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CN104177195A - Special fertilizer for foliage spraying type flowers and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Special fertilizer for foliage spraying type flowers and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104177195A
CN104177195A CN201410459943.0A CN201410459943A CN104177195A CN 104177195 A CN104177195 A CN 104177195A CN 201410459943 A CN201410459943 A CN 201410459943A CN 104177195 A CN104177195 A CN 104177195A
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sulfate
fertilizer
preparation
foliage
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Inventor
刘立鹤
杜国扬
陈玉波
韦祥银
李晗
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BIOMAX ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING Ltd BY SHARE Ltd
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BIOMAX ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING Ltd BY SHARE Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

The invention discloses a special fertilizer for foliage spraying type flowers and a preparation method thereof. The special fertilizer is prepared by adding 1% by volume of bacillus in biogas slurry, performing stationary flocculation and centrifugation, and then taking the supernatant as the mother liquid in which the following components are added: 0.3-6g/L of urea, 0.2-15g/L of sucrose, 0.2-3g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-3g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-3g/L of borax, 0.01-0.8g/L of manganese sulfate, 0.1-3g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.5-1g/L of zinc sulfate, 0.03-0.4g/L of copper sulfate, 0.03-0.6g/L of alum, 0.002-0.05g/L of 6-benzylamino adenine, 0.015-0.02g/L of sodium alginate and 0.002-0.5g/L of chitin. The special fertilizer has balanced nutrition, unique functions, low osmotic pressure and no fertilizer harm, and can be identified fragrantly and directly sprayed to the foliages of flowers without dilution.

Description

A kind of foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to gardening fertilizer and production technical field thereof, relate in particular to foliar spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer formula and manufacture craft.
Background technology
Flowers product has become the staple commodities of world commerce.World flower has formed the three large consumer centers, with the EU member country headed by Germany, with the north America region headed by the U.S. with the Asia headed by Japan, Hong-Kong.Wherein, the flowers consumption maximum of EU member country, import volume accounts for 80% left and right of world commerce, and the U.S. accounts for 13%, and Japan accounts for 6%.The beginning of this century, the world flower volume of trade reaches 2,000 hundred million dollars, and wherein fresh cutting flower accounts for 60%, little potted flower accounts for 30%, ornamental plant accounts for 10%.Enter 21 century, the overall steady-state growth of total situation of global flowers consumption and trade.Flowers are novel industries of rising rapidly as China, and domestic market scale and foreign trade are also in rapid expansion.According to customs statistics data, approximately 3.5 hundred million dollars of China's s Cut Flower Export total values in 2008.Nearly 1.44 hundred million dollars of the flower export amount of money, the value of imports exceedes 0.89 hundred million dollar, and Zhejiang, Guangdong, Yunnan, Fujian and Shanghai flower export account for 80% of China's flower export total value; The potted plant outlet in Fujian Province and Guangdong Province also accounts for 80% of national export amount.
Flowers not only can be appreciated, alleviating fatigue, the happy feelings that ease off the pressure, nourish one's nature, and can also play the effect that purifies living space.Flowers have become the medium that transmits friendship, expresses wish in human communication, progressively become " standard configuration " of working healthily, fine household.Therefore, office, household flower planting are the trend increasing progressively of breaking out in recent years, and China has become the country of flower culture area maximum, and the demand of floral special-purpose fertilizer is also grown with each passing day.Compare solid-state fertilizer for flower, liquid fertilizer has that production cost is low, energy consumption is low, production process is without any discharge, zero pollutes, no matter be that clear liquid fertilizer or suspension fertilizer can ensure to obtain consistent analytical results with a collection of product various piece, and can accomplish that compared with solid fertilizer various nutrients itself, chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, weedicide, agrochemical mix equably, formula is easily adjusted, convenient accurately fertilising, more can add other agrochemicals.More and more be subject to the common concern of various countries.For example, U.S.'s liquid fertilizer accounts for the more than 15% of composite fertilizer's total amount, accounts for 30% left and right of chemical fertilizer total amount.At present, the market share of domestic flower leaf leaven is less than normal, but development potentiality and space are huge.
Current existing fertilizer for flower patent is also few, mainly concentrates in the nutrient substance proportioning of broad spectrum type foliage fertilizer and flowers specialty foliage fertilizer (as multielement composite foliage fertilizer series product preparation: 98114513.2; A kind of flower leaf leaven C05G3/00 (2006.01) I; Nutritive soil mate for indoor flower 200510040072.X) and foliage fertilizer (microorganism state preparation foliage fertilizer of a kind of indoor potted flower and preparation method thereof 201110041155.6 of specific nutrient (a kind of selenium-enriched foliar fertilizer special for honeysuckle flower and preparation method thereof 201110275770.3) and design part microorganism; A kind of composite microbial foliar fertilizer spraying agent and using method 201010590306.9 thereof).
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the problem and shortage of above-mentioned existing existence, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer and preparation method thereof, had balanced in nutrition, function uniqueness, Hyposmolality, without fertilizer damage, need not dilute the flowers blade face special fertilizer that can directly spray.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer, in the liquid of natural pond, add the genus bacillus of 1% volume, and through leaving standstill flocculation and centrifugal after, get supernatant liquor as mother liquor, in this mother liquor, also add following component:
Urea 0.3~6g/L;
Sucrose 0.2~15g/L;
Potassium primary phosphate 0.2~3g/L;
Magnesium sulfate 0.1~3g/L;
Borax 0.2~3g/L;
Manganous sulfate 0.01~0.8g/L;
Ferrous sulfate 0.1~3g/L;
Zinc sulfate 0.5~1g/L;
Copper sulfate 0.03~0.4g/L;
Alum 0.03~0.6g/L;
6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.002-0.05g/L;
Sodium alginate 0.015-0.02g/L;
Chitin 0.002-0.5g/L.
As preferably, the colloid bacillus cereus that described genus bacillus is 1% and the mixture of bacillus polymyxa, total count > 1,000,000,000/ml, and the bacterium of single microbial inoculum is counted > 300,000,000/ml.
As preferably, also contain the floral extract of 1:5000 ~ 10000 compared with cumulative volume, this floral extract is the micro-extract extracting from Flower of Aztec Marigold, orchid, rose, tree peony or lavandula angustifolia by steam distillation.
Preferably, described natural pond liquid is from the dry by product of producing alcohol technique of cassava.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method that a kind of above-mentioned floral special-purpose fertilizer is also provided, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mother liquor preparation: add total count to be greater than the genus bacillus of 1,000,000,000/ml in the liquid of natural pond, mix rear leaving standstill and exceed after 24h, carry out biofloculation processing and draw supernatant liquor, supernatant liquor is put into whizzer and carry out centrifugal treating, get its supernatant liquor as mother liquor;
(2) nutrition preparation: mention as benchmark taking mother liquor, add successively urea 0.3-6g/L, sucrose 0.2-15g/L, potassium primary phosphate 0.2-4g/L, monocalcium phosphate 0.2-3 g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.1-3 g/L, borax 0.2-3g/L, manganous sulfate 0.01-0.8 g/L, ferrous sulfate 0.1-3 g/L, zinc sulfate 0.5-1g/L and copper sulfate 0.03-0.4 g/L, add 0.03-0.6g/L alum, after mixing fully, static more than 12 hours at 4 ± 1 DEG C;
(3) foliage fertilizer stoste preparation: in the nutritive medium that continues to obtain in step (2), the 6-benzyl aminoadenine of 0.002-0.05g/L successively, 0.015-0.02g/L sodium alginate, 0.002-0.5g/L chitin, fully dissolves, and obtains foliage fertilizer stoste;
(4) perfuming is filling: utilize aerosol distillation mode, according to 1:(5000 ~ 10000) ratio, respectively by the micro-extract extracting from flowers such as Flower of Aztec Marigold, orchid, rose, tree peony, lavandula angustifolias, inject flower leaf leaven stoste, fully vibration, leave standstill after 4 hours, regulate pH to 5.5 ~ 7.5, complete.
As preferably, in step (1), the rotating speed of whizzer is 3000~6000rpm, and centrifugation time is 5min.
The present invention has advantages of: adopted Hyposmolality, high absorption, without the formula thinking of fertilizer damage, utilize existing alcohol, starch, molasses, the industrial natural pond such as yeast liquid, by adding colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus polymyxa, mix, leave standstill 24-48 hour, make it after biofloculation processing, draw supernatant liquor, be placed in low speed centrifuge, 3000-6000rpm low-speed centrifugal 5min, get its supernatant liquor as configuration mother liquor, then secondary adds nutrition, functional configuration, form to make and there is the serial foliar spray type flowers foliage fertilizer series product directly spraying with fragrance identification.Compared with currently available products, have balanced in nutrition, function uniqueness, Hyposmolality, without fertilizer damage, need not dilute, the flowers blade face special fertilizer that can directly spray.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the amendment of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
Main preparation technology's flow process of foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) mother liquor configuration: with industrial natural pond liquid such as existing alcohol, starch, molasses, yeast, add 1% colloid bacillus cereus, (total count is greater than 1,000,000,000/ML to bacillus polymyxa, single microbial inoculum is more than or equal to 300,000,000/ML), after mixing, leave standstill 24-48 hour, carry out after biofloculation processing, draw supernatant liquor, be placed in low speed centrifuge, 3000-6000rpm low-speed centrifugal 5min, gets its supernatant liquor as configuration mother liquor;
(2) nutrition configuration: taking mother liquor volume as benchmark, add successively urea 0.3-6g/L, sucrose 0.2-15g/L, potassium primary phosphate 0.2-4g/L, monocalcium phosphate 0.2-3 g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.1-3 g/L, borax 0.2-3g/L, manganous sulfate 0.01-0.8 g/L, ferrous sulfate 0.1-3 g/L, zinc sulfate 0.5-1g/L and copper sulfate 0.03-0.4 g/L, add 0.03-0.6g/L alum, mix fully, in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, static 12 hours;
(3) foliage fertilizer stoste preparation: take out by volume weight ratio, add successively the 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) of 0.002-0.05g/L, sodium alginate 0.015-0.02g/L, chitin 0.002-0.5g/L fully dissolves, and obtains foliage fertilizer stoste;
(4) perfuming is filling: utilize aerosol distillation mode, according to 1:(5000 ~ 10000) ratio, respectively by the micro-extract (steam distillation) extracting from flowers such as Flower of Aztec Marigold, orchid, rose, tree peony, lavandula angustifolias, inject flower leaf leaven stoste, fully vibration, leave standstill after 4 hours, regulate pH to 5.5 ~ 7.5, be filled into watering can.
Blade face spray examination type floral special-purpose fertilizer principal feature prepared by the present invention has: comprehensive nutrition equilibrium, and fertilizer efficiency is high, and instant effect is low-consuming, improves output and improves quality; Strengthen disease-resistant, pest-resistant, the drought resisting of flowers, the anti-adversity ability such as waterlogging-resistant, cold-resistant, resistant to lodging; Probiotics product, safety is effective again, and green non-pollution is healthy nuisanceless.When use, directly spray, 2-3 time weekly, moistening with blade face, leaf margin does not drip and is advisable; The time that sprays with at 9 o'clock in the morning before and after at 16 o'clock in afternoon, be advisable, after spraying, plant should be placed on to shady and cool ventilation place, be sure not using under afternoon exposure in sunshine; This fertilizer should use the temperature environment of 20-30 DEG C, is sure not in envrionment temperature lower than 15 DEG C or uses during higher than 35 DEG C, in order to avoid flowers are damaged; Select fine day sooner or later to spray when calm or gentle breeze, avoid intense light irradiation, high temperature and strong wind rainy weather.
Natural pond of the present invention liquid is mainly the by product in the industrial production such as existing alcohol, starch, molasses, yeast.Now doing by cassava the source that produces alcohol technique and illustrate natural pond liquid, is below concrete technology flow process:
A) cassava is dry: from Thailand or Vietnam's import, moisture is dry 10% cassava;
B) impurity removing: carry out preliminary removal of impurities to cassava is dry, go out foreign material and the metallic objects such as clod, stone, rope;
C) raw material pulverizing: in order to reduce cooking time, be convenient to mechanize, production, improve spirit yield.The dry moisture of cassava is low, and starch content is high, easily broken, adopts one-level to pulverize, negative pressure feeding;
D) spice is precooked: spice stilling chamber water coolant, water temperature is controlled at 70 DEG C of left and right.Temperature is low, and when heating, greatly, unfavorable to the even gelatinization of raw material, temperature is high, feed liquid thickness in vibrations.Material-water ratio example is controlled between 1:2.5-3, after spice completes, adds a-amylase (addition is 0.2L/t starch material) liquefaction 15min, and main purpose is to reduce the viscosity of the wine with dregs of precooking, and makes it to be conducive to thick mash fermentation;
E) boiling: after having liquefied, mash is warming up to 92 DEG C rapidly, more than boiling 90min.Boiling wine with dregs is micro-yellow, and not containing particle, timing detects chemical examination;
F) saccharification: the diluent that is first ready to 20 times of saccharifying enzyme, again cooking liquor is entered via vacuum cooler in the saccharifying tank of thoroughly cooling and sterilization, controlling temperature is 58 DEG C-60 DEG C, add saccharifying enzyme by 100u/g feedstream simultaneously and carry out saccharification, time is 30min, and saccharification index is: total reducing sugar 10-13; Total reducing sugars 5-6; Conversion coefficient 45%; Acidity 4.3;
G) fermentation: pump in fermentor tank after mellow solution of saccharification is cooling; add 10% yeast wash to ferment simultaneously; leavening temperature 30-34 DEG C; fermentation time is controlled at 50h; fermenting-ripening wine with dregs detects index: acidity≤6.2; residual sugar≤1%, remaining reducing sugar≤0.3%, ethanol content 10-12% (v/v);
H) distillation process: fermenting-ripening mash is after preheater heating, enter from topping still top, at the bottom of topping still tower, pass into steam, controlling thick tower column bottom temperature is 108 DEG C-110 DEG C, head temperature is 96 DEG C-98 DEG C, and alcohol tank liquid enters sewage work from the eliminating of topping still bottom and processes.The crude alcohol steam of ethanol content approximately 50% enters rectifying tower middle part from topping still top; rectifier bottoms temperature is 108 DEG C-109 DEG C; middle part temperature is 84 DEG C-85 DEG C; carry out rectifying; rectifier bottoms waste water enters sewage farm; and then make finished product through operations such as washing, dealcoholysis, finished product alcohol and potato spirit are respectively through the cooling finished product storage tank that enters;
I) anaerobically fermenting: microbial cellulase, amylase, proteolytic enzyme and lipase etc., organic substance is carried out to enzymolysis, polysaccharide hydrolysis is become to monose (or disaccharide), fat is changed into glycerine and lipid acid, namely solid-state organism is changed into water-soluble material.Under the effect of intracellular enzyme, change into low molecular compound, as lower fatty acid etc., in wherein main volatile acid (comprising acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid etc.), acetic acid proportion maximum.In anaerobic fermentation process, produce ammonium bacteria amount reproduction, improved ammonia nitrogen concentration, redox-potential reduces, for methanobacteria provides adapt circumstance condition.Under the effect of methanobacteria, will finally be converted into methane;
J) solid-liquid separation: utilize high pressure filtering equipment, by the solid-liquid separation in the liquid of natural pond, obtain manioc waste, manioc waste water ratio 70% left and right, can be used as the raw material of organic fertilizer;
K) aerobic fermentation: add by travelling belt in the hot ezyme bio-reactor of Biomax80000L or 22000L, add starter BM1 according to the thousandth of material weight in wet base total amount, after hot enzyme treater is opened, fermentation technique parameter (rotating speed is set, ventilation frequency, temperature of charge etc.), rotating speed is 3rpm, ventilation frequency is for opening 10min, stop 50min, temperature of charge is controlled at 70-80 DEG C, barrel temperature is controlled at 110-120 DEG C, the variation of fermenting process timely monitor material moisture, moisture content is in the time of 40% left and right, stop boiler heating, treat that material moisture is down to 35% discharging, can be used as fertilizer finished product.
1) dry: utilize heat energy that material moisture is dried to 10% left and right, can be used as feedstuff raw material.
In above-mentioned technical process, it is manioc waste that solid-liquid separation step obtains solid-state, and liquid state is exactly natural pond liquid.

Claims (6)

1. a foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer, is characterized in that: in the liquid of natural pond, add the genus bacillus of 1% volume, and through leaving standstill flocculation and centrifugal after, get supernatant liquor as mother liquor, in this mother liquor, also add following component:
Urea 0.3~6g/L;
Sucrose 0.2~15g/L;
Potassium primary phosphate 0.2~3g/L;
Magnesium sulfate 0.1~3g/L;
Borax 0.2~3g/L;
Manganous sulfate 0.01~0.8g/L;
Ferrous sulfate 0.1~3g/L;
Zinc sulfate 0.5~1g/L;
Copper sulfate 0.03~0.4g/L;
Alum 0.03~0.6g/L;
6-benzyl aminoadenine 0.002-0.05g/L;
Sodium alginate 0.015-0.02g/L;
Chitin 0.002-0.5g/L.
2. foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the colloid bacillus cereus that described genus bacillus is 1% and the mixture of bacillus polymyxa, total count > 1,000,000,000/ml, and the bacterium of single microbial inoculum is counted > 300,000,000/ml.
3. foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: also contain the floral extract of 1:5000 ~ 10000 compared with cumulative volume, this floral extract is the micro-extract extracting from Flower of Aztec Marigold, orchid, rose, tree peony or lavandula angustifolia by steam distillation.
4. foliage-spray type floral special-purpose fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described natural pond liquid is from the dry by product of producing alcohol technique of cassava.
5. a preparation method for the arbitrary described floral special-purpose fertilizer of claim 1~4, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) mother liquor preparation: add total count to be greater than the genus bacillus of 1,000,000,000/ml in the liquid of natural pond, mix rear leaving standstill and exceed after 24h, carry out biofloculation processing and draw supernatant liquor, supernatant liquor is put into whizzer and carry out centrifugal treating, get its supernatant liquor as mother liquor;
(2) nutrition preparation: mention as benchmark taking mother liquor, add successively urea 0.3-6g/L, sucrose 0.2-15g/L, potassium primary phosphate 0.2-4g/L, monocalcium phosphate 0.2-3 g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.1-3 g/L, borax 0.2-3g/L, manganous sulfate 0.01-0.8 g/L, ferrous sulfate 0.1-3 g/L, zinc sulfate 0.5-1g/L and copper sulfate 0.03-0.4 g/L, add 0.03-0.6g/L alum, after mixing fully, static more than 12 hours at 4 ± 1 DEG C;
(3) foliage fertilizer stoste preparation: in the nutritive medium that continues to obtain in step (2), the 6-benzyl aminoadenine of 0.002-0.05g/L successively, 0.015-0.02g/L sodium alginate, 0.002-0.5g/L chitin, fully dissolves, and obtains foliage fertilizer stoste;
(4) perfuming is filling: utilize aerosol distillation mode, according to 1:(5000 ~ 10000) ratio, respectively by the micro-extract extracting from flowers such as Flower of Aztec Marigold, orchid, rose, tree peony, lavandula angustifolias, inject flower leaf leaven stoste, fully vibration, leave standstill after 4 hours, regulate pH to 5.5 ~ 7.5, complete.
6. the preparation method of floral special-purpose fertilizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in step (1), the rotating speed of whizzer is 3000~6000rpm, and centrifugation time is 5min.
CN201410459943.0A 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Special fertilizer for foliage spraying type flowers and preparation method thereof Pending CN104177195A (en)

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CN105152710A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-12-16 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 Powdery foliar fertilizer prepared through milk fermentation and preparation method of powdery foliar fertilizer
CN105152805A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-12-16 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 Mineral foliar fertilizer suitable for fruit trees and preparation method of fertilizer
CN105254371A (en) * 2015-11-06 2016-01-20 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 Medium trace element fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN105541455A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-05-04 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 Efficient fertilizer contributing to reduction of vegetable pesticide residue and preparation method of fertilizer
CN105917979A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-09-07 成都森洁商贸有限公司 Operation method for grafting peonies
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CN106365722A (en) * 2016-08-23 2017-02-01 扬州润年农业科技有限公司 Color-enhancing and yield-increasing foliar fertilizer specially used for purple brassica campestris
CN107602230A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-01-19 青岛科光生物技术有限公司 A kind of chitosan oligosaccharide chelated middle trace element water-soluble fertilizer of alginic acid and preparation method thereof
CN108147895A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-12 安徽农业大学 A kind of blade face spray that bud flood corn offspring is promoted to increase
CN108503471A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-09-07 界首市沃土生物科技有限公司 A kind of crop foliage fertilizer and preparation method thereof
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CN112450216B (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-03-22 上海市园林科学规划研究院 Spray agent for magnolia denudata and preparation and use methods thereof
CN112552118A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-03-26 方连明 Selenium-rich foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof

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