CN103936520A - Ecological slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103936520A CN103936520A CN201410175807.9A CN201410175807A CN103936520A CN 103936520 A CN103936520 A CN 103936520A CN 201410175807 A CN201410175807 A CN 201410175807A CN 103936520 A CN103936520 A CN 103936520A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen sulfate;hydroxide Chemical compound O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010048259 Zinc deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 3
- -1 carboxylamine amine Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940090496 Urease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].NC(N)=O Chemical compound [N].NC(N)=O PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
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- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological slow release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The ecological slow release fertilizer is prepared from basic material urea, a covering agent which is aqueous weathered coal and/or turf, and a binder which is an aqueous solution of attapulgite and chitin. Compared with simple urea, the ecological slow release fertilizer has the advantages that the nitrogen loss is low, soil nutrients are activated, nutrient elements such as medium trace elements are gradually released in a complexing state so as to meet the nutritional requirements of crops steadily, evenly, sufficiently and appropriately, and therefore the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased, the residual toxicity of a pesticide is degraded and agricultural environmental pollution is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, in particular to a kind of ecological efficient slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Urea is domestic and international topmost nitrogen fertilizers, and a kind of fertilizer that Ye Shi world today turnout and usage quantity are maximum, accounts for the more than 60% of nitrogenous fertilizer total amount.Urea is the non-acid group class of acid amides state nitrogenous fertilizer, and nitrogen content is up to 46%, does not harden, not salinization, acidified soil not, is applicable to many crops and soil.But after being manured into soil, urea is very easily converted into nitric nitrogen or gaseous losses, and because the various factors such as unstable of unreasonable use nitrogenous fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer chemical property has affected the utilization ratio of urea, make this season utilization ratio only have 25～30%, and indivedual area is only 15～20%.If application technique is improper, utilization ratio can be lower, also the most easily causes ecological environmental pollution.Therefore extend the urea efficiency phase, improving nitrogen utilization efficiency is the important topic of fertilizer scientific research.Because utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is low, cause agriculture production cost rising, agricultural-food input and output than decline, ecological environmental pollution.China's urea annual production reaches 5,400 ten thousand tons, and the every rising one percentage point of urea utilization ratio, just equals to have saved 540,000 tons of urea, is equivalent to the output of large-scale urea plant whole year; By 1.5 tons of urea coal consumptions per ton, power consumption 1000 degree, can save 810,000 tons, raw coal, economize on electricity 5.4 hundred million degree electricity.Therefore, improving the utilization ratio of utilization ratio, the especially urea of nitrogenous fertilizer, is the strategic measure of benefiting the nation and the people.
Due to urea good water solubility, easily outflow with water, therefore how by rational formula and preparation method, urea can slowly be discharged, very useful to improving its utilization ratio.Although in prior art, report some slow-release carbamides and preparation method thereof, for example:
1, sulfur-coated urea is with sulphur coated urea, and the advantage of this technique art is that sulphur used is Drug coating, is again middle amount nutritive element, but along with the raising of world's Sulfur price, the cost of sulphur coated urea is constantly soaring.
2, plastics coated urea can reach the object of slow controlled release, but production cost is high, the plastic film of dressing
Be difficult for decomposing contaminated soil, domestic few employing.
3, solubility in citric acid Fei Bao urea Zhengzhou University is permitted elegant one-tenth and is used the solubility in citric acid fertilizer coated ureas such as fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, effectively reduces production cost, but coating bed thickness makes urea content reduction a lot.
4, be amide nitrogen fertilizer with urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitor urea, its nitrogenous fertilizer can not be absorbed by plants, and the essential enzymolysis through soil enzyme, makes it be decomposed into carboxylamine amine, then be converted into volatile salt, is absorbed and used by plants with the form of ammonium nitrogen.Therefore, the activity of soil urease determines quantity and the speed that urea-N transformation is ammonium nitrogen, warmer because weather is on average cultivated by China, the conversion of ammonium nitrogen is very fast, crop has little time whole absorptions, and a part is converted into volatile gaseous nitrogen loss, and a part of leaching outflows with water.Therefore first the utilization ratio that improves blood urea nitrogen is to control the activity of soil urease, to meet the needs of Crop nitrogen, controls subsequently the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen.The synergy that adopts urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, the former suppresses urase bacterium, and the latter suppresses nitrobacteria, forms the long-acting carbamide of mixed matching urea addn.But the method cost is high, use inconvenient.
5, humic acids coated urea number of patent application (99117649), adopts Na
2siO
3make the organic matter of tackiness agent parcel containing humic acids, but Na
2siO
3alkalescence is strong, and easy and urea reaction causes the loss of nitrogen, although the method has increased humic acids, can not provide middle trace element, also limited to the raising of urea utilization ratio.
Therefore, how developing a kind of ecological slow-release fertilizer that can overcome prior art defect is those skilled in the art's technical problems urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect for prior art, provide one to receive ecological slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, in order to realize object of the present invention, intend adopting following technical scheme.
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological slow-release fertilizer, its raw materials comprises basic material urea, and coating agent is moisture weathered coal and/or the peat composed of rotten mosses, and tackiness agent is attapulgite and chitin water soluble liquid; The weight ratio of urea and coating agent is 500～550:200～350; Chitin consumption is 10-20kg/T, is preferably 14-18kg/T slow-release fertilizer; The consumption of attapulgite is 100～150kg/T slow-release fertilizer; Weathered coal water content 25-35%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described slow-release fertilizer also comprises the inorganic salt Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate 12-20kg/T slow-release fertilizer of middle trace element, and Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate joins in slow-release fertilizer with the inner complex reacting with humic acids.
Relate in another aspect of this invention the preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release fertilizer, it is characterized in that described slow-release fertilizer is prepared from as follows:
(1) peat composed of rotten mosses, the activation treatment of weathered coal
In the peat composed of rotten mosses, weathered coal, add the activator (activator is selected from bicarbonate of ammonia, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) of 8-12%, place 3-5 days;
(2) batch mixing, granulation
In agitator, add urea and add chitin solution by its moistened surface, then add attapulgite and optional middle microelement chelate, after parcel small particle urea, send granulation disc granulation, polished finish;
(3) oven dry, cooling
The high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer of balling-up is sent into dryer by rotary conveyor, adjust 130～150 DEG C of inlet temperature, 35～45 DEG C of air outlet temperatures, dry, cooling;
(4) sieve, pack
Directly sieve without cooler from dryer material out, remove a small amount of dust, its dust returns to batch mixing granulation, finished product packing.
Ecological slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is compared with simple urea, and nitrogen loss is few, has activated soil nutrient, and middle trace element waits nutritive element to discharge gradually with complex state, supplies with crop alimentary needs steady, even, sufficient, suitablely, thereby has improved chemical fertilizer utilization ratio.Humate or a kind of drought resistance agent, can promote root system development, improve improving activity of root system, make the more moisture of Root Absorption and nutrient, reduce the stomatal opening intensity of plant leaf, reduce blade face transpiration, thereby reduce plant vivo oxidation enzymic activity and other Metabolic activities, stimulate physiological metabolism, enhancing development, if impel seed to germinate ahead of time, stimulate root elongation.Chitin, all right degrading pesticide residues toxicity of humate, reduce agricultural environment pollution in addition.
In sum, no matter this product still has larger meaning economically in social benefit, and by the deep enforcement along with national the Sustainable Development Strategy and the generally raising of relevant industries to environment-friendly fertilizer understanding both at home and abroad, high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer will be brought into play its advantage, for the whole society creates larger benefit.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1: the process flow diagram of method one;
Fig. 2: the process flow diagram of method two;
Fig. 3: the process flow diagram of method two;
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
1, test materials
Urea: N >=46%, moisture≤2%;
Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate: Zn >=31.8%;
The peat composed of rotten mosses: organic content 45～55%, moisture 20～28%;
Weathered coal: organic content 50～55%, moisture 20～30%;
Attapulgite: fineness 325 orders, moisture 10%;
Chitin;
2, preparation method
It is that urea is pulverized that method one, urea are pulverized compound comminution granulation the method, with through the additive such as the peat composed of rotten mosses or weathered coal, attapulgite of activation treatment after mixture making plate is mixed thoroughly, send into granulation disc with rotary conveyor, the balling-up of spraying water on granulation disc, after balling-up through drying, cooling, sieve (as shown in Figure 1).
The defect of the method: balling ratio is lower than 50%, and coal consumption is high, class's output is less than 25 tons, the rough of making, comprehensively granulation cost reaches 65 yuan/ton.
Method two, granular urea compound comminution granulation be by granular urea directly and after weathered coal, attapulgite, micro-compound, the granulation of spraying water on granulation disc, drying, cooling, sieve (as shown in Figure 2).
Use the method, have 40% granular urea to be wrapped up by weathered coal, have 30～45% urea not to be combined with weathered coal, be still exposed white, have 30% to be that many granular ureas are agglomerating, yield rate is lower than 45%, coal consumption reaches 75kg/T, and class's output is less than 20T, and combined ratio reaches 68 yuan/ton.
Method three, weathered coal wrap up through the wetting urea of tackiness agent
Processing method following (as shown in Figure 3):
The I peat composed of rotten mosses, the activation treatment of weathered coal
In the peat composed of rotten mosses, weathered coal, add 10% activator, place 3-5 days.
Trace element chelated reaction in II
The inorganic salt of middle trace element are reacted to the inner complex that makes it trace element in generation with humic acids.
III batch mixing, granulation
In agitator, add urea and add chitin solution by its moistened surface, then add microelement chelate in attapulgite and humic acids, after parcel small particle urea, send granulation disc granulation, polished finish.
IV oven dry, cooling
The high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer of balling-up is sent into dryer by rotary conveyor, adjust 160～200 DEG C of inlet temperature, 35～45 DEG C of air outlet temperatures, dry, cooling.
V is sieved, is packed
Directly sieve without cooler from dryer material out, remove a small amount of dust, its dust returns to batch mixing granulation, finished product packing.
The selection of bake out temperature
Output one timing, the height of inlet temperature has determined the height of product moisture content, the moisture taking 5% is moderate content.The relation of temperature and product moisture content is as following table:
Table 1 inlet temperature and product moisture content
| Temperature | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ |
| Inlet temperature | 230～250℃ | 160～180℃ | 130～150℃ |
| Air outlet temperature | 55～65℃ | 40～45℃ | 35～40℃ |
| Product moisture content | 2％ | 5％ | 10％ |
According to the result of test, by the company standard requirement of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer, determine 130～150 DEG C of inlet temperature.
Use the method, granular urea 100% is wrapped up by weathered coal, yield rate 90～95%, and coal consumption reaches 25kg/T, spend/T of power consumption 45, the output 45T of class, combined ratio reaches 45 yuan/ton.
The result of three kinds of experiments shows no matter be granulation cost or product appearance quality, method three is feasible.
Test-results is as table 2:
The result contrast of three kinds of experimental techniques of table 2
Three, composition of raw materials screening and Product Process feature
According to the production method of processing method three, screening technology formula is as follows:
1, composition of raw materials screening
1. the ratio basic material of urea and weathered coal is urea, and coating agent is weathered coal or the peat composed of rotten mosses, and tackiness agent is attapulgite and chitin solution.In one timing of tackiness agent ratio, choose the optimum proportion of urea and weathered coal.
Table 3 urea and the impact of weathered coal ratio on product characteristics
Note: weathered coal is amounted to into 5% water content meter.
According to the ratio of test urea and weathered coal taking 500～550:200～350 as suitable.
2. the ratio of chitin water soluble bonding agent
Determining after the ratio of urea and weathered coal the selection of binder dosage.
The selection of table 4 chitin water soluble bonding agent consumption
According to test chitin water soluble bonding agent consumption with 15kg/T for well.
3. the consumption of attapulgite
Determining on the basis of urea, weathered coal, tackiness agent ratio, select the optimum amount of attapulgite.
The optimum amount of table 5 attapulgite
According to test-results, the consumption of attapulgite is that 100～150kg/T is for best.
4. kind and the consumption thereof of trace element in
China's dryland soil has 85.4% scarce zinc, wherein 58.6% the serious zinc that lacks; Rice soil has 63.6% soil zinc deficiency.The rational application of fertilizers that clay fertilizer department carried out is in recent years chemically examined soil, shows that the degree of present soil zinc deficiency is still very serious, and four experimental field all lack zinc (in table 10).Zinc has become the restraining factors that improve nitrogen phosphorus potassium utilization ratio, is also the restraining factors that improve crop yield.Corn, paddy rice are the crops very sensitive to zinc, need zinc more; Wheat needs zinc also more.According to Baiyin City, agricultural sector is investigated recently, and Baiyin Region has found that many local wheats show serious zinc deficiency symptom.From nearest 1 year test result analysis, use the fertile effect of increasing production of high-efficiency sustained-release the most remarkable.In production, high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer per ton adds 16 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Monohydrates can reach 0.5% content.
The result of comprehensive above-mentioned single factor experiment, drafts the fertile technical recipe of high-efficiency sustained-release (in table 6).
The fertile technical recipe kg/T of table 6 high-efficiency sustained-release
2, Product Process feature
I chitin solution, as parcel Granulating Bonding Agent, closely wraps up humic acids material and urea, has extended the fertilizer efficiency of urea, and makes the fertile function that increases sterilization and disinsection of high-efficiency sustained-release.
Activated weathered coal and peat composed of rotten mosses short texture, be difficult to fine and close coated urea particle, if add too much rod soil, effective constituent declines, and increase the difficulty of drying.This process using chitin solution is as bonding coating agent, and consumption is few, and viscosity is large, effective, due to the adsorption of humic acid activity group to urea, makes urea have the slow feature of Ji mutually, can effectively improve the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer.Meanwhile, chitosan itself is plant growth hormones and sterilizing insecticide, makes high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer possess several functions.
II utilize the chelating of the complexing of urea and chitin, humic acids add in micro-fertilizer, the activity of the micro-fertilizer of Bao Tezhong, active balance plant nutrition.
In micro-fertilizer very easily with fertilizer and soil in phosphate radical and some other material react and lose activity.This technique add taking urea as carrier in trace element, make urea become in the complexing agent of micro-fertilizer, chitin, humic acids are sorbent material and the sequestrants of middle trace element, the activity of micro-fertilizer in effectively having ensured.
III adopts granulating method compound fertilizer pelletizing equipment, simplifies granulation process, reduces granulation cost, and granulation process adopts batch mixing, granulation entirely integrated, dries, to make to wrap up granulation cost be only the half of common compound fertilizer pelletizing cost to cooling integration.
3, product performance
Form chitin film on urea top layer, and utilize its viscosity by be rich in humic acids organism, in micro-fertilizer, synergistic agent etc. be wrapped in urea skin.Complete the transformation by crude substance instead of chemical substance change fertilizer primary characteristic.After this product is manured into soil, form several nutrient pools taking particle as unit, it has increase soil organic matter content, improvement fertilizing soil; Promote plant establishment to tiller, promote leaf growth speed; Improve crop yield and improve the features such as product quality, and there is diseases prevention, disease-resistant performance.This fertilizer can reduce volatilization and the loss of nitrogen, can fully be absorbed by crop, and existing slow release long-acting, helps again slowly mutually; Can also activate various nutrients residual in soil, be continued to absorb by crop, not only can make base manure but also can topdress.
The speed discharging in the aqueous solution through test high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer slows down (in table 7) to some extent.
The speed that table 7 high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer discharges in the aqueous solution
Above evidence high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer has certain slow release effect.
4, effect
The effect of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer on farm crop, by academy of agricultural sciences of Gansu Province fertilizer, nonirrigated farmland institute and academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province money ring respectively at 2012 with four tests cooking wheat, paddy rice and three kinds of crops of corn in 2013.
Test all drafts according to Nationwide Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center that the requirement of " fertilizer efficiency experimental technique code (trying) " carries out.Respectively establish three and process three repetitions, three are treated to: " rush the earth " board ecological nitrogen fertilizer, the contrast of peasant's conventional fertilizer application and the blank of not executing any fertilizer; Field observation is recorded, indoor species test all adopts ordinary method; Mathematical Statistics Analysis all adopts the method for variance analysis and new multipole difference analysis.
1. test method
Table 8 is tested indignant condition
Table 9 process between the situation comparison of applying fertilizer
Table 10 is for examination soil physical and chemical property
Note: the assay method of Soil Available Zinc (Zn) is ASI method, threshold value is 2.0mg ∕ ㎏.
2. field growing proterties
Duration of test is observed four tests respectively, uses high-efficiency sustained-release crop fertile and conventional fertilizer application and all exceedes very significantly the crop growing state of not executing any fertilizer (blank); Use the crop of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer and also can find out the crop than conventional fertilizer application: dark green leaf color, growing way is more vigorous, plant height, spike length, grain number per spike, thousand (hundred) heavy increases (referring to each test brief summary) that have in various degree.
3. volume analysis comparison (in table 11):
Table 11 economic characters and volume analysis comparison
Four tests by 1 year can be found out: on the staple crops such as wheat, paddy rice and corn, use high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer, all have significant production-increasing function (in table 11).
In the situation that using equal nitrogen amount, high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer all has significant effect of increasing production on corn, paddy rice, wheat crop than conventional fertilizer application, and stimulation ratio is 10.25～14.22%.
If year is promoted the use of 50,000 tons of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer, can make peasant increase production 5.85 ten thousand tons of wheats, Wheat price, by 1.5 yuan of/kilogram of calculating, will increase income 8,775 ten thousand yuan.If develop down by this, about 3 years, promote 15～200,000 tons, economic results in society will be multiplied.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an ecological slow-release fertilizer, its raw materials comprises basic material urea, and coating agent is moisture weathered coal and/or the peat composed of rotten mosses, and tackiness agent is attapulgite and chitin water soluble liquid; The weight ratio of urea and coating agent is 500～550:200～350; Chitin consumption is 10-20kg/T, is preferably 14-18kg/T slow-release fertilizer; The consumption of attapulgite is 100～150kg/T slow-release fertilizer; Weathered coal water content 25-35%.
2. ecological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, described slow-release fertilizer also comprises the inorganic salt Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate 12-20kg/T slow-release fertilizer of middle trace element, Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate joins in slow-release fertilizer with the inner complex reacting with humic acids.
3. the preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release fertilizer, is characterized in that described slow-release fertilizer is prepared from as follows:
(1) peat composed of rotten mosses, the activation treatment of weathered coal
In the peat composed of rotten mosses, weathered coal, add the activator of 8-12%, place 3-5 days;
(2) batch mixing, granulation
In agitator, add urea and add chitin solution by its moistened surface, then add attapulgite and optional middle microelement chelate, after parcel small particle urea, send granulation disc granulation, polished finish;
(3) oven dry, cooling
The high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer of balling-up is sent into dryer by rotary conveyor, adjust 130～150 DEG C of inlet temperature, 35～45 DEG C of air outlet temperatures, dry, cooling;
(4) sieve, pack
Directly sieve without cooler from dryer material out, remove a small amount of dust, its dust returns to batch mixing granulation, finished product packing.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that activator is selected from bicarbonate of ammonia, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104496641A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-08 | 河南弘康环保科技有限公司 | Zinc humate synergistic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104945187A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-09-30 | 宁夏黑金新型建材有限公司 | Organic compound fertilizer produced by utilizing attapulgite and production method thereof |
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| CN1490282A (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-21 | 郭宗恒 | Activated humic acid composite fertilizer and its making method |
| CN101570457A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-04 | 安徽省文胜肥业有限责任公司 | Ecological nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102924168A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-13 | 安徽省文胜肥业有限责任公司 | Humic acid silicon-clad nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103254004A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-08-21 | 苏州谷力生物科技有限公司 | Production technology of humic acid sustained-release fertilizer |
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| JPH01141525A (en) * | 1987-11-28 | 1989-06-02 | Izumo Green Kk | Bed soil and production thereof |
| CN1490282A (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-21 | 郭宗恒 | Activated humic acid composite fertilizer and its making method |
| CN101570457A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-04 | 安徽省文胜肥业有限责任公司 | Ecological nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104496641A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-08 | 河南弘康环保科技有限公司 | Zinc humate synergistic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104945187A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-09-30 | 宁夏黑金新型建材有限公司 | Organic compound fertilizer produced by utilizing attapulgite and production method thereof |
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