CN104255191A - Brush roll cotton picker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a brush-roll type cotton picker, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The machine includes a picking table arranged on a self-propelled chassis, a wind conveying device, a boll separation device, a cleaning device and a cotton collecting box; The middle and lower brushes and the beating rods distributed at intervals, the upper brush roller is installed under the first-stage toothed roller, the lower brush roller with bristles in contact with the outer circle of the third-stage toothed roller is installed under the second-stage toothed roller, and the third-stage toothed roller The lower side is equipped with an arc-shaped grille, and the side away from the beating rod in the shell is provided with a cotton collecting flow channel for conveying air from bottom to top, and the cotton collecting flow channel is provided with upper and lower suction ports. The bottom of the cotton collecting flow channel is connected with the air outlet of the cotton conveying fan. The invention can significantly reduce the cotton fiber damage, improve the effect of removing impurities, and the impurity content rate can be lower than 10%; at the same time, the recovery effect is enhanced, and the loss of seed cotton is greatly reduced.

Description

A brush roller cotton picker

technical field

The invention relates to a cotton harvesting machine, in particular to a brush roller type cotton picking machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. the

Background technique

Cotton harvesters can be divided into two types according to the harvesting method: one is a selective harvester, and the other is a unified harvester. Harvesters are further divided into large spindle picking and small air suction. The air-suction type is only suitable for a family of small-area growers, and the promotion value is not high, and almost no one uses it. Due to the high cost of large-scale picking spindles, the high cost of use and maintenance limits its application range. It is only used when economic conditions permit. The Xinjiang Corps with a large cotton planting area is widely used, and the local use is less. The unified harvester has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and good agronomic adaptability. But its biggest disadvantage is its high impurity content, which restricts its popularization and application. the

The Chinese patent application number 201210037033.4 discloses a self-propelled compound finger cotton picker, which includes a picking platform, a wind conveying device, a cotton boll sorting device, a cleaning device and a cotton collection box; And the seed cotton output port; the input port of the wind conveying device is docked with the seed cotton output port of the picking platform, and connected to the entrance of the boll separation device, and the exit of the boll separation device is connected to the cotton box through the cleaning device, wherein the boll separation device includes the separation In the box body, a spike roller is installed above the bottom of the funnel, and a direct current channel is formed above the spike roller, and a cotton pressing brush is installed at the junction between the input port and the funnel, and a grid plate extending to the output port is installed under the spike roller , the bottom of the funnel is equipped with a peach collecting box through the air locker. This patented technology effectively overcomes the shortcomings of incomplete separation of cotton bolls and easy clogging, avoids cotton dyeing and moisture defects caused by bolls entering the impurity cleaning device, reduces the impurity content of picked cotton, and is conducive to improving cotton grades. However, research in practice has shown that in addition to the problem of high impurity content in machine-picked cotton, fiber damage is also a major problem that needs to be solved, and the on-board cleaning device in the existing cotton picker is the main cause of fiber damage caused by the unified harvester. part. the

The existing airborne cleaning devices mainly include three types: spike type, sawtooth type and mixed type. Among them, the sawtooth type is most commonly used because of its compact structure and better cleaning effect. At present, the two-stage sawtooth roller structure is used. This structure is not only 1) the separation of seed cotton in the upper part of the trash removal device is not complete, and the seed cotton is easily discharged directly from the trash discharge port, which will block the trash discharge port while causing cotton loss and affect the separation of fine trash. ; 2) Part of the cotton branches directly enter the cotton collection box without being cleaned by the second-level toothed roller, which increases the impurity rate; especially 3) There are defects in the setting of the two-level sawtooth roller, which may easily cause cotton to be repeatedly hooked and damaged. flower phenomenon. the

The Chinese invention patent with the patent number 201210014731.2 proposes an airborne high-efficiency cotton cleaning device. The device includes a vertical channel with an input port in the middle of one side, a honeycomb box with honeycomb holes on the side wall is installed on the top of the vertical channel, and the upper and lower stages supported in the lower casing are installed on the lower part of the vertical channel. Geared rollers, upper and lower brushes extending radially toward the upper geared rollers and lower geared rollers are respectively installed on the lower end of the vertical channel on the same side as the input port and the lower housing, and the upper and lower geared rollers are installed along the side of the corresponding input port. There are beating rods distributed at intervals in the circular arc track, and the bottom of the shell is provided with a cotton collecting flow channel for conveying airflow from bottom to top. The middle part of the cotton collecting flow channel is opened with a suction port on the opposite side of the upper gear roller and the beating rod. The flow channel is located on the opposite side of the input port and has a return port lower than the input port, and the return port extends out of the vertical flow channel to form an inclined upward shunt channel. In this way, the seed cotton can be avoided from being blown out from the miscellaneous discharge port, and the short circuit of impurities can directly enter the cotton collecting box, effectively reducing the impurity content. the

Practice has proved that the device is effective in solving incomplete separation of seed cotton, clogging of the miscellaneous outlet and improving the cleaning efficiency. However, the impurity rate is difficult to reduce, and the impurity loss rate is too high; the impurity removal process has to be repeated, so it is easy to damage the cotton fiber. In addition, there are also problems such as poor cleaning effect of cotton stalks, easy to cause blockage and affect normal operation, and discharge of micro impurities into the air, which easily causes secondary pollution of seed cotton. the

Contents of the invention

The primary purpose of the present invention is to propose a brush-roller type cotton picker that can ensure that one-time cleaning is up to standard even if the cotton processing capacity is relatively large, so as to effectively suppress the cleaning efficiency while ensuring the cleaning efficiency. Surface cotton fiber damage. the

The further object of the present invention is to propose a brush-roller cotton picker which not only has a good cleaning effect on cotton stalks, but also can avoid secondary pollution of seed cotton. the

In order to achieve the above primary purpose, the basic structure of the brush roller type cotton picker of the present invention is: the machine includes a picking platform (A1) placed on a self-propelled chassis (A8), a wind conveying device (A9), a boll separation device (A2 ), the cleaning device (A6) and the cotton collection box (A7); the air outlet of the wind conveying device (A9) is connected to the seed cotton output port of the picking table, and connected to the inlet of the boll separation device (A2); the The outlet of the cotton boll separation device (A2) is connected to the cotton box (A7) through the trash cleaning device (A6); The toothed rollers include a first-stage toothed roller (10) supported under the central entrance of the upper end of the casing, a second-stage toothed roller (14) supported in the middle of the casing, and a third-stage toothed roller (19) supported at the lower part of the casing. One side of the first-stage toothed roller, second-stage toothed roller and third-stage toothed roller is equipped with an upper brush (7), a middle brush (3), a lower brush (2) and a circle concentric with the corresponding toothed roller. The beater rods are distributed at intervals along the arc trajectory. The upper brush roller (13) with bristles in contact with its outer circle is installed under the first-level toothed roller, and the bristles are installed under the second-level toothed roller. The lower brush roller is in contact with the outer circle of the roller. The lower side of the three-stage toothed roller is equipped with an arc-shaped grille. The cotton flow channel is provided with an upper suction flow port (12) between the first-level toothed roller and the upper brush roller and a lower suction flow opening (16) between the second-level toothed roller and the lower brush roller; The bottom of the road is connected with the air outlet of the cotton conveying fan (18). the

When working, the seed cotton harvested by the picking platform enters the boll separation device to separate the bolls, and then, with the assistance of the wind conveying device, the seed cotton separated from the bolls enters the cleaning device. At this time, the cotton conveying fan operates to generate airflow in the cotton collecting flow channel, and the upper and lower suction ports will generate cotton conveying wind pressure, so that the seed cotton to be cleaned enters the vertical passage from the inlet. Afterwards, the primary, secondary and tertiary toothed rollers with independent brush rollers can respectively complete about 60%, 30% and 10% of the cleaning work step by step, realizing the three-level reasonable ratio cleaning of seed cotton, thus Avoid repeated cleaning, significantly reduce cotton fiber damage, improve the effect of cleaning impurities, and the rate of impurities can be lower than 10%; at the same time, the recovery effect is enhanced, which greatly reduces the loss of seed cotton. Finally, the efficiently cleaned cotton falls into the collection box. the

In order to achieve a further purpose, a stalk cleaning mechanism is installed on one side of the upper end of the shell of the cleaning device, and the stalk cleaning mechanism includes a conveying channel that is inclined from low to high to transport cotton, and the inner row of the conveying channel The cloth is composed of at least two thorn rolls (5) connected with each other from low to high, and the thorn roll is composed of a rotatable roll body and radially extending nails distributed on the roll body at intervals; the lowest level of thorn rolls is away from One side of the other nailing rollers is tangentially provided with the input port of the conveying channel with the opening facing downwards, and there is a miscellaneous discharge port (1) directly below; the side of the highest-level nailing roller away from other nailing rollers extends horizontally through the conveying channel The section is provided with an output port with the opening facing downward; between the input port and the output port, there are stalk grids (6) that form a semi-surrounding of the spike rollers at all levels, and the stalk grids at each level are respectively formed by the brackets that form the edge frame. It is composed of a frame, a strip-shaped flapping grid plate parallel to the axis of the spike roller fixed on the bracket at intervals, and an arc-shaped grid bar concentric with the spike roller. Adjacent stalk row grids are connected by smooth transition angle plates. the

When working, the seed cotton is conveyed from the input port into the conveying channel of the stalk cleaning mechanism. The spike roller rotates under the drive of the external power device, and the cotton stalk is inserted into the gap between the spike roller and the stalk grid and broken, and the spike is turned to drive During the feeding process of the seed cotton, it moves relative to the beating grid, which produces a beating effect, so that the impurities in the seed cotton, especially the broken cotton stalks, leak out from the gap of the arc-shaped grid, and fall to the miscellaneous discharge port under the action of its gravity drop. After being slapped by multi-stage nail rollers, the micro impurities and stalks are basically discharged, while the evenly dispersed seed cotton is output from the output port to the subsequent vertical channel entrance for cleaning according to the ratio. In this way, the cotton stalks are effectively removed in advance, not only with the loosening effect of the thorns and the beating effect of the stalk grid, but also combined with the cotton transport airflow and centrifugal effect, the cotton stalks and cotton leaves are skillfully separated and arranged side by side. The ground cotton avoids secondary pollution, and helps to keep the cotton fiber in a non-damaged state, improving the efficiency and quality of cleaning. the

A further improvement of the present invention is that a trash removal comb (11) with comb teeth facing the outer circle of the first-stage toothed roller is installed under the beating bar at the first-stage toothed roller. After the seed cotton is processed by the first-level toothed roller, some unseparated large trash can be combed by the trash removal comb, and the seed cotton that has been removed from the trash will naturally transition to the second-level toothed roller for further cleaning. the

A further improvement of the present invention is that a row guide plate (15) is installed between the second-stage toothed roller and the third-stage toothed roller, and the row guide plate has comb teeth facing the second-stage toothed roller and knife edges facing the third-stage toothed roller . After the seed cotton is processed by the second-stage toothed roller, some of the unseparated large impurities can be combed by the comb of the guide plate, and then naturally transition to the third-stage toothed roller for further cleaning; at the same time, the seed cotton brushed by the third-stage toothed roller is on the edge of the guide plate Under the action, it is guided to the second-stage toothed roller, and with the rotation of the second-stage toothed roller, it reaches the negative pressure area near the lower suction port, and is output to the cotton collection flow channel under the action of the fan to avoid the formation of seed cotton due to repeated hooking and fiber damage. Broken flowers. the

A further improvement of the present invention is that the picking platform is a brush-roll type picking platform, including at least a pair of grain dividers with conical heads installed on the front end of the picking platform, and a picking head is installed behind the grain dividers. The picking head includes a pair of left and right brush rollers with the same speed and reverse rotation supported on the picking stand with the front low and the rear high. A group of radially extending brush plates are distributed on the left and right brush rollers. Longitudinal screw conveyors with V-shaped joint grooves are respectively installed under the outer sides of the left and right brush rollers, and a pair of substantially horizontally supported left and right anti-pulling rollers with the same speed and reverse rotation are installed under the inner sides of the left and right brush rollers. The circumferential distribution of the left and right anti-extraction rollers has anti-extraction teeth extending radially. the

When picking cotton, the anti-pulling teeth of the left and right anti-pulling rollers under the gap between the left and right brush rollers rotate in opposite directions and act on the lower part of the cotton stem from top to bottom to balance the force of the brush plate and effectively prevent the cotton stems from being pulled up, thus both It solves the problems of low cleaning rate and high loss rate of the spindle picker type cotton picker, and also solves the problem that the cotton stems of the double-finger rod type cotton picker are easy to pull out. the

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described. the

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. the

Fig. 2 is a top view structural diagram of the picking platform of the embodiment in Fig. 1 . the

FIG. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the cleaning device of the embodiment in FIG. 1 . the

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the nailing roller in Fig. 3 . the

FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4 . the

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the stalk row grid in Fig. 4 . the

FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6 . the

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

Due to the unique geographical environment in the Yangtze River cotton area, there is more rain, and the air and soil humidity are high. The cotton opening period is relatively long, the opening rate is relatively low and the opening is not smooth. There are many stiff flowers and semi-twisted flocks, which are not easy to be entangled and easy to fall. The use of spindle picking cotton pickers generally has the problems of low picking rate and high loss rate, and picking is very difficult. On the other hand, most of the Yangtze River cotton area adopts ridge planting, and drainage ditches are usually opened for drainage. Due to the high soil humidity, cotton is easy to pull up, which has become a difficult problem for picking with double-finger cotton pickers. As far as the applicant knows, the brush-roll cotton picker implemented in this application is the only model suitable for use in this area so far.

The brush roller type cotton picker of this implementation is shown in Figure 1, and this machine mainly comprises the picking table A1 that is arranged on the self-propelled chassis A8, wind conveying device A9, cotton boll separation device A2, cleaning device A6 and cotton collecting box A7 , also includes picking table lifting frame A3, as the engine A5 of power source and the peach collecting device A10 that holds and connects row peach mouth. The picking table lifting frame A3 is essentially a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism driven by a lifting oil cylinder, which can keep the picking table lifting in parallel. the

The air outlet of the wind conveying device A9 is docked with the seed cotton output port of the picking platform A1, and connected to the inlet of the boll separation device A2; the outlet of the boll separation device A2 is connected to the cleaning device A6, and then connected to the cotton collecting box A7. Its structure is similar to the one with the application number 201410185032.3 and the name "A Device for Separating and Conveying Cotton Bolls". For details, please refer to the patent document, which will not be repeated here. the

The picking platform is a brush roller type picking platform, as shown in Figure 2, including three pairs of grain dividers B2 with conical heads installed on the front end of the picking platform B1, and a picking head is housed behind the grain divider B1. The picking head consists of a pair of left and right brush rollers B3 with the same speed and reverse rotation supported on the picking platform B1 with a low front and a high rear. 1, right brush roller outside the bottom installed with V-shaped vertical screw conveyor B4 respectively, the left and right brush roller B3 inside the bottom installed a pair of basically horizontal support of the same speed reverse rotation left and right anti-pull roller B5, left, right The circumferential distribution of the right anti-extraction roller B5 has anti-extraction teeth extending radially. the

When picking cotton, the grain divider guides the cotton stalk into the gap between the brush plates of a pair of brush rollers, and the brush plates on both sides that rotate at the same speed in the opposite direction and gradually rise gradually pick the cotton and bolls on the upper part of the cotton stalk from bottom to top. Bring it to both sides of the left and right brush rollers, fall into the longitudinal screw conveyor and transport it to the rear mechanism for further processing. At the same time, the anti-pulling teeth of the left and right anti-pulling rollers that rotate oppositely under the gap between the left and right brush rollers act on the lower part of the cotton stem from top to bottom to balance the force of the brush plate and effectively prevent the cotton stem from being pulled up. It solves the problems of low cleaning rate and high loss rate of the spindle picker type cotton picker, and also solves the problem that the cotton stems of the double-finger rod type cotton picker are easy to pull out. For a further understanding of its working principle and beneficial effects, please refer to the Chinese patent document with application number 201410105256.9 and titled "A Brush-Roll Picking Platform". the

As shown in Figure 3, the cleaning device is mainly composed of two parts: a three-stage toothed roller ratio cleaning mechanism and a branch and stalk cleaning mechanism composed of multi-stage thorn rollers and stalk grids. the

The cleaning mechanism contains toothed rollers arranged in a housing forming a vertical channel 9, including a primary toothed roller 10 supported below the central entrance of the upper end of the housing, a secondary toothed roller 14 supported in the middle of the housing, and a secondary toothed roller supported in the housing. The lower three-stage toothed roller 19. One side of the first-stage toothed roller 10, the second-stage toothed roller 14, and the third-stage toothed roller 19 are equipped with an upper brush 7 located below the entrance side, a middle brush 3 located at the lower end of the inclined upper guide plate, and a middle brush 3 located at the lower end of the inclined lower guide plate. The lower brush 2, thereby establishing a reasonable and compact guiding structure. One side of the toothed rollers 10, 14 and 19 of each stage is equipped with three beating rods 8 distributed along the arc track concentric with the corresponding toothed rollers respectively. The trash comb 11 of the outer circle of the stage toothed roller 10. The upper brush roller 13 that bristles contact with its outer circle is housed below the first-stage toothed roller 10 . This constitutes a relatively independent first-stage cleaning mechanism. The seed cotton entering the vertical channel 9 is slapped by the relative movement of the beating rod 8 after passing through the upper brush 7 under the action of the rotating hook belt of the first-stage toothed roller 10. Then, the trash comb 11 combs to complete the cleaning and separation of about 60% of most of the seed cotton, and the upper brush roller 13 rotates the cotton brush upwards to the suction port, and the negative pressure generated by the airflow of the cotton collection channel 17 Suction is sent to the outlet on the upper end. the

The bottom of the second-level toothed roller 14 is provided with a lower brush roller whose bristles are in contact with the outer circle of the second-level toothed roller 14 and the third-level toothed roller 19, and the lower side of the third-level toothed roller 19 is equipped with an arc composed of parallel grid bars distributed at intervals. Shaped grille, its specific structure is the same as the prior art recorded in documents such as 201210014731.2. Between the second-stage toothed roller 14 and the third-stage toothed roller 9, a row guide plate 15 is also installed next to the lower brush roller. 15 comb teeth and the edge of the knife are connected by a smooth surface concentric with the lower brush roller. During work, the seed-containing cotton separated by the first-level toothed roller 10 falls on the second-level toothed roller 14 along the upper guide plate, and under the action of the rotating hook belt of the second-level toothed roller 14, after passing through the middle brush 3, it passes through the slapping rod Relatively moving slapping, and then combing with 15 combs on the guide plate, so as to further complete the separation of about 30% of the seed cotton after the first-level cleaning, and the cotton brush is sucked downward by the lower brush roller during rotation; and At the same time, the seed-containing cotton separated by the second-stage toothed roller 14 falls onto the third-stage toothed roller 19 along the lower guide plate. The slapping of the relative movement of the rods, and then the sieving of the arc-shaped grille, the lower brush roller also sucks the cotton brush downwards; it is sucked out by the negative pressure generated by the airflow of the cotton collection flow channel 17 and sent to the upper outlet. The knife edge of row guide plate 15 helps to separate the cotton that three-stage toothed roller 19 is hooked, is brushed away by lower brush roller, avoids its fiber to be damaged, and improves cotton recovery rate. In the cotton collection channel 17 that conveys the airflow from bottom to top on the side away from the beating rod 8, there is an upper suction flow port 12 located between the first-level toothed roller and the upper brush roller, and an upper suction port 12 located between the second-level toothed roller and the lower brush roller. The lower suction flow port 16 between; the bottom of the cotton collecting flow channel 17 is connected with the air outlet of the cotton conveying fan 18, so the required air delivery effect can be effectively formed. the

In addition, a branch and stalk cleaning mechanism is installed on the upper side of the housing, which includes a conveying channel that is inclined from low to high to transport cotton, and three-stage spike rollers 5 that connect with each other from low to high are arranged in the conveying channel. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, each spike roller 5 consists of a rotatable roller body 5-1 with an octagonal cross-section and radially extending spikes distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction and axially at equal intervals on the roller body 5-1. 5-2 composition. The side of the lowest-level nailing roller away from other nailing rollers is tangentially provided with a conveying channel seed cotton input port 4 with the opening facing downward, and a funnel-shaped miscellaneous discharge port 1 is provided directly below it. The side of the highest-level nailing roller away from other nailing rollers is provided with an output port with the opening facing downward through the horizontal extension of the conveying channel. Between the input port 4 and the output port, there are stalk row grids 6 that form a semi-surrounding nail roller 5 at each level respectively. The specific structure is shown in Fig. , and fixed on the bracket at intervals to form a strip-shaped flapping grid 6-2 parallel to the axis of the nailing roller and an arc-shaped grid 6-4 concentric with the nailing roller. V-shaped transition angle plate 6-3 connection. the

In this way, when the seed cotton is input from the input port, since the flow area of the upper part of the oblique conveying channel is smaller than that of the lower part, the upwardly flowing airflow tends to be forced to flow downward through the spike roller and the stalk grid, so the seed cotton is pressed by the spike roller. It is driven downward and beats against the stalk grid, and the cotton stalks are inserted into the stalk grid under the action of centrifugal force, the large ones are broken, and the small ones are discharged. After the three-stage beating, the micro-impurity and branches are discharged downward under the action of the airflow, thus effectively avoiding the secondary pollution caused by the discharge of the original cotton impurity into the air, and the seed cotton evenly dispersed by the three-stage thorns falls to the toothed roller through the vertical passage were further sorted. The cotton after cleaning is finally input into the cotton collection box A7. the

Tests show that this embodiment has the following significant advantages:

1. Wide adaptability—the anti-pull effect is especially good, and it can be used in the three major cotton areas in my country (the cotton area in the Yangtze River Basin, the Yellow River Basin and Xinjiang Cotton Area).

2. High recovery rate - the recovery rate can reach more than 97%. the

3. Low impurity rate - the impurity rate is obviously lower than that of the horizontal spindle picker. the

4. The cost is moderate—the manufacturing cost is much lower than that of the spindle-type cotton picker, which is in line with my country's national conditions. the

5. Easy to operate, safe and reliable - it can be used by general drivers without adding water and other add-ons. the

Claims (8)

1. A brush roller cotton picker, which includes a picking platform (A1) placed on a self-propelled chassis (A8), a wind conveying device (A9), a cotton boll separation device (A2), and a cleaning device (A6) and the cotton collection box (A7); the air outlet of the wind conveying device (A9) is docked with the seed cotton output port of the picking platform, and connected to the inlet of the boll separation device (A2); the outlet of the boll separation device (A2) Collect the cotton box (A7) through the cleaning device (A6); it is characterized in that: the cleaning device contains toothed rollers arranged in the casing forming the vertical passage (9), and the toothed rollers include The first-stage toothed roller (10) below the central entrance of the upper end, the second-stage toothed roller (14) supported in the middle of the casing, and the third-stage toothed roller (19) supported in the lower part of the casing, the first-stage toothed roller, the second-stage toothed roller One side of the toothed roller and the third-stage toothed roller are respectively equipped with an upper brush (7), a middle brush (3), a lower brush (2) and beating rods distributed at intervals along an arc track concentric with the corresponding toothed roller. The upper brush roller (13) with bristles in contact with its outer circle is installed under the first-stage toothed roller, and the lower brush roller (13) with bristles in contact with the outer circles of the second-stage toothed roller and the third-stage toothed roller is installed under the second-stage toothed roller , the lower side of the three-stage toothed roller is equipped with an arc-shaped grille, and the side of the housing far away from the beating bar is provided with a cotton collection flow channel for conveying air from bottom to top, and the cotton collection flow channel is opened. The upper suction port (12) between the toothed roller and the upper brush roller and the lower suction port (16) between the secondary toothed roller and the lower brush roller; the bottom of the cotton collection channel and the cotton conveying fan ( 18) connected to the air outlet. 2. The brush-roller cotton picker according to claim 1, characterized in that: a branch and stalk cleaning mechanism is installed on the upper side of the shell of the cleaning device, and the branch and stalk cleaning mechanism includes an inclined setting from low to high Cotton conveying channel, in which there are at least two thorn rollers (5) connected from low to high, and the thorn rollers extend radially on the roller body with rotatable roller bodies and space Consisting of spikes; the side of the lowest-level spike roller away from other spike rollers is tangentially provided with a conveying channel input port with the opening facing downward, and a miscellaneous discharge port (1) is provided directly below; the highest-grade spike roller is far away from the One side of the other nailing rollers is provided with an output port with the opening facing downward through the horizontal extension of the conveying channel; between the input port and the output port, there are stalk row grids (6) that form a semi-surrounding of the nailing rollers at all levels, The stalk grids at all levels are composed of brackets forming the edge frame, strip-shaped flapping grids fixed on the brackets at intervals parallel to the axis of the spike roller, and arc-shaped grid bars concentric with the spike roller. The grids are connected by smooth transition angle plates. 3. The brush-roller cotton harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: a trash removal comb (11) with comb teeth facing the outer circle of the first-stage toothed roller is installed under the beating bar at the first-stage toothed roller. 4. The brush-roller cotton harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: a row guide plate (15) is installed between the second-stage toothed roller and the third-stage toothed roller, and the row guide plate has a The comb teeth of the roll and the knife edge facing the third-stage toothed roll. 5. The brush-roller cotton harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: one side of the first-stage toothed roller, the second-stage toothed roller and the third-stage toothed roller are respectively equipped with upper hairs located below the entrance side. brush, a middle brush at the lower end of the inclined upper guide, and a lower brush at the lower end of the inclined lower guide. 6. The brush-roll cotton harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: the comb teeth of the row guide plate and the knife edge are transitionally connected by a smooth surface concentric with the lower brush roller. 7. The brush-roller type cotton harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: said nailing roller is composed of a rotatable roller body with an octagonal cross-section and uniformly distributed circumferentially and axially equidistant Consists of radially extending spikes distributed on the roller body. 8. The brush-roll type cotton picker according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the picking platform is a brush-roll type picking platform, comprising at least a pair of cone-shaped cones mounted on the front end of the picking platform. A grain divider, a picking head is installed behind the grain divider, and the picking head contains a pair of left and right brush rollers with the same speed and reverse rotation supported on the picking platform, the left and right brushes A group of radially extending brush plates are distributed around the roller, longitudinal screw conveyors with V-shaped joint grooves are respectively installed under the outer sides of the left and right brush rollers, and a pair of basic brush plates are installed under the inner sides of the left and right brush rollers. The horizontally supported left and right anti-extraction rollers rotate in opposite directions at the same speed, and the circumferential distribution of the left and right anti-extraction rollers has anti-extraction teeth extending radially.