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CN104025354B - 燃料电池系统 - Google Patents

燃料电池系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104025354B
CN104025354B CN201180076080.3A CN201180076080A CN104025354B CN 104025354 B CN104025354 B CN 104025354B CN 201180076080 A CN201180076080 A CN 201180076080A CN 104025354 B CN104025354 B CN 104025354B
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fuel cell
control unit
load
transducer
secondary cell
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CN201180076080.3A
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CN104025354A (zh
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真锅晃太
田野裕
金子智彦
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
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    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by AC motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
    • H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种燃料电池系统，具备燃料电池及二次电池作为向负载的电力供给源，在通常运转时，第1控制部使第1转换器(燃料电池侧升压转换器)控制燃料电池的输出电压，并且第2控制部使第2转换器(二次电池侧升压转换器)控制向第1负载侧的输出电压，而在二次电池的异常发生时，第1控制部使第1转换器控制该第1转换器的输出电压，并且第2控制部使所述第2转换器控制向第2负载侧的输出电压。

Description

燃料电池系统
技术领域
本发明涉及具备燃料电池及二次电池作为向负载的电力供给源的燃料电池系统。
背景技术
一直以来，已知有将燃料电池和二次电池这2个作为电力供给源的燃料电池系统、搭载有这样的燃料电池系统的燃料电池车辆。例如，专利文献1的燃料电池系统具备与负载并联连接的燃料电池用的转换器和二次电池用的转换器这2个转换器，为了向负载稳定地供给电力，而使这2个转换器协同动作。
在这种燃料电池系统中，当燃料电池用的转换器发生动作不良而来自燃料电池的输出减少时，为了弥补该减少量而来自二次电池的输出增大，在上述情况下，当二次电池的放电量超过允许量时，可能会导致与过放电相伴的不良情况。
对于这样的不良情况，在专利文献1中公开了如下的技术：在判定为燃料电池用的转换器为动作不良时，将从逆变器向负载供给的输出电力的上限限制为燃料电池用的转换器的输出电力以下，由此抑制从二次电池的过放电。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2010-135258号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
然而，在具备燃料电池用的转换器和二次电池用的转换器的燃料电池系统中，构成为相对于负载的变动起到缓冲的作用的二次电池用的转换器控制向逆变器的输入电压，因此当二次电池发生故障等异常而二次电池与逆变器之间的电源路径被切断时，无法控制向逆变器的输入电压，难以仅利用燃料电池使负载稳定地运转。
作为其一例，在搭载有燃料电池系统的燃料电池车辆中，难以仅利用燃料电池使驱动电动机稳定地运转并由此自力向退避场所移动。
本发明鉴于上述情况而作出，目的在于提供一种即使在二次电池的异常发生时也能够进行仅基于燃料电池的负载的稳定运转的燃料电池系统。
用于解决课题的手段
为了实现上述目的，本发明的燃料电池系统具备燃料电池及二次电池作为向负载的电力供给源，其中，
所述燃料电池系统具备：
燃料电池电力供给路径，将所述燃料电池和第1负载连接；
第1转换器，设置在所述燃料电池电力供给路径上，能够对所述燃料电池的输出进行升压；
第1二次电池电力供给路径，将所述二次电池连接于所述燃料电池电力供给路径上的第1连接点，所述第1连接点位于比所述第1转换器靠所述第1负载侧处；
第2转换器，设置在所述第1二次电池电力供给路径上，能够对所述二次电池的输出进行升压；
第2二次电池电力供给路径，将第2负载连接于所述第1二次电池电力供给路径上的第2连接点，所述第2连接点位于所述第2转换器和所述二次电池之间；
第1控制部，控制所述第1转换器；以及
第2控制部，控制所述第2转换器，
在通常运转时，所述第1控制部使所述第1转换器控制所述燃料电池的输出电压，并且所述第2控制部使所述第2转换器控制向所述第1负载侧的输出电压，
在所述二次电池的异常发生时，所述第1控制部使所述第1转换器控制该第1转换器的输出电压，并且所述第2控制部使所述第2转换器控制向所述第2负载侧的输出电压。
根据这样的结构的燃料电池系统，在二次电池的异常发生时，仅从燃料电池也能够控制2个转换器而进行向第1负载及第2负载的稳定的电力供给。
在上述的结构中，可以的是，
在所述二次电池的异常发生时，所述第1转换器的输出电压被控制成符合该燃料电池系统的要求输出，并且所述第2转换器的向所述第2负载侧的输出电压被控制成恒定电压。
在上述的结构中，可以的是，
在所述二次电池的异常发生时，所述第1转换器的输出电压被控制成恒定电压，并且所述第2转换器的向所述第2负载侧的输出电压被控制成符合所述第2负载的要求输出。
在上述的结构中，可以的是，
所述燃料电池系统在所述第1二次电池电力供给路径上的所述二次电池与所述第2连接点之间具备电路切断部，
所述电路切断部在所述二次电池的异常发生时被切断。
在上述结构的燃料电池系统中，当伴随于二次电池的异常发生而电路切断部动作而将电路切断时，从二次电池无法向第1负载及第2负载供给电力。
然而，虽然是这样的情况，但第1转换器的控制对象电压被变更，通常对燃料电池的输出电压(换言之，第1转换器的输入电压)进行控制的第1转换器控制该第1转换器的输出电压。
同时，第2转换器的控制对象电压也被变更，通常对向第1负载侧的输出电压(换言之，第2转换器的输出电压)进行控制的第2转换器控制向第2负载侧的输出电压。
在上述结构中，可以的是，
所述燃料电池系统具备：
异常检测部，检测所述二次电池的异常发生；以及
第3控制部，在通过所述异常检测部检测到所述二次电池的异常发生时，强制性地使所述电路切断部切断。
在上述结构的燃料电池系统中，在检测到二次电池的异常发生时，立即将二次电池从燃料电池系统切离，从而能够实施仅燃料电池的稳定的运转。
发明效果
根据本发明的燃料电池系统，即使在二次电池的异常发生时也能够进行仅基于燃料电池的负载的稳定运转。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施方式的燃料电池系统的结构图。
图2是表示二次电池20的异常发生检测时的控制部30的一控制例的流程图。
标号说明
11 燃料电池系统
12 燃料电池
13、14 驱动电动机(第1负载)
15FC 升压转换器(第1转换器)
20 二次电池
21 继电器(电路切断部)
22 蓄电池升压转换器(第2转换器)
25、26 辅机电动机(第2负载)
30 控制部(第1控制部、第2控制部、第3控制部、异常检测部)
A、C 电力供给路径(燃料电池电力供给路径)
B 电力供给路径(第1二次电池电力供给路径)
D 电力供给路径(第2二次电池电力供给路径)
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，说明本发明的燃料电池系统的一实施方式。在本实施方式中，说明使用本发明的燃料电池系统作为燃料电池车辆(FCHV；Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle)的车载发电系统的情况。
如图1所示，本实施方式的燃料电池系统11具备燃料电池12及二次电池20作为向负载的电力供给源。
燃料电池12例如是高分子电解质型燃料电池，是将多个单体电池层叠的堆结构。单体电池为如下结构：在由离子交换膜构成的电解质的一侧的面上具有空气极，在另一侧的面具有燃料极，而且以从两侧夹住空气极及燃料极的方式具有一对隔板。并且，向一侧的隔板的氢气流路供给作为燃料气体的氢气，向另一侧的隔板的氧化气体流路供给作为氧化气体的空气，通过这些气体发生电化学反应而产生电力。
燃料电池12与用于使车辆行驶的驱动电动机(第1负载)13经由电力供给路径(燃料电池电力供给路径)A而连接。在该电力供给路径A上，从燃料电池12侧依次设有FC升压转换器(第1转换器)15及驱动逆变器16。
FC升压转换器15是直流的电压转换器，对从燃料电池12输入的直流电压进行调整而向驱动逆变器16侧输出。驱动电动机13例如是三相交流电动机，驱动逆变器16将直流电流转换成三相交流而向驱动电动机13供给。
在电力供给路径A上连接有电力供给路径(第1二次电池电力供给路径)B。电力供给路径A与电力供给路径B的连接点X位于FC升压转换器15与驱动逆变器16之间。在电力供给路径B的一端连接有二次电池20，在二次电池20与连接点X之间，从二次电池20侧依次设有继电器(电路切断部)21及蓄电池升压转换器(第2转换器)22。
二次电池20能够基于来自控制部30的控制信号，用燃料电池12的输出电力的剩余部分、驱动电动机13的再生电力进行充电，或者在相对于驱动电动机13、14的驱动所需的电力而燃料电池12的输出电力不足时补给该不足量的电力，或者向后述的辅机电动机25、26供给电力。
蓄电池升压转换器22是直流的电压转换器，具有调整从二次电池20输入的直流电压而向驱动电动机13、14侧输出的功能、调整从燃料电池12或驱动电动机13输入的直流电压而向二次电池20及/或辅机电动机25、26输出的功能。通过这样的蓄电池升压转换器22的功能，实现二次电池20的充放电。
另外，通过这样的蓄电池升压转换器22的功能，在燃料电池系统11的通常运转时，控制向驱动逆变器16及辅机逆变器17的输入电压，而在后述的继电器21由于某些原因而切断，变成二次电池20从燃料电池系统11切离的状态时(二次电池的异常发生时)，能够进行从燃料电池12向辅机电动机25、26的供电。
在电力供给路径B的高电压侧连接有电力供给路径(燃料电池电力供给路径)C。电力供给路径B与电力供给路径C的连接点Y位于连接点X与蓄电池升压转换器22之间。在电力供给路径C的一端连接有驱动电动机(第1负载)14。驱动电动机14例如是三相交流电动机，是向燃料电池12压力输送空气(氧化气体)的空气压缩器的驱动电动机。在驱动电动机14与连接点Y之间设有辅机逆变器17。辅机逆变器17将直流电流转换成三相交流而向驱动电动机14供给。
在电力供给路径B的低电压侧(二次电池20侧)连接有电力供给路径D(第2二次电池电力供给路径)。电力供给路径B与电力供给路径D的连接点Z位于蓄电池升压转换器22与继电器21之间。电力供给路径D分支成两叉，在该分支处分别设有辅机逆变器23、24及辅机电动机25、26。
辅机电动机25是对氢泵进行驱动的电动机，该氢泵用于使从燃料电池12的氢气流路排出的氢废气向燃料电池12回流。辅机电动机26是对冷却水泵进行驱动的电动机，该冷却水泵用于使燃料电池12的调温所使用的冷却水循环。辅机逆变器23、24分别将直流电流转换成三相交流而向辅机电动机25、26供给。
控制部30是用于对燃料电池系统11进行综合控制的计算机系统，例如具有CPU、RAM、ROM等。控制部30接受从各种传感器供给的信号(例如，表示油门开度的信号、表示车速的信号、表示燃料电池12的输出电流或输出电压的信号等，在图1仅图示一部分)的输入，算出包括驱动电动机13、14及辅机电动机25、26在内的负载整体的要求电力。
需要说明的是，本实施方式的控制部30能够基于从二次电池20或设于其周边的传感器类供给的信号，检测二次电池20的故障等异常的发生。即，控制部30兼具作为本发明的异常检测部的功能。
而且，控制部30在检测到二次电池20的异常发生时，打开继电器21而切断从二次电池20向驱动电动机13、14及辅机电动机25、26的电力供给。即，控制部30也兼具作为本发明的第3控制部的功能。
作为除驱动电动机13、14及辅机电动机25、26以外的负载，有车辆行驶所需的装置(变速器、车轮控制装置、转向装置、悬架装置等)消耗的电力、配置在乘坐人员空间内的装置(空调装置、照明器具、音响等)消耗的电力等。
控制部30决定燃料电池12与二次电池20的各输出电力的分配，并算出发电指令值。更具体而言，控制部30当算出对燃料电池12及二次电池20的要求电力时，对FC升压转换器15及蓄电池升压转换器22的动作进行控制以得到上述的要求电力。
在包含二次电池20未发生异常时的通常运转时，控制部30使FC升压转换器15控制燃料电池12的输出电压，并且使蓄电池升压转换器22控制向驱动电动机13、14侧的输出电压，换言之，控制向驱动逆变器16及辅机逆变器17的输入电压，但是在二次电池20的异常发生时，控制部30使蓄电池升压转换器22控制向辅机电动机25、26的输出电压，并且使FC升压转换器15控制FC升压转换器15的输出电压，换言之，向驱动逆变器16及辅机逆变器17的输入电压被控制成符合包含驱动电动机13、14及辅机电动机25、26的驱动输出在内的燃料电池系统11整体的要求输出。
这样，本实施方式的控制部30构成作为兼具本发明的第1控制部的功能和第2控制部的功能的一个控制装置，但第1控制部和第2控制部当然也可以分别由不同的控制装置构成。
本实施方式的燃料电池系统11的特征在于，在检测到二次电池20的故障(异常)时，将系统控制切换成无蓄电池退避行驶模式，从而能够使车辆驾驶继续。以下，关于这一点，参照图2的流程图详细地说明控制部30进行的动作。
当检测到二次电池20的故障(异常)时(步骤S1)，控制部30将二次电池20的继电器21切断(步骤S3)。由此，将二次电池20从燃料电池系统11切离。
接着，控制部30将蓄电池升压转换器22的控制对象切换成二次电池20侧的电压，换言之，切换成向辅机逆变器23、24的输入电压，进行定电压控制(步骤S5)。此时，控制部30指令与电力供给路径D连接的辅机逆变器23、24能够供给最大输出的电压，例如，指令二次电池20的OCV电压，作为由蓄电池升压转换器22控制的二次电池侧电压。
另外，将FC升压转换器15的控制对象切换成驱动逆变器16及辅机逆变器17的输入电压，进行与包含驱动电动机13、14及辅机电动机25、26的驱动所需的输出在内的燃料电池系统11整体的要求输出相符的电压控制(步骤S7)。
此时，由于存储于控制部30并在各种控制中使用的负载映射与负载变动、驱动电动机13、14的减磁等引起的消耗电力的差异而引起的控制误差有时不可避免地发生。
并且，在上述的情况下，若将此状态放任不管，则从燃料电池12引出超过根据向燃料电池12供给的空气流量而计算的允许输出的输出，可能会引起不稳定的发电状态。
因此，以燃料电池12能够输出与上述控制误差相当的输出的方式，使驱动电动机14的转速比通常运转时提高，由此使向燃料电池12供给的空气流量增加(步骤S9)。该空气流量的增量校正设定为能够吸收系统可产生的控制误差的量，由此能够使系统效率最优化。
通过如以上那样进行控制，在通常运转时连接有二次电池20的端子的电压，即，辅机逆变器23、24的输入电压和驱动逆变器16及辅机逆变器17的输入电压分别由2个转换器(FC升压转换器15、蓄电池升压转换器22)控制，其结果是，燃料电池12的端子电压(输出电压)也根据对燃料电池系统11的要求电力来决定，因此燃料电池系统11的稳定的运转成为可能，所谓退避行驶也成为可能。
需要说明的是，如上述那样，在将二次电池20从燃料电池系统11切离的状况下，蓄电池升压转换器22需要控制二次电池20侧的电压，即，向辅机逆变器23、24的输入电压，这样的状况下，连接点Z处的电容明显下降，其结果是，导致蓄电池升压转换器22的控制稳定性比通常运转时明显恶化。
因此，虽然在这样的状况下，但是为了使蓄电池升压转换器22进行的向辅机逆变器23、24的输入电压的控制稳定化，控制部30可以取代实施上述实施方式中说明的那种FC升压转换器15的输出控制，而以将向驱动逆变器16及辅机逆变器17的输入电压固定成恒定电压的方式控制FC升压转换器15的输出电压。
具体而言，首先，求出车辆的退避行驶所需的燃料电池系统11整体的要求输出，接着，求出向能够输出该要求输出的驱动逆变器16及辅机逆变器17的输入电压，然后，将该输入电压设定为FC升压转换器15的目标输出电压，由此能够实现蓄电池升压转换器22的控制稳定性。
另外，驱动电动机14的响应特性比驱动电动机13的响应特性慢，因此对应于油门要求(油门踏板的开度)而进行驱动电动机13的转矩控制和驱动电动机14的转矩控制时，驱动电动机13的输出的增加速度比驱动电动机14的输出的增加速度快，可能导致超过燃料电池12能够输出的输出。
作为这样的情况的对策，上述那样的使空气供给量增加的控制也有效，但是也可以取代使空气供给量增加，例如可以基于由在燃料电池12的空气供给路设置的空气流量传感器等的流量计检测的空气流量，求出燃料电池12能够发电的输出上限值，在不超过该输出上限值的范围内，实施与油门要求对应的驱动电动机13、14的转矩控制。
需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，在检测到二次电池20的异常发生时，将二次电池20从燃料电池系统11切离，因此在上述的情况下，可以完全禁止电动机再生，也可以在能够判断出通过驱动电动机14、辅机电动机25、26、其他的辅机(例如，供暖用的加热器)等可进行再生电力的稳定的消耗时，在能够消耗的范围内允许电动机再生。在上述情况下，即使在二次电池20无法使用的状况下也能够将驾驶的舒适性恶化抑制为最小限度。
需要说明的是，在上述的实施方式中，说明了将本发明的燃料电池系统搭载于燃料电池车辆的情况，但是在燃料电池车辆以外的各种移动体(机器人、船舶、飞机等)中也可以应用本发明的燃料电池系统。而且，也可以将本发明的燃料电池系统应用于作为建筑物(住宅、大楼等)用的发电设备而使用的固定用发电系统。

Claims (3)

1.一种燃料电池系统，具备燃料电池及二次电池作为向负载的电力供给源，其特征在于，
所述燃料电池系统具备：
燃料电池电力供给路径，将所述燃料电池和第1负载连接；
第1转换器，设置在所述燃料电池电力供给路径上，能够对所述燃料电池的输出进行升压；
第1二次电池电力供给路径，将所述二次电池连接于所述燃料电池电力供给路径上的第1连接点，所述第1连接点位于比所述第1转换器靠所述第1负载侧处；
第2转换器，设置在所述第1二次电池电力供给路径上，能够对所述二次电池的输出进行升压；
第2二次电池电力供给路径，将第2负载连接于所述第1二次电池电力供给路径上的第2连接点，所述第2连接点位于所述第2转换器和所述二次电池之间；
第1控制部，控制所述第1转换器；以及
第2控制部，控制所述第2转换器，
在通常运转时，所述第1控制部控制所述第1转换器，从而控制所述燃料电池的输出电压，并且所述第2控制部控制所述第2转换器，从而控制向所述第1负载侧的输出电压，
在所述二次电池的异常发生时，所述第1控制部控制所述第1转换器，从而控制该第1转换器的输出电压，并且所述第2控制部控制所述第2转换器，从而控制向所述第2负载侧的输出电压，
在所述二次电池的异常发生时，所述第1转换器的输出电压被控制成恒定电压，并且所述第2转换器的向所述第2负载侧的输出电压被控制成符合所述第2负载的要求输出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池系统，其特征在于，
所述燃料电池系统在所述第1二次电池电力供给路径上的所述二次电池与所述第2连接点之间具备电路切断部，
所述电路切断部在所述二次电池的异常发生时被切断。
3.根据权利要求2所述的燃料电池系统，其特征在于，
所述燃料电池系统具备：
异常检测部，检测所述二次电池的异常发生；以及
第3控制部，在通过所述异常检测部检测到所述二次电池的异常发生时，强制性地使所述电路切断部切断。
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