereby its fabric can come unstuck on whole area equably.

In addition, after coming unstuck, the solution that comes unstuck is provided in the circulation pipe, the solution that comes unstuck in the circulation pipe is cooled by the heat exchanger that is arranged on the circulation pipe, like this, temperature and pressure in the kier can effectively reduce, and this just further makes might take out the silk fabrics of coming unstuck at short notice effectively, and does not damage silk fabrics.

Knit and close following description of drawings, further feature of the present invention and purpose will be clearer, wherein

Fig. 1 is the elevation cross-sectional view of the embodiment of degumming device according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side cutaway view of its identical embodiment.

(1) Degumming method:

It is well-known being soaked in that the silk gum that silk thread contained in the degumming bath is dissolved in along with the rising of water temperature in the water, in order to check the relation between the silk gum dissolving power and water temperature in degumming bath, silk thread is immersed in the degumming bath of filling the solution that comes unstuck that does not contain chemical analysis (being pure water), and kept 10-30 minute at 100-130 ℃, measure the slip of silk thread weight then, its measurement result is illustrated in the table 1.

Result of the test shows, the solution temperature that comes unstuck has very big influence to gauze weight slip, at solution temperature is 110 ° or when being lower than this temperature, silk gum is retained on the silk thread, yet when if temperature is 120 ℃ or a little higher than this temperature, the weight slip is increased to 24-25%, this is a normal level, even when solution temperature is increased to 130 ℃ or when higher, the weight slip does not then significantly increase, this just means that the desirable temperature of coming unstuck is between 120-130 ℃.

On the other hand, usually time needs 20 minutes or longer, if but usually time is shorter than 30 minutes, uneven coming unstuck might be arranged, yet if usually time is oversize, silk thread begins to dissolve, and therefore, usually time will be between 30-60 minute.

By soaking silk thread in the pure water that keeps high temperature, the silk gum on silk thread can dissolve effectively, does not need to increase some chemicalss.But,,, can add some common chemicalss, as soap and surfactant in order to remove any grease and the oil of silk fabrics fully in order to increase the whiteness of silk fabrics.

For example, can add soap 2g/l, bisulfites 1g/l, anion or non-ionic surface active agent 1g/l.

Soap and surfactant because they have higher detergence(-cy), therefore can be used to remove grease and oils, and with this whiteness of improving the feel of fabric and improving fabric.Bisulfites is used for increasing the whiteness of fabric.

What relate to so, now is the quality of degumed silk fabric.High-temperature comes unstuck for the silk fabrics of coming unstuck that powerful twisting weft yarn is arranged, and as crepe, is very effective.This be because, in a common Degumming method, the solution that comes unstuck can not penetrate in the powerful twisted lines fully so that the silk gum in these lines is only with the dissolving of very slow speed, this has just caused weight slips different between warp thread and the weft yarn.In order to increase the weight slip of weft yarn, if increase usually time, not only will make warp thread cause damaging, and they also will excessively come unstuck, this will be difficult to fabric is dyeed equably, and the feel of fabric is also relatively poor.

Just do not have these problems yet high-temperature comes unstuck, in other words, it is very little that the weight slip difference between weft yarn and the warp thread keeps, and fabric exempts from infringement.Crepe can come unstuck under a desirable condition.

In fact except weft yarn and warp thread can come unstuck equably, silk gum was retained on the silk thread hardly after coming unstuck, and fibroin exempts from infringement.Like this, fabric can dye admirably, and the fabric of this dyeing is color and luster method many than the fabric color distinctness that obtains with commonsense method.Deep color also can obtain.

Table 2 has been represented the comparison of high-temperature Degumming method and typical common Degumming method according to the present invention,

(2) degumming device:

As shown in the figure, the kier 1 that comes unstuck comprises a kier body 2 and a lid 3.By closing cap 3, kier body 2 is sealed.

An input/delivery pipe 4 is connected in the top of kier 1.By an input/drain valve 5 input/delivery pipe 4 is opened and closed.

A pair of dividing plate 6 is arranged on the both sides of kier 2, and from the predetermined distance of side plate maintenance of kier body 2, dividing plate 6 is divided into come unstuck a chamber 7 and an a pair of heat-exchanging chamber 8 to kier body 2 inside, and each heat-exchanging chamber 8 is connected with the chamber 7 of coming unstuck at its peripheral part.

In each heat-exchanging chamber 8, be provided with the heat-exchange tube 9 and the steam discharge pipe 10 of bending, heat-exchange tube 9 is on steam discharge pipe 10, be loaded on coming unstuck during solution in the kier body 2 in heating, in heat-exchange tube 9, provide steam, when the solution that comes unstuck was heated on the predetermined temperature, logical cooling water came unstuck solution to predetermined temperature with cooling in pipe 9.Form some nozzles 11 on steam discharge pipe 10, the steam that is provided to 10 li of pipes is by upwards discharging of nozzle 11.

An excretory duct 12 is connected in the bottom of kier body 2, and a cooling water supply pipe 13 is arranged on kier body 2 tops, and the bottom of pipe 13 and kier body 12 links together by a circulation pipe 4.

Pump 15 and heat exchanger 16 follow endless tube 14 and are provided with.

Heat exchanger 16 has a cooling water pipe 19, in circulation pipe 14 come unstuck solution by be provided to cooling water in the cooling water pipe 19 and carry out heat exchange and be cooled.

Must place in the kier body 2 through the silk fabrics of handling 17 of coming unstuck, be suspended on the shelf 18, when silk fabrics 17 was come unstuck, after the solution that comes unstuck was loaded into kier body 2, closing cap 3 was closely to seal kier inside.In this state, steam is provided to heat-exchange tube 9 and steam discharge pipe 10.

Because steam is provided in the heat-exchange tube 9, the temperature of pipe 9 raises, and by utilizing the heat exchange of heat-exchange tube 9, the solution that comes unstuck is heated.

On the other hand, the steam that is provided in the delivery pipe 10 is gone out by nozzle discharge, has directly heated the solution that comes unstuck.Steam by nozzle 11 dischargings is used for forming the convection current of solution of coming unstuck, thereby the solution that comes unstuck can be heated very effectively.

The temperature of solution of coming unstuck remains on 120-130 ℃ comes silk fabrics is come unstuck, because the solution that comes unstuck all is in convective motion all the time, so fabric is to come unstuck equably.

After silk fabrics was come unstuck 30-60 minute, stop to provide steam, reduce the pressure in the kier body 2, and take out silk fabrics 17.In order to discharge and to reduce pressure, if open input/drain valve 5, then the pressure in the kier body will promptly descend, and the solution that consequently comes unstuck will evaporate at once, cause the rapid whereabouts of liquid level of solution like this.Thereby silk fabrics 17 will be floated on the surface of solution of coming unstuck, and the residue that comes unstuck that drifts about on the solution surface of coming unstuck will adhere on the fabric.

Because of sample, because the pressure in the kier 2 sharply descends, when fabric floated on liquid level, fabric can be bent.

Therefore, when the pressure in the minimizing kier body 2, by starting pump 15 solution that comes unstuck in the kier body 2 is delivered to 14 li of circulation pipes, the solution that comes unstuck cools off by the heat exchanger 16 that is arranged on the circulation pipe 14, and chilled like this solution turns back to 2 li of kier bodies by cooling water supply pipe 13.

When the solution cooling of coming unstuck drops to predetermined temperature, open input/drain valve 5 gradually, with the pressure in the further minimizing kier body 2.When the pressure in the kier body 2 is reduced to a predetermined value, opens and cover 3, to take out silk fabrics 17.

Table 1

Temperature (℃)	Time (min)	Weight slip (%)	Temperature (℃)	Time (min)	Weight slip (%)
						100	10	7.49	120	10	23.56
20	7.44	20	24.23
				30	7.87		30	24.92
110	10	17.42	130							10	24.75
				20	19.41	20	24.71
	30	20.41						30	24.03

Silk thread ... 4 24 dawn lines (double twisting)

Soak ... bath raio rate 1: 30

Table 2

The method condition	Common Degumming method	According to high temperature degumming method of the present invention
			Slightly come unstuck	Liquid after the use of mainly coming unstuck.100 ℃ of bath raioes 1: 30 2 hours	Do not have
Main coming unstuck	1: 30 concentrated medicine pin type textile soap of bath raio ... 6g/l sulfurous hydrohalogenic acid salt ... 18 ° of beryllium sodium metasilicate of 2g/l ... 4g/l Peletex TP ... 100 ℃ of 2g/l 3 hours	1: 30 concentrated medicine pin type textile soap of bath raio ... 2g/l sulfurous hydrohalogenic acid salt ... 1g/l Peletex TP ... 120 ℃ of 1g/l 40 minutes
			Use hot water wash	100 ℃ 1 hour	100 ℃ 30 minutes
Experimental result weight becomes few rate	25.1%	25.1%
			Weight slip (%) (warp thread)	28.4%	26.0%
Weight slip (%) (weft yarn) %)	21.8%	24.2%
			Whiteness	82.4%	82.9%
Powerful (warp thread)	58.8kg	63.3kg
			Powerful (weft yarn)	22.4kg	24.0kg
Ductility (warp thread)	27.6%	37.2%
			Ductility (weft yarn)	26.6%	33.4%

Annotate: the weight slip: after sample air dry, sample is placed in the thermostatic constant wet chamber, become up to numerical value constant, then by using following formula to obtain.

Whiteness: the whiteness index is to represent by the albedo on the wavelength of 465mm.

Ductility: sample (3mm * 10cm) measure with autoplotter Autograph S-100 (Shimadzu Seisakusho) at the draw speed of 150m/min.

Claims (1)

1. one kind is used for the device that silk fabrics is come unstuck, and comprises a kier that comes unstuck that lid is arranged, and an input/delivery pipe, this pipe have an input/drain valve.This valve is used for opening and closing described pipeline, it is characterized in that, the described kier that comes unstuck has come unstuck a chamber and an a pair of heat-exchanging chamber, the top of heat-exchanging chamber and bottom are connected with the described chamber of coming unstuck, the two pairs of heat-exchange tubes and steam discharge pipe, this steam discharge pipe has and is used for the upwards nozzle of discharged steam, every pair of pipes is that heat-exchange tube is placed on the steam discharge pipe and is provided with in described each heat-exchanging chamber, one circulation pipe, the bottom of kier body and top are connected by this circulation pipe, and a pump and a heat exchanger are arranged on the described circulation pipe.

Images