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CN103998118A - Hollow fibre membrane with compatible reinforcements - Google Patents

Hollow fibre membrane with compatible reinforcements Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103998118A
CN103998118A CN201280062275.7A CN201280062275A CN103998118A CN 103998118 A CN103998118 A CN 103998118A CN 201280062275 A CN201280062275 A CN 201280062275A CN 103998118 A CN103998118 A CN 103998118A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
silk
polymer
coating
bundle
membranous wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201280062275.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103998118B (en
Inventor
S.K.彼得森
P.L.科特
白晋华
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BL TECHNOLOGY Inc
BL Technologies Inc
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BL TECHNOLOGY Inc
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Publication of CN103998118A publication Critical patent/CN103998118A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103998118B publication Critical patent/CN103998118B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
    • B01D69/082—Hollow fibre membranes characterised by the cross-sectional shape of the fibre
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
    • B01D69/085—Details relating to the spinneret
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
    • B01D69/087—Details relating to the spinning process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
    • B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
    • B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/11—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels comprising two or more partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. honeycomb-shaped
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/42—Details of membrane preparation apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/40—Fibre reinforced membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

A process of making a reinforced hollow fiber membrane comprises flowing a membrane dope through a casting head while drawing one or more yarns or tows of filaments through the casting head. The filaments are spread apart in the casting head, for example by forcing the yarns or tows around a bend or through a narrow gap in the casting head. The filaments are adapted to bond to the membrane dope or the membrane wall. A reinforced hollow fiber membrane comprises a plurality of filaments individually surrounded by, and bonded to, the membrane wall.

Description

There is the hollow-fibre membrane of compatible reinforce
Technical field
Technical field of the present invention is hollow-fibre membrane, for example, for the hollow-fibre membrane of water treatment is provided by micro-filtration or ultrafiltration.
Background technology
Hollow-fibre membrane can be made up of multiple polymers by diverse ways.One method relates to be separated (NIPS) of the non-solvent induction as instructed in United States Patent (USP) 3,615,024,5,066,401 and 6,024,872 for example.Another kind method relates to thermoinducible being separated (TIPS) as instructed in United States Patent (USP) 4,702,836 and 7,247,238 for example.Film can have the separating layer being positioned on its inner surface or its outer surface, and for example can be for micro-filtration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF).
Can increase doughnut film strength by coating being coated in preformed tubulose braid.The people's such as Mahendran United States Patent (USP) 5,472,607 and 6,354,444 has been instructed by limited infiltration film has been coated on the outside of braid.The people's such as Hayano the people's such as United States Patent (USP) 4,061,861, Lee the people's such as United States Patent (USP) 7,267,872 and Shinada United States Patent (USP) 7,306,105 has also been instructed the film of braid supporting.The successful commercialization of the hollow-fibre membrane of making according to the people's such as Mahendran instruction.
The another kind of method for the manufacture of strengthening hollow-fibre membrane having proposed relates in curtain coating doughnut fiber is embedded in the wall of doughnut.People's the international publication WO03/097221 such as U.S. of the people such as Murase announces 2002/0046970, Yoon and the United States Patent (USP) of Koenhen 6,454,943 have been described monofilament or multifilament yarn have longitudinally been embedded into the method in the wall of doughnut.In these methods, neither one has been produced commercially available film.
The international publication WO2010/108285 that the inventor is nearest and WO2010/148517 have instructed and in curtain coating doughnut, in the wall of doughnut, have formed cage shape enhancing structure.Strengthen the silk of structure can be for example by heat, ultraviolet ray or via be suitable for adhesive bonding method silk component solvent bonding and be bonded together at contact point place.
Summary of the invention
Introduction is below intended to introduce and describe to understand in detail and do not limit or limit claim to reader.
In the experiment of the hollow-fibre membrane about strengthening by longitudinal yarn, inventor observes the fault mode of yarn fracture through membranous wall.First yarn is encapsulated in membranous wall, but along with film waves during air washes away, yarn seems to penetrate membranous wall.Cage structure described in international publication WO2010/108285 and WO2010/148517 has been avoided this problem by increasing spiral winding or other inclination silk.This description will be described alternative enhancing film and manufacture method thereof.
A kind of hollow-fibre membrane described in this description is strengthened by the one or more multifilament yarns or the bundle that are embedded in the coating that flows through curtain coating head.Described silk is bonded to coating or makes through the polymer of curing membranous wall by being suitable at least in part.For example, polymer can be dissolved in coating, can in coating, melt or can process to promote bonding to its surface.Yarn silk or synnema for example scatter around bend or through the close clearance in curtain coating head by being forced to.Coating can permeate yarn or bundle, thereby holds and be bonded to individual thread.Because substantially all individual threads are all bonded to membranous wall, therefore silk opposing is moved and during normal use from film, does not cut out in membranous wall.
A kind of method of manufacturing enhancing hollow-fibre membrane is included in when pulling one or more yarn silks or synnema through curtain coating head and makes coating flow through curtain coating head.Yarn or bundle can be forced to around the bend in curtain coating head or through the close clearance in curtain coating head.Silk is suitable for being bonded together with coating or curing membranous wall.
A kind of hollow-fibre membrane that strengthens comprises one or more yarns or bundle, and each yarn or bundle comprise the multi-filament that is held separately and be bonded to membranous wall by membranous wall.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the photo of the cross section of the hollow-fibre membrane that strengthens by bi-component silk.
Fig. 2 A is the schematic cross-section of dispense tip.
Fig. 2 B is the needle holder of dispense tip and the isometric view of pin of Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 3 is the photo with the cross section of the hollow-fibre membrane of polyester capillaries.
Fig. 4 is the photo of a part for the cross section of the hollow-fibre membrane strengthening by bi-component silk under magnifying power large in than Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to Fig. 1, hollow-fibre membrane 10 has membranous wall 16.This film 10 can have any size, strengthens the little and thin film of film but the structure of film 10 is used in particular for manufacturing wall with respect to other.For example, the external diameter of film 10 can be about 1.5mm or less, and wall thickness is about 0.25mm or less.Shown film 10 has the external diameter of about 0.9mm and the internal diameter of about 0.7mm.
Membranous wall 16 has the one or more bundles 12 that are embedded in silk 14 wherein.Silk 14 is long continuous fibers, make at least most of or about 80% or more 14 there is the length of at least one meter.In the time that the long sections of at least one rice of film 10 is loaded in membrane module, at least most of silk 14 is continuous along the whole length of sections.Preferably, all or substantially all silks 14 be continuous along the whole length of sections.
Specific film 10 shown in Fig. 1 has a bundle 12, but can have multiple bundles 12, for example, between two to eight.Word " bundle " in composite industry for representing the substantially continuous artificial silk of untwisted bundle, or the silk of long segment at least.But bundle 12 typically has the silk 14 that every bundle 12 is less than about 200, and Shu Keneng in composite industry has thousands of rhizoids.Word " bundle " can also represent the gauze of being made up of continuous artificial silk, or the silk of long segment (but flock together fully twisting and be not classified as twisted yarn) at least.Can use yarn or the line of other type, but they not preferred yet.
Although bundle 12 is to extract and to be pulled through the textile unit of curtain coating head out from spindle, silk 14 at the most only loosely interweave in restrainting 12.Silk 14 can scatter as shown in fig. 1 each other, make coating can at least most adjacent silk 14 between flow.Although silk 14 may be once in a while or be intersected with each other randomly, silk 14 cardinal principles of the length along film 10 are parallel to each other.Bundle 12 can have the original shape of general cylindrical, and has the diameter of the thickness that is greater than wall 16, but silk 14 is distributed in the cross section being matched with in wall 16.
Silk 14 can be made up as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon or PVDF of polymer fiber.Silk can be bi-component silk, and described bi-component silk has the Part I (being preferably complete skin or sheath) of being made up of the first polymer that is suitable for being bonded to the coating that forms film.Bonding skin or the other parts that can partly dissolve by the solvent by coating silk 14.For example, strengthen silk 14 and can there are skin or the other parts made for the polymer of the solvent of coating by being dissolved in.Particularly, skin or other parts can comprise the polymer being also present in coating.The Part II (for example core) of bi-component silk 14 is by making with the second polymer of the first polymer-compatible.The second polymer can be selected to respect to only using the first polymer that improvement is provided.For example, the second polymer is can be more with respect to the first polymer strong or cost is lower or stronger and cost is lower.Any or the first polymer or the second polymer can be to be selected to improve the copolymer that is woven into together the ability in bi-component silk 14.
Silk 14 shown in Fig. 1 is the bicomponent fibres with following weaving, and a part is that PET (PET) and another part are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).Bi-component silk 14 assembles the bundle 12 of 220 daniers (g/9000m).This bundle 12 is made up of 36 rhizoids 14, and each rhizoid 14 is about 6 daniers.Each rhizoid 14 all has the core of PET and the sheath of PVDF, and this core accounts for about 70-90% of cross-sectional area.Core can be made up of the lower copolymerization PET of fusion temperature, to coordinate more nearly PVDF treatment temperature.The sheath layer of PVDF is about 1-2 micron thick.Bundle also can be made by the silk of other quantity and weight.
Coating based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is compatible and can be for using NIPS method to form membranous wall 16 with silk 14 described in paragraph above.This coating can be prepared by PVDF being dissolved in hot NMP and increasing a small amount of non-solvent.Coating can have 80-84 % by weight NMP, 14-16 % by weight PVDF and 2-4 % by weight PVP k30.Polymer concentration and temperature can change with adjusting coating viscosity.
In the film 10 of Fig. 1, silk 14 is made by the outer sheath layer compatible with the materials chemistry of membranous wall 16 and stronger core polymer.For example, PET is the powerful material that is easy to be formed in silk 14 and has the mechanical property that is suitable for enhancing or support membrane.Comparatively speaking, PVDF is the relatively weak material that is not easy to be formed in yarn.But the two is bonded to membranous wall 16 and well for mechanically firmly the core of Fig. 1 and sheath bi-component silk 14.
First the hot strength of film 10 is determined by the summation of the hot strength of the core of silk 14.For example, 220 danier bundles 12 as described above have the fracture strength of about 7N, and this fracture strength is mainly provided by PET core.The fracture strength of the every bundle 12 about 7N that provide in film 10 is also provided the pvdf membrane with 1.0mm external diameter and 0.7mm internal diameter.The fiber of the same size Comparatively speaking, not strengthening ruptures being less than under 2N.
In the film forming by TIPS method, at least a portion of silk may have and allows it in the fusion temperature of fusing at least in part of being heated in coating.These become the melt that is bonded to membranous wall.For example, bi-component silk can be weaved by Eastman F61HC PET (PET) homopolymers (260 DEG C of fusing points) core and Dupont3632 copolymerization PET (160 DEG C of fusing points) sheath.This bi-component silk can be gathered bunchy.Core can account for 50% to 80% of cross-sectional area.Copolymerization PET sheath in the coating that is heated that is embedded in TIPS method time partial melting and weaving during become the melt that is bonded to membranous wall.
The surface of silk (comprising single polymer filament) also can be modified or process at coating before its curtain coating, to promote to be bonded to coating.This processing can comprise for example plasma or chemical etching.This processing is selected to the material that is suitable for yarn and coating.
Silk can shrink in advance or be heat-treated 14 (comprising bi-component silk 14) before being embedded in wall 16.Heater (for example using hot-air or the guiding piece that is heated) can be provided thus with bundle 12 carrieds during to dispense tip halved tie 12 heat and make that silk 14 is pre-to be shunk or silk 14 is processed.Alternatively, bundle 12 or individual thread 14 can be before silk 14 be gathered bunchy 12 or bundle 12 be wound on for the one or more independent step before on the bobbin of feeding dispense tip and shrink in advance or be heat-treated.
Heating region can comprise the tubular chamber of diameter 4cm × long 60cm, and this tubular chamber has opening at top and bottom place, and therefore the axis of heating region can be aimed at the direct of travel of bundle 12 or silk 14.This tubular chamber also has with the side of air blast and heating element heater and is connected.Can control air themperature by the current drain that changes heating element heater.
According to any tension force on the temperature in time and heating region and silk 14, silk 14 is by contraction or thermal finalization or contraction and thermal finalization.But silk 14 should not be heated to and can start degree bonded to each other.For example, air themperature can be between about 100 to 200 degrees Celsius.Time of contact can be between about 0.1 to 5.0 second.
Preferably, silk 14 is by being placed under tension force with silk 14 being exposed to higher than the temperature of coating and extending silk 14 and thermal finalization than film 10 at the temperature high any temperature in use running into.Allow subsequently silk 14 to be cooled to about room temperature in still keeping under prolongation state.Separation when this helps avoid in manufacture or uses film 10 between the parts of silk 14.
In order to grip bundle 12 manufacturing in film 10, one or more bobbins (bundle 12 coilings for each bobbin) are placed on creel, this creel be typically positioned curtain coating head side or on.Creel is made up of bobbin retainer, guiding piece and the stretching device fixed, as in traditional Weaving device.Bundle 12 is by distributing mould, and this distribution mould has the equally distributed a series of alignment apertures of extension around the central axis of curtain coating head.
Fig. 2 A shows curtain coating 20, and this curtain coating 20 is alternatively called as dispense tip or spinning head.Curtain coating 20 can be made up of three major parts---main body 28, needle holder 30 and button 32.Button 32 is attached to a side of main body 28 and has mould 34 (typically being post hole), and this mould 34 forms the final outside curtain coating surface of curtain coating 20.Needle holder 30 keeps pin 26 and is inserted in the opposite side of main body 28, makes pin 26 enter mould 34.The end of pin 26 typically flushes with the end of mould 34, but one of them also can be shifted with respect to another.Pin 26 and mould 34 produce annular ring, and coating and bundle 12 are by this annular ring.The flow rate of pin 26 and mould 34 combined hole fluids and coating has been determined internal diameter and the external diameter of gained film 10.
Pin 26 is pressed in the centre bore 24 of needle holder 30.Pin 26 and centre bore 24 and curtain coating Tou20 center or longitudinal axis is aimed at and in the time forming, be provided for hole fluid to inject the pipeline of film 10.The external diameter of pin 26 and needle holder 30 be also provided for coating and bundle 12 when the dispense tip 20 along its mobile inner surface.
With reference to Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B, needle holder 30 has for by the groove 38 of advancing through each bundle 12 of curtain coating 20.Main body 28 has one or more bundle imports 22, and each bundle import 22 is corresponding with groove 38, for receiving the bundle 12 of desired amt and transmitting it to groove 38.Typically, only a bundle 12 is restrainted import 22 and is entered in corresponding groove 38 by each, but two or more bundles 12 can be by the import 22 of a bundle and groove 38 combinations.In addition, can use and there is the curtain coating 20 of multiple bundle imports 22 and the bundle 12 through each obtainable bundle import 22 is not provided.
Bundle import 22 is preferably configured to central axis (for example 30 degree or larger) at angle with respect to curtain coating 22.In the time moving to groove 38 from bundle import 22, bundle 12 must be compassingly set in main body 28 or be arranged at turning 42 bendings on the first aperture 44 in optional embedding main body 28.Groove 38 is preferably also blocked by ledge 40, and this ledge 40 forces bundle 12 advancing through a curtain coating bending again in 20 o'clock.Bundle 12 is again bending in the time entering mould 34 or optional the 3rd independent aperture 36.Upstream edge, ledge 40 and the mould 34 at turning 42 or the 3rd aperture 36 (arbitrary surface or the surface of bearing it in the time that bundle 12 is bending) preferably have 1mm or larger radius and are machined to form smooth poliss.One or more silks 14 that make in turning 42, ledge 40, mould 34 or the 3rd aperture 36 disperse, and make to restraint 12 and become wider and thinner with respect to its initial circular cross section (as shown in fig. 1).Can be alternatively between the bottom by the one or more and groove 38 in turning 42, between optional second orifice 50 and the bottom of groove 38 and there is close clearance between mould 34 or the 3rd aperture 36 and pin 26 and provide or strengthen a dispersion of threads 14.
Main body 28 also comprises coating injection port 46 and discharge portion 48.One group of one or more first port 46a allows coating to be injected in groove 38.Coating is preferably enough to keep groove 38 to be full of coating through the flow rate of the first port 46a, and silk 14 was soaked by coating before contact pin 26.If provide insufficient coating by the first port 46a, the chamber and the film 10 that tend to fall into film 10 will be had defect by silk 14.Enter through some coating of the first port 46a will be forced to adverse current around turning 42.This coating is discharged from by the discharge portion 48 being communicated with each the bundle import 22 in bundle import 22.The second extra port 46b allows coating to enter in the gap between mould 34 and pin 26.This extra coating has completed the required total flow of the coating that forms membranous wall 16 needs.Coating can or use positive displacement pump to be injected into port 46 from the container with nitrogen pressurization.Coating can be arranged at the temperature of about 15 to 200 degrees Celsius and under about pressure of 20 to 400kPa.
The tubular flow with the coating of carrying silk 14 secretly leaves dispense tip 20 and falls into coagulating bath.The tank that is equipped with roller at bottom and top that this coagulating bath is solidified for film typically as is known.The coiler that picks up after apex roller has adjustable speed between 1 to 30m/min and lateral guides to be wound around equably bobbin with solidifying film.
With reference to Fig. 4, under SEM (SEM) photo, check that film 10 shows that the membranous wall 16 based on PVDF is bonded to the individual thread 14 in multifilament bundled 12 well.In Fig. 4, can see, coating permeates between silk 14 and is closely bonded to the surface of silk 14.There are indications in bicomponent fibre between PVDF and pet layer and have some layerings.This is caused by cutting sample.
By contrast, Fig. 3 shows that coating can also use curtain coating 20 to manufacture infiltration between the silk of 133 danier bundles of PET silk.But in this case, coating is not bonded to silk.On the contrary, coating shrinks and leaves silk when curing, thereby silk is moved freely in the time of bending in film.
By using the sheath material compatible with coating to make membranous wall 16 be bonded to silk 14, and make silk 14 fully scatter to allow coating infiltration between substantially all silks by silk 14 being distributed in dispense tip 20, produce the tough enhancing hollow-fibre membrane 10 that can bear the conventional bending motion using.What obtain is more durable and film filter cracking resistance.
Silk 14 does not increase the cost of film substantially.On the contrary, compare can have in order to improve intensity thicker wall portion section without support membrane, but the film of the thinner enhancing of wall can produce by the lower-cost assembly in surf zone basis.
Can use the one pack system silk compatible with selected coating.But, this silk with use PET or another kind of powerful textile polymer as compared with the two-component yarn of core material, cost is probably higher or more weak or cost is higher and more weak.Particularly, but PVDF and polyether sulfone (PES) be preferred membrane material can not make good enhancing yarn, and reason is that PVDF and polyether sulfone (PES) are more weak and cost is significantly higher than PET.
example
Film 10 shown in Fig. 1 uses the coating that is mainly PVDF/NMP mixture to make, and described coating is supplied in the gap between mould 34 and pin 26 with the speed of 28cc/min, and is supplied in groove 38 with 3cc/min.Curtain coating 20 be as shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B and be heated to 60 degrees Celsius.Employing has a bundle 12 of the bi-component silk 14 of sheath/core type.The component of silk 14 is the PET core (Eastman F61HC) of 70 % by weight and the PVDF sheath (Solef1006) of 30 % by weight.Bundle 12 comprises 36 untwisted silks 14 that are 6 danier weight.Linear velocity is 15m/min (50fpm), and air gap is that 110mm and coagulating bath are the water of 45 degrees Celsius.
This written description is used the open the present invention of example and makes any person skilled in the art can both implement the present invention.Scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and can comprise other example that those skilled in the art can expect.

Claims (21)

1. a hollow-fibre membrane, described hollow-fibre membrane comprises:
A) membranous wall, described membranous wall is formed by coating; And
B) one or more synnemas, described one or more synnemas are embedded in described membranous wall;
Wherein said silk is made up of the polymer that is suitable for being bonded to described coating or described membranous wall at least in part.
2. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer be arranged at described silk in the sheath of core, and described core is made up of different polymer.
3. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer can be dissolved in the solvent for described coating.
4. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer is the polymer being present in equally in described coating.
5. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer is PVDF.
6. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer is PES.
7. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer has lower than the fusion temperature of temperature of TIPS coating that is used to form described membranous wall.
8. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer has the bonding surface of the promotion of being processed into.
9. film according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described silk has the core of PET or copolymerization PET.
10. film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described membranous wall holds and be bonded to described silk.
11. films according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at least most of described silk extends to the other end continuously from one end of the sections of at least 1 meter long of described film, and described silk is substantially parallel to each other.
12. films according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of the cylindrical bundle of described silk is greater than the thickness of described membranous wall.
Manufacture the method that strengthens hollow-fibre membrane, said method comprising the steps of for 13. 1 kinds:
A) make coating flow through curtain coating head;
B) pull one or more yarn silks or synnema through described curtain coating head; And
C) force described one or more yarn or bundle around at least one bend in described curtain coating head or through in described curtain coating head than at least one narrower gap of cylindrical bundle of described silk.
14. methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described silk comprises the core of the first polymer and the sheath of the second polymer.
15. methods according to claim 14, is characterized in that, described method is included in the b) step of silk described in thermal finalization before of step.
16. methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described step a) comprising: in the first area of described curtain coating head, provide coating, in described first area, bundle is advanced in the groove of mould upstream; And provide coating in the second area being communicated with described mould.
17. methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described method also comprises the step that hole fluid is provided to the chamber of described film.
18. methods according to claim 14, is characterized in that, described the second polymer is the polymer also providing in coating.
19. methods according to claim 18, is characterized in that, described the first polymer comprises PET.
20. methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that, the diameter that the cylindrical bundle of described silk has is greater than the thickness of described membranous wall.
21. 1 kinds strengthen hollow-fibre membrane, and described enhancing hollow-fibre membrane comprises membranous wall and one or more bundle, and each bundle comprises the multi-filament that is held separately and be bonded to described membranous wall by described membranous wall.
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