CN103928550A - Solar cell module and molding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar battery module with excellent weather resistance and reliable sealing performance and a forming method, including a solar chip, and the surrounding of the solar chip is sealed and covered by PVC paste to form a solar battery module. The solar cell module molding material uses PVC paste. Advantages: First, PVC paste is used as the forming material for solar chip mold core sealing, which not only has good UV resistance, low temperature resistance, and weather resistance, but also has a flame retardant level of V-2 to V-0; second, it can be customized according to different users. The shape of the solar panel required to be formed by solar cell modules has not only fundamentally changed the technical prejudice of those skilled in the art that PVC paste cannot be used as a sealing and forming material for solar cells, but also fundamentally changed the solar chip. A technical bias that can be distributed rectangularly but not with shape.

Description

Solar cell module and molding method

technical field

The invention relates to a solar battery module with excellent weather resistance and reliable sealing performance and a molding method, belonging to the field of solar battery sealing material manufacturing.

Background technique

1. CN103189996A, titled "solar cell sealing material", which contains an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer that satisfies the following requirements a1) to a4), a1) the proportion of constituent units derived from ethylene is 80 to 90 mol%, and the source The content ratio of the constituent units of α-olefins with 3 to 20 carbon atoms is 10 to 20 mol%, a2) the MFR measured under the conditions of 190°C and 2.16 kg load in accordance with ASTM D1238 is 2 g/10 minutes or more and Less than 10g/10 minutes, a3) The density measured according to ASTM D1505 is 0.865-0.884g/cm3, a4) The Shore A hardness measured according to ASTM D2240 is 60-85.

2. CN101375409A, titled "solar cell sealing material", contains a cross-linking resin composition (A), and the cross-linking resin composition (A) uses ethylene·(meth)acrylate copolymer as a raw material polymer, Contains the raw material polymer, an organic peroxide and a cross-linking assistant, characterized in that the decomposition temperature (1-hour half-life temperature) of the organic peroxide is below 150°C, and the organic peroxide and the cross-linking assistant The total compounding amount is in the range of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the raw material polymer, and the proportioning ratio of organic peroxide and crosslinking auxiliary agent is that organic peroxide/crosslinking auxiliary agent is calculated by weight ratio. In the range of 1/5～1/0.1.

3. CN 101138095A, the name "solar cell sealing material", is formed by laminating the heat-resistant layer (A) and the buffer layer (B), and the bending rigidity of the adhesive heat-resistant layer (A) and the buffer layer (B) The difference in modulus is at least 30MPa.

4. CN 101872795A, name "solar module packaging structure", including: backplane; glass panel. located above the back plate; a solar cell located between the back plate and the glass panel; an adhesive substance located between the back plate and the glass panel to fix and cover the solar cell; and a first optical plate, Located above the solar cell, wherein the first optical plate is disposed between the glass panel and the solar cell and is located in the adhesive substance, and the light-receiving surface of the first optical plate away from the solar cell is positive and has Concavo-convex structure, and the surface of the first optical plate facing the solar cell is back-facing, and the first optical plate has forward high transmission and back high reflection.

Contents of the invention

Design purpose: To design a solar cell that has excellent weather resistance and reliable sealing performance, and can be independently used as a solar cell sealing material, and at the same time enables the formed solar cell module to work outdoors for a long time and can effectively prevent water vapor from infiltrating. Battery module and forming method.

Design scheme: In order to achieve the above design purpose. The present invention adopts the design of PVC paste as the solar module sealing material, which is the main technical feature of the present invention. The purpose of this design is: it changes the long-term opinion of those skilled in the art that PVC paste can only be used in the field of soft materials due to its good dispersion performance, such as artificial leather, vinyl toys, soft trademarks, wallpaper, paint coatings, foaming, etc. Plastic, etc., cannot be used as a technical bias for sealing and forming materials for solar cells. On the contrary, this application adopts PVC paste as the solar cell sealing and forming material, not only can the solar panel be formed into various shapes according to the user's needs, but also the formed solar cell is easy to cast, has good light transmission effect, heat resistance and impact resistance , tear resistance, and can realize a small amount of multi-variety production. More importantly, the material realizes the fully sealed and all-weather weather-resistant use of solar cells sealed outdoors for a long time.

In this application, an absorber for absorbing ultraviolet rays is added to the PVC paste, because the ultraviolet absorber can absorb the ultraviolet portion of sunlight or fluorescent sources without changing its own structure, and it can convert high-energy ultraviolet light energy into heat energy or no The destructive longer light waves are released, thereby protecting the substance added with the ultraviolet absorber from ultraviolet damage. Adding the ultraviolet absorber to the PVC paste can effectively prevent the ultraviolet rays in the sun from damaging the solar cell sealing module and prolong the solar cell module. service life.

The purpose of adding antioxidants in PVC paste in this application is: because the plasticized PVC paste plastic is easy to age under the action of light, heat, oxygen, solvent, additives, HCl and other factors, that is, degrade or crosslink, making it The physical and mechanical properties deteriorate and the service life is shortened. The addition of antioxidants to the PVC paste of this application can effectively inhibit or reduce the thermal oxidation and photooxidative reaction speed of plastic macromolecules, significantly improve the heat resistance and light resistance of plasticized PVC paste plastics, and delay the plasticized PVC paste. The degradation and aging process of plastics can improve the weather resistance of solar cell modules made of PVC paste, and prolong the service life of plasticized PVC paste plastic products.

The purpose of adding a low-temperature plasticizer to the PVC paste in this application is: due to the good compatibility between the low-temperature plasticizer and the PVC paste resin, the plasticizing effect is good, it is not easy to segregate, it is not easy to seep out, and the low-temperature plasticizer can reduce The glass transition temperature of the plasticized PVC paste plastic makes it more flexible, which can improve the cold resistance of the plasticized PVC paste plastic, so that it still has good performance in cold regions.

The purpose of adding a stabilizer to the PVC paste in this application is that the PVC paste is plasticized or used at a high temperature, and HCL is easily released to form an unstable polyene structure. At the same time, HCL has self-catalysis, which will further degrade PVC. In addition, if there is oxygen or iron, aluminum, zinc, tin, copper and cadmium plasma, it will catalyze the degradation of PVC and accelerate its aging. Therefore, various undesirable phenomena will appear in plastics, such as discoloration, deformation, cracking, decreased mechanical strength, decreased insulation performance, and brittleness. In order to solve these problems, different varieties and different numbers of stabilizers must be added to PVC paste plastics.

Technical Solution 1: A solar cell module, including a solar chip, and the surrounding of the solar chip 1 is sealed and covered by PVC paste to form a solar cell module.

Technical solution 2: A solar cell module molding method, making a solar cell module molding mold according to the size of the solar chip 1 required by the user, suspending the solar chip 1 in the cavity of the solar cell module molding mold, and then injecting PVC paste Put it into the cavity of the solar cell module forming mold, heat it for 15-30 minutes, after the PVC paste in the solar cell module forming cavity is cured, remove the cured solar cell module from the cavity of the solar cell module forming mold Then the solar cell module is obtained.

Compared with the background technology, the present invention adopts PVC paste as the forming material of solar chip mold core seal, which not only has good ultraviolet resistance, low temperature resistance and weather resistance, but also has flame retardancy up to V-2 to V-0 level; According to the different needs of users, solar cell modules can be used to form the shape of the required solar panels, which not only fundamentally changes the technical prejudice that those skilled in the art have long believed that PVC paste cannot be used as solar cell sealing and forming materials, but also fundamentally It has changed the technical prejudice that solar chips can only be distributed in a rectangular shape and cannot be distributed along with the shape.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a solar cell module.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: with reference to accompanying drawing 1. A solar cell module includes a solar chip 1, and the surrounding of the solar chip 1 is sealed and covered by PVC paste 2 to form a solar cell module. The power cord of the solar chip 1 is sealed through the sealing layer of PVC paste 2 . The solar chip 1 includes a single crystal silicon chip or a polycrystalline silicon chip or other chips capable of converting solar energy into electric energy. The PVC paste mentioned in this application refers to the PVC paste containing plasticizer.

Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the solar chip 1 is a monolithic package, that is, a monolithic solar cell (module).

Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the solar chip 1 is multi-chip package, that is, the multi-chip solar chip 1 is sealed and covered by PVC paste 2 to form a solar cell module, and the string between the multiple solar chip 1 And contact the prior art, do not describe here.

Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the PVC paste contains an ultraviolet absorber, and the amount of the ultraviolet absorber is 0.1 to 0.8 parts of the ultraviolet absorber added to 100 parts of the PVC paste resin. Described ultraviolet absorber is ultraviolet absorber UV-531, ultraviolet absorber UV-327, ultraviolet absorber UV-326, ultraviolet absorber UV-74, ultraviolet absorber UV-9, ultraviolet absorber UV-P one or more than one combination.

Embodiment 5: On the basis of embodiment 1, the PVC paste contains an antioxidant. The amount of antioxidant added is 100 parts of PVC paste resin, adding 0.5 to 1 part of each antioxidant. The antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 2246, antioxidant 1520, antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 300, antioxidant 264, and antioxidant 168 combination.

Embodiment 6: On the basis of embodiment 1, the PVC paste contains a low temperature resistance additive. The amount of low-temperature-resistant additive added is 5-20 parts of low-temperature plasticizer to 100 parts of PVC paste resin. The low temperature resistant additives are diisodecyl adipate (abbreviated as DIDA), dioctyl adipate (abbreviated as DOA), dioctyl azelate (abbreviated as DOZ), dibutyric sebacate (abbreviated as DBS) , dioctyl sebacate (abbreviated as DOS), diisooctyl sebacate (abbreviated as DIOS) or a combination of more than one.

Embodiment 7: On the basis of embodiment 1, the PVC paste contains a stabilizer. The amount of stabilizer added is 0.5 to 5 parts of each stabilizer added to 100 parts of PVC paste resin. Described stabilizer is octyl tin mercaptide, octyl tin oxide, di-n-octyl tin dilaurate, di-n-octyl tin maleate, butyl tin mercaptide, dibutyl tin maleate, dibutyl tin laurate maleate, Dibutyltin laurate maleate, dibutyltin oxide, dimethyltin oxide, epoxy soybean oil, epoxy linseed oil, phosphite.

Embodiment 8: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the PVC paste contains a flame retardant plasticizer. The amount of flame retardant plasticizer added is 5 to 15 parts of flame retardant plasticizer per 100 parts of PVC paste resin. The flame retardant plasticizer is DP-45, tricresyl phosphate (TCP), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), tributyl phosphate (TBP), trioctyl phosphate (TOP), diphenyl-octyl phosphate (DPOP) one or more than one combination.

Embodiment 9: On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, a solar cell module forming method, according to the size of the solar chip 1 required by the user, a solar cell module forming mold is made, and the solar chip 1 is suspended in the cavity of the solar cell module forming mold , and then inject the PVC paste into the cavity of the solar cell module forming mold, heat for 15-30 minutes, and after the PVC paste in the solar cell module forming cavity is cured, the cured solar cell module is released from the solar out of the cavity of the battery module forming mold to obtain a solar battery module. The heating is oven heating or oven heating.

It should be understood that: although the above-mentioned embodiments have made more detailed text descriptions to the design ideas of the present invention, these text descriptions are only simple text descriptions to the design ideas of the present invention, rather than limitations to the design ideas of the present invention. The combination, addition or modification of the design concept of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A solar cell module, comprising a solar chip (1), characterized in that: the solar chip (1) is sealed and covered with PVC paste (2) to form a solar cell module. 2 . The solar cell module according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the power cord of the solar chip ( 1 ) is sealed through the sealing layer of PVC paste ( 2 ). 3. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solar chip (1) is monolithically packaged. 4. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solar chip (1) is a multi-chip package. 5. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the PVC paste contains an ultraviolet absorber. 6. The solar cell module according to claim 5, characterized in that: the ultraviolet absorber is ultraviolet absorber UV-531, ultraviolet absorber UV-327, ultraviolet absorber UV-326, ultraviolet absorber UV-74 , UV absorber UV-9, UV absorber UV-P. 7. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: said PVC paste contains antioxidant 7. 8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein the antioxidant is antioxidant 2246, antioxidant 1520, antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 300, antioxidant 264, antioxidant 168. 9. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: said PVC paste contains a low temperature resistant additive. 10. The solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that: the low temperature resistant additive is diisodecyl adipate (abbreviated as DIDA), dioctyl adipate (abbreviated as DOA), diazelaate Octyl (referred to as DOZ), dibutyric sebacate (referred to as DBS), dioctyl sebacate (referred to as DOS), diisooctyl sebacate (referred to as DIOS). 11. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the PVC paste contains a stabilizer. 12. The solar cell module according to claim 11, characterized in that: the stabilizer is octyl tin mercaptide, octyl tin oxide, di-n-octyl tin dilaurate, di-n-octyl tin maleate, butyl sulfide Alcohol tin, dibutyl tin maleate, dibutyl tin laurate maleate, dibutyl tin laurate maleate, dibutyl tin oxide, dimethyl tin oxide, epoxy soybean oil, epoxy linseed oil, phosphite. 13. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the PVC paste contains a flame retardant plasticizer. 14. The solar cell module according to claim 13, characterized in that: the flame retardant plasticizer is DP-45, tricresyl phosphate (TCP), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), tributyl phosphate ( TBP), trioctyl phosphate (TOP), diphenyl monooctyl phosphate (DPOP). 15. A solar cell module forming method, characterized in that: making a solar cell module forming mold according to the size of the solar chip 1 required by the user, suspending the solar chip 1 in the cavity of the solar cell module forming mold, and then applying PVC paste Inject the material into the cavity of the solar cell module forming mold, heat for 15-30 minutes, and after the PVC paste in the solar cell module forming cavity is cured, the cured solar cell module is removed from the solar cell module forming mold. out of the cavity to obtain a solar cell module. 16. The solar cell module forming method according to claim 15, wherein the heating is an oven heating or an oven heating.