CN103925025B - A marine diesel engine exhaust gas waste heat recovery device - Google Patents
A marine diesel engine exhaust gas waste heat recovery device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title abstract description 73
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明的目的在于提供一种船舶柴油机废气余热回收装置，主要包括船舶柴油机、余热锅炉、汽轮机发电机组、冷凝器、耐腐蚀板翅式换热器和脱硫塔等设备。本发明中，船舶柴油机废气经过余热锅炉产生蒸汽，部分蒸汽用于船舶耗汽设备，其余蒸汽输入汽轮机发电机组产生电能。为提高船舶柴油机废气余热回收率，同时提高脱硫塔的脱硫效率,在余热锅炉与脱硫塔之间布置耐腐蚀板翅式换热器进一步降低废气温度。本发明可以充分回收船舶柴油机废气余热，增大余热利用范围，提高余热利用效率，且能有效缓解余热锅炉尾部受热面的低温腐蚀，克服现有技术节能性差、环保性差、成本高和可靠性差等缺陷，达到节能、环保、降低成本和提高设备可靠性的目的。
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste heat recovery device for marine diesel engines, which mainly includes marine diesel engines, waste heat boilers, steam turbine generator sets, condensers, corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchangers, desulfurization towers and other equipment. In the present invention, the waste gas from the marine diesel engine passes through the waste heat boiler to generate steam, part of the steam is used for the steam consumption equipment of the ship, and the remaining steam is input into the steam turbine generating set to generate electric energy. In order to improve the waste heat recovery rate of marine diesel engine exhaust and improve the desulfurization efficiency of the desulfurization tower, a corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger is arranged between the waste heat boiler and the desulfurization tower to further reduce the exhaust gas temperature. The invention can fully recover the exhaust waste heat of marine diesel engines, increase the range of waste heat utilization, improve the utilization efficiency of waste heat, and can effectively alleviate the low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface at the tail of the waste heat boiler, and overcome the poor energy saving performance, poor environmental protection, high cost and poor reliability of the existing technology. Defects, to achieve the purpose of energy saving, environmental protection, cost reduction and equipment reliability improvement.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及的是一种船舶柴油机装置，具体地说是船舶柴油机废气利用装置。The invention relates to a marine diesel engine device, in particular to a marine diesel engine waste gas utilization device.
背景技术Background technique
当今能源问题已经成为经济发展中一个头等重要的问题，船舶是能量消耗巨大的运输工具，高能耗一方面使船舶运行成本增加，另一方面也带来了严重的环境问题。Today's energy problem has become a top priority in economic development. Ships are means of transportation with huge energy consumption. On the one hand, high energy consumption increases the operating costs of ships, and on the other hand, it also brings serious environmental problems.
国际海事组织IMO最新制定的EEDI(EnergyEfficiencyDesignIndex，新船能效设计指数)规则对减少排放、降低船舶能耗有明确的要求。船舶低能量利用效率，除了将面对高额的燃料费用外，还将面对额外的罚金，以补偿对环境的破坏。因此，有效地降低船舶能耗和排放刻不容缓。船舶中使用燃料的设备有柴油主机、辅机和辅助锅炉等。其中，柴油主机消耗燃料最多，燃料在柴油机气缸中燃烧所发出的全部热量，只有45～50%转变为机械功，废气带走了占燃料总发热量25～30%的能量，由于柴油机排温较高，废气热能品质较高，具有很大的做功潜力。柴油机余热回收系统可以有效利用排气能量，并产生相当于主机功率11%的电力输出。如果能够利用柴油主机废气发电或为辅助设备热源提供蒸汽，则可以替代部分辅机和辅助锅炉，达到节能减排的效果。充分回收船舶主机的余热，意义重大。The latest EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index, New Ship Energy Efficiency Design Index) rules formulated by the International Maritime Organization IMO have clear requirements for reducing emissions and reducing ship energy consumption. Ships with low energy utilization efficiency will not only face high fuel costs, but also face additional fines to compensate for the damage to the environment. Therefore, it is urgent to effectively reduce ship energy consumption and emissions. The equipment that uses fuel in the ship includes diesel main engine, auxiliary engine and auxiliary boiler. Among them, the diesel main engine consumes the most fuel, and only 45-50% of the total heat generated by the combustion of fuel in the cylinder of the diesel engine is converted into mechanical work, and the exhaust gas takes away 25-30% of the energy of the total heat of the fuel. Higher, the heat quality of the exhaust gas is higher, and it has great potential for doing work. The waste heat recovery system of the diesel engine can effectively use the exhaust energy and generate an electric output equivalent to 11% of the main engine power. If the exhaust gas of the diesel main engine can be used to generate electricity or provide steam for the heat source of auxiliary equipment, it can replace some auxiliary equipment and auxiliary boilers to achieve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. It is of great significance to fully recover the waste heat of the main engine of the ship.
船舶低速柴油机废气的平均温度在260℃左右，经过超低温余热锅炉出口废气温度降低到95℃左右，低于酸露点温度，将腐蚀余热锅炉尾部受热面，缩短余热锅炉使用寿命，增大余热回收系统成本，降低其可靠性。为避免余热锅炉尾部受热面的低温腐蚀，需将余热锅炉出口处烟气温度控制在160℃左右。此外，废气入口温度对湿法脱硫技术的脱硫效率有较大的影响，且温度过高时脱硫效率很低。The average temperature of exhaust gas from marine low-speed diesel engines is about 260°C. After passing through the ultra-low temperature waste heat boiler outlet, the exhaust gas temperature drops to about 95°C, which is lower than the acid dew point temperature, which will corrode the heating surface at the tail of the waste heat boiler, shorten the service life of the waste heat boiler, and increase the waste heat recovery system. cost and reduce its reliability. In order to avoid low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface at the tail of the waste heat boiler, it is necessary to control the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the waste heat boiler at about 160 °C. In addition, the exhaust gas inlet temperature has a great influence on the desulfurization efficiency of wet desulfurization technology, and the desulfurization efficiency is very low when the temperature is too high.
在申请号为201310325318.2的专利《一种船舶焚烧炉及动力装置的余热回收系统及回收方法》中提出了一种船舶焚烧炉及柴油动力装置的排气余热发电系统，该系统设置了总热烟道，将高温废气通入余热锅炉产生高温蒸汽供给用汽设备和进行发电。虽然高温废气的能量得到进一步利用，并将余热锅炉出口废气温度降低至170℃左右，但此时的废气还有很高的利用价值。In the patent of application number 201310325318.2 "A waste heat recovery system and recovery method for ship incinerator and power plant", an exhaust waste heat power generation system for ship incinerator and diesel power plant is proposed. The high-temperature exhaust gas is passed into the waste heat boiler to generate high-temperature steam to supply steam-consuming equipment and generate electricity. Although the energy of high-temperature exhaust gas has been further utilized, and the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the waste heat boiler has been reduced to about 170°C, the exhaust gas at this time still has high utilization value.
在申请号为201020197317.6的专利《湿法烟气脱硫塔》中提出了一种设有预喷淋降温装置的湿法烟气脱硫塔。虽然预喷淋降温装置有效地降低了脱硫塔入口废气温度，从而提高了脱硫塔的脱硫效率，但该过程造成了大量烟气能量的浪费。In the patent "wet flue gas desulfurization tower" with application number 201020197317.6, a wet flue gas desulfurization tower equipped with a pre-spray cooling device is proposed. Although the pre-spray cooling device effectively reduces the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet of the desulfurization tower, thereby improving the desulfurization efficiency of the desulfurization tower, but this process causes a lot of waste of flue gas energy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供在减少余热锅炉尾部受热面及低温换热器表面低温腐蚀的同时又能够充分回收余热锅炉出口废气余热，并且能够更有效地洗涤船舶柴油机废气中的SOX和颗粒，减少对海洋大气环境的污染的一种船舶柴油机废气余热回收装置。The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface at the tail of the waste heat boiler and the surface of the low-temperature heat exchanger, and at the same time fully recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler, and more effectively wash the SOX and particles in the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine, and reduce the impact on the exhaust gas. The utility model relates to a ship diesel engine waste heat recovery device for pollution of marine atmospheric environment.
本发明的目的是这样实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:
本发明一种船舶柴油机废气余热回收装置，其特征是：包括脱硫塔、换热器、增压风机、余热锅炉、汽包、热井、第一-第六三通阀、第一-第二水泵，船舶柴油机废气经第一三通阀通入余热锅炉的下端，再从余热锅炉的上端排出，经过增压风机加压后经第四三通阀通入换热器，经第五三通阀通入脱硫塔洗涤脱硫后排入大气；增压风机的出口与第四三通阀连接，第四三通阀与换热器的热流体进口连接，换热器的热流体出口与第五三通阀连接，第五三通阀与脱硫塔的废气进口连接，第四三通阀与第六三通阀连接，第五三通阀与第六三通阀连接，换热器的冷流体入口与第二水泵的出口连接，第二水泵的入口与热井连接，换热器的冷流体出口与余热锅炉的热水器入口连接，增压风机的入口与余热锅炉的出口连接，第六三通阀与脱硫塔的废气出口连接，经第一水泵从热井中抽出的余热锅炉给水与第二水泵从热井中抽出后经换热器预热后的余热锅炉给水汇流后经第三三通阀控制进入余热锅炉的热水器；汇流后的余热锅炉给水在热水器中加热成汽水混合物后流入汽包，在汽包中气液分离，气液分离后的液体在循环泵的作用下一部分进入蒸发器加热后流入汽包，其余部分进入热水器加热后重复汽水混合物后流入汽包后的过程；汽包分离出的饱和蒸汽分为两部分，一部分饱和蒸汽流入船舶用汽设备，之后流入热井；剩余部分的饱和蒸汽流入过热器被加热成高温过热蒸汽经第二三通阀控制输入汽轮机做功，并驱动发电机发电，做功后的蒸汽经冷凝器冷凝后流入热井。The present invention is a marine diesel engine waste heat recovery device, which is characterized in that it includes a desulfurization tower, a heat exchanger, a booster fan, a waste heat boiler, a steam drum, a hot well, a first-sixth three-way valve, a first-second Exhaust gas from the water pump and marine diesel engine enters the lower end of the waste heat boiler through the first three-way valve, and then discharges from the upper end of the waste heat boiler. The valve is connected to the desulfurization tower for washing and desulfurization, and then discharged into the atmosphere; the outlet of the booster fan is connected to the fourth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve is connected to the thermal fluid inlet of the heat exchanger, and the thermal fluid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the fifth The three-way valve is connected, the fifth three-way valve is connected with the exhaust gas inlet of the desulfurization tower, the fourth three-way valve is connected with the sixth three-way valve, the fifth three-way valve is connected with the sixth three-way valve, the cold fluid of the heat exchanger The inlet is connected to the outlet of the second water pump, the inlet of the second water pump is connected to the hot well, the cold fluid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the water heater inlet of the waste heat boiler, the inlet of the booster fan is connected to the outlet of the waste heat boiler, and the sixth three-way The valve is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the desulfurization tower, and the waste heat boiler feed water drawn from the hot well by the first water pump and the waste heat boiler feed water drawn from the hot well by the second water pump and preheated by the heat exchanger are combined and controlled by the third three-way valve Enter the water heater of the waste heat boiler; the waste heat boiler feed water after confluence is heated into a steam-water mixture in the water heater and then flows into the steam drum, where the gas-liquid is separated, and part of the liquid after gas-liquid separation enters the evaporator under the action of the circulating pump and is heated It flows into the steam drum, and the rest enters the water heater to be heated and repeats the process of steam-water mixture flowing into the steam drum; the saturated steam separated from the steam drum is divided into two parts, one part of saturated steam flows into the steam equipment for ships, and then flows into the hot well; the remaining part Saturated steam flows into the superheater and is heated into high-temperature superheated steam, which is controlled by the second three-way valve and input to the steam turbine to do work, and drives the generator to generate electricity. The steam after work is condensed by the condenser and then flows into the hot well.
本发明还可以包括：The present invention may also include:
1、所述的换热器采用耐腐蚀材料ND钢即09CrCuSb钢作为受热面管材，并在其表面涂覆防腐漆。1. The heat exchanger uses corrosion-resistant material ND steel, that is, 09CrCuSb steel, as the heating surface pipe material, and the surface is coated with anti-corrosion paint.
本发明的优势在于：The advantages of the present invention are:
（1）节能。在利用本发明实现的节能减排装置中，柴油机废气先后通过余热锅炉和耐腐蚀板翅式换热器，充分回收了柴油机废气余热中的能量，将废气温度降低到满足湿法脱硫工艺要求的值，避免了烟气喷淋降温过程所造成的烟气能量浪费，提高了能量利用率；同时，大大减少了脱硫过程为降低废气温度而在脱硫塔入口处设置的喷淋装置消耗的水量，节约大量的水资源。(1) Energy saving. In the energy-saving and emission-reducing device realized by the present invention, the exhaust gas from the diesel engine passes through the waste heat boiler and the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger successively, fully recovers the energy in the waste heat of the exhaust gas from the diesel engine, and reduces the temperature of the exhaust gas to a level that meets the requirements of the wet desulfurization process. value, which avoids the waste of flue gas energy caused by the flue gas spray cooling process and improves the energy utilization rate; at the same time, it greatly reduces the water consumption of the spray device installed at the entrance of the desulfurization tower to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas during the desulfurization process. Save a lot of water resources.
（2）环保。通过该余热回收装置将脱硫塔进口废气温度降低到60～75℃，提高脱硫塔的脱硫效率，减少对海洋环境的污染。另外，整个废气余热回收系统可以减少能源的消耗，也即减少了CO2、SO2、NOX的排放，产生巨大的环保效益。(2) Environmental protection. Through the waste heat recovery device, the temperature of exhaust gas at the inlet of the desulfurization tower is reduced to 60-75° C., the desulfurization efficiency of the desulfurization tower is improved, and the pollution to the marine environment is reduced. In addition, the entire exhaust gas waste heat recovery system can reduce energy consumption, that is, reduce CO2, SO2, and NOX emissions, resulting in huge environmental benefits.
（3）经济性和可靠性好。本发明在余热锅炉之后布置耐腐蚀板翅式换热器，一方面可以在充分回收船舶柴油机废气余热的同时控制余热锅炉出口处废气温度在酸露点以上，有效地改善余热锅炉尾部受热面的低温腐蚀情况，延长余热锅炉的使用寿命；另一方面，耐腐蚀板翅式换热器采用耐腐蚀材料ND钢（即09CrCuSb钢）作为受热面管材，并在其表面涂覆防腐漆以有效地延缓换热器烟气侧受热面的低温腐蚀。由此提高了整个余热回收系统的经济性，同时保证了余热回收系统运行过程的安全性和可靠性。(3) Good economy and reliability. The present invention arranges a corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger behind the waste heat boiler. On the one hand, it can fully recover the waste heat of exhaust gas from marine diesel engines and at the same time control the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the waste heat boiler to be above the acid dew point, effectively improving the low temperature of the heating surface at the tail of the waste heat boiler. Corrosion conditions can prolong the service life of the waste heat boiler; on the other hand, the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger uses corrosion-resistant material ND steel (that is, 09CrCuSb steel) as the heating surface pipe, and the surface is coated with anti-corrosion paint to effectively delay Low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface on the flue gas side of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the economy of the whole waste heat recovery system is improved, and the safety and reliability of the waste heat recovery system operation process are guaranteed at the same time.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图举例对本发明做更详细地描述：The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:
结合图1，图中，柴油机废气余热先后经过余热锅炉3和耐腐蚀板翅式换热器13加以利用。Referring to Fig. 1 , in the figure, the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is utilized successively through the waste heat boiler 3 and the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger 13 .
图中，增压风机12的出口与三通阀2-4连接，三通阀2-4与板翅式换热器13的热流体进口连接，板翅式换热器13的热流体出口与三通阀2-5连接，三通阀2-5与脱硫塔14的废气进口连接，三通阀2-4与三通阀2-6连接，三通阀2-5与三通阀2-6连接，板翅式换热器13的冷流体入口与水泵10-2的出口连接，水泵10-2的入口与热井11连接，板翅式换热器13的冷流体出口与余热锅炉3的热水器入口连接，增压风机12的入口与余热锅炉的出口连接，三通阀2-6与脱硫塔14的废气出口连接。In the figure, the outlet of the booster fan 12 is connected to the three-way valve 2-4, the three-way valve 2-4 is connected to the thermal fluid inlet of the plate-fin heat exchanger 13, and the thermal fluid outlet of the plate-fin heat exchanger 13 is connected to the The three-way valve 2-5 is connected, the three-way valve 2-5 is connected with the exhaust gas inlet of the desulfurization tower 14, the three-way valve 2-4 is connected with the three-way valve 2-6, and the three-way valve 2-5 is connected with the three-way valve 2- 6 connections, the cold fluid inlet of the plate-fin heat exchanger 13 is connected to the outlet of the water pump 10-2, the inlet of the water pump 10-2 is connected to the hot well 11, and the cold fluid outlet of the plate-fin heat exchanger 13 is connected to the waste heat boiler 3 The inlet of the water heater is connected, the inlet of the booster fan 12 is connected with the outlet of the waste heat boiler, and the three-way valve 2-6 is connected with the exhaust gas outlet of the desulfurization tower 14.
图中，船舶柴油机1废气经三通阀2-1控制通入余热锅炉3加热余热锅炉给水，再经过增压风机12加压后经三通阀2-4控制通入耐腐蚀板翅式换热器13预热余热锅炉3的给水，最后经三通阀2-5控制通入脱硫塔14洗涤脱硫后排入大气。In the figure, the waste gas from the ship diesel engine 1 is controlled by the three-way valve 2-1 and passed into the waste heat boiler 3 to heat the feed water of the waste heat boiler. The heater 13 preheats the feed water of the waste heat boiler 3, and finally flows into the desulfurization tower 14 through the control of the three-way valve 2-5 for washing and desulfurization, and then discharges into the atmosphere.
图中，经水泵10-1从热井11中抽出的余热锅炉给水与从水泵10-2从热井11中抽出后经耐腐蚀板翅式换热器13预热后的余热锅炉给水汇流后经三通阀2-3控制进入余热锅炉3的热水器；余热锅炉给水在热水器中加热成汽水混合物后流入汽包4，在汽包4中气液分离，气液分离后的液体在循环泵5的作用下部分进入蒸发器加热后流入汽包4，其余部分进入热水器加热后重复之前的过程；汽包4分离出的高温饱和蒸汽分为两部分，一部分流入船舶用汽设备9，供船舶日常加热之用，之后流入热井11；剩余的高温饱和蒸汽流入过热器被加热成高温过热蒸汽经三通阀2-2控制输入汽轮机6做功，并驱动发电机7发电，做功后的蒸汽经冷凝器8冷凝后流入热井11。In the figure, the waste heat boiler feed water drawn from the hot well 11 by the water pump 10-1 and the waste heat boiler feed water drawn from the hot well 11 by the water pump 10-2 and preheated by the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger 13 converge The water heater entering the waste heat boiler 3 is controlled by the three-way valve 2-3; the waste heat boiler feed water is heated into a steam-water mixture in the water heater and then flows into the steam drum 4, where the gas-liquid is separated in the steam drum 4, and the liquid after gas-liquid separation is circulated in the circulation pump 5 Part of it enters the evaporator for heating and then flows into the steam drum 4, and the rest enters the water heater for heating and repeats the previous process; the high-temperature saturated steam separated from the steam drum 4 is divided into two parts, and one part flows into the steam equipment 9 for ships for daily use. It is used for heating, and then flows into the hot well 11; the remaining high-temperature saturated steam flows into the superheater to be heated into high-temperature superheated steam, which is controlled by the three-way valve 2-2 and input to the steam turbine 6 to do work, and drives the generator 7 to generate electricity, and the steam after work is condensed The device 8 condenses and flows into the hot well 11.
耐腐蚀板翅式换热器采用耐腐蚀材料ND钢（即09CrCuSb钢）作为受热面管材，并在其表面涂覆防腐漆以延缓换热器烟气侧受热面的低温腐蚀。The corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger uses corrosion-resistant material ND steel (ie 09CrCuSb steel) as the heating surface pipe, and its surface is coated with anti-corrosion paint to delay the low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface on the flue gas side of the heat exchanger.
通过操作三通阀2-4、2-5、2-6来控制余热锅炉出口废气的走向，使得耐腐蚀板翅式换热器13和脱硫塔14在出现故障和检修期间余热回收系统能正常连续工作。By operating the three-way valves 2-4, 2-5, 2-6 to control the direction of exhaust gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler, so that the waste heat recovery system of the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger 13 and the desulfurization tower 14 can be normal during failure and maintenance continuously working.
本发明一种有效减少低温腐蚀的船舶柴油机废气余热回收装置,主要由船舶柴油机、余热锅炉、汽轮机发电机组、冷凝器、耐腐蚀板翅式换热器和脱硫塔等设备组成。船舶低速柴油机排烟的平均温度在260℃左右，有很高的利用价值，本发明很好地利用了船舶柴油机高温烟气的热量产生高温蒸汽供给用汽设备和进行发电；为避免余热锅炉尾部受热面的低温腐蚀，将余热锅炉出口废气温度控制在酸露点以上，同时在余热锅炉后布置耐腐蚀板翅式换热器以有效地回收余热锅炉出口废气中的热量。The present invention is an exhaust gas waste heat recovery device for marine diesel engines that can effectively reduce low-temperature corrosion. The average temperature of exhaust gas from marine low-speed diesel engines is about 260°C, which has high utilization value. The invention makes good use of the heat of high-temperature flue gas from marine diesel engines to generate high-temperature steam to supply steam equipment and generate electricity; The low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface controls the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the waste heat boiler to be above the acid dew point. At the same time, a corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger is arranged behind the waste heat boiler to effectively recover the heat in the exhaust gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler.
在余热锅炉与脱硫塔之间布置耐腐蚀板翅式换热器，并在余热锅炉出口与三通阀2-4之间布置增压风机。耐腐蚀板翅式换热器的热源工质为余热锅炉出口高温废气，冷源工质为经处理后的循环冷却水。将冷却水从热井中经水泵抽至换热器的冷源工质入口处，经耐腐蚀板翅式换热器加热后从冷源工质出口处输出至余热锅炉的热水器入口处。A corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger is arranged between the waste heat boiler and the desulfurization tower, and a booster fan is arranged between the waste heat boiler outlet and the three-way valve 2-4. The heat source working fluid of the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger is the high-temperature waste gas from the waste heat boiler outlet, and the cold source working fluid is the treated circulating cooling water. The cooling water is pumped from the hot well to the inlet of the cold source working medium of the heat exchanger, heated by the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger, and then output from the outlet of the cold source working medium to the water heater inlet of the waste heat boiler.
耐腐蚀板翅式换热器以耐腐蚀材料ND钢（即09CrCuSb钢）作为受热面管材，并在其表面涂覆防腐漆进行防腐蚀处理以延缓换热器烟气侧受热面的低温腐蚀。The corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger uses corrosion-resistant material ND steel (ie 09CrCuSb steel) as the heating surface pipe, and its surface is coated with anti-corrosion paint for anti-corrosion treatment to delay low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface on the flue gas side of the heat exchanger.
设置旁通烟道Ⅰ从三通阀2-4引出经三通阀2-6至脱硫塔出口处；旁通管道Ⅱ从三通阀2-5引出经三通阀2-6至脱硫塔出口处，使得耐腐蚀板翅式换热器和脱硫塔在出现故障和检修期间余热回收系统能正常连续工作。Set the bypass flue I from the three-way valve 2-4 to the outlet of the desulfurization tower through the three-way valve 2-6; the bypass pipe II leads from the three-way valve 2-5 to the outlet of the desulfurization tower through the three-way valve 2-6 place, so that the waste heat recovery system can work normally and continuously during the failure and maintenance of the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger and the desulfurization tower.
耐腐蚀板翅式换热器布置于余热锅炉与脱硫塔之间，并在余热锅炉废气出口与三通阀2-4之间布置增压风机。The corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger is arranged between the waste heat boiler and the desulfurization tower, and the booster fan is arranged between the exhaust gas outlet of the waste heat boiler and the three-way valve 2-4.
耐腐蚀板翅式换热器的热源工质为余热锅炉出口高温废气，冷源工质为经处理后的循环冷却水。将冷却水从热井中经水泵抽至换热器的冷源工质入口处，经耐腐蚀板翅式换热器加热后从冷源工质出口处输出至余热锅炉的热水器入口处。The heat source working fluid of the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger is the high-temperature waste gas from the waste heat boiler outlet, and the cold source working fluid is the treated circulating cooling water. The cooling water is pumped from the hot well to the inlet of the cold source working medium of the heat exchanger, heated by the corrosion-resistant plate-fin heat exchanger, and then output from the outlet of the cold source working medium to the inlet of the water heater of the waste heat boiler.
设置旁通烟道Ⅰ从三通阀2-4引出经三通阀2-6至脱硫塔出口处；旁通管道Ⅱ从三通阀2-5引出经三通阀2-6至脱硫塔出口处。Set the bypass flue I from the three-way valve 2-4 to the outlet of the desulfurization tower through the three-way valve 2-6; the bypass pipe II leads from the three-way valve 2-5 to the outlet of the desulfurization tower through the three-way valve 2-6 place.
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