CN103920626B - A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device - Google Patents
A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103920626B CN103920626B CN201410101590.7A CN201410101590A CN103920626B CN 103920626 B CN103920626 B CN 103920626B CN 201410101590 A CN201410101590 A CN 201410101590A CN 103920626 B CN103920626 B CN 103920626B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- mirror
- reflector
- laser
- powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002103 nanocoating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种激光辅助冷喷涂方法及喷嘴装置，喷嘴喉部的一侧为喷嘴收缩段，喷嘴喉部的另一侧为喷嘴扩张段，喷嘴在喷嘴收缩段一侧设有高压气体入口和供激光束进入的透光窗口，透光窗口偏离喷嘴轴线设置，喷嘴在喷嘴收缩段上设有反射镜A，喷嘴在喷嘴扩张段一侧设有粉末入口、反射镜B、反射镜C和反射镜D，从透光窗口进入的激光束在喷嘴内部依次经过反射镜A、反射镜D、反射镜B和反射镜C反射后从喷嘴扩张段射出，粉末入口位于反射镜D和反射镜B之间。本技术方案激光与喷嘴轴线呈一定角度射入喷嘴内的反射镜上，光束通过在喷嘴内壁上的反射镜多次反射，最终照射在基体上，可以对喷嘴内部的气体、粉末和基体均匀预热。
The invention discloses a laser-assisted cold spraying method and a nozzle device. One side of the nozzle throat is a nozzle constriction section, the other side of the nozzle throat is a nozzle expansion section, and the nozzle is provided with a high-pressure gas inlet on one side of the nozzle constriction section. And the light-transmitting window for the laser beam to enter, the light-transmitting window is set away from the axis of the nozzle, the nozzle is provided with a reflector A on the nozzle shrinkage section, and the nozzle is provided with a powder inlet, reflector B, reflector C and Reflector D, the laser beam entering from the light-transmitting window is reflected by reflector A, reflector D, reflector B and reflector C in sequence inside the nozzle, and then ejected from the expansion section of the nozzle. The powder entrance is located at reflector D and reflector B between. In this technical solution, the laser beam and the nozzle axis are injected into the reflector in the nozzle at a certain angle, and the beam is reflected by the reflector on the inner wall of the nozzle for many times, and finally irradiated on the substrate, which can uniformly pre-heat the gas, powder and substrate inside the nozzle. hot.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种激光辅助冷喷涂方法及喷嘴装置，特别是一种用于激光冷喷涂的超音速喷嘴装置。The invention relates to a laser-assisted cold spraying method and a nozzle device, in particular to a supersonic nozzle device for laser cold spraying.
背景技术Background technique
冷喷涂亦称为冷气体动力喷涂(Cold Gas Dynamic Spray,CGDS),在20世纪80年代中后期，由前苏联科学家提出，它是基于空气动力学原理的一项喷涂技术，其原理是利用高压气体(氮气、氦气、空气、或混合气体等)携带粉末颗粒进入高速气流，通过缩放管(Laval管)产生超音速气固两相流，粉末颗粒经超音速喷管加速后在固态状态下以极高的速度碰撞基板，通过产生强烈的塑性变形而沉积于基体表面形成涂层。与热喷涂依赖于热能或者化学能不同，冷喷涂更多依赖于粒子的动能。因此该技术具有如下的优点：1)喷涂加热温度远低于其熔点,颗粒基本上没有氧化、烧损和晶粒长大等现象。适用于纳米晶、非晶等对温度敏感材料,Cu、Ti等对氧化敏感材料,碳化物复合材料等对相变敏感材料的喷涂。2)涂层对基体的热影响小,使涂层与基体之间的热应力减少。涂层之间的残余应力小且主要为压应力,有利于获得较厚致密的涂层。3)喷涂效率高,气孔率低。4)喷涂粉末可以回收再利用，经济环保。冷喷涂技术对于扩展热喷涂领域具有极其重要的意义，为表面工程技术的应用开辟了新的途径。已经广泛应用于制备各种功能性涂层、纳米涂层、汽车制造业、机械零件的修复再制造、航空航天等领域。Cold spraying, also known as cold gas dynamic spraying (Cold Gas Dynamic Spray, CGDS), was proposed by former Soviet scientists in the middle and late 1980s. It is a spraying technology based on the principle of aerodynamics. Its principle is to use high pressure The gas (nitrogen, helium, air, or mixed gas, etc.) carries the powder particles into the high-speed airflow, and the supersonic gas-solid two-phase flow is generated through the zoom tube (Laval tube), and the powder particles are accelerated by the supersonic nozzle in a solid state. It collides with the substrate at a very high speed, and deposits on the surface of the substrate to form a coating by generating strong plastic deformation. Unlike thermal spray, which relies on thermal or chemical energy, cold spray relies more on the kinetic energy of the particles. Therefore, this technology has the following advantages: 1) The spraying heating temperature is much lower than its melting point, and the particles basically do not have oxidation, burning loss and grain growth. It is suitable for spraying of temperature-sensitive materials such as nanocrystalline and amorphous materials, oxidation-sensitive materials such as Cu and Ti, and phase-change-sensitive materials such as carbide composite materials. 2) The thermal influence of the coating on the substrate is small, which reduces the thermal stress between the coating and the substrate. The residual stress between coatings is small and mainly compressive, which is beneficial to obtain thicker and denser coatings. 3) High spraying efficiency and low porosity. 4) Spraying powder can be recycled and reused, which is economical and environmentally friendly. Cold spraying technology is of great significance for expanding the field of thermal spraying, and it has opened up a new way for the application of surface engineering technology. It has been widely used in the preparation of various functional coatings, nano-coatings, automobile manufacturing, repair and remanufacturing of mechanical parts, aerospace and other fields.
到了20世纪90年代末，科研者开始开展了激光辅助冷喷涂技术的研究。激光辅助冷喷涂是一种新型的喷涂和再制造技术，其原理如图1所示，高压气体源101，送粉器102，Lava喷嘴103，实验箱104,激光器105，高温计106，基体107，涂层108，粉末回收装置109。它将超音速粉末束与沉积区域的激光加热联结在了一起。激光辅助冷喷涂保留了冷喷涂的优点：固态沉积、高的再制造率以及可以在一系列的基材上进行沉积，而且比冷喷涂更具有广泛的应用前景。激光照射在基体上，使基体软化，因此能够实现难沉积材料涂层的制备，扩大了材料和基体的使用范围；激光的引入可以免去使用气体预热装置，减少了压缩气体的消耗，又可以以廉价的压缩空气来代替氮气或氩气，降低了工艺的生产成本；激光软化处理颗粒或者基体，瞬间调节和改变了材料的力学性能，使其塑性流动增大，改善了颗粒碰撞沉积状态，提高了粉末涂层的厚度、沉积率、致密性和结合强度，所制得的涂层优于冷喷涂涂层。By the end of the 1990s, researchers began to carry out research on laser-assisted cold spraying technology. Laser-assisted cold spraying is a new type of spraying and remanufacturing technology, its principle is shown in Figure 1, high-pressure gas source 101, powder feeder 102, Lava nozzle 103, test box 104, laser 105, pyrometer 106, substrate 107 , coating 108, powder recovery device 109. It combines a supersonic powder beam with laser heating of the deposition area. Laser-assisted cold spraying retains the advantages of cold spraying: solid-state deposition, high remanufacturing rate, and deposition on a range of substrates, and has wider application prospects than cold spraying. The laser is irradiated on the substrate to soften the substrate, so that the coating of difficult-to-deposit materials can be prepared, and the scope of use of materials and substrates can be expanded; the introduction of laser can eliminate the use of gas preheating devices, reduce the consumption of compressed gas, and Cheap compressed air can be used instead of nitrogen or argon, which reduces the production cost of the process; laser softening treatment of particles or substrates can instantly adjust and change the mechanical properties of the material, increase its plastic flow, and improve the state of particle collision deposition , improve the thickness, deposition rate, compactness and bonding strength of the powder coating, and the prepared coating is superior to the cold spray coating.
在欧洲专利GB2439934A中提出了一种结构简单的激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴，该喷嘴中激光光路与喷嘴同轴，激光光斑略小于喷嘴喉部的直径。工作时，激光透过特殊材料制成的窗口照射进喷嘴中并最终辐照在基体上，喷嘴一路通入高压气体，一路通入待喷涂粉末，两者在Laval喷嘴中达到超音速，以固态形式撞击在基体上形成涂层。整个过程中，激光既加热了气体、粉末颗粒，也加热了基体，使粉末和基体同时软化，因此大大提高了沉积率和结合强度。但是该喷嘴中粉末从收缩段进入喉部，喉部直径通常只有几毫米，对于低熔点和较软的金属粉末材料在激光的照射下容易粘结在喷嘴喉部，长时间工作后易造成喷嘴堵塞，且对光斑直径的要求高，必须小于喷嘴喉部直径。In the European patent GB2439934A, a laser-assisted cold spray nozzle with a simple structure is proposed. In this nozzle, the laser light path is coaxial with the nozzle, and the laser spot is slightly smaller than the diameter of the nozzle throat. When working, the laser irradiates into the nozzle through the window made of special materials and finally irradiates on the substrate. The nozzle passes through the high-pressure gas all the way, and the powder to be sprayed all the way. The two reach supersonic speed in the Laval nozzle, and the solid The forms impinge on the substrate to form a coating. During the whole process, the laser not only heats the gas, powder particles, but also heats the substrate, so that the powder and the substrate are softened at the same time, thus greatly improving the deposition rate and bonding strength. However, the powder in the nozzle enters the throat from the constriction section, and the diameter of the throat is usually only a few millimeters. For metal powder materials with low melting point and softness, it is easy to stick to the throat of the nozzle under the irradiation of the laser, and it is easy to cause nozzle damage after working for a long time. Blockage, and the requirement for spot diameter is high, must be smaller than nozzle throat diameter.
美国专利US20110300306A1也提出了一种激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴装置，采用的也是激光光路与喷嘴同轴的方法。该专利中粉末颗粒由喷嘴扩张段送入，因此避免了粉末因加热软化粘结在喉部的现象。但是激光与粉末同轴的激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴的共同缺点是激光对颗粒以及喷嘴内载气越热不均匀，存在中间热量多两边热量少的现象，沉积后涂层中间厚两边薄，且粉末利用率较低。U.S. Patent US20110300306A1 also proposes a laser-assisted cold spray nozzle device, which also adopts the method that the laser light path is coaxial with the nozzle. In this patent, the powder particles are fed by the expansion section of the nozzle, thus avoiding the phenomenon that the powder sticks to the throat due to heating and softening. However, the common disadvantage of the laser-assisted cold spray nozzle with the coaxial laser and powder is that the laser heats the particles and the carrier gas in the nozzle more unevenly, and there is a phenomenon of more heat in the middle and less heat on both sides. After deposition, the coating is thick in the middle and thin on both sides, and the powder Utilization is low.
目前激光辅助冷喷涂技术主要使用的是激光侧向照射的方法，喷嘴是纯冷喷涂所用的喷嘴。中国发明专利CN101153393A中公开了一种含有激光照射的冷气动力喷涂方法，在喷涂的同时，在圆形喷涂斑点的正前方照射有椭圆形激光光斑。该方法可以显著降低冷喷涂过程中粒子的临界速度，提高粘结效率。但是侧向照射激光光斑时，只预热了基体，对一些硬质颗粒在喷嘴中仍然需要预热载气才能使得粉末最终沉积基体，气体消耗大等缺点仍未解决。At present, the laser-assisted cold spraying technology mainly uses the laser side irradiation method, and the nozzle is the nozzle used for pure cold spraying. Chinese invention patent CN101153393A discloses a cold-air dynamic spraying method containing laser irradiation. While spraying, an elliptical laser spot is irradiated directly in front of the circular spray spot. This method can significantly reduce the critical velocity of particles in the cold spraying process and improve the bonding efficiency. However, when the laser spot is irradiated sideways, only the substrate is preheated. For some hard particles, the carrier gas still needs to be preheated in the nozzle to make the powder finally deposit on the substrate, and the disadvantages of large gas consumption have not been resolved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述的技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种激光辅助冷喷涂方法及喷嘴装置，激光与喷嘴轴线呈一定角度射入喷嘴内的反射镜上，光束通过在喷嘴内壁上的反射镜多次反射，最终照射在基体上。该装置可以对喷嘴内部的气体、粉末和基体均匀预热，并且可以取消载气预热装置。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a laser-assisted cold spraying method and a nozzle device. The laser beam is injected into the reflector in the nozzle at a certain angle with the axis of the nozzle, and the light beam passes through the reflector on the inner wall of the nozzle. The secondary reflections are finally irradiated on the substrate. The device can evenly preheat the gas, powder and matrix inside the nozzle, and can cancel the carrier gas preheating device.
为了达到上述的目的，本发明采用了以下的技术方案：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
一种激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴装置，包括喷嘴，喷嘴喉部的一侧为喷嘴收缩段，喷嘴喉部的另一侧为喷嘴扩张段，喷嘴在喷嘴收缩段一侧设有高压气体入口和供激光束进入的透光窗口，透光窗口偏离喷嘴轴线设置，喷嘴在喷嘴收缩段上设有反射镜A，喷嘴在喷嘴扩张段一侧设有粉末入口、反射镜B、反射镜C和反射镜D，从透光窗口进入的激光束在喷嘴内部依次经过反射镜A、反射镜D、反射镜B和反射镜C反射后从喷嘴扩张段射出，粉末入口位于反射镜D和反射镜B之间。A laser-assisted cold spray nozzle device, including a nozzle, one side of the nozzle throat is a nozzle constriction section, the other side of the nozzle throat is a nozzle expansion section, and the nozzle is provided with a high-pressure gas inlet and a laser power supply on one side of the nozzle constriction section. The light-transmitting window where the beam enters, the light-transmitting window is set away from the axis of the nozzle, the nozzle is provided with a reflector A on the nozzle constriction section, and the nozzle is provided with a powder inlet, reflector B, reflector C and reflector D on the side of the nozzle expansion section , the laser beam entering from the light-transmitting window is reflected by mirror A, mirror D, mirror B and mirror C in sequence inside the nozzle, and then ejected from the expansion section of the nozzle. The powder inlet is located between mirror D and mirror B.
作为优选，所述高压气体入口与喷嘴轴线垂直，粉末入口与喷嘴轴线垂直。Preferably, the high-pressure gas inlet is perpendicular to the nozzle axis, and the powder inlet is perpendicular to the nozzle axis.
作为优选，所述反射镜A和反射镜D与喷嘴一体固定连接，反射镜B和反射镜C以可拆卸方式安装在喷嘴上。Preferably, the reflector A and the reflector D are integrally fixedly connected to the nozzle, and the reflector B and the reflector C are detachably mounted on the nozzle.
作为优选，所述反射镜A、反射镜D、反射镜B和反射镜C为平面镜或凹面镜。Preferably, the mirror A, the mirror D, the mirror B and the mirror C are plane mirrors or concave mirrors.
一种激光辅助冷喷涂方法，包括如上所述的一种激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴装置，高压气体从高压气体入口进入喷嘴内部，依次经过喷嘴收缩段、喷嘴喉部和喷嘴扩张段后喷射至基体；粉末颗粒从粉末入口进入喷嘴扩张段后由高压气体携带形成粉末流喷射至基体；激光束从透光窗口进入喷嘴内部，依次经过反射镜A、反射镜D、反射镜B和反射镜C反射后照射在基体上，激光束在反射过程中穿过粉末流对粉末颗粒进行预热，激光束在基体表面的照射区域与粉末流在基体表面的喷射区域叠合。A laser-assisted cold spraying method, including a laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle device as described above, high-pressure gas enters the interior of the nozzle from the high-pressure gas inlet, and sprays to the substrate after sequentially passing through the nozzle contraction section, nozzle throat and nozzle expansion section; After the powder particles enter the expansion section of the nozzle from the powder inlet, they are carried by the high-pressure gas to form a powder flow and spray to the substrate; the laser beam enters the interior of the nozzle from the light-transmitting window, and is reflected by mirror A, mirror D, mirror B and mirror C in turn. When irradiated on the substrate, the laser beam passes through the powder flow to preheat the powder particles during the reflection process, and the irradiation area of the laser beam on the surface of the substrate overlaps with the injection area of the powder flow on the surface of the substrate.
上述激光束的入射角度应在0°到喷嘴收敛角一半之间，透光窗口和反射镜A、B、C、D的安装位置是经过光束反射角关系确定的，反射镜A必须安装在收缩段上，反射镜B安装在喉部以后并在送粉入口前，而反射镜B、C安装在送粉入口后。作为优选，所述激光束的入射角度(入射激光束与喷嘴轴线的夹角)为1°～10°，喷嘴收缩段的收缩角度(以喷嘴轴线为中心相对设置的两收缩内壁之间的夹角)为30°～45°，喷嘴扩张段的扩张角度(以喷嘴轴线为中心相对设置的两扩张内壁之间的夹角)为10°～12°。The incident angle of the above-mentioned laser beam should be between 0° and half of the nozzle convergence angle. The installation positions of the light-transmitting window and the mirrors A, B, C, and D are determined by the beam reflection angle relationship. The mirror A must be installed In the section, mirror B is installed after the throat and before the powder feeding inlet, while mirrors B and C are installed after the powder feeding inlet. Preferably, the incident angle of the laser beam (the angle between the incident laser beam and the nozzle axis) is 1° to 10°, and the shrinkage angle of the nozzle shrinkage section (the angle between the two shrinkage inner walls that are arranged opposite to the nozzle axis) Angle) is 30°-45°, and the expansion angle of the nozzle expansion section (the included angle between two expansion inner walls opposite to each other with the nozzle axis as the center) is 10°-12°.
本发明由于采用了以上的技术方案，工作时激光器发出与喷嘴轴线呈特定角度的激光束，光束透过窗口，进入喷嘴照射在反射镜A上，光束经反射镜D、B和C的反射最终照射在基体上，与此同时高压气体通过气体入口进入喷嘴内部经Laval喷嘴加速后达到超音速并携带从粉末入口进入喷嘴扩张段中的粉末流，激光束在到达基体的过程中大范围的加热了喷嘴内的气体、粉末颗粒和基体，使粉末和基体软化，有利于粉末颗粒沉积在基体上形成高性能的涂层。该激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴能够对喷嘴内气体和粉末颗粒及基体预热，且预热均匀，可免去气体加热装置，且光斑形状直径不受限制可灵活调节。粉末从扩张段注入，避免了喷嘴喉部堵塞现象的出现。Since the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, the laser emits a laser beam at a specific angle to the axis of the nozzle during operation. The beam passes through the window and enters the nozzle to irradiate on the mirror A. Irradiated on the substrate, at the same time, the high-pressure gas enters the nozzle through the gas inlet and is accelerated by the Laval nozzle to reach supersonic speed and carry the powder flow from the powder inlet into the expansion section of the nozzle. The laser beam is heated in a wide range during the process of reaching the substrate. It eliminates the gas, powder particles and substrate in the nozzle, softens the powder and substrate, and facilitates the deposition of powder particles on the substrate to form a high-performance coating. The laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle can preheat the gas, powder particles and substrate in the nozzle, and the preheating is uniform, the gas heating device can be eliminated, and the shape and diameter of the spot can be flexibly adjusted without limitation. The powder is injected from the expansion section, which avoids the occurrence of clogging of the nozzle throat.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是现有技术激光冷喷涂系统的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a laser cold spraying system in the prior art.
图2是本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;
1－激光器，2－激光束，3－透光窗口，4－喷嘴，5－反射镜A，6－粉末入口，7－反射镜B，8－粉末流，9－涂层，10－基体，11－反射镜C，12－喷嘴扩张段，13－反射镜D，14－喷嘴喉部，15－喷嘴收缩段，16－高压气体入口，17－喷嘴轴线。1-laser, 2-laser beam, 3-opaque window, 4-nozzle, 5-reflector A, 6-powder inlet, 7-reflector B, 8-powder flow, 9-coating, 10-substrate, 11—mirror C, 12—nozzle expansion section, 13—reflector D, 14—nozzle throat, 15—nozzle contraction section, 16—high pressure gas inlet, 17—nozzle axis.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做一个详细的说明。The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1：Example 1:
如图2所示的一种激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴装置，包括喷嘴4，喷嘴喉部14的一侧为喷嘴收缩段15，喷嘴喉部14的另一侧为喷嘴扩张段12，喷嘴4在喷嘴收缩段15一侧设有高压气体入口16和供激光束2进入的透光窗口3，透光窗口3偏离喷嘴轴线17设置，喷嘴4在喷嘴收缩段15上设有反射镜A5，喷嘴4在喷嘴扩张段12一侧设有粉末入口6、反射镜B7、反射镜C11和反射镜D13，从透光窗口3进入的激光束2在喷嘴4内部依次经过反射镜A5、反射镜D13、反射镜B7和反射镜C11反射后从喷嘴扩张段12射出，粉末入口6位于反射镜D13和反射镜B7之间。所述高压气体入口16与喷嘴轴线17垂直，粉末入口6与喷嘴轴线17垂直。所述反射镜A5和反射镜D13与喷嘴4一体固定连接，反射镜B7和反射镜C11以可拆卸方式安装在喷嘴4上。所述反射镜A5、反射镜D13、反射镜B7和反射镜C11为平面镜或凹面镜。A kind of laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle device as shown in Figure 2, comprises nozzle 4, and one side of nozzle throat 14 is nozzle constriction section 15, and the other side of nozzle throat 14 is nozzle expansion section 12, and nozzle 4 is in nozzle One side of the contraction section 15 is provided with a high-pressure gas inlet 16 and a light-transmitting window 3 for the laser beam 2 to enter. The light-transmitting window 3 is set away from the nozzle axis 17. The side of the nozzle expansion section 12 is provided with a powder inlet 6, a mirror B7, a mirror C11 and a mirror D13, and the laser beam 2 entering from the light-transmitting window 3 passes through the mirror A5, the mirror D13, and the mirror in sequence inside the nozzle 4. B7 and reflector C11 are reflected and ejected from nozzle expansion section 12, and powder inlet 6 is located between reflector D13 and reflector B7. The high-pressure gas inlet 16 is perpendicular to the nozzle axis 17 , and the powder inlet 6 is perpendicular to the nozzle axis 17 . The reflector A5 and the reflector D13 are integrally fixedly connected with the nozzle 4 , and the reflector B7 and the reflector C11 are detachably mounted on the nozzle 4 . The reflector A5, the reflector D13, the reflector B7 and the reflector C11 are plane mirrors or concave mirrors.
一种激光辅助冷喷涂方法，包括如上所述的一种激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴装置，高压气体从高压气体入口16进入喷嘴4内部，依次经过喷嘴收缩段15、喷嘴喉部14和喷嘴扩张段12后喷射至基体10；粉末颗粒从粉末入口6进入喷嘴扩张段12后由高压气体携带形成粉末流8喷射至基体10；激光器1产生的激光束2，从透光窗口3进入喷嘴4内部，依次经过反射镜A5、反射镜D13、反射镜B7和反射镜C11反射后照射在基体10上，激光束2在反射过程中穿过粉末流8对粉末颗粒进行预热，激光束2在基体10表面的照射区域与粉末流8在基体10表面的喷射区域叠合。A laser-assisted cold spraying method, including a laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle device as described above, high-pressure gas enters the interior of the nozzle 4 from the high-pressure gas inlet 16, and passes through the nozzle contraction section 15, nozzle throat 14 and nozzle expansion section 12 in sequence Then spray to the substrate 10; the powder particles enter the nozzle expansion section 12 from the powder inlet 6, and then are carried by the high-pressure gas to form a powder flow 8 and spray to the substrate 10; the laser beam 2 generated by the laser 1 enters the interior of the nozzle 4 from the light-transmitting window 3, and sequentially After being reflected by the mirror A5, the mirror D13, the mirror B7 and the mirror C11, it is irradiated on the substrate 10, and the laser beam 2 passes through the powder flow 8 to preheat the powder particles during the reflection process, and the laser beam 2 is on the surface of the substrate 10. The irradiated area overlaps with the injection area of the powder flow 8 on the surface of the substrate 10 .
本实施例中，所述激光束2的入射角度为1°～10°，喷嘴收缩段15的收缩角度为30°～45°，喷嘴扩张段12的扩张角度为10°～12°。反射镜A5和D13直接内嵌在超音速喷嘴4中与喷嘴为一体，而反射镜B7和C11可拆卸，通过螺钉固定在喷嘴4上。In this embodiment, the incident angle of the laser beam 2 is 1°-10°, the contraction angle of the nozzle constriction section 15 is 30°-45°, and the expansion angle of the nozzle expansion section 12 is 10°-12°. The reflectors A5 and D13 are directly embedded in the supersonic nozzle 4 and integrated with the nozzle, while the reflectors B7 and C11 are detachable and fixed on the nozzle 4 by screws.
激光器1发出与X轴(喷嘴轴线17)呈特定角度的激光束2，光束透过透光窗口3，进入喷嘴照射在反射镜A5上，光束经反射镜D13、反射镜B7和反射镜C11的反射最终照射在基体上，与此同时高压气体通过高压气体入口16进入喷嘴内部经Laval喷嘴加速后达到超音速并携带从粉末入口6进入喷嘴扩张段12中的粉末流8，激光束在到达基体的过程中大范围的加热了喷嘴内的气体、粉末颗粒和基体，使粉末和基体软化，有利于粉末颗粒沉积在基体10上形成高性能的涂层9。该激光辅助冷喷涂喷嘴能够对喷嘴内气体和粉末颗粒及基体预热，且预热均匀，可免去气体加热装置，且光斑形状直径不受限制可灵活调节。该装置粉末从超音速喷嘴的扩张段以后送入，大大降低送粉气压，节约成本，并且可以避免喷嘴喉部发生粘结甚至堵塞现象。通过螺钉固定在喷嘴上的反射镜B7和反射镜C11是可拆卸的，在激光冷喷涂一段时间后，可将反射镜B7和反射镜C11取下，采用专用擦镜纸进行擦拭。The laser 1 emits a laser beam 2 at a specific angle to the X-axis (nozzle axis 17). The beam passes through the light-transmitting window 3 and enters the nozzle to irradiate the mirror A5. The beam passes through the mirror D13, the mirror B7 and the mirror C11. The reflection is finally irradiated on the substrate. At the same time, the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the nozzle through the high-pressure gas inlet 16. After being accelerated by the Laval nozzle, it reaches supersonic speed and carries the powder flow 8 from the powder inlet 6 into the nozzle expansion section 12. The laser beam reaches the substrate. During the process, the gas, powder particles and substrate in the nozzle are heated in a wide range, so that the powder and substrate are softened, which is conducive to the deposition of powder particles on the substrate 10 to form a high-performance coating 9 . The laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle can preheat the gas, powder particles and substrate in the nozzle, and the preheating is uniform, the gas heating device can be eliminated, and the shape and diameter of the spot can be flexibly adjusted without limitation. The powder of the device is fed from the expansion section of the supersonic nozzle, which greatly reduces the powder feeding pressure, saves costs, and can avoid the nozzle throat from sticking or even clogging. The reflector B7 and reflector C11 fixed on the nozzle by screws are detachable. After a period of laser cold spraying, the reflector B7 and reflector C11 can be removed and wiped with special mirror cleaning paper.
需要强调的是：以上仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。It should be emphasized that: the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are valid. Still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410101590.7A CN103920626B (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410101590.7A CN103920626B (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103920626A CN103920626A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| CN103920626B true CN103920626B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
Family
ID=51139158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410101590.7A Active CN103920626B (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103920626B (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105862034B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of supersonic speed laser deposition coaxial powder feeding apparatus |
| KR102361006B1 (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2022-02-09 | 더 리젠츠 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 미시건 | Low-temperature spraying device with large-area uniform deposition performance |
| CN106694872A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 华中科技大学 | Compound additional material manufacturing method applicable to parts and dies |
| CN108950533B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-08-11 | 廖妤 | Laser-cold spraying coaxial composite deposition device and method |
| CN107622146B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2020-07-03 | 西北工业大学 | A design method of cold spray nozzle |
| CN107937904B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-12-31 | 常州大学 | Method and device for preparing aluminum coating by laser cold spraying |
| CN108188401A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-06-22 | 顺德职业技术学院 | High-frequency induction heating assists cold spraying deposited metal 3D printing method and apparatus |
| CN108754423B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-07-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Organic vapor deposition device and control method thereof |
| CN109161886A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-08 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of method of laser assisted cold spraying increasing material manufacturing |
| CN110328364B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-11-24 | 华中科技大学 | A method and device for additive manufacturing of ceramics and their composites |
| CN111349924B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-11-02 | 东南大学 | Underwater laser-cold spray composite deposition device |
| CN111254431B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2022-03-18 | 浙江工业大学 | A light-powder co-channel powder feeding nozzle for atmosphere protection |
| CN111519185B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-05-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A supersonic laser deposition device and method |
| CN111719146B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2023-05-23 | 浙江工业大学 | A supersonic laser deposition nozzle device and deposition method with dual laser heads and dual powder feeding ports |
| CN114130581B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-09-29 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司检修公司 | A laser cold spray assembly and spraying system |
| CN115233141B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-03-29 | 广西大学 | New laser spraying device and spraying method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6623796B1 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-09-23 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of producing a coating using a kinetic spray process with large particles and nozzles for the same |
| GB2439934A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-16 | William Geoffrey Hopkins | Laser-assisted spray system and nozzle |
| CN101125394A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-02-20 | 华中科技大学 | Automatic powder feeding laser induction composite cladding method and device |
| CN102712007A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2012-10-03 | 密执安州立大学董事会 | Coaxial laser assisted cold spray nozzle |
| CN203886770U (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-10-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011122213A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-23 | Iwate Industrial Research Center | Method for forming film by cold spray method and cold spray apparatus |
-
2014
- 2014-03-19 CN CN201410101590.7A patent/CN103920626B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6623796B1 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-09-23 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of producing a coating using a kinetic spray process with large particles and nozzles for the same |
| GB2439934A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-16 | William Geoffrey Hopkins | Laser-assisted spray system and nozzle |
| CN101125394A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-02-20 | 华中科技大学 | Automatic powder feeding laser induction composite cladding method and device |
| CN102712007A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2012-10-03 | 密执安州立大学董事会 | Coaxial laser assisted cold spray nozzle |
| CN203886770U (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-10-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103920626A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103920626B (en) | A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device | |
| CN108950533B (en) | Laser-cold spraying coaxial composite deposition device and method | |
| CN105862034B (en) | A kind of supersonic speed laser deposition coaxial powder feeding apparatus | |
| US6623796B1 (en) | Method of producing a coating using a kinetic spray process with large particles and nozzles for the same | |
| US6743468B2 (en) | Method of coating with combined kinetic spray and thermal spray | |
| CN106272106B (en) | A magnetic field assisted micro-abrasive water jet machining method and its spraying device | |
| CN103602976B (en) | Method and equipment for preparing visible light-responsive TiO2 photocatalytic coating by cold spraying | |
| CN203886770U (en) | Laser-assisted cold spraying nozzle device | |
| CN106283030A (en) | A kind of cold spray-coating method of controlled laser facula Energy distribution | |
| CN104451606B (en) | A kind of method of carbon/carbon compound material rapid vapor deposition density | |
| WO2021128841A1 (en) | Laser composite cold spraying in-situ nitriding strengthening method and cold spraying device | |
| CN101116849B (en) | De-Laval-Type nozzle for cold spraying | |
| CN112007777A (en) | A handheld laser-assisted low-pressure cold spraying device | |
| CN110158082A (en) | Method for assisting metal surface laser cladding nano ceramic coating through ultrasonic fixed point focusing | |
| CN103305843A (en) | Embossed laser beam implementation method and device for reducing cracks on cladding layer | |
| CN111719146B (en) | A supersonic laser deposition nozzle device and deposition method with dual laser heads and dual powder feeding ports | |
| CN109609948A (en) | A kind of preparation method of functional composite cold spray coating | |
| CN109182955B (en) | Microwave absorbing coating and preparation method thereof | |
| CN201143468Y (en) | Laval nozzle for cold spraying | |
| CN201839502U (en) | Anode of arc plasma generator | |
| CN113713979A (en) | Electromagnetic induction heating auxiliary cold spraying spray gun device | |
| CN211645387U (en) | Cold spraying device for laser composite cold spraying in-situ nitridation | |
| CN213142193U (en) | Double-laser-head double-powder-feeding-port supersonic laser deposition nozzle device | |
| CN201969665U (en) | Integrated ultrasonic atomizing pyrolytic large-area coating device with broad temperature zone | |
| CN110877003B (en) | Hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on double-pulse strong laser technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |