CN103940464B - Laboratory environment parameter comprehensive measuring instrument and method for measuring gravitational acceleration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive measuring instrument for laboratory environment parameters, including an operation control module, a humidity measurement module, an illumination module, an air pressure module, a magnetic declination measurement module, a temperature measurement module, a position measurement module, an LCD display module, and buttons; humidity measurement The module, light module, air pressure module, magnetic declination measurement module, temperature measurement module, position measurement module, LCD display module and keys are all electrically connected to the operation control module signal; the position measurement module includes GPS signals for receiving longitude, latitude and altitude information The receiver; the method for measuring the acceleration of gravity mainly includes that the operation control module extracts the latitude and altitude information received by the position measurement module and calculates the acceleration of gravity according to the built-in program and algorithm. The invention integrates the measurement functions of multiple parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, magnetic declination, atmospheric pressure, and acceleration of gravity, and is simple to operate, easy to carry, cost-saving, and strong in applicability.

Description

Laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument and method for measuring gravity acceleration

technical field

The invention relates to an environmental parameter measuring device, in particular to a laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument and a method for measuring the acceleration of gravity.

Background technique

Environmental parameters such as gravitational acceleration, temperature, humidity, light intensity, magnetic declination, and atmospheric pressure play an important role in the accuracy of experimental results in physical, chemical, and biological laboratories, and sometimes even directly affect the accuracy of experimental results. no. The usual way for laboratories to measure these environmental parameters is to use corresponding special measuring instruments or tools for different environmental parameters to test one by one, which is rather cumbersome. Among these parameters, especially the measurement of gravitational acceleration g value is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The accurate determination of the g value of the acceleration of gravity plays a very important role in mechanical metrology, thermal metrology, electrical metrology, precision physical metrology, geophysics, earthquake prediction, gravity prospecting and space science. At present, the measurement of the g value of the acceleration of gravity usually adopts simple pendulum measurement, conical pendulum measurement, drip method measurement, chute measurement, dot timer measurement, free fall measurement and weighing method to calculate after weighing the known mass of the law Measurement and other methods, the steps of these measurement methods are cumbersome, time-consuming, require many measurement tools, and consume a lot of labor. Sometimes in order to improve the accuracy of an order of magnitude, the cost of investment in equipment increases geometrically, which is not economical and convenient.

For example, the Chinese patent document whose application publication number is CN102280553A discloses a digital display gravity acceleration tester, which is mainly composed of a tray, a pressure sensor, and a data calculator. The gravitational force on the object is simply calculated as g=G/M to determine the gravitational acceleration g value.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is: to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a laboratory environmental parameter that integrates the measurement of various environmental parameters such as the acceleration of gravity, temperature, humidity, light intensity, magnetic declination and atmospheric pressure in the laboratory A comprehensive measuring instrument and a method for measuring gravity acceleration parameter values by using the laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument.

The technical solution of the present invention is: the laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present invention, its structural characteristics are: include operation control module, humidity measurement module, illumination module, air pressure module, magnetic declination measurement module, temperature measurement module, position measurement Module, LCD display module, button;

The above-mentioned humidity measurement module is provided with a humidity signal output terminal; the light module is provided with a light signal output terminal; the air pressure module is provided with an air pressure signal output terminal; the magnetic declination measurement module is provided with a magnetic declination signal output terminal; Signal output terminal; the location measurement module is provided with a geographic location signal output terminal; the LCD display module is provided with a display signal input terminal and a control signal input terminal; the button is provided with a signal output terminal;

The operation control module is equipped with humidity signal input end, light signal input end, air pressure signal input end, magnetic declination signal input end, temperature signal input end, geographic location signal input end, display signal output end, display control signal output end and buttons signal input;

The humidity signal input end of the operation control module is electrically connected with the humidity signal output end of the humidity measurement module; the light signal input end of the operation control module is electrically connected with the light signal output end of the light module; the air pressure signal input end of the operation control module is connected with the air pressure module The air pressure signal output terminal of the calculation control module is electrically connected with the magnetic declination signal output terminal of the magnetic declination measurement module; the temperature signal input terminal of the calculation control module is connected with the temperature signal output of the temperature measurement module terminal electrical connection; the geographic position signal input end of the operation control module is electrically connected with the geographic position signal output end of the position measurement module; the display signal input end of the LCD display module is electrically connected with the display signal output end of the operation control module; the LCD display module The control signal input end is electrically connected to the display control signal output end of the operation control module; the key signal input end of the operation control module is electrically connected to the signal output end of the key;

The above-mentioned position measurement module includes a GPS signal receiver capable of receiving longitude, latitude and altitude information; the operation control module includes a device that extracts the latitude and altitude information received by the position measurement module and calculates the gravitational acceleration value according to the built-in program and algorithm. microcontroller.

A further solution is: the model of the single-chip microcomputer of the above-mentioned operation control module is STC89C51; the humidity measurement module includes a humidity sensor of the model DHT11; the light module includes a light sensor of the model BH1750; the air pressure module includes the air pressure sensor of the model BMP085; The angle measurement module includes a high-precision digital compass model HMC5883L; the temperature measurement module includes a temperature sensor model DS18b20; the LCD display module includes a liquid crystal display model LCD12864.

A further solution is: the above buttons are components, including temperature output buttons, humidity output buttons, magnetic declination output buttons, light output buttons, air pressure output buttons and gravity acceleration output buttons.

Utilize the method for measuring the acceleration of gravity value with the above-mentioned comprehensive measuring instrument for laboratory environment parameters, comprising the following steps:

①The single-chip microcomputer extracts the latitude value θ received by the position measurement module, and the single-chip microcomputer uses the built-in standard formula of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics:

g _θ =9.780321(1+0.00530244sin ² θ-0.00000580sin ² 2θ)m/s ²

Calculate the earth's gravitational acceleration g _θ at the altitude of 0 at this latitude;

②The single-chip microcomputer extracts the altitude value x received by the position measurement module, and the single-chip microcomputer corrects the formula through the gravity vertical gradient:

g _h =-3.08769×10 ^-6 (1-0.0014437sin ² θ)x

Calculate the correction value g _h of the gravitational acceleration value g _θ ;

③Single-chip microcomputer calculates the actual gravitational acceleration value g of the current location according to the formula g=g _θ +g _h .

The present invention has positive effects: (1) The laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present invention integrates the measurement functions of multiple parameters such as acceleration of gravity, temperature, humidity, light intensity, magnetic declination, atmospheric pressure, etc., and needs to be measured For the above parameters, you only need to press the corresponding selection button to carry out, the operation is simple and convenient, and it is easy to carry. (2) The laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present invention overcomes the tediousness of requiring multiple measuring instruments to measure different parameter values separately in the prior art, can greatly save time cost and instrument purchase cost, and improve work efficiency. (3) Utilize the method for measuring the acceleration of gravity using the laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present invention, which receives the GPS signal through the position measurement module, and transmits information such as longitude, latitude and altitude of the laboratory to the operation control module, and the operation control module According to the built-in program and calculation formula, the gravity acceleration value is calculated by itself and displayed by the LCD display module. The measurement of the gravity acceleration parameter value is convenient and fast. (4) The laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present invention is suitable for measuring environmental parameters in physics laboratories and other professional laboratories such as chemistry, electronics, biology, etc., and has strong applicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.

The reference signs in the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are as follows:

Calculation control module 1, humidity measurement module 2, illumination module 3, air pressure module 4, magnetic declination measurement module 5, temperature measurement module 6, position measurement module 7, LCD display module 8, keys 9.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

(Example 1)

See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present embodiment, mainly consists of operation control module 1, humidity measurement module 2, illumination module 3, air pressure module 4, magnetic declination measurement module 5, temperature measurement module 6 , a position measurement module 7, an LCD display module 8, a button 9, and a power module and a housing not shown in the figure.

The LCD display module 8 and the buttons 9 are fixedly installed on the housing, and other modules are installed in the housing.

The power supply module provides +5V working power VCC for the operation control module 1, humidity measurement module 2, illumination module 3, air pressure module 4, magnetic declination measurement module 5, temperature measurement module 6, position measurement module 7 and LCD display module 8.

The humidity measurement module 2 is provided with a humidity signal output terminal; the illumination module 3 is provided with an illumination signal output terminal; the air pressure module 4 is provided with an air pressure signal output terminal; the magnetic declination measurement module 5 is provided with a magnetic declination signal output terminal; the temperature measurement module 6 A temperature signal output terminal is provided; the position measurement module 7 is provided with a geographic position signal output terminal; the LCD display module 8 is provided with a display signal input terminal and a control signal input terminal; the button 9 is provided with a signal output terminal;

The operation control module 1 is provided with a humidity signal input end, an illumination signal input end, an air pressure signal input end, a magnetic declination signal input end, a temperature signal input end, a geographic position signal input end, a display signal output end, a display control signal output end and Key signal input terminal.

The humidity signal input end of the arithmetic control module 1 is electrically connected to the humidity signal output end of the humidity measurement module 2; the light signal input end of the arithmetic control module 1 is electrically connected to the light signal output end of the light module 3; the air pressure signal of the arithmetic control module 1 The input end is electrically connected to the air pressure signal output end of the air pressure module 4; the magnetic declination signal input end of the operation control module 1 is electrically connected to the magnetic declination signal output end of the magnetic declination measurement module 5; the temperature signal input of the operation control module 1 end is electrically connected with the temperature signal output end of the temperature measurement module 6; the geographic position signal input end of the operation control module 1 is electrically connected with the geographic position signal output end of the position measurement module 7; the display signal input end of the LCD display module 8 is connected with the operation control The display signal output end of the module 1 is electrically connected; the control signal input end of the LCD display module 8 is electrically connected to the display control signal output end of the operation control module 1; the key signal input end of the operation control module 1 is electrically connected to the signal output end of the key 9 connect.

The operation control module 1 is composed of a single-chip microcomputer U1, a reset circuit, a clock circuit and a resistance bank RP2. The single-chip microcomputer U1 can adopt the single-chip microcomputer (MCU) that the model is STC89C51 or STC89C52, and in the present embodiment, preferably adopt the single-chip microcomputer that the model is STC89C51, and it is provided with 1 to 40 altogether 40 connecting pins (functional end). The reset circuit is composed of an electrolytic capacitor C3, a resistor R1 and a reset button Reset, and the reset button Reset is installed on the casing. One end of the reset button Reset and the positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3 are connected to the power supply VCC; the other end of the reset button Reset, the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R1 have a common contact, which is connected to the No. 9 terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U1 (RESET terminal ) is electrically connected; the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded. The clock circuit is composed of capacitor C1, capacitor C2 and crystal oscillator CRY1. One end of capacitor C1 and one end of crystal oscillator CRY1 have a common contact, which is electrically connected to No. 18 terminal (X2 end) of microcontroller U1; the other end of crystal oscillator CRY1 is connected to One end of the capacitor C2 has a common contact, which is electrically connected to the No. 19 terminal (X1 end) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; the other end of the capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are commonly grounded. The resistance row RP2 is composed of 8 resistors, and one end of the 8 resistors of the resistor row RP2 is connected to the power supply VCC; the other end of the 8 resistors of the resistor row RP2 is connected to the No. 32 terminal (P07 terminal) of the microcontroller U1 to the No. 39 terminal pin (P00 terminals) are electrically connected one by one to form 8 common contacts, and the 8 common contacts together constitute the display signal output terminal of the operation control module 1; the function of the resistor row RP2 is to pull up the signal voltage output to the LCD display module flat. Connecting pin 40 (VCC terminal) and terminal 31 (EA/VP terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 are both connected to the power supply VCC, and connecting pin 20 (GND terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is grounded.

The No. 1 terminal (P10 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is set as the humidity signal input terminal of the operation control module 1; the No. 22 terminal (P21 terminal) and No. 23 terminal (P22 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 are jointly set as the operation control module 1 The light signal input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U1; the 16th terminal (WR terminal) and the 17th terminal (RD terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 are jointly set as the air pressure signal input terminal of the operation control module 1; the 14th terminal of the single-chip microcomputer U1 (T0 terminal) Together with pin No. 15 (T1 terminal), it is set as the magnetic declination signal input terminal of operation control module 1; No. 21 terminal pin (P20 terminal) of single-chip microcomputer U1 is set as the temperature signal input terminal of calculation control module 1; Connecting pin 10 (RXD terminal) and terminal 11 (TXD terminal) are jointly set as the geographic location signal input terminal of operation control module 1; connecting pin 24 (P23 terminal) to terminal 28 (P27 terminal) ) jointly constitute the display control signal output terminal of the operation control module 1; the No. 2 terminal (P11 terminal) to the No. 7 terminal pin (P16 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 jointly constitute the key signal input terminal of the calculation control module 1; other terminals of the single-chip microcomputer U1 Wiring pins are vacant.

The humidity measurement module 2 is mainly composed of a humidity sensor and a resistor R4. In this embodiment, the model of the humidity sensor is preferably a DHT11 humidity sensor. The wiring pin and one end of the resistor R4 are in line to form a common contact, which is the humidity signal output terminal of the humidity measurement module 2 (the electrical connection shown in Figure 2 is marked as P1.0), and the No. 4 pin of the humidity sensor Grounding; pin 3 of the humidity sensor is vacant; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the resistor R4 is used to pull up the signal level output to the microcontroller U1.

The light module 3 is mainly composed of a light sensor, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3. In this embodiment, the model of the light sensor is preferably the BH1750 light sensor, and the light sensor has a total of 5 wiring pins No. The No. 2 and No. 5 connecting pins of the sensor are both grounded; the No. 3 connecting pin of the light sensor is in line with the other end of the resistor R2 to form a common contact (the electrical connection shown in Figure 2 is marked as P2.1). The common contact is electrically connected to the No. 22 terminal (P21 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 of the operation control module 1; the No. 4 terminal of the light sensor is in line with the other end of the resistor R3 to form a common contact (the electrical connection shown in Figure 2 Marked as P2.2), the common contact is electrically connected to the No. 23 terminal (P22 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; these two common contacts together constitute the light signal output end of the light module 3 .

The air pressure module 4 is mainly composed of an air pressure sensor. In this embodiment, the preferred model of the air pressure sensor is an air pressure sensor of BMP085. The air pressure sensor has a total of 7 wiring pins from No. 1 to No. 7. The No. 1 wiring pin is grounded, and the No. 2 wiring pin is connected to the power supply. VCC, No. 3 wiring pin of the air pressure sensor (the electrical connection marked as P3.6 in Figure 2) and No. 4 wiring pin (the electrical connection marked as P3.7 in Figure 2) together constitute the air pressure signal output terminal of the air pressure module 4 ; No. 3 wiring pin of the air pressure sensor is electrically connected to No. 16 wiring pin (WR end) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; No. 4 wiring pin of the air pressure sensor is electrically connected to No. 17 wiring pin (RD end) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; Pins 6 and 7 are vacant.

The magnetic declination measurement module 5 is mainly composed of a high-precision digital compass. In the present embodiment, the preferred model of the high-precision digital compass is a high-precision digital compass of HMC5883L; Its No. 1 terminal pin is connected to the power supply VCC, and No. 4 terminal pin is grounded; No. 2 terminal pin of the high-precision digital compass (marked as P3.4 for electrical connection in Figure 2) and No. 3 terminal pin (marked for electrical connection in Figure 2 P3.5) jointly constitute the magnetic declination signal output terminal of the magnetic declination measurement module 5; the No. 2 terminal of the high-precision digital compass is electrically connected with the No. 14 terminal (T0 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; the terminal of the high-precision digital compass Terminal pin 3 is electrically connected to terminal pin 15 (terminal T1) of the single-chip microcomputer U1.

The temperature measurement module 6 is mainly composed of a temperature sensor and a resistor R5. In this embodiment, the preferred model of the temperature sensor is a temperature sensor of DS18b20, which has No. 1, 2, and 3 pins, and its No. 1 pin is grounded; No. 3 pin One end of the resistor R5 is connected to the power supply VCC, and its No. 2 terminal and the other end of the resistor R5 form a common contact due to collinearity (the electrical connection is marked as DQ in Figure 2), and the common contact is the temperature measurement module 6 The temperature signal output terminal of the single chip microcomputer U1 is electrically connected to the No. 21 terminal (P20 terminal).

The position measurement module 7 is mainly composed of a GPS signal receiver. In this embodiment, the model of the GPS signal receiver is preferably the GR-87GPS module, which has 6 connecting pins from No. 1 to No. 6, and its No. 6 connecting pin (power supply terminal) Connect to the power supply VCC, its No. 2 terminal (ground terminal) is grounded, the No. 4 terminal of the GPS signal receiver (the electrical connection marked as RXD in Figure 2) and the No. 5 terminal (the electrical connection marked as TXD in Figure 2 ) jointly constitute the geographic position signal output terminal of the position measurement module 7; the No. 4 terminal pin of the GPS signal receiver is electrically connected with the No. 10 terminal pin (RXD end) of the single-chip U1; the No. 5 terminal pin of the GPS signal receiver is connected with the single-chip microcomputer U1 The 11th terminal (TXD end) of the GPS signal receiver is electrically connected; the 1st and 3rd terminal pins of the GPS signal receiver are vacant.

The LCD display module 8 is mainly composed of a liquid crystal display and a 10K ohm variable electric unit RW. In this embodiment, the preferred model of the liquid crystal display is LCD12864, which has a total of 20 wiring pins from 1 to 20; Both pin 1 and pin 20 of the LCD display are grounded, pin 19 of the LCD is connected to the power supply VCC; pin 17, pin 15, pin 6, and pin 5 of the LCD are connected to the ground. The pin and the No. 4 pin together constitute the control signal input end of the LCD display module 8; the No. 17 pin of the LCD is electrically connected with the No. 24 pin (P23 end) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; the No. 15 pin of the LCD is connected with the The No. 28 terminal pin (P27 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is electrically connected; the No. 6 terminal pin of the liquid crystal display is electrically connected with the No. 27 terminal pin (P26 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; No. terminal pin (P25 terminal) is electrically connected; No. 4 terminal pin of the liquid crystal display is electrically connected with No. Display signal input terminal; No. 3 wiring pin of the LCD screen is electrically connected to the movable end of the variable resistor RW; No. 2 wiring pin of the LCD screen and a fixed end of the variable resistor RW are both connected to the power supply VCC; The other fixed end of the variable resistor RW is grounded.

Button 9 is a component, including temperature output button S1, humidity output button S2, magnetic declination output button S3, light output button S4, air pressure output button S5 and gravity acceleration output button S6, a total of 6 switch buttons. One terminal of the temperature output button S1, one terminal of the humidity output button S2, one terminal of the magnetic declination output button S3, one terminal of the light output button S4, one terminal of the air pressure output button S5, and the output of gravity acceleration One terminal of button S6 together constitutes the signal output terminal of button 9; another terminal of temperature output button S1, another terminal of humidity output button S2, another terminal of magnetic declination output button S3, light output button The other terminal of S4, the other terminal of air pressure output button S5 and the other terminal of gravity acceleration output button S6 are all grounded. The non-ground terminal of the temperature output button S1 (the electrical connection marked as P1.1 in Figure 2) is electrically connected to the No. 2 terminal (P11 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 of the operation control module 1; the non-ground terminal of the humidity output button S2 The terminal (marked as P1.2 in Figure 2 for electrical connection) is electrically connected to the No. 3 terminal (P12 terminal) of the microcontroller U1; Marked as P1.3) is electrically connected to the No. 4 terminal (P13 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; the non-grounded terminal of the light output button S4 (marked as P1.4 for electrical connection in Figure 2) is electrically connected to No. 5 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 The terminal pin (P14 terminal) is electrically connected; the non-ground terminal of the air pressure output button S5 (marked as P1.5 for electrical connection in Figure 2) is electrically connected to the No. 6 terminal pin (P15 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1; the gravity acceleration output The non-ground terminal of the button S6 (the electrical connection marked as P1.6 in FIG. 2 ) is electrically connected to the No. 7 terminal (P16 terminal) of the single-chip microcomputer U1.

The working principle and working method of the laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present embodiment are as follows:

After turning on the laboratory environment parameter comprehensive measuring instrument (hereinafter referred to as the machine) of this embodiment (hereinafter referred to as the machine), place it in a suitable position in the laboratory, and the machine enters the working state. After about ten seconds, the humidity measurement of the machine Module 2 detects the humidity parameters of the laboratory, the light module 3 detects the light intensity parameters, the air pressure module 4 detects the air pressure parameters, the magnetic declination measurement module 5 detects the magnetic declination parameters, and the temperature measurement module 6 detects the temperature parameters. The measurement module 7 receives the GPS system signal to obtain the longitude, latitude and altitude information of the current laboratory, and each module transmits the corresponding parameters or information to the single-chip microcomputer U1 of the operation control module 1 in real time;

The single-chip microcomputer U1 receives relevant information and performs corresponding processing. When the user needs to know the current temperature, humidity, magnetic declination, light intensity, air pressure, or the parameter value of the acceleration of gravity, he only needs to press the corresponding temperature output button in button 9 S1, humidity output button S2, magnetic declination output button S3, light output button S4, air pressure output button S5 or gravity acceleration output button S6, the single-chip microcomputer U1 connects P11 to P16 ports electrically connected to each button of button 9 according to the built-in program Carry out inspection, when detecting which button is pressed, the single-chip microcomputer U1 will transmit the parameter value corresponding to the button to the LCD display module 8 for digital display.

Utilize the method for measuring the acceleration of gravity value of the laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument of the present embodiment, comprise the following steps:

① The single-chip microcomputer U1 extracts the latitude value θ received by the position measurement module 7, and the single-chip microcomputer U1 uses the standard formula of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics built into the program:

g _θ =9.780321(1+0.00530244sin ² θ-0.00000580sin ² 2θ)m/s ²

Calculate the earth's gravitational acceleration g _θ at the altitude of 0 at this latitude;

②The single-chip microcomputer U1 extracts the altitude value x received by the position measurement module 7, and the single-chip microcomputer U1 corrects the formula through the gravity vertical gradient:

g _h =-3.08769×10 ^-6 (1-0.0014437sin ² θ)x

That is the formula: dg _h /dh=-3.08769×10 ^-6 (1-0.0014437sin ² θ)

Or formula: g _h =-∫3.08769×10 ^-6 (1-0.0014437sin ² θ)dx

Calculate the correction value g _h of the gravitational acceleration value g _θ ;

③Single-chip microcomputer (U1) calculates the actual gravitational acceleration value g of the current location according to the formula g=g _θ +g _h .

The above embodiments are descriptions of specific implementations of the present invention, rather than limitations of the present invention. Those skilled in the relevant technical fields can also make various transformations and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Corresponding equivalent technical solutions, therefore all equivalent technical solutions should fall into the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A comprehensive measuring instrument for laboratory environmental parameters, characterized in that it includes an operation control module (1), a humidity measurement module (2), a light module (3), an air pressure module (4), and a magnetic declination measurement module (5 ), temperature measurement module (6), position measurement module (7), LCD display module (8), button (9); The humidity measurement module (2) is provided with a humidity signal output terminal; the light module (3) is provided with a light signal output terminal; the air pressure module (4) is provided with an air pressure signal output terminal; the magnetic declination measurement module (5) is provided with The magnetic declination signal output terminal; the temperature measurement module (6) is provided with a temperature signal output terminal; the position measurement module (7) is provided with a geographic location signal output terminal; the LCD display module (8) is provided with a display signal input terminal and a control signal input terminal terminal; the button (9) is provided with a signal output terminal; The calculation control module (1) is equipped with humidity signal input end, light signal input end, air pressure signal input end, magnetic declination signal input end, temperature signal input end, geographic location signal input end, display signal output end, display control signal output terminal and key signal input terminal; The humidity signal input terminal of the calculation control module (1) is electrically connected to the humidity signal output terminal of the humidity measurement module (2); the light signal input terminal of the calculation control module (1) is electrically connected to the light signal output terminal of the light module (3) The air pressure signal input end of the operation control module (1) is electrically connected to the air pressure signal output end of the air pressure module (4); the magnetic declination signal input end of the operation control module (1) is connected to the magnetic declination measurement module (5) The deflection angle signal output end is electrically connected; the temperature signal input end of the operation control module (1) is electrically connected with the temperature signal output end of the temperature measurement module (6); the geographic location signal input end of the operation control module (1) is connected to the position measurement module The geographical position signal output terminal of (7) is electrically connected; the display signal input terminal of the LCD display module (8) is electrically connected with the display signal output terminal of the operation control module (1); the control signal input terminal of the LCD display module (8) is connected with The display control signal output terminal of the calculation control module (1) is electrically connected; the key signal input terminal of the calculation control module (1) is electrically connected with the signal output terminal of the key (9); The position measurement module (7) includes a GPS signal receiver capable of receiving longitude, latitude and altitude information; the operation control module (1) includes the latitude and altitude information received by the position measurement module (7) The program and algorithm calculate the single-chip microcomputer (U1) of the acceleration value of gravity; the magnetic declination measurement module (5) includes a high-precision digital compass model HMC5883L; The model of the microcontroller (U1) of the operation control module (1) is STC89C51; the humidity measurement module (2) includes a humidity sensor of the model DHT11; the light module (3) includes a light sensor of the model BH1750; the air pressure module (4 ) includes an air pressure sensor of model BMP085; the temperature measurement module (6) includes a temperature sensor of model DS18b20; the LCD display module (8) includes a liquid crystal display of model LCD12864; The button (9) is a component, including temperature output button (S1), humidity output button (S2), magnetic declination output button (S3), light output button (S4), air pressure output button (S5) and gravity acceleration Output button (S6). 2. utilize the method for measuring the acceleration of gravity value of the laboratory environmental parameter comprehensive measuring instrument claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: ①The single-chip microcomputer (U1) extracts the latitude value received by the position measurement module (7) , the MCU (U1) through the built-in standard formula of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics: Calculate the earth's gravitational acceleration at the altitude of 0 at this latitude ; ②The single-chip microcomputer (U1) extracts the altitude value x received by the position measurement module (7), and the single-chip microcomputer (U1) corrects the formula through the gravity vertical gradient: Calculate the acceleration of gravity Correction value of ; ③MCU (U1) according to the formula , calculate the actual gravitational acceleration value g at the current location.