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CN104091909A - Hard plastic-containing composite polymer fiber diaphragm - Google Patents

Hard plastic-containing composite polymer fiber diaphragm Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104091909A
CN104091909A CN201410287982.7A CN201410287982A CN104091909A CN 104091909 A CN104091909 A CN 104091909A CN 201410287982 A CN201410287982 A CN 201410287982A CN 104091909 A CN104091909 A CN 104091909A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
barrier film
diaphragm
electrostatic spinning
hard plastic
polymeric matrix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201410287982.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王丹
荣常如
于力娜
赵中令
张克金
陈慧明
张斌
崔新然
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FAW Group Corp
Original Assignee
FAW Group Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FAW Group Corp filed Critical FAW Group Corp
Priority to CN201410287982.7A priority Critical patent/CN104091909A/en
Publication of CN104091909A publication Critical patent/CN104091909A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411Organic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/44Fibrous material
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hard plastic-containing composite polymer fiber diaphragm which is characterized by being prepared through the following concrete steps: a diaphragm is formed through electrostatic spinning by adopting a polymeric matrix and fillers, firstly the polymeric matrix is dissolved in one or a mixed solvent of acetone, NMP (N-Methyl Pyrrolidone) and DMF (Dimethyl Formamide), a solution with the polymer/solvent weight ratio of 0.15-0.30 is prepared through the acetone, the NMP and the DMF with a ratio of (0-1) to (0-1) to (0-1), polymer granules which are insoluble in the solvent are added, the fillers are uniformly dispersed in the polymeric matrix solution by ultrasonication, mechanical stirring and the like, a diaphragm is prepared by spraying the dispersion solution through electrostatic spinning, the voltage adopted for the electrostatic spinning is 18-22kV, the collection distance is 17-18cm, and the spinning speed is 0.08-0.1mL; a large-area diaphragm is obtained by adopting a method of simultaneous spinning of array pin heads. According to the hard plastic-containing composite polymer fiber diaphragm, the mechanical property of the diaphragm is improved through the added polymer granules, and the obtained diaphragm has the relatively high porosity and is favorable to the diffuse transmission of electrolyte ions; when the internal temperature of a battery is continuously increased, the polymer granules are in a molten state, the transmission of the electrolyte ions can be further obstructed, so that the chemical reaction of the battery is reduced, and the safety of the battery is enhanced.

Description

A kind of composite polymer fibers barrier film that contains hard plastic
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite polymer fibers barrier film that contains hard plastic, be applied to the barrier film of automobile power cell, belong to technical field of new energies.
Background technology
Energy-conservation and the new-energy automobile such as hybrid electric vehicle, pure electric automobile and fuel-cell vehicle becomes reasonable evolutionary path.But security reliability, life-span, continual mileage, cost and public facility etc. have greatly limited the fast development of new-energy automobile, this is wherein especially the most key with technological break-through and the scale application of electrokinetic cell.Lithium ion battery has that specific energy is high, operating voltage is high, self-discharge rate is little, advantages of environment protection, is new-energy automobile ideal power battery.But owing to using liquid electrolyte solution, make lithium ion battery have potential safety hazard, limited its large-scale promotion on automobile.As one of critical component of barrier film lithium battery, the security performance of battery is played an important role.
Barrier film between both positive and negative polarity has electrolyte ion transmission channel, prevents the effect of both positive and negative polarity contact short circuit.But current used TPO barrier film melting closed porosity in the time that battery temperature is too high intercepts the transmission of electrolyte ion, evades security risk; But because the heat resistance of polyolefin itself is poor, along with the sharply rising of temperature, the protection that polyolefin polymers forms is destroyed, and loses defencive function; And after polyalkene diaphragm itself punctured by impurity (or Zhi Jing) etc., can make equally potential safety hazard sharply increase.
This because barrier film destroys the safety problem causing in order to change, people have carried out a series of research, on the one hand, to existing diagram modification, improve barrier film mechanical performance and heat resistance, for example membrane surface coating inorganic particle or polymer and inorganic particulate are made composite material (for example US 8409746 B2, EP 2528139 A2, EP 2528142 A2, US7691529 B2, US 20130065132 A1); On the other hand, higher with temperature resistant grade, the better polymer of mechanical performance is prepared barrier film (for example publication number CN 101645497A, publication number CN 101420018A, application publication number CN 101752539 A, application publication number CN 101752540 A), can there is the reaction (for example publication number US2012/0295154 A1) of similar closed pore effect as the polymeric material of barrier film itself, or add (for example publication number CN 101656306A, publication number US2013/0022858 A1) such as other polymer that can realize closed pore effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite polymer fibers barrier film that contains hard plastic, this barrier film is formed by electrostatic spinning by polymeric matrix and filler, is conducive to the diffusion transport of electrolyte ion; Reduce the chemical reaction of battery, improve the fail safe of battery.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of composite polymer fibers barrier film that contains hard plastic, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows: barrier film is formed by electrostatic spinning by polymeric matrix and filler, first polymeric matrix is dissolved in acetone, NMP, one in DMF or combination solvent, polymer/solvent mass ratio=0.15~0.30 is made in acetone/NMP/DMF=0~1/0~1/0~1) solution, add the polymer beads that is insoluble to this solvent, utilize ultrasonic, mechanical agitation etc. are dispersed in uniform filling in Polymers liquid solution, dispersion liquid is sprayed and is made barrier film by electrostatic spinning, be that electrostatic spinning employing voltage is 18kV ~ 22kV, collecting distance is 17cm ~ 18cm, spinning speed is 0.08mL ~ 0.1mL, method by the spinning simultaneously of array syringe needle obtains large-area barrier film.
Described polymeric matrix is a kind of in Kynoar, Kynoar-hexafluoropropylene, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Pluronic F-127 or their its mass ratio 0~1/0~1 of combination).
Described filler is the above polymer beads of 180 DEG C of melt temperatures, is polyether-ketone, polyether-ether-ketone, polyether ether ketone ketone, a kind of in polyetherketoneetherketoneketone, polybenzothiozole, polybenzimidazoles, polyphenylene sulfide or their combination.
Good effect of the present invention is to adopt electrostatic spinning technique that polymeric matrix and polymer particles particulate filler are made to barrier film, the polymer beads adding has improved the mechanical performance of barrier film, the barrier film obtaining has higher porosity, is conducive to the diffusion transport of electrolyte ion; When internal temperature of battery continues to raise, polymer beads, in molten condition, can further stop the transmission of electrolyte ion, reduces the chemical reaction of battery, the fail safe that improves battery.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is barrier film preparation flow figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the photo of barrier film each heating 1h under 90 DEG C, 135 DEG C, 165 DEG C environment of embodiments of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the barrier film SEM photo of embodiments of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described, described embodiment is the specific descriptions to claim of the present invention just, and claim includes but not limited to described embodiment content.
Embodiment 1
(1), as Fig. 1 is dissolved in 6.0g PVDF-HFP in 40g acetone, through heating 35 DEG C~45 DEG C, strong stirring 4h, fully dissolve; (2) add ultra-fine polyether ether ketone ketone 0.60g, continue to be heated to hard particles dispersed in slurry, stir 6h; Obtain dispersed electrostatic spinning solution preferably; (3) microporous barrier that is 25um by thickness is fixed on the rotating shaft of spinning-drawing machine, is 18KV by the spinning solution in (2) at direct voltage, and collecting distance is 18cm, and flow velocity is under 0.1mL/min condition, electrostatic spinning; (4) take off film by after its high temperature roll-in, at 70 DEG C of vacuum drying 2h.The barrier film of preparing with this embodiment has carried out heat shrinkage test.As can be seen from Figure 2: this barrier film is almost without shrinking at 90 DEG C, 135 DEG C and 165 DEG C, and this barrier film thermal endurance is good as seen, can improve the security performance of battery.
Embodiment 2
(1) 6.0g Kynoar-hexafluoropropylene is dissolved in 20gDMF and 20g acetone, through heating, strong stirring, treats that it fully dissolves; (2) add the polyether-ether-ketone 0.2g of particle diameter 100 μ m to (1), continue heating, stir 8h, obtain dispersed electrostatic spinning solution preferably; (3) be 22KV by the spinning solution in (2) at direct voltage, collecting distance is 18cm, and flow velocity is under 0.08mL/min condition, electrostatic spinning; (4) take off film by after its high temperature roll-in, at 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 2h.
Embodiment 3
(1) 6.0g Kynoar-hexafluoropropylene is dissolved in 38g acetone, through heating, strong stirring, treats that it fully dissolves; (2) add the polyether-ketone of particle diameter 120 μ m and the mixture 0.60g of polybenzimidazoles to (1), continue heating, stir 8h; (3) be 21KV by the spinning solution in (2) at direct voltage, collecting distance is 17cm, and flow velocity is under 0.1mL/min condition, electrostatic spinning; (5) take off film by after its high temperature roll-in, at 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 2h.
Embodiment 4
(1) 6.0g Kynoar is dissolved in 20g NMP and 20g acetone, through heating, strong stirring, treats that it fully dissolves; (2) add the polyphenylene sulfide of particle diameter 100 μ m and the mixture 0.6g of polybenzimidazoles to (1), continue heating, stir 8h, obtain dispersed electrostatic spinning solution preferably; (3) be 20KV by the spinning solution in (2) at direct voltage, collecting distance is 18cm, and flow velocity is under 0.1mL/min condition, electrostatic spinning; (4) take off film by after its high temperature roll-in, at 75 DEG C of vacuum drying 2h.
Embodiment 5
(1) 6.0g Kynoar-hexafluoropropylene is dissolved in 40g NMP, through heating, strong stirring, treats that it fully dissolves; (2) add the polyetherketoneetherketoneketone of particle diameter 100 μ m and the mixture 0.35g of polybenzothiozole to (1), continue heating, stir 8h, obtain dispersed electrostatic spinning solution preferably; (3) be 18KV by the spinning solution in (2) at direct voltage, collecting distance is 17.5cm, and flow velocity is under 0.1mL/min condition, electrostatic spinning; (4) take off film by after its high temperature roll-in, at 75 DEG C of vacuum drying 2h.

Claims (3)

1. a composite polymer fibers barrier film that contains hard plastic, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows: barrier film is formed by electrostatic spinning by polymeric matrix and filler, first polymeric matrix is dissolved in acetone, NMP, one in DMF or combination solvent, the solution of polymer/solvent mass ratio=0.15~0.30 is made in acetone/NMP/DMF=0~1/0~1/0~1, add the polymer beads that is insoluble to this solvent, utilize ultrasonic, mechanical agitation etc. are dispersed in uniform filling in Polymers liquid solution, dispersion liquid is sprayed and is made barrier film by electrostatic spinning, be that electrostatic spinning employing voltage is 18kV ~ 22kV, collecting distance is 17cm ~ 18cm, spinning speed is 0.08mL ~ 0.1mL, method by the spinning simultaneously of array syringe needle obtains large-area barrier film.
2. a kind of composite polymer fibers barrier film that contains hard plastic according to claim 1, is characterized in that described polymeric matrix is a kind of in Kynoar, Kynoar-hexafluoropropylene, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Pluronic F-127 or their its mass ratio 0~1/0~1 of combination.
3. a kind of composite polymer fibers barrier film that contains hard plastic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described filler is 180 DEG C of above polymer beads of melt temperature, for polyether-ketone, polyether-ether-ketone, polyether ether ketone ketone, a kind of in polyetherketoneetherketoneketone, polybenzothiozole, polybenzimidazoles, polyphenylene sulfide or their combination.
CN201410287982.7A 2014-06-25 2014-06-25 Hard plastic-containing composite polymer fiber diaphragm Pending CN104091909A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410287982.7A CN104091909A (en) 2014-06-25 2014-06-25 Hard plastic-containing composite polymer fiber diaphragm

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107046118A (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-08-15 武汉大学 Secondary cell security barrier film and preparation method thereof
CN108899459A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-27 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Preparation method of lithium ion battery diaphragm

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101192681A (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-04 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Device and method for directly compounding nanofiber separator on electrode surface of lithium ion battery
WO2012018676A1 (en) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-09 Celgard, Llc Ultra high melt temperature microporous high temperature battery separators and related methods
CN102668173A (en) * 2009-11-03 2012-09-12 阿莫绿色技术有限公司 Heat-resistant and high-tenacity ultrafine fibrous separation layer, method for manufacturing same, and secondary cell using same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101192681A (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-04 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Device and method for directly compounding nanofiber separator on electrode surface of lithium ion battery
CN102668173A (en) * 2009-11-03 2012-09-12 阿莫绿色技术有限公司 Heat-resistant and high-tenacity ultrafine fibrous separation layer, method for manufacturing same, and secondary cell using same
WO2012018676A1 (en) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-09 Celgard, Llc Ultra high melt temperature microporous high temperature battery separators and related methods

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107046118A (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-08-15 武汉大学 Secondary cell security barrier film and preparation method thereof
CN107046118B (en) * 2017-04-07 2019-09-10 武汉大学 Secondary cell safety diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN108899459A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-27 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Preparation method of lithium ion battery diaphragm

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Application publication date: 20141008