CN104323892B - People with disability stands and sits domestic purpose self-care car - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种残疾人站坐两用生活自理车，属于医学技术领域的专门适用于病人或残疾人的运输工具，是用于辅助残疾人生活自理的结构紧凑、尺寸小的电动车。The invention relates to a dual-purpose self-care car for the disabled, which belongs to the field of medical technology and is specially suitable for patients or disabled persons. It is an electric vehicle with a compact structure and small size for assisting the disabled to take care of themselves.
背景技术Background technique
残疾人尤其是下身截瘫人士由于其特殊身体原因，无法保持身体平衡和站立，活动主要靠轮椅，而生活中很多事情需要站立完成，坐在轮椅上不易完成，残疾人在床、轮椅、残疾车等常用生活设施之间移动不方便，如简单的上、下床或轮椅对于截瘫病人都不容易，洗脸、刷牙、烧饭、烧菜等对普通人来说很简单的活动一般都需要他人帮助或依靠一定的器具完成，生活上无法完全自理，另外轮椅尺寸往往比较大，很多狭小的地方无法通过，比如卫生间、超市的货架之间等，妨碍了残疾人进一步的活动空间，所以，一种结构紧凑、尺寸小，使残疾人能方便的实现在床、轮椅、残疾车等常用生活设施之间灵活、方便的移动，又能帮助残疾人保持站立状态进行一定生活自理的站坐两用电动车是解决上述问题的一种有效方法。Due to their special physical reasons, the disabled, especially those with lower body paraplegia, cannot maintain their balance and stand. They mainly rely on wheelchairs for activities. However, many things in life need to be done standing up, which is difficult to complete while sitting in a wheelchair. It is inconvenient to move among commonly used living facilities, such as simple getting on and off the bed or wheelchair is not easy for paraplegic patients, washing face, brushing teeth, cooking, cooking and other activities that are very simple for ordinary people generally require the help of others Or rely on certain equipment to complete, unable to take care of themselves completely in life. In addition, the size of wheelchairs is often relatively large, and many narrow places cannot pass through, such as bathrooms, between shelves in supermarkets, etc., hindering the further activity space of disabled people. Therefore, a wheelchair The compact structure and small size enable the disabled to move flexibly and conveniently among commonly used living facilities such as beds, wheelchairs, and disabled vehicles, and can also help the disabled to maintain a standing state for a certain amount of self-care. EMU is an effective way to solve the above problems.
现有技术主要有一种可站立电动轮椅，其缺点是：尺寸大，狭小的地方如卫生间等无法通行，结构复杂，残疾人完全靠绑带紧紧固定在背面支撑上，然后靠背面支撑翻转而站立，活动由于受绑带约束并不方便、灵活，同时长时间绑带紧紧固定会引起血脉不通畅，无法长时间处于站立位置，残疾人上、下床及电动轮椅均不方便，残疾人无法通过现有技术实现在床、轮椅、残疾车等常用生活设施之间灵活、方便的移动，实现生活的一定程度的自理。The prior art mainly contains a standing electric wheelchair. Its disadvantages are: large size, impassable in small and small places such as toilets, complex structure, and the disabled are completely fixed on the back support by straps, and then turned over by the back support. Standing and activities are inconvenient and flexible due to the constraints of the straps. At the same time, if the straps are tightly fixed for a long time, the blood vessels will not be smooth, and it will not be possible to stay in the standing position for a long time. It is inconvenient for the disabled to get on and off the bed and electric wheelchairs. It is impossible to realize flexible and convenient movement between common living facilities such as beds, wheelchairs, and disabled vehicles by existing technologies, so as to realize a certain degree of self-care in life.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术存在的上述不足，本发明提供一种结构紧凑、尺寸小，使残疾人能方便的实现在床、轮椅、残疾车等常用生活设施之间灵活、方便的移动，又能帮助残疾人保持站立状态进行一定生活自理、上、下车方便的残疾人站坐两用生活自理车。In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a compact structure, small size, so that the disabled can conveniently realize flexible and convenient movement between common living facilities such as beds, wheelchairs, and disabled vehicles, and can also help The handicapped can stand and take care of himself for a certain period of time, and it is convenient for the handicapped to stand and take care of himself on and off the bus.
本发明采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
残疾人站坐两用生活自理车，包括车架、与车架固定连接的遥控控制盒、安装在车架下部前端的驱动总成以及车架下部后端的万向轮，其特征在于：所述的车架上设置有前支撑架、坐凳总成、小腿支撑、安全带总成、胸部支撑以及位置保持架，所述的前支撑架安装在所述的车架的上部，所述的坐凳总成可升降的安装在所述的车架上；所述的小腿支撑安装在所述的车架上，且可前后移动；所述的安全带总成通过拉力弹簧与所述的车架连接；所述的胸部支撑安装在所述的前支撑架上，并可随所述的前支撑架上下运动，所述的胸部支撑可前后移动；所述的位置保持架安装在所述的前支撑架上。The dual-purpose self-care vehicle for the disabled standing and sitting includes a frame, a remote control box fixedly connected to the frame, a drive assembly installed at the front end of the lower part of the frame, and a universal wheel at the rear end of the lower part of the frame, and is characterized in that: The frame of the vehicle is provided with a front support frame, a stool assembly, a calf support, a safety belt assembly, a chest support and a position holder, the front support frame is installed on the upper part of the vehicle frame, and the seat The stool assembly can be lifted and installed on the vehicle frame; the calf support is installed on the vehicle frame and can move forward and backward; the safety belt assembly is connected to the vehicle frame through a tension spring connection; the chest support is installed on the front support frame, and can move up and down with the front support frame, and the chest support can move back and forth; the position holder is installed on the front on the support frame.
进一步，所述的前支撑架包括两根前支撑杆、支撑弹簧、中空的扶手管、升降电机、升降丝杆以及升降螺母，两根所述的前支撑杆分别安装在车架上端的前支撑孔中，所述的前支撑杆的底端由所述的支撑弹簧支撑，并且所述的前支撑杆的顶端与所述的扶手管固定联接，所述的升降螺母固定在两侧的前支撑杆之间，所述的升降丝杆套设于所述的升降螺母中且一端为自由端，另一端通过联轴器与所述的升降电机的一端联接，所述的升降电机的另一端固定于车架上。Further, the front support frame includes two front support rods, a support spring, a hollow handrail tube, a lifting motor, a lifting screw rod and a lifting nut, and the two front support rods are respectively installed on the front support frame at the upper end of the vehicle frame. In the hole, the bottom end of the front support rod is supported by the support spring, and the top end of the front support rod is fixedly connected with the handrail tube, and the lifting nut is fixed on the front support on both sides. Between the rods, the lifting screw rod is sleeved in the lifting nut and one end is a free end, the other end is connected with one end of the lifting motor through a coupling, and the other end of the lifting motor is fixed on the frame.
进一步，所述的坐凳总成包括电动推杆、坐凳支撑臂和坐凳，所述的电动推杆的一端联接于所述的车架，另一端联接所述的坐凳支撑臂的中部，所述的坐凳支撑臂的一端联接于车架，另一端的末端设置有所述的坐凳。所示的电动推杆也可采用电机、丝杆、丝杠螺母来实现。Further, the stool assembly includes an electric push rod, a stool support arm and a stool, one end of the electric push rod is connected to the vehicle frame, and the other end is connected to the middle part of the stool support arm , one end of the stool support arm is connected to the vehicle frame, and the end of the other end is provided with the stool. Shown electric push rod also can adopt motor, screw mandrel, leading screw nut to realize.
进一步，所述的小腿支撑包括支撑杆和与小腿前半部曲线相吻合的第一支撑板，所述的支撑杆的一端安装于车架的小腿支撑孔中，且所述的支撑杆可前后移动，所述的支撑杆的另一端设置有所述的第一支撑板。Further, the calf support includes a support rod and a first support plate matching the curve of the front half of the calf, one end of the support rod is installed in the calf support hole of the vehicle frame, and the support rod can move back and forth , the other end of the support rod is provided with the first support plate.
进一步，所述的安全带总成包括背部安全带、臀部安全带、安全绳、锁扣、滑轮以及拉力弹簧，所述的背部安全带、臀部安全带和安全绳的后端联接在一起，所述的安全绳的前端及中间部位分别设置有所述的锁扣，所述的安全绳穿过固设在前支撑杆上的滑轮且前端通过拉力弹簧和所述的车架相连。Further, the safety belt assembly includes a back safety belt, a hip safety belt, a safety rope, a lock buckle, a pulley and a tension spring, and the rear ends of the back safety belt, the hip safety belt and the safety rope are connected together, so that The front end and the middle part of the safety rope are respectively provided with the lock buckles, the safety rope passes through the pulley fixed on the front support rod and the front end is connected with the vehicle frame through a tension spring.
所述的臀部安全带可采用软性联接带，也可由两根软带联接中间一个硬坐板组成。The hip safety belt can be a soft connecting belt, or can be composed of two soft belts connected with a hard seat board in the middle.
进一步，所述的胸部支撑包括背部约束带、胸部支撑杆和与胸部前半部曲线相吻合的第二支撑板，所述的第二支撑板通过所述的胸部支撑杆安装于所述的前支撑架上，且所述的第二支撑板可前后移动,并可随所述的前支撑架上下运动，所述的第二支撑板的两侧设置有所述的背部约束带。Further, the chest support includes a back restraint belt, a chest support bar and a second support plate matching the curve of the front half of the chest, and the second support plate is installed on the front support through the chest support bar frame, and the second support plate can move back and forth, and can move up and down with the front support frame, the two sides of the second support plate are provided with the back restraint belt.
进一步，所述的位置保持架包括位置保持悬臂、联接轴、螺母、锁定钢球、支撑臂、背部保持架，所述的联接轴套设在所述的扶手管中且两端伸出所述的扶手管，所述的连接轴的两端分别通过所述的螺母与所述的位置保持悬臂铰接；所述的支撑臂的一端固定于所述的前支撑杆上，并且可随所述的前支撑架上下运动，另一端与所述的位置保持悬臂铰接，所述的支撑臂采用弹簧气撑结构或活塞杆套筒结构,所述的支撑臂的缸筒端固定于所述的前支撑杆上，并且可随所述的前支撑架上下运动，另一端活塞杆端与所述的位置保持悬臂铰接，活塞杆端可在缸筒端中相对移动，所述的背部保持架套接于所述的位置保持悬臂上，且可前后移动，所述的背部保持架上开设有一滑槽，所述的滑槽内设置有锁定螺丝；所述的位置保持悬臂、背部保持架与水平面之间的角度可随活塞杆端在缸筒端中的移动而变化(方便残疾人上下车，背部保持架套接于位置保持悬臂管上，可前后移动，并由锁定螺丝锁定位置，调节背部保持位置)；所述的支撑臂的一端连接在所述的背部保持架上，另一端与前支撑杆铰接。Further, the position holder includes a position maintaining cantilever, a coupling shaft, a nut, a locking steel ball, a support arm, and a back holder. The armrest tube, the two ends of the connecting shaft are hinged with the position by the nut respectively; one end of the support arm is fixed on the front support rod, and can follow the The front support frame moves up and down, and the other end is cantilevered with the above-mentioned position. The support arm adopts a spring air support structure or a piston rod sleeve structure, and the cylinder end of the support arm is fixed on the front support on the rod, and can move up and down with the front support frame, the other end of the piston rod end is hinged with the position of the cantilever, the piston rod end can move relatively in the cylinder end, and the back retainer is sleeved on the The position is kept on the cantilever, and can move back and forth. There is a chute on the back holder, and a locking screw is arranged in the chute; the position is kept between the cantilever, the back holder and the horizontal plane. The angle of the piston rod end can be changed with the movement of the piston rod end in the cylinder end (convenient for the disabled to get on and off the car, the back cage is sleeved on the position holding cantilever tube, which can move forward and backward, and the position is locked by the locking screw to adjust the back holding position ); one end of the support arm is connected to the back holder, and the other end is hinged with the front support rod.
进一步，所述的驱动总成包括电机、驱动轴、驱动轮、链轮、链条、刹车轮、刹车带，所述的驱动轮通过轴承安装在驱动轴的两端，所述的驱动轴通过轴支座固定在所述的车架的底部，所述的驱动轴上还套设有所述的链轮和刹车轮，所述的链轮及刹车轮通过螺丝和所述的驱动轮相固定，所述的链轮与所述的电机的输出轴之间设置有所述的链条；所述的刹车轮上套设有所述的刹车轮。Further, the drive assembly includes a motor, a drive shaft, a drive wheel, a sprocket, a chain, a brake wheel, and a brake band. The drive wheel is mounted on both ends of the drive shaft through bearings, and the drive shaft passes through the shaft The support is fixed on the bottom of the frame, and the drive shaft is also sleeved with the sprocket and the brake wheel, and the sprocket and the brake wheel are fixed to the drive wheel by screws. The chain is arranged between the sprocket and the output shaft of the motor; the brake wheel is sheathed on the brake wheel.
进一步，所述的车架后部设置有脚跟挡块。坐凳上升运动到坐姿位置时可由锁紧部件锁定位置，下降运动到车架后半部的脚跟挡块处时由限位开关限定下降极限位置，坐凳总成可使残疾人在坐姿时增加舒适感。Further, the rear part of the vehicle frame is provided with a heel stopper. When the stool moves up to the sitting position, the position can be locked by the locking part, and when it moves down to the heel stopper at the rear half of the frame, the limit position of the drop is limited by the limit switch. comfortability.
进一步，所述的联接轴和扶手管之间还设置有一中间管，所述的中间管套设在所述的联接轴上，且所述的中间轴的一端具有向内的凹槽，所述的联接轴的端部为T字形结构，T字形结构的两端的内侧分别通过弹簧与所述的凹槽内部的底端连接，所述的扶手管的管壁上开设有通孔，所述的中间管管壁上开设有与所述的通孔配合使用的圆形孔，所述的圆形孔内设置有锁定钢球，所述的连接轴的外壁上设置有一凹部，两侧所述的位置保持悬臂之间的距离由所述的锁定钢球调整。当外力作用在联接轴端部挤压弹簧或拉伸弹簧时，锁定钢球落到凹部中将联接轴锁定，当外力撤销弹簧在自身恢复力的作用下锁定钢球回复到初始位置，联接轴可旋转。Further, an intermediate pipe is also provided between the coupling shaft and the handrail pipe, the intermediate pipe is sleeved on the coupling shaft, and one end of the intermediate shaft has an inward groove, the The end of the connecting shaft is a T-shaped structure, and the inner sides of the two ends of the T-shaped structure are respectively connected to the bottom end of the groove inside through springs, and a through hole is opened on the tube wall of the handrail tube. The wall of the intermediate pipe is provided with a circular hole used in conjunction with the through hole, and a locking steel ball is provided in the circular hole, and a recess is provided on the outer wall of the connecting shaft. The distance between the position keeping cantilevers is adjusted by the locking steel balls. When the external force acts on the end of the coupling shaft to squeeze the spring or stretch the spring, the locking steel ball falls into the recess to lock the coupling shaft. When the external force is cancelled, the locking steel ball returns to the original position under the action of its own restoring force, and the coupling shaft Can be rotated.
进一步，所述的车架的宽度小于370mm，坐凳下降到极限位置时高度小于200mm，这是为了使自理车车架后部能运动至床或轮椅下方的空间，使车尽可能靠近床或轮椅，方便上、下车，同时还为了本车可以在狭小地方如卫生间、厨房等通行。Further, the width of the vehicle frame is less than 370mm, and the height of the seat stool is less than 200mm when it is lowered to the limit position. The wheelchair is convenient for getting on and off the car, and at the same time, the car can pass in narrow places such as bathrooms and kitchens.
本发明中，无坐凳总成时所述的脚跟挡块后部高度小于200mm。In the present invention, when there is no stool assembly, the height of the rear part of the heel stopper is less than 200mm.
残疾人使用本发明的几种情况如下：Several situations that the disabled use the present invention are as follows:
1)需要站立时首先松开胸部支撑板的锁定部件，双手抓紧位置保持悬臂，用力向下撑起身体，身体在拉力弹簧的拉力辅助下直立站起，升起前支撑架并锁定，重新固定锁紧胸部支撑板，调整锁扣位置使安全带总成拉紧，将位置保持架放至水平位置使保持保持悬臂位于腋下，依赖脚跟挡块、小腿支撑保持腿部处于直立、垂直状态，通过胸部支撑、安全带、位置保持架保持上半身处于直立状态；1) When you need to stand, first loosen the locking part of the chest support plate, grasp the position with both hands to maintain the cantilever, prop up the body with force, stand upright with the assistance of the tension spring, raise the front support frame and lock it, and then fix it again Lock the chest support plate, adjust the buckle position to tighten the seat belt assembly, put the position holder to the horizontal position to keep the cantilever at the armpit, rely on the heel block and calf support to keep the legs in an upright and vertical state, Keep the upper body in an upright position with chest supports, seat belts, and position holders;
2)需要坐姿时，先升起坐凳至合适位置锁紧，确认后松开胸部支撑板的锁定部件，降下前支撑架并锁定，双手抓紧位置保持悬臂，身体在拉力弹簧的拉力辅助下和手臂用力慢慢将臀部放至坐凳，若没有坐凳总成的情况下，则先将安全带总成的锁扣扣至坐姿时的合适位置，然后慢慢将身体放下至坐姿位置，重新固定锁紧胸部支撑板，调整安全带总成的锁扣位置使安全带拉紧，将位置保持架放至水平位置使位置保持悬臂位于腋下；2) When a sitting posture is required, first raise the stool to a suitable position and lock it, then release the locking part of the chest support plate after confirmation, lower the front support frame and lock it, grasp the position with both hands to maintain the cantilever, and the body is assisted by the tension spring and Use your arms to slowly put your buttocks onto the stool. If there is no stool assembly, first buckle the buckle of the seat belt assembly to the appropriate position in the sitting position, then slowly lower your body to the sitting position, and then re- Fix and lock the chest support plate, adjust the buckle position of the seat belt assembly to tighten the seat belt, and place the position holder to a horizontal position to keep the cantilever under the armpit;
3)上车时，先将坐凳下降至极限位置，通过遥控控制盒将车尽可能靠近床或轮椅，慢慢控制车的坐凳位于床或轮椅下部悬空空间，将位置保持悬臂活动一端上推，以不影响人上车为准，安全带总成的臀部安全带放至大腿下方，背部安全带在背部固定，然后将双脚放至车架踏板上，使脚后跟和脚跟挡块紧靠，调整小腿支撑使小腿成垂直状态，放下位置保持悬臂至水平位置，双手抓紧位置保持悬臂，然后按站立方式站起，下车的方法和上车及坐姿时方法类似。3) When getting on the car, first lower the seat to the limit position, and use the remote control box to bring the car as close to the bed or wheelchair as possible, and slowly control the seat of the car to be located in the suspended space under the bed or wheelchair, and keep the position on the movable end of the cantilever Push, as long as it does not affect people getting on the car, put the hip seat belt of the seat belt assembly under the thigh, fix the back seat belt on the back, and then put your feet on the frame pedal, so that the heel and the heel block are close , adjust the calf support to make the calf vertical, lower the position and keep the cantilever to a horizontal position, grasp the position with both hands to maintain the cantilever, and then stand up in a standing manner. The method of getting off the car is similar to that of getting on the car and sitting.
本发明的有益效果体现在：本发明是一种结构紧凑、尺寸小，使残疾人能方便的实现在床、轮椅、残疾车等常用生活设施之间灵活、方便的移动，又能帮助残疾人保持站立状态进行一定生活自理、上、下车方便的残疾人站坐两用生活自理车。本发明能够使残疾人独立地、方便地从床上或轮椅上直接站立到残疾人生活自理车上，又能方便地从车上坐回床上或轮椅上，同时又能坐于车上或站立在车上，控制车在狭小地方通行，当在车上站立时又能使残疾人独自进行刷牙、洗脸、上厕所、烧菜、购物等一些日常常见的活动，增加独自生活自理的能力，提高残疾人的生活质量。The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in: the present invention is a compact structure, small in size, which enables the handicapped to move flexibly and conveniently between common living facilities such as beds, wheelchairs, and handicapped cars, and can also help the handicapped Standing and self-care vehicles for certain self-care activities are carried out in a standing state, and it is convenient for the disabled to get on and off the vehicle. The invention enables the disabled to stand directly from the bed or the wheelchair directly to the self-care vehicle for the disabled independently and conveniently, and also can conveniently sit back on the bed or the wheelchair from the vehicle, and at the same time can sit on the vehicle or stand on the vehicle. On the car, control the car to pass in a narrow place. When standing on the car, the disabled can perform some daily common activities such as brushing teeth, washing face, going to the toilet, cooking, shopping, etc., increasing the ability of living alone and improving the ability of the disabled people's quality of life.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的外观图。Fig. 1 is the external view of the present invention.
图2是本发明的前支撑架及位置保持架结构图。Fig. 2 is a structural view of the front support frame and the position holder of the present invention.
图3是本发明的安全带总成的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the safety belt assembly of the present invention.
图4是本发明的坐凳总成结构图。Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the stool assembly of the present invention.
图5是本发明的驱动总成传动结构图。Fig. 5 is a transmission structure diagram of the drive assembly of the present invention.
图6是位置保持悬臂结构图。Fig. 6 is a structural view of the position maintaining cantilever.
图7是轮椅与残疾车位置关系示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the wheelchair and the disabled vehicle.
具体实施方式detailed description
参照图1至图7，残疾人站坐两用生活自理车，包括车架4、与车架4固定连接的遥控控制盒6、安装在车架4下部前端的驱动总成1以及车架4下部后端的万向轮10，所述的车架4上设置有前支撑架5、坐凳总成9、小腿支撑3、安全带总成8、胸部支撑15以及位置保持架7，所述的前支撑架5安装在所述的车架4的上部，所述的坐凳总成9可升降的安装在所述的车架4上；所述的小腿支撑3安装在所述的车架4上，且可前后移动；所述的安全带总成8通过拉力弹簧22与所述的车架4连接；所述的胸部支撑15安装在所述的前支撑架5上，并可随所述的前支撑架5上下运动，所述的胸部支撑15可前后移动；所述的位置保持架7安装在所述的前支撑架5上。Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the dual-purpose self-care vehicle for the disabled includes a vehicle frame 4, a remote control box 6 fixedly connected to the vehicle frame 4, a drive assembly 1 installed at the front end of the lower part of the vehicle frame 4, and the vehicle frame 4 The universal wheel 10 at the lower rear end, the vehicle frame 4 is provided with a front support frame 5, a stool assembly 9, a calf support 3, a safety belt assembly 8, a chest support 15 and a position holder 7, the described The front support frame 5 is installed on the top of the vehicle frame 4, and the seat bench assembly 9 is installed on the vehicle frame 4 in a liftable manner; the calf support 3 is installed on the vehicle frame 4 on, and can move forward and backward; the safety belt assembly 8 is connected with the vehicle frame 4 through the tension spring 22; the chest support 15 is installed on the front support frame 5, and can be The front support frame 5 moves up and down, and the chest support 15 can move back and forth; the position holder 7 is installed on the front support frame 5 .
进一步，所述的前支撑架5包括两根前支撑杆11、支撑弹簧、中空的扶手管17、升降电机21、升降丝杆18以及升降螺母19，两根所述的前支撑杆11分别安装在车架4上端的前支撑孔中，所述的前支撑杆11的底端由所述的支撑弹簧支撑，并且所述的前支撑杆11的顶端与所述的扶手管17固定联接，所述的升降螺母19固定在两侧的前支撑杆11之间，所述的升降丝杆18套设于所述的升降螺母19中且一端为自由端，另一端通过联轴器20与所述的升降电机21的一端联接，所述的升降电机21的另一端固定于车架4上。Further, the front support frame 5 includes two front support rods 11, a support spring, a hollow handrail tube 17, a lifting motor 21, a lifting screw mandrel 18 and a lifting nut 19, and the two front support rods 11 are respectively installed In the front support hole on the upper end of the vehicle frame 4, the bottom end of the front support rod 11 is supported by the support spring, and the top end of the front support rod 11 is fixedly connected with the handrail pipe 17, so The lifting nut 19 is fixed between the front support rods 11 on both sides, the lifting screw 18 is sleeved in the lifting nut 19 and one end is a free end, and the other end is connected to the said lifting nut 19 through a coupling 20. One end of the lifting motor 21 is connected, and the other end of the lifting motor 21 is fixed on the vehicle frame 4 .
进一步，所述的坐凳总成9包括电动推杆28、坐凳支撑臂30和坐凳29，所述的电动推杆的一端联接于所述的车架，另一端联接所述的坐凳支撑臂的中部，所述的坐凳支撑臂的一端联接于车架，另一端的末端设置有所述的坐凳。所示的电动推杆也可采用电机、丝杆、丝杠螺母来实现。Further, the stool assembly 9 includes an electric push rod 28, a stool support arm 30 and a stool 29, one end of the electric push rod is connected to the vehicle frame, and the other end is connected to the stool In the middle of the support arm, one end of the stool support arm is connected to the vehicle frame, and the end of the other end is provided with the stool. Shown electric push rod also can adopt motor, screw mandrel, leading screw nut to realize.
进一步，所述的小腿支撑3包括支撑杆和与小腿前半部曲线相吻合的第一支撑板，所述的支撑杆的一端安装于车架的小腿支撑孔中，且所述的支撑杆可前后移动，所述的支撑杆的另一端设置有所述的第一支撑板。Further, the calf support 3 includes a support rod and a first support plate matching the curve of the front half of the calf, one end of the support rod is installed in the calf support hole of the vehicle frame, and the support rod can be moved back and forth move, the other end of the support rod is provided with the first support plate.
进一步，所述的安全带总成8包括背部安全带26、臀部安全带27、安全绳23、锁扣25、滑轮24以及拉力弹簧22，所述的背部安全带、臀部安全带和安全绳的后端联接在一起，所述的安全绳的前端及中间部位分别设置有所述的锁扣，所述的安全绳穿过固设在前支撑杆上的滑轮且前端通过拉力弹簧和所述的车架相连。Further, the safety belt assembly 8 includes a back safety belt 26, a hip safety belt 27, a safety rope 23, a buckle 25, a pulley 24 and a tension spring 22, and the back safety belt, the hip safety belt and the safety rope The rear ends are connected together, the front end and the middle part of the safety rope are respectively provided with the lock buckle, the safety rope passes through the pulley fixed on the front support bar and the front end passes through the tension spring and the said safety rope. The frame is connected.
所述的臀部安全带27可采用软性联接带，也可由两根软带联接中间一个硬坐板组成。Described hip safety belt 27 can adopt soft connection belt, also can be made up of a hard seat board in the middle of two soft belt connections.
进一步，所述的胸部支撑15包括背部约束带、胸部支撑杆13和与胸部前半部曲线相吻合的第二支撑板，所述的第二支撑板通过所述的胸部支撑杆安装于所述的前支撑架上，且所述的第二支撑板可前后移动,并可随所述的前支撑架上下运动，所述的第二支撑板的两侧设置有所述的背部约束带。Further, the chest support 15 includes a back restraint belt, a chest support rod 13 and a second support plate matching the curve of the front half of the chest, and the second support plate is installed on the chest through the chest support rod. On the front support frame, and the second support plate can move back and forth, and can move up and down with the front support frame, the two sides of the second support plate are provided with the back restraint belt.
进一步，所述的位置保持架7包括位置保持悬臂16、联接轴40、螺母39、锁定钢球41、支撑臂12、背部保持架14，所述的联接轴40套设在所述的扶手管17中且两端伸出所述的扶手管，所述的连接轴的两端分别通过所述的螺母与所述的位置保持悬臂铰接；所述的支撑臂的一端固定于所述的前支撑杆上，并且可随所述的前支撑架上下运动，另一端与所述的位置保持悬臂铰接，所述的支撑臂采用弹簧气撑结构或活塞杆套筒结构,所述的支撑臂的缸筒端固定于所述的前支撑杆上，并且可随所述的前支撑架上下运动，另一端活塞杆端与所述的位置保持悬臂铰接，活塞杆端可在缸筒端中相对移动，所述的背部保持架套接于所述的位置保持悬臂上，且可前后移动，所述的背部保持架上开设有一滑槽，所述的滑槽内设置有锁定螺丝；所述的位置保持悬臂、背部保持架与水平面之间的角度可随活塞杆端在缸筒端中的移动而变化(方便残疾人上下车，背部保持架套接于位置保持悬臂管上，可前后移动，并由锁定螺丝锁定位置，调节背部保持位置)；所述的支撑臂的一端连接在所述的背部保持架上，另一端与前支撑杆铰接。Further, the position holder 7 includes a position holding cantilever 16, a coupling shaft 40, a nut 39, a locking steel ball 41, a support arm 12, and a back holder 14, and the coupling shaft 40 is sleeved on the handle pipe 17 and the two ends protrude from the handrail tube, the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively connected to the position by the nut and the position cantilever hinge; one end of the support arm is fixed on the front support on the rod, and can move up and down with the front support frame, and the other end is hinged with the position of the cantilever. The support arm adopts a spring air support structure or a piston rod sleeve structure. The cylinder of the support arm The barrel end is fixed on the front support rod, and can move up and down with the front support frame, the other end of the piston rod is hinged with the position of the cantilever, and the piston rod end can move relatively in the cylinder end, The back retainer is sleeved on the position holding cantilever, and can move forward and backward. A chute is provided on the back retainer, and a locking screw is arranged in the chute; the position holding The angle between the cantilever, the back cage and the horizontal plane can change with the movement of the piston rod end in the cylinder end (to facilitate the disabled to get on and off the car, the back cage is sleeved on the position maintaining cantilever tube, which can move forward and backward, and is controlled by lock screw lock position, adjust the back holding position); one end of the support arm is connected to the back retainer, and the other end is hinged with the front support rod.
进一步，所述的驱动总成包括电机34、驱动轴36、驱动轮31、链轮38、链条33、刹车轮、刹车带32，所述的驱动轮通过轴承35安装在驱动轴的两端，所述的驱动轴通过轴支座37固定在所述的车架的底部，所述的驱动轴上还套设有所述的链轮和刹车轮，所述的链轮及刹车轮通过螺丝和所述的驱动轮相固定，所述的链轮与所述的电机的输出轴之间设置有所述的链条；所述的刹车轮上套设有所述的刹车轮。所述的电机外设置有罩壳2。Further, the drive assembly includes a motor 34, a drive shaft 36, a drive wheel 31, a sprocket wheel 38, a chain 33, a brake wheel, and a brake band 32, and the drive wheel is installed at both ends of the drive shaft through a bearing 35, Described drive shaft is fixed on the bottom of described vehicle frame by shaft support 37, and described drive shaft is also sleeved with described sprocket wheel and brake wheel, and described sprocket wheel and brake wheel are connected by screw and The driving wheel is fixed, the chain is arranged between the sprocket and the output shaft of the motor; the brake wheel is sleeved on the brake wheel. The motor is provided with a casing 2 outside.
进一步，所述的车架后部设置有脚跟挡块。坐凳上升运动到坐姿位置时可由锁紧部件锁定位置，下降运动到车架后半部的脚跟挡块处时由限位开关限定下降极限位置，坐凳总成可使残疾人在坐姿时增加舒适感。Further, the rear part of the vehicle frame is provided with a heel stopper. When the stool moves up to the sitting position, the position can be locked by the locking part, and when it moves down to the heel stopper at the rear half of the frame, the limit position of the drop is limited by the limit switch. comfortability.
进一步，所述的联接轴和扶手管之间还设置有一中间管42，所述的中间管套设在所述的联接轴上，且所述的中间轴的一端具有向内的凹槽，所述的联接轴的端部为T字形结构，T字形结构的两端的内侧分别通过弹簧43与所述的凹槽内部的底端连接，所述的扶手管的管壁上开设有通孔，所述的中间管管壁上开设有与所述的通孔配合使用的圆形孔，所述的圆形孔内设置有锁定钢球，所述的连接轴的外壁上设置有一凹部44，两侧所述的位置保持悬臂的距离由所述的锁定钢球调整。当外力作用在联接轴端部挤压弹簧或拉伸弹簧时，锁定钢球落到凹部中将联接轴锁定，当外力撤销弹簧在自身恢复力的作用下锁定钢球回复到初始位置，联接轴可旋转。Further, an intermediate pipe 42 is provided between the coupling shaft and the handrail pipe, the intermediate pipe is sleeved on the coupling shaft, and one end of the intermediate shaft has an inward groove, so The end of the connecting shaft is a T-shaped structure, and the inner sides of the two ends of the T-shaped structure are respectively connected to the bottom end of the groove inside through a spring 43, and a through hole is provided on the tube wall of the handrail tube, so The wall of the intermediate pipe is provided with a circular hole used in conjunction with the through hole, and a locking steel ball is provided in the circular hole, and a recess 44 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting shaft. The distance of the position maintaining cantilever is adjusted by the locking steel ball. When the external force acts on the end of the coupling shaft to squeeze the spring or stretch the spring, the locking steel ball falls into the recess to lock the coupling shaft. When the external force is cancelled, the locking steel ball returns to the original position under the action of its own restoring force, and the coupling shaft Can be rotated.
进一步，所述的车架的宽度小于370mm，坐凳下降到极限位置时高度小于200mm，这是为了使自理车车架后部能运动至床或轮椅下方的空间，使车尽可能靠近床或轮椅，方便上、下车，同时还为了本车可以在狭小地方如卫生间、厨房等通行。Further, the width of the vehicle frame is less than 370mm, and the height of the seat stool is less than 200mm when it is lowered to the limit position. The wheelchair is convenient for getting on and off the car, and at the same time, the car can pass in narrow places such as bathrooms and kitchens.
本发明中，无坐凳总成时所述的脚跟挡块后部高度小于200mm。In the present invention, when there is no stool assembly, the height of the rear part of the heel stopper is less than 200mm.
残疾人使用本发明的几种情况如下：Several situations that the disabled use the present invention are as follows:
1)需要站立时首先松开胸部支撑板的锁定部件，双手抓紧位置保持悬臂，用力向下撑起身体，身体在拉力弹簧的拉力辅助下直立站起，升起前支撑架并锁定，重新固定锁紧胸部支撑板，调整锁扣位置使安全带总成拉紧，将位置保持架放至水平位置使保持保持悬臂位于腋下，依赖脚跟挡块、小腿支撑保持腿部处于直立、垂直状态，通过胸部支撑、安全带、位置保持架保持上半身处于直立状态；1) When you need to stand, first loosen the locking part of the chest support plate, grasp the position with both hands to maintain the cantilever, prop up the body with force, stand upright with the assistance of the tension spring, raise the front support frame and lock it, and then fix it again Lock the chest support plate, adjust the buckle position to tighten the seat belt assembly, put the position holder to the horizontal position to keep the cantilever at the armpit, rely on the heel block and calf support to keep the legs in an upright and vertical state, Keep the upper body in an upright position with chest supports, seat belts, and position holders;
2)需要坐姿时，先升起坐凳至合适位置锁紧，确认后松开胸部支撑板的锁定部件，降下前支撑架并锁定，双手抓紧位置保持悬臂，身体在拉力弹簧的拉力辅助下和手臂用力慢慢将臀部放至坐凳，若没有坐凳总成的情况下，则先将安全带总成的锁扣扣至坐姿时的合适位置，然后慢慢将身体放下至坐姿位置，重新固定锁紧胸部支撑板，调整安全带总成的锁扣位置使安全带拉紧，将位置保持架放至水平位置使位置保持悬臂位于腋下；2) When a sitting posture is required, first raise the stool to a suitable position and lock it, then release the locking part of the chest support plate after confirmation, lower the front support frame and lock it, grasp the position with both hands to maintain the cantilever, and the body is assisted by the tension spring and Use your arms to slowly put your buttocks onto the stool. If there is no stool assembly, first buckle the buckle of the seat belt assembly to the appropriate position in the sitting position, then slowly lower your body to the sitting position, and then re- Fix and lock the chest support plate, adjust the buckle position of the seat belt assembly to tighten the seat belt, and place the position holder to a horizontal position to keep the cantilever under the armpit;
3)上车时，先将坐凳下降至极限位置，通过遥控控制盒将车尽可能靠近床或轮椅，慢慢控制车的坐凳位于床或轮椅下部悬空空间，将位置保持悬臂活动一端上推，以不影响人上车为准，安全带总成的臀部安全带放至大腿下方，背部安全带在背部固定，然后将双脚放至车架踏板上，使脚后跟和脚跟挡块紧靠，调整小腿支撑使小腿成垂直状态，放下位置保持悬臂至水平位置，双手抓紧位置保持悬臂，然后按站立方式站起，下车的方法和上车及坐姿时方法类似。3) When getting on the car, first lower the seat to the limit position, and use the remote control box to bring the car as close to the bed or wheelchair as possible, and slowly control the seat of the car to be located in the suspended space under the bed or wheelchair, and keep the position on the movable end of the cantilever Push, as long as it does not affect people getting on the car, put the hip seat belt of the seat belt assembly under the thigh, fix the back seat belt on the back, and then put your feet on the frame pedal, so that the heel and the heel block are close , adjust the calf support to make the calf vertical, lower the position and keep the cantilever to a horizontal position, grasp the position with both hands to maintain the cantilever, and then stand up in a standing manner. The method of getting off the car is similar to that of getting on the car and sitting.
本说明书实施例所述的内容仅仅是对发明构思的实现形式的列举，本发明的保护范围不应当被视为仅限于实施例所陈述的具体形式，本发明的保护范围也及于本领域技术人员根据本发明构思所能够想到的等同技术手段。The content described in the embodiments of this specification is only an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. Equivalent technical means that a person can think of based on the concept of the present invention.
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