CN104273100A - Brine shrimp egg shelling method for decreasing hatching rate - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 241000238426 Anostraca Species 0.000 title description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 241000238582 Artemia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000003243 intestinal obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/30—Rearing or breeding invertebrates
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于提高孵化率的卤虫卵脱壳的方法，包括如下的步骤，1)将卤虫卵水合1～3h，水合用水的盐度为0～3％；2)卤虫卵充分吸水后，将其转移到去壳液中，并不对搅拌充气；3)卤虫卵在去壳液中的脱壳时间为5～15min，卤虫卵的颜色由棕色变为灰白色，最后呈橘红色，表明去壳完全；4)去壳完成后，用200目筛网收集去壳卵，使用大量的淡水冲洗；冲洗时沿网兜边沿冲洗，以防止直冲对卵的损伤；5)淡水冲洗去壳卵后，用硫代硫酸钠溶液冲洗，或浸入硫代硫酸钠溶液中脱氯1～2min，再用淡水冲洗，即得到脱壳后的卤虫卵。使用上述方法得到的脱壳的卤虫卵的孵化率大幅度提高，达到86％。The invention provides a method for shelling Artemia eggs for improving hatchability, comprising the following steps: 1) hydrating Artemia eggs for 1-3 hours, and the salinity of the hydration water is 0-3%; 2) Artemia After the ovum fully absorbs water, it is transferred to the shelling solution without aeration; 3) the shelling time of Artemia eggs in the shelling solution is 5 to 15 minutes, and the color of Artemia eggs changes from brown to off-white, and finally It is orange-red, indicating that the shelling is complete; 4) After the shelling is completed, use a 200-mesh screen to collect the shelled eggs, and use a large amount of fresh water to rinse; when washing, rinse along the edge of the net bag to prevent damage to the eggs by direct washing; 5) After washing the shelled eggs with fresh water, rinse with sodium thiosulfate solution, or immerse in sodium thiosulfate solution for dechlorination for 1-2 minutes, and then rinse with fresh water to obtain shelled Artemia eggs. The hatching rate of the shelled Artemia eggs obtained by the method is greatly improved, reaching 86%.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及卤虫卵的孵化技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于提高孵化率的卤虫卵脱壳的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of hatching Artemia eggs, in particular to a method for shelling Artemia eggs used to improve the hatching rate.
背景技术Background technique
卤虫(Brine shrimp，Artemia)，俗称丰年虫，是一类生活在高盐度水域中的小型甲壳类动物，孵出1～2d的卤虫的无节幼体具有大量卵黄，含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪，是鱼虾蟹等幼体良好的开口饵料，能大大提高鱼虾人工育苗成活率，却不污染水质。Artemia (Brine shrimp, Artemia), commonly known as Artemia, is a class of small crustaceans that live in high-salinity waters. The nauplii of Artemia that hatch for 1-2 days have a large amount of yolk, rich in protein, Fat is a good opening bait for larvae such as fish, shrimp and crab, which can greatly improve the survival rate of artificial breeding of fish and shrimp without polluting water quality.
随着水产业的不断发展，卤虫的幼体及成虫越来越受到欢迎。卤虫卵孵化后，卤虫初孵无节幼体与卵壳及未孵化虫卵混在一起，需要把初孵无节幼体从其中分离出来，这不但需要人力物力，而且生产上尚未有简单的，能够完全分离无节幼体的十分有效的方法。因而在投喂时，就不可避免地有部分卵壳和未孵化的卵连同无节幼体一起被投喂到育苗池中。这些卵壳和未孵化的卵在鱼苗池中，一方面会腐烂，直接败坏水质，或因卵壳上带有大量的细菌、真菌而引起水质污染或病害发生；另一方面，有些养殖对象吞食卵壳或未孵化卵以后会引起肠梗阻，甚至死亡。因此，应将卵壳去掉。With the continuous development of the aquaculture industry, Artemia larvae and adults are becoming more and more popular. After the Artemia eggs hatch, the newly hatched nauplii of Artemia are mixed with the egg shells and unhatched eggs, and the newly hatched nauplii need to be separated from them, which not only requires manpower and material resources, but also has not yet been simple in production. Very effective method for complete isolation of nauplii. Therefore, when feeding, it is inevitable that some egg shells and unhatched eggs are fed into the nursery pond together with the nauplii. These eggshells and unhatched eggs will rot in the fry pond on the one hand, directly corrupting the water quality, or causing water pollution or disease occurrence due to a large number of bacteria and fungi on the eggshells; on the other hand, some breeding objects swallow Egg shells or unhatched eggs can later cause intestinal obstruction and even death. Therefore, the egg shell should be removed.
卤虫卵的去壳就是将卵壳的最外层(硬壳层)氧化去除。Sorgeloos etal(1977)最早报道了卤虫休眠卵的化学去壳方法。去壳后的卤虫卵可直接投喂，也可用于进一步孵化处理。但是现有的卤虫卵去壳方法，使得去壳后的卤虫卵孵化率降低，尚未有人提出如何将卤虫卵进行去壳处理，才能提高卤虫卵的孵化率。The shelling of Artemia eggs is to oxidize and remove the outermost layer (hard shell) of the egg shell. Sorgeloos et al (1977) reported the chemical shelling method of Artemia dormant eggs first. The shelled Artemia eggs can be directly fed or used for further hatching. But the existing Artemia ovum shelling method makes the hatching rate of the Artemia ovum after shelling reduced, and no one has proposed how to process the Artemia ovum to remove the shell, so as to improve the hatching rate of the Artemia ovum.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种用于提高孵化率的卤虫卵脱壳的方法，缩短了卤虫卵脱壳的时间，节约成本，且避免了脱壳后的卤虫卵孵化率较低的现象。The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a method for shelling Artemia eggs used to improve the hatching rate, which shortens the time for shelling Artemia eggs, saves costs, and avoids the relatively high hatching rate of Artemia eggs after shelling. low phenomenon.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种用于提高孵化率的卤虫卵脱壳的方法，包括如下的步骤，In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a method for shelling Artemia eggs used to improve hatchability, comprising the following steps,
1)、将卤虫卵水合1～3h，水合用水的盐度为0-30‰；1) Hydrate Artemia eggs for 1-3 hours, and the salinity of the hydration water is 0-30‰;
2)、卤虫卵充分吸水后，将其转移到去壳液中，并不对搅拌充气；2), after the artemia eggs fully absorb water, transfer them to the shelling solution, and do not aerate the stirring;
3)、卤虫卵在去壳液中的脱壳时间为5～15min，卤虫卵的颜色由棕色变为灰白色，最后65～75％的卤虫卵呈橘红色，则结束去壳；去壳液的温度控制在10℃以下，充气流量为75-150m3/(m2·min)；去壳液由次氯酸钠、氢氧化钠以及水配制而成，其中次氯酸钠与水的质量比值为1：2.5-1：5，氢氧化钠的量按照每克干燥的卤虫卵0.14-0.17克计算；3), the shelling time of Artemia ovum in the shelling liquid is 5～15min, the color of Artemia ovum changes from brown to off-white, and finally 65～75% of Artemia ovum is orange-red, then finish shelling; The temperature of the shell liquid is controlled below 10°C, and the gas flow rate is 75-150m 3 /(m 2 ·min); the shell liquid is prepared from sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide and water, and the mass ratio of sodium hypochlorite to water is 1: 2.5-1:5, the amount of sodium hydroxide is calculated according to 0.14-0.17 grams per gram of dried Artemia eggs;
4)、去壳完成后，用200目筛网收集去壳卵，使用大量的淡水冲洗；冲洗时沿网兜边沿冲洗，以防止直冲对卵的损伤；4) After the shelling is completed, collect the shelled eggs with a 200-mesh screen, and rinse with a large amount of fresh water; when washing, rinse along the edge of the net bag to prevent damage to the eggs by direct washing;
5)、淡水冲洗去壳卵后，用硫代硫酸钠溶液冲洗，或浸入硫代硫酸钠溶液中脱氯1～2min，再用淡水冲洗，即得到脱壳后的卤虫卵。5) After the shelled eggs are washed with fresh water, rinse with sodium thiosulfate solution, or immerse in sodium thiosulfate solution for dechlorination for 1-2 minutes, and then rinse with fresh water to obtain shelled Artemia eggs.
优选的，步骤1)中，卤虫卵水合的过程中，对水合用水进行充气，充气流量为75-150m3/(m2·min)。Preferably, in step 1), during the hydration process of Artemia eggs, the hydration water is aerated, and the aeration flow rate is 75-150m 3 /(m 2 ·min).
优选的，步骤5)中所述硫代硫酸钠溶液的质量浓度为1.5％。Preferably, the mass concentration of the sodium thiosulfate solution described in step 5) is 1.5%.
优选的，步骤1)中的水合用水、步骤2)中的去壳液、步骤4)以及步骤5)中的淡水均是提前曝气1～2d。Preferably, the water for hydration in step 1), the shelling liquid in step 2), the fresh water in step 4) and step 5) are all aerated for 1-2 days in advance.
本发明具有的优点和积极效果是：使用本发明提供的卤虫卵脱壳的方法，脱壳的卤虫卵的孵化率大幅度提高，达到86％。The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: the hatching rate of the shelled Artemia eggs is greatly increased to 86% by using the method for shelling the Artemia eggs provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例一Embodiment one
一种用于提高孵化率的卤虫卵脱壳的方法，包括如下的步骤，A method for shelling Artemia eggs for improving hatchability, comprising the steps of,
1)、将卤虫卵水合1h，水合用水的盐度为20‰，卤虫卵水合的过程中，对水合用水进行充气，充气流量为95m3/(m2·min)；1) Hydrate Artemia eggs for 1 hour, the salinity of the hydration water is 20‰, during the process of hydration of Artemia eggs, aerate the hydration water, and the aeration flow rate is 95m 3 /(m 2 ·min);
2)、卤虫卵充分吸水后，将其转移到去壳液中，并不对搅拌充气；2), after the artemia eggs fully absorb water, transfer them to the shelling solution, and do not aerate the stirring;
3)、卤虫卵在去壳液中的脱壳时间为10min，卤虫卵的颜色由棕色变为灰白色，最后70％的卤虫卵呈橘红色，则结束去壳；去壳液的温度控制在10℃以下，充气流量为90m3/(m2·min)；去壳液由次氯酸钠、氢氧化钠以及水配制而成，其中次氯酸钠与水的质量比值为1：5，氢氧化钠的量按照每克干燥的卤虫卵0.15克计算；3), the shelling time of Artemia ovum in the shelling solution is 10min, the color of Artemia ovum changes from brown to off-white, and the last 70% of Artemia ovum is orange-red, then finish shelling; the temperature of the shelling solution Control the temperature below 10°C, the air flow rate is 90m 3 /(m 2 ·min); the shelling solution is prepared from sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide and water, the mass ratio of sodium hypochlorite to water is 1:5, and the sodium hydroxide The amount is calculated according to 0.15 grams per gram of dried Artemia eggs;
4)、去壳完成后，用200目筛网收集去壳卵，使用大量的淡水冲洗；冲洗时沿网兜边沿冲洗，以防止直冲对卵的损伤；4) After the shelling is completed, collect the shelled eggs with a 200-mesh screen, and rinse with a large amount of fresh water; when washing, rinse along the edge of the net bag to prevent damage to the eggs by direct washing;
5)、淡水冲洗去壳卵后，用质量浓度为1.5％的硫代硫酸钠溶液冲洗，再用淡水冲洗，即得到脱壳后的卤虫卵。5), after washing the shelled eggs with fresh water, rinse with a sodium thiosulfate solution with a mass concentration of 1.5%, and then rinse with fresh water to obtain shelled Artemia eggs.
步骤1)中的水合用水、步骤2)中的去壳液、步骤4)以及步骤5)中的淡水均是提前曝气1d。The water for hydration in step 1), the shelling liquid in step 2), the fresh water in step 4) and step 5) are all aeration 1d in advance.
脱壳的卤虫卵孵化24h后，孵化率为86％。After 24 hours of hatching, the shelled Artemia eggs had a hatching rate of 86%.
卤虫卵的孵化条件为盐度20g溶解盐/升；pH值8.1；氧气浓度＞6mg/L；水温28℃,白光的光照强度为1000lux。The incubation conditions for Artemia eggs are salinity 20g dissolved salt/liter; pH value 8.1; oxygen concentration > 6mg/L; water temperature 28°C, white light intensity 1000lux.
实施例二Embodiment two
与实施例一的方法步骤相同，将步骤3)中的脱壳时间改为15min，最后75％的卤虫卵呈橘红色，将脱壳的卤虫卵在与实施例一相同的条件下进行孵化24h，孵化率为70％。Same as the method step of embodiment one, change the shelling time in step 3) to 15min, and finally 75% of Artemia eggs are orange-red, and the Artemia eggs of shelling are carried out under the same conditions as in Example one After incubation for 24 hours, the hatching rate was 70%.
实施例三Embodiment Three
一种用于提高孵化率的卤虫卵脱壳的方法，包括如下的步骤，A method for shelling Artemia eggs for improving hatchability, comprising the steps of,
1)、将卤虫卵水合1h，水合用水的盐度为20‰；卤虫卵水合的过程中，对水合用水进行充气，充气流量为95m3/(m2·min)。1) Hydrate the Artemia eggs for 1 hour, and the salinity of the hydration water is 20‰; during the hydration process of the Artemia eggs, aerate the hydration water with a flow rate of 95m 3 /(m 2 ·min).
2)、卤虫卵充分吸水后，将其转移到去壳液中，并不对搅拌充气；2), after the artemia eggs fully absorb water, transfer them to the shelling solution, and do not aerate the stirring;
3)、卤虫卵在去壳液中的脱壳时间为5min，卤虫卵的颜色由棕色变为灰白色，最后65％的卤虫卵呈橘红色，则结束去壳；去壳液的温度控制在10℃以下，充气流量为90m3/(m2·min)；去壳液由次氯酸钠、氢氧化钠以及水配制而成，其中次氯酸钠与水的质量比值为1：2.5，氢氧化钠的量按照每克干燥的卤虫卵0.15克计算；3), the shelling time of Artemia ovum in the shelling liquid is 5min, the color of Artemia ovum changes from brown to off-white, and the last 65% Artemia ovum is orange red, then finishes shelling; The temperature of shelling liquid Control the temperature below 10°C, and the air flow rate is 90m 3 /(m 2 ·min); the shelling liquid is prepared from sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium hypochlorite to water is 1:2.5, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide The amount is calculated according to 0.15 grams per gram of dried Artemia eggs;
4)、去壳完成后，用200目筛网收集去壳卵，使用大量的淡水冲洗；冲洗时沿网兜边沿冲洗，以防止直冲对卵的损伤；4) After the shelling is completed, collect the shelled eggs with a 200-mesh screen, and rinse with a large amount of fresh water; when washing, rinse along the edge of the net bag to prevent damage to the eggs by direct washing;
5)、淡水冲洗去壳卵后，浸入硫代硫酸钠溶液中脱氯2min，再用淡水冲洗，即得到脱壳后的卤虫卵。5) After washing the shelled eggs with fresh water, immerse in sodium thiosulfate solution for dechlorination for 2 minutes, and then rinse with fresh water to obtain shelled Artemia eggs.
步骤1)中的水合用水、步骤2)中的去壳液、步骤4)以及步骤5)中的淡水均是提前曝气2d。The hydration water in step 1), the shelling liquid in step 2), the fresh water in step 4) and step 5) are all aeration 2d in advance.
将脱壳的卤虫卵在与实施例一相同的条件下进行孵化24h，孵化率为84％。The shelled Artemia eggs were hatched for 24 hours under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the hatching rate was 84%.
实施例四Embodiment Four
与实施例一的方法步骤相同，将步骤3)中的脱壳时间改为11min，最后72％的卤虫卵呈橘红色，将脱壳的卤虫卵在与实施例一相同的条件下进行孵化24h，孵化率为85％。Identical with the method step of embodiment one, change the shelling time in step 3) to 11min, and finally 72% of Artemia eggs are orange-red, and the Artemia eggs of shelling are carried out under the same conditions as in Example one After incubation for 24 hours, the hatching rate was 85%.
对照组control group
将没有进行脱壳处理的卤虫卵，在与实施例一相同的条件下进行孵化24h，孵化率为62％。The Artemia eggs that were not shelled were hatched under the same conditions as in Example 1 for 24 hours, and the hatching rate was 62%.
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本专利涵盖范围之内。The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be considered as limiting the implementation scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention should still belong to the scope of this patent.
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| CN105746446A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-07-13 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of shelling method of Artemia eggs |
| CN105900934A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-08-31 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Application of papain to artemia cyst shell removing |
| CN105900934B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2019-01-25 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Application of papain in shelling of Artemia eggs |
| CN106577408A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-04-26 | 汪逸凡 | Decapsulated artemia egg preparation method improving hatching rate |
| CN106577408B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-09-03 | 江苏好润生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the preparation method of the shelling slag oxygenation of hatching rate |
| CN106508824A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-03-22 | 雷州市海威水产养殖有限公司 | Pretreatment method for efficiently improving ova hatching rate in good year |
| CN106954593A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-18 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of white light illumination method of leech indoor highly effective cultivation |
| CN107079843A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Coregonus ussuriensis offspring seed cultivation method |
| CN107049923A (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2017-08-18 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of preparation method of artemia cysts product |
| CN107347872A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-17 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of artemia shelling egg freezing preserves and the formula and method of hatching |
| CN107347872B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2021-11-19 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | Formula and method for freezing, storing and hatching artemia unshelled eggs |
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