CN104335928B - A kind of method of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed - Google Patents
A kind of method of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104335928B CN104335928B CN201310316557.1A CN201310316557A CN104335928B CN 104335928 B CN104335928 B CN 104335928B CN 201310316557 A CN201310316557 A CN 201310316557A CN 104335928 B CN104335928 B CN 104335928B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed; belong to fishery science applied technical field; it is characterized in that the natural ecological environment condition based on swamp eel breeding; by arrange the breeding net cage of Ecology, to breeding parent cultivate in advance and overwinter management, control breeding parent's specification and female, male ratio and Ecology condition under the technical measures such as breeding and hatching of swamp eel; improve the reproductive performance of swamp eel, for swamp eel large-scale cultivation provides in enormous quantities, high-quality swamp eel prelarva seed. Apply method of the present invention, the breeding potential of swamp eel can reach 80%～90%, and the incubation rate of natural spawning fertilization can reach more than 98%, and prelarva seed collection rate can reach more than 95%, has extraordinary application prospect on the biological control of swamp eel seed.
Description
Technical field:
A kind of method that the present invention relates to artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed, belongs to fishery science application technologyField.
Background technology:
Swamp eel (Monopterusalbus) cultivation is very rapid at China's developed recently, and cultivation producing regionSpread all over the country, in Hubei of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, the province such as Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, swamp eel becomesFor its important breed variety.
But develop rapidly in process in culture of swamp eel industry, seed has become the bottleneck of its development, needs peopleWork is bred in batches and is produced swamp eel seed. And swamp eel is because its reproductive biology is special, carries out seed breeding and adoptUnworkable on producing by the method for the artificial induced spawning of large fish, need to find a kind of can suitable swamp eel breedingThe method of biological characteristics is carried out breeding of swamp eel seed, to meet culture of swamp eel scale and industrializationTo the requirement of seed.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial bionic state breedingThe method of swamp eel seed, can provide in enormous quantities, high-quality swamp eel prelarva seed, supports to meet scaleGrow the requirement of swamp eel to seedling.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by following technical solution.
The method of a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1) parent's selection and cultivation:
1. parent's selection: breeding with swamp eel parent select artificial propagation acquisition 2 age individuality, kind isThe macula lutea eel of yellow, surface spot sparse distribution;
2. parent's cultivation:
Parent's cultivation is divided into 3 stages;
First stage is 7～November then, and the breeding method in this stage is: adopt pond net box trainingEducate, parent's breeding density is 2～5kg/m2, feed adopts the mixture of animal feed and mixed feed;The ratio of animal feed and mixed feed is 4～5:1, and animal feed is selected water earthworm, earthworm or silver carp fishMeat; Day feeding volume is 8%～10% of swamp eel body weight; When to mid-November, water temperature drops to below 15 DEG C,Stop the throwing something and feeding of parent, and be allowed to condition at overwintering in pond net box;
Second stage is after surviving the winter, to proceed to Ecology to swamp eel parent to breed the stage before pond; The training in this stageEducating method is: swamp eel survives the winter when Second Year early April water temperature rises and be stabilized to more than 15 DEG C, recoversThrow something and feed, the feed of throwing something and feeding is used animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed day feeding volume be swamp eel3%～5% of body weight; Proceed to Ecology breeding pond in preparation stops throwing something and feeding for first 7 days;
Phase III is the stage of swamp eel parent from pond net box proceeds to Ecology breeding pond net cage; These rankThe breeding method of section is: proceed to the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond rearing net cage until swamp eel parentTwo days, start the feed of throwing something and feeding, feed is still used animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed dayFeeding volume is 8%～10% of swamp eel body weight, until after the swamp eel parent egg-laying season finishes, stop throwing something and feeding;
(2) selection and the preparation in Ecology breeding pond: low-lying rice field or pond are selected in swamp eel Ecology breeding pondThe pool, the soil property in breeding pond is loam, water-tight, water retention property is good, abundant water, and irrigation and drainage are convenient,Pollution-free, surrounding environment peace and quiet; Before embedding breeding net cage, carry out overall leveling to breeding pond, withGuarantee to breed water level after net cage is imbedded at the bottom of pond consistent;
(3) design and the layout of breeding net cage: the net cage area of breeding use is 1.5m2, high 80cm;Form with mesh 20 object Polyethylene netting processing and fabricatings; Net cage is embedded in Ecology breeding pond, every 667m2Area can be buried net cage 400-410 underground; Net cage inner bottom part is embedded in mud, and mud is 25cm deeply, the pond depth of waterBe 5～8cm, in net cage, float and plant Eichhornia crassipes, be commonly called as water hyacinth, imitative its natural ecological environment; Eichhornia crassipesArea accounts for 1/2 of net cage inner area, perches and lays eggs for yellow eel;
(4) parent's input and male and female collocation: parent's release time is annual 20～May of AprilBetween 10 days, water temperature is more than 22 DEG C, and fine day is thrown in; The body length of dam's eel individuality be 20～30cm,Body weight is 75～100g; The body length of male close eel individuality is that 40～50cm, body weight are 100～150g;At 1.5m2Net cage in can put the male eel of the female eel of 2～4 tail and 2～3 tails in a suitable place to breed;
(5) the laying eggs and hatch of swamp eel: annual late May, enter yellow eel breeding season, close eel is openedBegin to tell foam and nest, the last nesting 2～3 days, yellow eel started to carry out natural spawning fertilization, can in nest, seeYellow eel ovum; In yellow eel reproductive process, not artificial disturbance swamp eel, otherwise swamp eel can swallow ovum in mouth;Embryonated egg adopts the mode of naturally hatching in breeding net cage to hatch, if incubating oosperm leaves fish nest,Its incubation rate is very low;
(6) collection of swamp eel seedling: in the time of 28 DEG C～30 DEG C of water temperatures, after swamp eel is nested 7～10 days, eelSeedling can hatch, and now yolk bag does not also disappear, and eel seedling can agglomeratingly be attached on the coring of Eichhornia crassipes,Collect in time eel seedling, eel seedling is separated with close eel.
Compared with prior art, the breeding potential of swamp eel can reach 80%～90%, natural spawning fertilization in the present inventionIncubation rate can reach more than 98%, prelarva seed collection rate can reach more than 95%, can provide in enormous quantities, highThe swamp eel prelarva seed of quality, to meet the requirement of large-scale cultivation swamp eel to seedling, has extraordinaryApplication prospect.
Detailed description of the invention:
Implementing the present invention, take Jianghan Plain as example, can carry out according to the following steps:
(1) parent's selection and cultivation:
1. parent's selection: breeding with swamp eel parent select artificial propagation acquisition 2 age individuality, kind isMacula lutea eel yellow, surface spot sparse distribution is advisable;
2. parent's cultivation:
Be divided into 3 stages as the stock parent culture of Ecology;
First stage is 7～November then, and the breeding method in this stage is: adopt pond net box trainingEducate, parent's breeding density is 2～5kg/m2, feed adopts the mixture of animal feed and mixed feed;The ratio of animal feed weight in wet base and mixed feed dry weight is 4～5:1, and animal feed is selected water earthworm, earthwormOr the silver carp flesh of fish; Day feeding volume is 8%～10% of swamp eel body weight; To mid-November water temperature drop to 15 DEG CWhen following, stop the throwing something and feeding of parent, and be allowed to condition at overwintering in pond net box;
Described mixed feed is swamp eel special compound feed, is had by sea, large feed Guangdong, sea large group shareLimit company produces, and main component comprises fish meal, flour, corn, composite microbial element, mineral matter etc., itsProtein content is 38%～40%.
Second stage is after surviving the winter, to proceed to Ecology to swamp eel parent to breed the stage before pond; The training in this stageEducating method is: swamp eel survives the winter when Second Year early April water temperature rises and be stabilized to more than 15 DEG C, recoversThrow something and feed, the feed of throwing something and feeding is used animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed day feeding volume be swamp eel3%～5% of body weight; Proceed to Ecology breeding pond in preparation stops throwing something and feeding for first 7 days;
Phase III is the stage of swamp eel parent from pond net box proceeds to Ecology breeding pond net cage; These rankThe breeding method of section is: proceed to the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond rearing net cage until swamp eel parentTwo days, start the feed of throwing something and feeding, feed is still used animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed dayFeeding volume is 8%～10% of swamp eel body weight, until after the swamp eel parent egg-laying season finishes, stop throwing something and feeding;
(2) selection and the preparation in Ecology breeding pond: low-lying rice field or pond are selected in swamp eel Ecology breeding pondThe pool, the soil property in breeding pond is loam, water-tight, water retention property is good, abundant water, and irrigation and drainage are convenient,Pollution-free, surrounding environment peace and quiet; Before embedding breeding net cage, carry out overall leveling to breeding pond, withGuarantee to breed water level after net cage is imbedded at the bottom of pond consistent;
(3) design and the layout of breeding net cage: the net cage area of breeding use is 1.5m2, high 80cm;Form with mesh 20 object Polyethylene netting processing and fabricatings; Net cage is embedded in Ecology breeding pond, every 667m2Area can be buried net cage 400-410 underground; Net cage inner bottom part is embedded in mud, and mud is 25cm deeply, the pond depth of waterBe 5～8cm, in net cage, float and plant Eichhornia crassipes, be commonly called as water hyacinth, imitative its natural ecological environment; Eichhornia crassipesArea accounts for 1/2 of net cage inner area, perches and lays eggs for yellow eel;
(4) parent's input and male and female collocation: parent's release time, in In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, shouldBe chosen between annual 20～May 10 April, water temperature, more than 22 DEG C, selects sunny weather to throwPut; The body length of dam's eel individuality is that 20～30cm, body weight are 75～100g; The body of male close eel individuality is longBe that 40～50cm, body weight are 100～150g; At 1.5m2Net cage in can put in a suitable place to breed the female eel of 2～4 tail andThe male eel of 2～3 tails;
(5) the laying eggs and hatch of swamp eel: annual late May, enter yellow eel breeding season, close eel is openedBegin to tell foam and nest, the last nesting 2～3 days, yellow eel started to carry out natural spawning fertilization, can in nest, seeYellow eel ovum; In yellow eel reproductive process, ensure that fertilization and environment of hatching are not subject to artificial disturbance, otherwise swamp eelOvum can be swallowed in mouth; Embryonated egg adopts the mode of naturally hatching in breeding net cage to hatch, fertilizationIf fish nest is left in ovum hatching, its incubation rate is very low;
(6) collection of swamp eel seedling: in the time of 28 DEG C～30 DEG C of water temperatures, after swamp eel is nested 7～10 days, eelSeedling can hatch, and now yolk bag does not also disappear, and eel seedling can agglomeratingly be attached on the coring of Eichhornia crassipes,Start to collect swamp eel seedling, eel seedling is separated with close eel; The collection period of swamp eel seedling is: swamp eel growsBefore putting down swimming to yolk seedling to swamp eel seedling in water. At this moment in section by Eichhornia crassipes and be attached to Eichhornia crassipesSwamp eel seedling on coring shifts out breeding net cage in the lump fast, is positioned in seed collecting box, carries out later stage trainingEducate.
Claims (4)
1. a method for artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) parent's selection and cultivation:
1. parent's selection: breeding with swamp eel parent select artificial propagation acquisition 2 age individuality;
2. parent's cultivation:
Parent's cultivation is divided into 3 stages;
First stage is 7～November then, and the breeding method in this stage is: adopt pond net box trainingEducate, parent's breeding density is 2～5kg/m2, feed adopts the mixture of animal feed and mixed feed;The ratio of animal feed and mixed feed is 4～5:1, and animal feed is selected water earthworm, earthworm or silver carp fishMeat; Day feeding volume is 8%～10% of swamp eel body weight; When to mid-November, water temperature drops to below 15 DEG C,Stop the throwing something and feeding of parent, and be allowed to condition at overwintering in pond net box;
Second stage is after surviving the winter, to proceed to Ecology to swamp eel parent to breed the stage before pond; The training in this stageEducating method is: swamp eel survives the winter when Second Year early April water temperature rises and be stabilized to more than 15 DEG C, recoversThrow something and feed, the feed of throwing something and feeding is used animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed day feeding volume be swamp eel3%～5% of body weight; Proceed to Ecology breeding pond in preparation stops throwing something and feeding for first 7 days;
Phase III is the stage of swamp eel parent from pond net box proceeds to Ecology breeding pond net cage; These rankThe breeding method of section is: proceed to the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond rearing net cage until swamp eel parentTwo days, start the feed of throwing something and feeding, feed is still used animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed dayFeeding volume is 8%～10% of swamp eel body weight, until after the swamp eel parent egg-laying season finishes, stop throwing something and feeding;
(2) selection and the preparation in Ecology breeding pond: low-lying rice field or pond are selected in swamp eel Ecology breeding pondThe pool, the soil property in breeding pond is loam, water-tight, water retention property is good, abundant water, and irrigation and drainage are convenient,Pollution-free, surrounding environment peace and quiet; Before embedding breeding net cage, carry out overall leveling to breeding pond, withGuarantee to breed water level after net cage is imbedded at the bottom of pond consistent;
(3) design and the layout of breeding net cage: the net cage area of breeding use is 1.5m2, high 80cm;Form with mesh 20 object Polyethylene netting processing and fabricatings; Net cage is embedded in Ecology breeding pond, every 667m2Area can be buried net cage 400-410 underground; Net cage inner bottom part is embedded in mud, and mud is 25cm deeply, the pond depth of waterBe 5～8cm, the floating Eichhornia crassipes of planting in net cage, imitative its natural ecological environment;
(4) parent's input and male and female collocation: parent's release time is annual 20～May of AprilBetween 10 days, water temperature is more than 22 DEG C, and fine day is thrown in; The body length of dam's eel individuality be 20～30cm,Body weight is 75～100g; The body length of male close eel individuality is that 40～50cm, body weight are 100～150g;At 1.5m2Net cage in can put the male eel of the female eel of 2～4 tail and 2～3 tails in a suitable place to breed;
(5) the laying eggs and hatch of swamp eel: annual late May, enter yellow eel breeding season, close eel is openedBegin to tell foam and nest, the last nesting 2～3 days, yellow eel started to carry out natural spawning fertilization, can in nest, seeYellow eel ovum; In yellow eel reproductive process, not artificial disturbance swamp eel, embryonated egg adopts in breeding net cageNaturally the mode of hatching is hatched;
(6) collection of swamp eel seedling: in the time of 28 DEG C～30 DEG C of water temperatures, after swamp eel is nested 7～10 days, eelSeedling can hatch, and now yolk bag does not also disappear, and eel seedling can agglomeratingly be attached on the coring of Eichhornia crassipes,Collect in time eel seedling, eel seedling is separated with close eel.
2. the method for a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed according to claim 1, its featureBe breeding with swamp eel parent select artificial propagation obtain 2 age individuality, kind be yellow, surface spotThe macula lutea eel of some sparse distribution.
3. the method for a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed according to claim 1, its featureBe that described mixed feed is swamp eel special compound feed, had by sea, large feed Guangdong, sea large group shareLimit company produces, and main component comprises fish meal, flour, corn, composite microbial element, mineral matter, its eggWhite matter content is 38%～40%.
4. the method for a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed according to claim 1, its featureBe to float and plant Eichhornia crassipes in net cage, the area of Eichhornia crassipes accounts for 1/2 of net cage inner area, perches and produces for yellow eelOvum is used.
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| CN104756906A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-08 | 重庆市涪陵区水洞口养鱼股份合作社 | Method for breeding rice field eel fry |
| CN104798704B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-09-22 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of large-scale artificial hatching method of swamp eel embryonated egg |
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| CN106359191A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 苏州善道农业科技有限公司 | Soilless propagation method of monopterus albus Zuiew |
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| CN108112509A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-05 | 仙桃市洪渊泽水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method that there is native Ecology breeding swamp eel seedling in rice field |
| CN109042399B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-09-28 | 长江大学 | In-situ cultivation method for finless eel fries |
| CN109006589A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-18 | 长江大学 | It is a kind of manually to raise and train the device and method for cultivating wild eel seedling in advance |
| CN109197697A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 王欣 | A kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry |
| CN110731279B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-12-28 | 长江大学 | Method for improving spawning rate of artificial bionic breeding ricefield eels in greenhouse |
| CN110692553A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-17 | 长江大学 | Intraspecific hybridization breeding method for improving growth speed of finless eels |
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Inventor after: Yang Daiqin Inventor after: Tian Guangming Inventor after: Ruan Guoliang Inventor after: Yuan Hanwen Inventor after: Su Yingbing Inventor after: Chen Fang Inventor after: Yang Xiaolin Inventor before: Yang Daiqin Inventor before: Ruan Guoliang Inventor before: Yuan Hanwen Inventor before: Su Yingbing Inventor before: Chen Fang Inventor before: Yang Xiaolin |
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Granted publication date: 20160511 Termination date: 20190725 |