CN103898297B - A kind of blisk laser shock peening method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser shock strengthening method for an integral blisk. In the method, firstly, the integral blisk is installed on a flange plate at the end of a trajectory robot through a clamp, and then the optical path system is sequentially set as optical path three (9) working, optical path One (15) work, light path four (10) work, light path two (14) work, light path four (10) work and light path two (14) work, respectively for the leaf back edge area (3), The front edge area of the leaf basin (6), the rear edge area of the leaf basin (4), the leading edge area of the back of the leaf (1), the tip area of the leaf basin (5) and the back tip area (2) are subjected to laser shock strengthening. The laser shock strengthening method of the invention is simple, and after the laser shock strengthening of the leaf disc, the residual compressive stress can reach more than 300 MPa, the high-frequency vibration fatigue life is increased by about 6 to 30 times, and the deformation of the workpiece is small.

Description

A Laser Shock Strengthening Method for Integral Blisk

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of application in the surface treatment of an aeroengine integral blisk blade, in particular to a laser shock strengthening method for an integral blisk.

Background technique

Laser shock strengthening technology uses plasma shock waves generated by strong laser beams, which can generate compressive surface residual stress on the surface of workpieces with a depth greater than 1mm, improve the damage resistance margin and fatigue performance of blades, and be compatible with the surface of metal materials such as cold extrusion and shot peening. Compared with strengthening methods, it has outstanding advantages such as non-contact, no heat-affected zone, strong controllability and remarkable strengthening effect. The damage resistance and fatigue performance of the laser shock strengthened blade are greatly improved, and even when the edge gap of the strengthened blade is less than 3mm, its service life is still equivalent to that of the intact unstrengthened blade.

Integral blisks design the blade and the disc as one part, replacing the usual connection structure of the tenon teeth of the blade and the tenon groove of the disc and the locking plate, which improves the aerodynamic efficiency, thrust-to-weight ratio and reliability of the engine. The traditional strengthening technology of a single blade is shot peening. Shot peening is difficult to implement on parts with irregular surfaces, and it is easy to cause deformation of thin-walled parts, which may have an impact on surface roughness and size.

Laser shock strengthening is controllable and can strengthen the designated area on the part. The present invention proposes a laser shock strengthening method for the overall blisk of the aero-engine. A compressive stress layer is formed on the surface of the blade, which can greatly improve the blade of the aero-engine. Performance indicators such as fatigue resistance and tensile stress corrosion resistance of the disk. The application of the present invention will have great significance for solving the fatigue fracture problem of the overall blisk of the aircraft engine and improving its reliability.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a laser shock strengthening method for an integral blisk for an aero-engine. The laser shock strengthening method is simple, has good strengthening quality, small workpiece deformation and high production efficiency.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A laser shock strengthening method for a whole blisk. In the method, the whole blisk is first installed on the flange plate at the end of the trajectory robot through a fixture, and then the optical path system is sequentially set to work on the three optical paths, one on the optical path, and four on the optical path. Light path 2 work, light path 4 work and light path 2 work respectively respectively to the leaf rear edge area, the leaf basin front edge area, the leaf basin rear edge area, the leaf back front edge area, the leaf basin blade tip area and the leaf Laser shock peening in the dorsal tip area. Specifically include the following steps:

(1) Processing of the blade back edge area: the optical path system is switched to the optical path three, and the trajectory robot moves with the blade disc, starting from the blade root in the blade back edge area and processing point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the blade tip direction, and a blade is processed After that, the track robot will automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed;

(2) Processing of the leading edge area of the blade basin: the optical path system is switched to optical path 1, and the trajectory robot moves with the blade disk, starting from the blade root of the blade basin leading edge area and processing point by point to the blade tip according to the predetermined trajectory, and the processing is completed. After one blade, the trajectory robot will automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed;

(3) Processing of the rear edge area of the leaf pot: the optical path system switches to optical path 4, and the trajectory robot moves with the leaf disk, starting from the root of the leaf pot rear edge area and processing point by point to the blade tip according to the predetermined trajectory. After one blade, the trajectory robot will automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed;

(4) Processing of the leading edge area of the back of the blade: the optical path system is switched to the second optical path, and the trajectory robot moves with the blade disc, starting from the root of the leading edge of the back of the blade to process point by point according to the predetermined trajectory towards the tip of the blade. After one blade, the trajectory robot will automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed;

(5) Machining in the blade tip area of the blade pot: the optical path system switches to the optical path 4, and the trajectory robot moves with the blade disc, starting from the root of the blade tip area of the blade pot and processing point by point in the direction of the blade tip according to the predetermined trajectory. After one blade, the trajectory robot will automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed;

(6) Processing of blade back and tip area: the optical path system is switched to optical path 2, and the trajectory robot moves with the blade disc, starting from the root of the blade back and tip area to process point by point in the direction of the blade tip according to the predetermined trajectory. After one blade, the track robot will automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed.

The optical path system includes: the optical path one and optical path two switching slide table, the optical path three and optical path four switching slide table and the light outlet sliding table installed on the optical platform; the numerical control sliding table installed inside the laser for optical path switching; installed on the Optical path three turntable and optical path one turntable on the optical platform; optical path three and optical path four calibration slides and optical path one and optical path two calibration slides installed on the optical platform; optical path two reflectors and optical path installed on the optical platform Four reflectors, reflector A and reflector B; optical path one focusing mirror, optical path three focusing mirrors, optical path two focusing mirrors and optical path four focusing mirrors installed on the optical platform, optical path two uniform light lenses and optical path installed on the optical platform The four uniform light lenses of the optical path, the second optical path focusing mirror and the second optical path uniform light lens form the optical path two uniform light focusing lens group, the optical path four focusing mirrors and the optical path four uniform light lenses form the optical path four uniform light focusing lens group; respectively install The optical path one swing arm and the optical path three swing arms on the optical path one turntable and the optical path three turntable; the optical path one small reflector and the optical path three small reflectors respectively installed at the ends of the optical path one swing arm and the optical path three swing arm ends; Optical path one and optical path two switching slide table and optical path three and optical path four switching slide table optical path one mirror and optical path three mirrors; mirror C and mirror D installed on the light exit slide table; installed on the CNC slide table The reflector E on the top; the beam combining mirror installed inside the laser; the calibration energy meter and optical path of the optical path 3 and optical path 4 respectively installed on the optical path 3 and optical path 4 calibration slides and the optical path 1 and optical path 2 calibration slides One and optical path two calibration energy meter; the protective plate, protective cover and light guide installed on the optical table.

The reflector E can slide on the numerically controlled slide table under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; the laser is provided with light outlet A and light outlet B; when the reflector E is in front of the light outlet A , the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E to the beam combiner, and then the laser and laser beam B reflected by the beam combiner are both output from the light exit hole B; when the reflector E is between the light exit A and the light exit B When the position is set, the laser beam A and the laser beam B are respectively output from the light outlet A and the light outlet B.

The switching of the optical path system to the optical path three means: when the first swing arm of the optical path is not in the working position, when the reflector E is in front of the light outlet of A, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E to the beam combining mirror, The laser beam reflected by the beam combining mirror and the laser beam B are both output from the light exit hole B. At the same time, when the mirror C is behind the light exit hole B, the laser output from the light exit hole B can be reflected to the reflector by the reflection of the mirror C. On the mirror A on the left side of mirror C, at the same time, when the three mirrors in the optical path are directly behind the reflected light path of mirror A, the laser light reflected by mirror A is reflected to the three focusing mirrors in the optical path through the three mirrors in the optical path, and the three optical paths swing When the arm swings until the three small mirrors of the optical path are just to the right of the output light path of the three focusing mirrors of the optical path, the three small mirrors of the optical path will reflect the laser output from the three focusing mirrors of the optical path to the surface of the workpiece, forming a light intensity with a diameter of 2-5mm Uniform circular light spot, processing the blade rear edge area of the aeroengine blisk;

The switching of the optical path system to optical path one means: when the three swing arms of the optical path are not in the working position, and when the reflector E is in front of the light outlet A, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E to the beam combining mirror, The laser beam and laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror are both output from the light exit hole B. Reflected by mirror D, it is reflected on mirror B on the right side of mirror D. At the same time, when the optical path one reflector is directly behind the reflected light path of reflector B, the laser reflected by mirror B is reflected by optical path one reflector to Optical path one focusing mirror, and when the optical path one swings the arm until the optical path one small reflector is just on the left side of the output light path of the optical path one focusing mirror, the optical path one small reflective mirror will reflect the laser output through the optical path one focusing mirror to the workpiece On the surface, a circular light spot with a diameter of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity is formed to process the leading edge area of the blade basin of the aeroengine blade disk;

The switching of the optical path system to the fourth optical path refers to: when the first swing arm of the optical path and the third swing arm of the optical path are not in the working position, when the reflector E is directly in front of the light outlet of A, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E , to the beam combining mirror, and then the laser beam reflected by the beam combining mirror and the laser beam B are both output from the light exit hole B. At the same time, when the reflector C is behind the light exit hole B, the laser output from the light exit hole B passes through the reflector C The reflection can be reflected to the mirror A on the left side of the mirror C. At the same time, when the three mirrors in the optical path are not directly behind the reflection light path of the mirror A, the laser reflected by the mirror A is reflected by the four mirrors in the optical path to the four uniforms in the optical path On the light focusing lens group, a square spot with a side length of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity is formed to process the rear edge area of the blade basin and the tip area of the blade basin of the aeroengine blade disk;

The switching of the optical path system to the second optical path refers to: when the first swing arm of the optical path and the third swing arm of the optical path are not in the working position, when the reflector E is in front of the light outlet A, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E , to the beam combining mirror, and then the laser beam and laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror are both output from the light exit hole B. The laser output from the light exit hole is reflected by the mirror D to the mirror B on the right side of the mirror D. At the same time, when the first mirror of the optical path is not directly behind the reflected light path of the mirror B, the laser reflected by the mirror B passes through The second reflector of the optical path is reflected to the homogeneous focusing lens group of the second optical path to form a square spot with a side length of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity, which is used to process the leading edge area and tip area of the blade back of the aeroengine blade disk.

Before performing laser shock strengthening on the overall blisk, check the optical path three (9), optical path four (10), optical path two (14) and optical path one (15) of the optical path system to ensure that they can work normally.

Before processing each area of the blisk, first paste a black tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm on the area to be processed as an absorption layer. After the area is processed, remove the black tape on it.

In the laser shock strengthening process, deionized water is used as the constrained layer; the resistivity of the deionized water is 18 M, and the thickness of the constrained layer is 1-2 mm, and the thickness is uniform.

Laser beam A and laser beam B are laser beams with an input wavelength of 1064nm, a single pulse energy of 3-20J, a pulse width of 8-25ns, a beam diameter<27mm, and a divergence angle<3mrad. The optical path three (9) and the optical path One (15) output a circular laser beam with a single pulse energy of 6-10J, a pulse width of 15-20ns, and a spot diameter of 3mm.

Laser beam A and laser beam B are laser beams with an input wavelength of 1064nm, a single pulse energy of 3-20J, a pulse width of 8-25ns, a beam diameter of <27mm, and a divergence angle of <3mrad. The four optical paths (10) and the optical path Two (14) output a square laser beam with a single pulse energy of 7-10J, a pulse width of 15-20ns, and a spot size of 3mm side length.

The repetitive positioning accuracy of the trajectory robot is ±0.09mm. The laser shock strengthening method adopts the method of moving the track robot and shocking the laser once, that is, processing point by point.

In the laser shock peening, the overlapping rate of the circular light spot is 20%-30%, and the overlapping rate of the square light spot is 5%-15%. The laser shock strengthening area of the overall blade disc is the area within 12mm of the leading edge of the blade back, the area within 12mm of the blade tip of the blade back, the area within 12mm of the rear edge of the blade, the area within 12mm of the trailing edge of the blade basin, and the area within 12mm of the blade tip of the blade basin. The area of 12mm, the area of 12mm at the leading edge of the blade pot, that is, the area within 12mm around the blade, and the blade root area is not processed.

The predetermined trajectory refers to: the laser shock strengthening of the overall blisk, for each processing area of the leading edge and the trailing edge, the sequence of shock strengthening is: first process from the direction of the blade root to the direction of the blade tip at the edge, and then to the The interior of the blade is offset by a specified distance and then processed from the direction of the root to the direction of the tip, a total of 4 times; for each processing area of the tip, the sequence of impact strengthening is: first at the tip from the direction of the leading edge to the direction of the trailing edge Processing, and then offset the specified distance to the inside of the blade, and then process from the direction of the leading edge to the direction of the trailing edge, a total of 4 times; the specified distance refers to the offset to the interior of the blade according to the overlap rate of the circular or square light spot.

For the laser shock strengthening of the overall blisk, the energy used for the last process close to the inside of the blade is 20% lower than the energy used in the first three processes.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. Automatic and fast switching between square light spot and circular light spot, high efficiency of impact strengthening processing.

2. The deformation of the workpiece is small.

3. After laser shock strengthening of the blisk, the residual compressive stress can reach more than 300MPa.

4. The high-frequency vibration fatigue life of the blisk after laser shock strengthening treatment is increased by more than 20 to 30 times.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall plan diagram of the equipment used in the inventive method;

Fig. 2 is the used equipment layout schematic diagram of inventive method;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the partially enlarged water delivery robot system 105 in FIG. 2;

Fig. 4 is the schematic structural view of the partially enlarged optical path system 103 and the laser head 109 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the working diagram of trajectory robot 106 of the present invention;

Wherein, 107 is a blisk, 111 is a nozzle, and 115 is a laser beam;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of water delivery system 101 in the equipment used;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the hardware composition of the equipment used;

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the fixture structure of the equipment used in the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the plan view of fixture connecting flange in the equipment used in the present invention;

Fig. 10 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the fixture cone support in the equipment used in the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the expansion ring of the clamp opening in the equipment used in the present invention;

Figure 13 is a top view of Figure 12;

Fig. 14 is the top view of the clamp equalizing cone in the equipment used in the present invention;

Fig. 15 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the fixture gland in the equipment used in the present invention;

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the clamp special-shaped nut in the equipment used in the present invention;

Figure 18 is a top view of Figure 17;

Among them: 1 is a special-shaped nut, 2 is a screw, 3 is a connecting flange, 4 is a screw, 5 is a cone support, 6 is an equal-divided cone, 7 is an opening expansion ring, 8 is a blisk, and 9 is a rubber pad , 10 is a gland, 11 is a flat pad, 12 is a tie rod, 13 is a pin, 14 is a connecting plate, and 15 is a tapered pin;

Fig. 19 is a structural diagram of the optical path system of the laser head part in the equipment used in the present invention;

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of the laser head installed in the optical path system of the present invention;

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical path system of the laser head in the present invention;

Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end of the laser head;

Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of a small reflector mirror seat;

Among them: 102 is the laser, 515 is the optical platform, 903 is the light pipe A, 511 is the large focusing mirror, 905 is the CNC turntable, 906 is the swing arm, 907 is the end of the laser head, 908 is the light pipe, 909 is the connecting pipe , 910 is the connection plate, 911 is the counterweight, 912 is the small focusing mirror, 913 is the locking screw B, 914 is the small mirror, 915 is the flat head screw, 916 is the locking screw A, 917 is the small mirror holder, 918 for the light outlet;

Fig. 24 is the working principle diagram of the equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of the optical path system of the present invention;

Fig. 26 is a top view of the optical path system of the present invention;

Figure 27 is a perspective view of the optical path system of the present invention;

Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical platform;

Figure 29 is an effect diagram of the laser beam transmitted by the optical path;

Among them: 501 is the switching slide table between the first optical path and the second optical path, 502 is the second reflector of the optical path, 503 is the first reflector of the optical path, 504 is the uniform focusing mirror group of the second optical path, 505 is the focusing mirror of the first optical path, and 506 is the turntable of the first optical path, 507 is a small reflector in the optical path, 508 is three small reflectors in the optical path, 509 is three turntables in the optical path, 510 is a group of four uniform light focusing mirrors in the optical path, 511 is three focusing mirrors in the optical path, 512 is four reflective mirrors in the optical path, and 513 is three in the optical path Reflector, 514 is the slide table for switching between optical path three and optical path four, 515 is an optical platform; 516 is reflector A, 517 is a slide table for light outlet, 518 is reflector C, 102 is a laser, 520 is reflector E, 521 is NC slide table, 522 is reflector D, 523 is reflector B, 524 is optical path two uniform light lens, 525 is optical path two focusing mirror, 526 is optical path three and optical path four calibration slide table, 527 is optical path three and optical path four Calibration energy meter, 528 is the first swing arm of the optical path, 529 is the third swing arm of the optical path, 530 is the calibration energy meter of the first optical path and the second optical path, 531 is the calibration slide table of the first optical path and the second optical path, 532 is the four focusing mirrors of the optical path, 533 is four uniform light lenses of the light path, 534 is a protective plate, 535 is a protective cover, 903 is a light pipe A, and 537 is a beam combining mirror.

Fig. 30 is the laser shock strengthening area of the blisk of the present invention; wherein: figure (a) is a convex view of the blisk blade; figure (b) is a concave view of the blisk blade;

Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of overlapping circular light spots according to the present invention.

Fig. 32 is a schematic diagram of overlapping of square light spots according to the present invention.

Wherein: 401 is the front edge area of the leaf back, 402 is the tip area of the back of the leaf, 403 is the rear edge area of the leaf, 404 is the rear edge area of the leaf basin, 405 is the tip area of the leaf basin, 406 is the front edge area of the leaf basin, 409 410 is the fourth light path, 414 is the second light path, and 415 is the first light path.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

A preferred equipment used in the laser shock peening method of the present invention is as follows:

The structure and layout of the equipment are shown in Figure 2. The water delivery system 101 is connected with the water delivery robot system 110 to deliver water to the processing area of the blisk 107 according to the specified direction and size; the laser beam emitted by the laser 102 is installed on the laser The optical path system 103 directly in front of 102 is directly transmitted to the processing area of the blisk 107 or transmitted to the processing area of the blisk 107 through the optical path system 103 and the laser head 109, wherein the light outlet of the laser 102 is aligned with the light entrance of the optical path system 103; The sound pressure quality monitoring system 316 is installed on the bracket 105 and is at the same height as the blisk 107 processing area, and is used to monitor the processing quality of the blisk; 107 is installed on the end of the track robot 106 arm through the clamp 108, and the track robot drives its movement. The laser 102 is connected with the upper computer 112 through the laser controller 113, and the water delivery robot 110 and the track robot are connected with the upper computer through the robot controller 114. The water delivery system 101 , laser 102 , quality monitoring system 104 , water delivery robot 110 , track robot 106 , and optical path system 103 are uniformly controlled by the host computer 112 .

As shown in Figures 1-7, the equipment used in the present invention includes a laser 102, a track robot 106 that holds a blisk 107 along a specified track and moves relative to the laser beam, and a clamping nozzle 111 that moves along a specified track to send water to the processing area. Robot 110, constrained layer water delivery system (including water delivery system 101 and water delivery robot system 105) that controls water volume and automatic start and stop, sound pressure quality monitoring system 104 that monitors processing quality online in real time, and process monitoring that monitors and controls the normal operation of equipment System 313 , shaping the laser beam emitted by the laser 102 and transmitting it to the optical path system 103 at the processing position.

Among them: the laser 102 is used to generate short pulses with a pulse width of 8 to 25 ns, a frequency of 0 to 10 Hz, a beam diameter of <27 mm, and a laser with a single pulse energy of <25 J, which can generate high peak power density (>10 ⁹ W/cm ² ) laser to form a plasma between the metal target and the confinement layer.

Fix the workpiece (blisk) on the end fixture 108 of the trajectory robot 106, rely on the drive of the robot to move the workpiece into the processing space, and continuously adjust the position and posture of the workpiece according to the enhanced processing trajectory, so as to realize laser shock at different positions of the workpiece strengthen. At the same time, the indexing and rotating movement of the blisk is also realized on the end fixture of the robot, so as to realize the laser shock strengthening processing of different blades on the blisk.

Install the nozzle 111 on the flange at the end of the water delivery robot 110, rely on the robot to move the nozzle 111 into the processing space, and continuously adjust the position and posture of the nozzle according to the enhanced processing trajectory, so as to achieve stable and uniform water flow in the processing area.

Constrained layer water supply system consists of water tank 624, water pump 627, solenoid valve 618, flow valve 311, liquid level sensor (water level sensor) 623, flow sensor (water flow sensor) 626, water collection tank 314, etc. Monitor and control the water storage capacity of the deionized water in the water tank 624 through the liquid level sensor 626 and the electromagnetic valve 312. When the water volume is insufficient, the water will be replenished automatically. When the water volume exceeds the set value, the electromagnetic valve 312 will be automatically closed to stop the water replenishment; The deionized water is pumped to the flow valve 311 to ensure that the pressure at the water inlet of the flow valve 311 is constant; the flow rate at the nozzle 111 is adjusted by the constant pressure water pump 627; whether there is deionized water circulation at the outlet of the water pump by the flow sensor 626; The electromagnetic valve 312 before the nozzle 111 controls the on-off of the water flow.

The sound pressure quality monitoring system 316 characterizes the effect of the laser shock treatment by monitoring the shock wave energy of the laser shock. During the blisk processing, the corresponding data is recorded for each shock processing to provide reference for the adjustment of the process parameters.

The processing process monitoring system 313 performs real-time monitoring and pre-control on the processing parameters of the laser shock, realizes real-time monitoring of the movement of the water delivery robot and the trajectory robot, real-time monitoring of the operation status of the laser 102, and realizes unmanned and remote monitoring in the workshop.

The optical path system 103 transmits the laser light to the designated position, and shapes it into a spot of required size and shape. At the same time, it can realize arbitrary switching between single-sided and double-sided processing, and arbitrary switching between circular spot and square spot.

As shown in Figure 1-5, the laser shock peening equipment for the overall blisk includes a laser 102 that can output laser beams, a trajectory robot 106 that drives the blisks to move along a specified trajectory relative to the laser beam, and a clamping nozzle to move the water along a specified trajectory. The water delivery robot system 104 sent to the processing area, the constrained layer water delivery system 101 that controls the amount of water and automatically starts and stops, the sound pressure quality monitoring system 316 that monitors the processing quality online in real time, the processing process monitoring system 313 that monitors and controls the normal operation of equipment, The laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped and transmitted to the optical path system 103 at the processing position. The laser light emitted by the laser 102 is guided to the surface of the workpiece through the optical path system 103 , and the light outlet hole of the laser 102 cooperates with the light inlet hole of the optical path system to ensure that the laser beam enters the optical path system 103 completely vertically. The water delivery system 101 sends water to the nozzle 111, and the water delivery robot 110 drives the nozzle 111 to spray water to the processing position of the workpiece 107. The process monitoring system 313 monitors and controls the operating state and mode of the system at all times, and the sound pressure quality monitoring system The 316 detects the processing quality of the workpiece and feeds it back to the industrial computer to adjust the process parameters to optimize the processing quality. The close cooperation of the above-mentioned subsystems and the cooperation of the software form the laser shock strengthening equipment to realize the laser shock strengthening treatment of the blisk and improve the fatigue life of the workpiece.

The laser function in the equipment used in the present invention is as follows:

The laser 102 that outputs the laser beam can output a guide light with a wavelength of 532nm, a diameter of 3mm, and a light intensity of 0.1-2mJ/cm ² for observing the position of the laser beam and the spot, and can output a wavelength of 1064nm at the same time. Pulse laser with pulse energy 25J, frequency 0-5Hz, pulse width 8-25nns, used for laser shock strengthening.

The coaxiality between the laser beam with a wavelength of 532nm and the laser beam with a wavelength of 1064nm output by the laser 102 is less than 0.5mrad.

The working mode of the laser 102 is a single dual-channel and can work in a single channel, that is, the laser has two light outlets A and B, and the A light outlet and the B light outlet can output laser light at the same time, or only output the laser light from the B light outlet. When A and B light holes are selected to emit light at the same time, A and B light holes can simultaneously output pulsed lasers with a maximum wavelength of 1064nm, a diameter of 27mm, a single pulse energy of 12.5J, a frequency of 0-5Hz, and a pulse width of 8-25nns. Output the guided light with a wavelength of 532nm, a diameter of 3mm, and a light intensity of 0.1-2mJ/cm ² ; when choosing to only output light from the B light hole, the B light hole can simultaneously output a maximum wavelength of 1064nm, a diameter of 27mm, and a single pulse energy of 25J. The pulsed laser with a frequency of 0-5Hz and a pulse width of 8-25nns can simultaneously output guided light with a wavelength of 532nm, a diameter of 3mm, and a light intensity of 0.1-2mJ/cm ² .

The distance between the centers of the two light exit holes A and B of the laser 102 is 231 mm, and the distance between the center of the light exit hole B and the left edge of the laser is 250 mm. A and B light holes are on the same horizontal plane, and the height from the ground is 895mm.

On the laser 102, the switching mode of light output from the A light hole and B light hole at the same time or only from the B light hole: the 45° total reflection mirror in front of the A light hole can be manually slid, or the 45° full reflection mirror in front of the A light hole can be driven by a numerical control sliding table. Mirrors cut in or out of the optical path to achieve.

The size of the laser 102 is 2400mm×1200mm×1300mm.

The robot that the present invention adopts comprises:

The trajectory robot 106 clamps the blisk 107 and moves relative to the laser beam along a specified trajectory. The trajectory robot 106 is a 6-DOF robot with a model of RX270, a maximum load of 250Kg, a reachable distance of 2900mm, a repeat positioning accuracy of ±0.09mm, and an IP65 protection level.

The water delivery robot 110 clamps the nozzle and sends water to the processing area along a designated trajectory. The water delivery robot 110 is a robot with 6 degrees of freedom, the model is TX40, the maximum load is 2Kg, the reachable distance is 500mm, the repeat positioning accuracy is ±0.02mm, and the protection level is IP65.

The structure and function of the water delivery system in the equipment used in the present invention are as follows:

As shown in FIG. 6 , the constrained layer water delivery system that controls the amount of water and automatically starts and stops sends deionized water to the nozzle 111 . Constrained layer water supply system consists of water source 615, water valve 616, water inlet pipe 617, water inlet solenoid valve 618, overflow port 619, overflow pipe 620, ball valve A621, sewage pipe 622, water level sensor 623, water storage tank 624, ball valve B625, The water flow sensor 626, the water pump 627, the flow valve 311, the electromagnetic valve 312, and the nozzle 111 are composed. The water valve 616 is connected to the water source 615 to realize the on-off of the water flow between the water source and the water inlet pipe 617, the water inlet solenoid valve 618 is installed between the water inlet pipe 617 and the water storage tank 624, and the overflow pipe 620 is installed at the overflow port 619 Above, the sewage pipe 622 is connected to the water storage tank 624 through the ball valve A621, and the water level sensor 623 is installed at the bottom of the water storage tank. The ball valve B625 is installed at the bottom of the water storage tank 624 and is connected with the water pump 627 through a water pipe. The water flow sensor 626 is installed at the outlet end of the water pump 627, and the water at the outlet of the water flow sensor 626 is led to the flow valve 311 with a water pipe, and the solenoid valve 312 controls the on-off of the water outlet of the flow valve 311, and the water pipe connects the solenoid valve 312 and the nozzle 111 stand up. Thereby, the water at the water source 615 is sent to the nozzle 111 . The water ejected from the nozzle 111 is collected by the water collecting tank 624, and sent to the water treatment plant together with the water from the overflow pipe 620 and the sewage pipe 622.

Through the mutual cooperation of the water inlet solenoid valve 617, the water level sensor 623 and the industrial computer, the water storage tank 624 is automatically replenished to ensure that the water in the water storage tank 624 is always kept at 30%-80% of the total capacity of the water storage tank 624. At the same time, because the overflow pipe 620 is installed, the water delivery system is safer and more reliable.

The flow rate in the nozzle 111 is controlled by the water inlet flow sensor 626, the constant pressure water pump 627, the flow valve 311, and the solenoid valve 312, and can be controlled in real time.

Through the constrained layer water delivery system, the water delivery robot 110 controls the size of the flow in the nozzle 111, the position and posture of the nozzle, so that the thickness of the water layer on the surface of the blisk in the processing area is 1-2mm, and it is uniform, stable and continuously adjustable.

Monitoring system structure and function are as follows in the equipment used in the present invention:

The sound pressure quality monitoring system 316 monitors the processing quality of laser shock peening in real time, and obtains processing effect data. The sound pressure quality monitoring system is a 3-channel acoustic emission sensor, which is connected to the data acquisition card of the industrial computer (host computer) by connecting the amplifier. The industrial computer is also inserted with a PCI-1780 timing counting card, and the ET-3000TIL laser detector is fixed on the laser at the light exit; the timing counting card ensures that the laser 102 and the sound pressure quality monitoring system 316 work under the same clock, when the laser 102 emits laser light, the laser detector detects the laser light, the detector sends a signal to the industrial computer, and the industrial computer is turned on The data acquisition card collects data, stores the signal obtained by the acoustic emission sensor, and the industrial computer analyzes the collected signal to judge whether the processing quality is good or bad.

The normal operation of the monitoring and control equipment includes: the camera of the process monitoring system 313 is connected to the host computer to monitor the processing of the overall blisk of the aero-engine; the temperature sensor installed inside the laser 102 is connected to the host computer to monitor whether the laser is Normal work; the position sensor and encoder installed at the joints of the water delivery robot 110 and the track robot 106 are connected to the host computer to monitor the positions of the track robot and the water delivery robot; the photoelectric sensor installed at the light outlet in the optical path system is connected to the host computer , used to monitor whether the optical path system is working normally; the pressure sensor (water level sensor) of the water delivery system 101 is connected to the host computer to monitor whether the water level in the water storage tank is normal, and the host computer controls the entire device in real time, and connects them through the data line. A whole.

The operating principle of the equipment used in the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Figure 24, the functions of the upper computer are mainly composed of robot motion planning, processing simulation, processing monitoring, processing quality monitoring, process database and system coordination control. Under the control of the upper computer, the water delivery system generates water flow and delivers To the nozzle, the water delivery robot system controls the size and on-off of the water flow, and drives the nozzle to move the water to the designated processing area of the blisk, forming a constraint layer at the designated position; the track robot drives the blisk mounted on the fixture to process according to the specified Path movement; the laser outputs laser light and transmits it to the optical path system, and the laser light from the optical path system irradiates the surface of the blisk processing area or the surface of the processing area through the laser head; the quality monitoring system and video/alarm in the monitoring system The monitoring system monitors the quality of laser shock peening of the blisk and the operating status of the system respectively. The coordinated cooperation of the above systems realizes the laser shock strengthening processing of the entire blisk, and improves the fatigue life and stress corrosion resistance of the blisk.

The optical system 103 shapes the laser beam emitted by the laser and transmits it to the processing position. The optical path system 103 includes a numerically controlled slide table, a numerically controlled turntable, a reflecting mirror, a focusing mirror, a homogenizing mirror, and a swing arm. The laser beam output from the laser 102 enters the optical path system 103, and can output a square light spot or a circular light spot from the optical path system. Among them, the light path for outputting a square light spot is composed of 2 sets, and the structure is relatively symmetrical, and the light path for outputting a circular light spot has 2 sets. It is composed of sets and is structurally symmetrical. The 4 sets of light paths can be switched to one set of light paths at will according to the processing needs, and can also be switched to two sets of light paths with symmetrical output square spot to work at the same time.

When the A and B light outlets of the laser 102 are selected to emit light at the same time, the A and B light outlets output simultaneously a wavelength of 1064nm, a diameter of 27mm, a single pulse energy of 0-12.5J, a frequency of 0-5Hz, and a pulse width of 8-25nns Pulse laser, the output wavelength is 532nm, the diameter is 3mm, and the light intensity is 0.1-2mJ/cm ² guide light. When two sets of symmetrical output square spot light paths are selected to work at the same time, it can form a side length of about 2- on the surface of the workpiece. 4mm square spot.

When the laser 102 is selected to only emit light from the light exit hole B, the light exit hole B outputs a pulsed laser with a wavelength of 1064nm, a diameter of 27mm, a single pulse energy of 0-25J, a frequency of 0-5Hz, and a pulse width of 8-25nns. The output wavelength is 532nm , Guide light with a diameter of 3mm and a light intensity of 0.1-2mJ/cm ² , choose 2 sets of symmetrical light paths that output square light spots. When any set of light paths works, a square light spot with a side length of about 2-4mm can be formed on the surface of the workpiece. .

When the laser 102 is selected to only emit light from the light exit hole B, the light exit hole B outputs a pulsed laser with a wavelength of 1064nm, a diameter of 27mm, a single pulse energy of 0-25J, a frequency of 0-5Hz, and a pulse width of 8-25nns. The output wavelength is 532nm , Guided light with a diameter of 3mm and a light intensity of 0.1-2mJ/cm ² , choose 2 sets of symmetrical light paths that output a circular spot. When any set of light paths works, a circle with a diameter of about 2-4mm can be formed on the surface of the workpiece. spot.

The laser shock peening equipment can be added to the overall blisk or structural parts of superalloy, steel, aluminum alloy and other materials with a size of <1000mm×1000mm×400Tm and a weight of <250Kg.

The software system of laser shock peening equipment includes robot trajectory planning module, processing process simulation module, processing process monitoring module, processing quality monitoring module, process database management module, and system integration module to ensure the optimal, safest and most reliable processing path.

The process of using this equipment to process workpieces is:

When in use, at first the blisk 107 is installed on the clamp 108; then the clamp 108 is installed on the flange of the track robot 106 end; Laser energy; then, choose any set of optical paths or two sets of optical paths that output a square spot to be in working condition; then, the trajectory robot enters the processing position with the whole blisk; then, the water delivery robot 110 enters the processing position with the nozzle 111; then Turn on the water delivery system 101 to form a layer of uniform, stable deionized water with a thickness of 1-2mm on the surface of the blisk processing area; then, turn on the laser 102; finally, the trajectory robot 106 and the water delivery robot 110 move according to the pre-established trajectory , to realize the laser shock strengthening of the whole blisk of the aero-engine.

The structure of the fixture is as follows:

As shown in Figure 8-18, the fixture includes a special-shaped nut 1, a connecting flange 3, a cone support 5, an equal cone 6, an opening expansion ring 7, a rubber pad 9, a gland 10, a flat pad 11, and a tie rod 12 , circumferential positioning device and screw 2, wherein the circumferential positioning device comprises a pin 13, a connecting plate 14 and a tapered pin 15, and the pin 13 and the tapered pin 15 are respectively installed in the pin holes at the two ends of the connecting plate, and the pin 13 and the tapered pin An interference fit is adopted between the pin 15 and the connecting plate 14, which not only ensures that the pin 13, the tapered pin 15 and the connecting plate 14 are always integrated during the disassembly and assembly of the blisk 8, but also ensures reliable positioning. The special-shaped nut 1 is installed on one end of the connecting flange 3 through the screw 2, and the end face of one end of the cone support member 5 is positioned and installed on the other end of the connecting flange 3 through the screw 4 and the pin. The equally divided cone 6 is set on the outside of the other end of the cone support 5, and the lower end of the equally divided cone 6 is evenly distributed with a plurality of gaps along the circumferential direction. elastic. The opening expansion ring 7 is set on the outside of the bisecting cone 6 , the blisk 8 is set on the outside of the opening expansion ring 7 , and the end surface of the blisk 8 on the exhaust side matches the end surface of one end of the cone support 5 . The rubber pad 9 is fixed on the gland 10 by screws to ensure that the blisk 8 is not scratched during the tightening process. The gland 10 is arranged on the upper end of the bisecting cone 6 . Rotate blisk 8, insert conical pin 15 and pin 13 into pin holes of blisk 8 and cone support 5 respectively; 10 evenly stressed. The tie rod 12 passes through the flat pad 11, the gland 10, the cone support 5 and the connecting flange 3 and is threadedly connected with the special-shaped nut 1 . In the process of tightening the tie rod 12, the open expansion ring 7 is continuously expanded outwards, realizing axial and radial positioning of the blisk 8, tightening and fixing. The connecting flange 3 is connected and positioned with the robot flange through screws and positioning pins.

The taper of the conical surface matched by the cone support 5 and the equalized cone 6 is 7:24, and the equalized cone 6 is 4.5mm longer than the axial length of the cone support 5. After tightening, the lower part of the equalized cone 6 There is always a gap between the end face and the end face of one end of the cone support 5, and there is always a gap between the other end of the cone support 5 and the gland 10, so as to ensure reliable tightening of the matched conical surface and blisk 8.

The expansion ring 7 is made of copper material, and the cone support 5 and the tapered pin 15 are made of hard aluminum alloy, so as to ensure that the blisk 8 is not scratched. The connecting flange 3 is made of stainless steel to ensure the rigidity of the overall fixture.

The method of use of the fixture used is:

When in use, first, install the special-shaped nut 1 on the connecting flange 3 through the screw 2, the connecting flange 3 and the cone support 5 are installed together through the pin and the screw 4, and the rubber pad 9 and the gland 10 are installed on the connecting flange 3 through the screw. Together, the pin 13 and the tapered pin 15 are installed together with the connecting plate 14; then, the connecting flange 3 is installed together with the robot flange through screws and positioning pins; then, the equalizing cone 6 is set on the cone The outer side of the support member 5; then, the opening expansion ring 7 is set on the outside of the bisected cone 6; then, the blisk 8 is set on the outside of the opening expansion ring 7, and the exhaust end surface of the blisk 8 is supported by the cone The end face of the part 5 is attached to realize the positioning of the end face; then, the blisk 8 is rotated, and the pin 13 and the pin 15 are respectively installed in the positioning hole of the blisk 8 and the positioning hole of the cone support part 5 to realize the circumferential direction of the blisk 8. Positioning; then, put the flat pad 11 on the pull rod 12, and on the optical axis near the end of the nut; then, screw the pull rod 12 into the special-shaped nut 1 through threads; finally, constantly tighten the pull rod 12, at this time, press The cover 10 is constantly moving towards the blisk 8, the contact area between the cone support 5 and the bisected cone 6 is getting bigger and bigger, and the opening expansion ring 7 is constantly driven to expand outward, and the blisk 8 is expanded to realize the positioning of the axis, and at the same time , the gland 10 is continuously pressed against the end surface of the blisk 8 through the rubber pad 9 to realize tightening.

When the blisk 8 is disassembled after the processing is completed, the pull rod 12 is unscrewed, the flat pad 11 is removed, the pin 13, the connecting plate 14 and the conical pin 15 connected together are removed, and the gland 10 is removed, and the blisk can be taken off 8.

The clamp used clamps and positions the blisk through the pull rod. The clamping and positioning process is fast and simple, and the disassembly and assembly of the blisk takes less than 2 minutes; it can realize the loading of the whole blisk with a maximum weight of about 100kg; it adopts pin shafts, end faces and expansion cores The positioning method has high repetitive positioning accuracy and reliable positioning; the clamping positioning is reliable, which greatly improves the quality and production efficiency of the blisk laser shock peening; it has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, convenient use, and low cost. At the same time of production efficiency, the uniformity and stability of the impact strengthening quality are guaranteed; the parts in contact with the blisks are made of rubber pads, copper and aluminum alloy materials, and the main body of the fixture is made of stainless steel to ensure no scratches on the blisks. Does not rust under working conditions immersed in water.

The structure of the laser head is as follows:

The structure of the laser head for laser shock strengthening of the shielded part of the overall blisk according to the present invention is shown in Figures 19-23. Reflector 914 and small reflector mirror base 917; wherein: CNC turntable 905 and large focusing mirror 511 are installed on the optical table 515 by screws and mirror frame respectively, and one end of swing arm 906 is fixedly installed on the CNC turntable 905, manually or The automatic mode can make swing arm 906 enter working position and leave work position; Inlaid in the groove of the small mirror base 917, the end side of the laser head end 907 is provided with a light outlet 918, and the small focusing mirror 912 is fixed at the light outlet 918 of the laser head end 907; the small mirror base 917 is connected to the light outlet The position of the port 918 is such that the angle between the incident light irradiated on the small reflector 914 and the reflected light reflected by the small reflector 914 is 30-34°.

The swing arm 906 is composed of a connection plate 910, a connection pipe 909 and a light guide pipe 908; wherein: the connection plate 910 and the numerical control turntable 905 are fixed by screws, and the connection plate 910 and the numerical control turntable 905 are placed with a layer of rubber pad Ensure that the swing arm is horizontal; the connecting plate 910 and the connecting pipe 909 are positioned through the shoulder and fixed by the locking screw; the light guide tube 908 and the connecting pipe 909 are positioned through the shoulder and fixed by the locking screw; the light guide Before the tube 908 is connected with the connecting tube 909, the light guide tube 908 can be rotated in the connecting tube 909 in advance to adjust the direction of the output laser from the end 907 of the laser head. In the present invention, the rotation of the light guide tube 908 is used to ensure the laser level at the light outlet. Direction output, and then tighten the screws to fix and prevent rotation.

The light pipe 908 of the swing arm 906 and the end 907 of the laser head are positioned by a shoulder, and fastened by a locking screw A916.

A counterweight 911 is installed on the CNC turntable 905 through screws to balance the weight of the swing arm 906 and ensure the normal operation of the CNC turntable 905. At the same time, in order to reduce the weight of the swing arm 906, the swing arm 906, the laser head end 907 and the small reflection The mirror base 917 is made of aluminum alloy, and the counterweight 911 is made of stainless steel to prevent rust in humid air while ensuring the weight. The numerical control turntable (905) is coaxially connected with the motor, the motor is controlled by the upper computer (112), and the encoder of the motor is connected with the upper computer (112).

The small reflector mirror seat 917 is fixed on the tail of the laser head end 907 by the flat head screw 915 of M3; wherein: the small reflector mirror seat 917 is designed with a countersunk hole structure; 1. Apply a layer of UV-curable adhesive to the joint surface of the small mirror base 917 and the tail of the laser head end 907. After tightening the screws, put it in a UV-curing box to cure for 30 seconds, and seal the joint surface to prevent laser shock from strengthening the processing process. During this process, water enters the laser head and damages the lens.

A small reflector 914 with a size of 10mm×9mm×2mm is embedded in a groove with a size of 10mm×9mm×2mm on the mirror base 917 of the small reflector. Among them, the small mirror: coated with highly reflective film, the reflective film R>99.81064nm, the damage threshold is pulse 25J/cm ² , 10ns, 2Hz; the incident angle is α=16±2°, the wavelength of 532nm and 1064nm laser on it The reflectivity can reach more than 99.5%.

The small focusing lens 912 is fixed at the light outlet 918 of the end 907 of the laser head through the locking screw B913, and is positioned by means of shoulder positioning; wherein: before tightening the locking screw B913, at the thread of the locking screw B913, the edge of the small focusing lens 912 Coat a layer of UV curing glue on the joint surface with the light outlet 918 of the end 907 of the laser head, tighten the locking screw B913, put it in a UV curing box to cure for 30s, and seal the joint surface to prevent laser impact strengthening during processing. Water enters the laser head and damages the lens; the lens damage threshold of the small focusing lens 912: pulse 25J/cm ² , 10ns, 2Hz, and the transmittance of lasers with wavelengths of 532nm and 1064nm on it can reach more than 99.5%.

The large focusing lens 511 is fixed on the optical platform 515 through the lens frame. Wherein: the mounting and adjusting mechanism of the spectacle frame used to fix the large focusing lens 511 on the optical platform 515 adopts a 4-dimensional adjustment mechanism with a locking function, which can realize horizontal movement in two directions and rotation in two directions, thereby The laser beam can be adjusted to pass through the center of the large focusing lens vertically; the lens damage threshold of the large focusing lens 511: pulse 25J/cm ² , 10ns, 2Hz, and the transmittance of the wavelength 532nm and 1064nm laser on it can reach 99.5% above.

The small focusing lens 912 has a diameter of 10 mm, a focal length of 10 mm, and a thickness of 7 mm.

The large focusing lens 511 has a diameter of 50 mm, a focal length of 1300 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm.

The swing arm 906 is installed on the CNC turntable 905, and the CNC turntable is controlled to rotate within 90° through automatic control or manual mode, and the laser head can cut into and leave the working position.

The size of the end portion of the laser head end 907 is 23×21×19mm, which ensures that it can move freely between the blades without colliding with the blades.

When a laser beam with a beam diameter of <27mm, a wavelength of 1064nm, a divergence angle of <3mrad, a pulse width of 8-25ns, and a frequency of 0-5Hz enters the laser head, a flat top with a diameter of about 3mm is formed at a distance of 2mm from the laser head exit hole. Distributed circular spots.

When the above-mentioned laser head is in use, firstly, the CNC turntable 905 is rotated to work through automatic control or manual control, and the swing arm 906 and the end 907 of the laser head are put into the working position, that is, the laser head enters the working position. When a laser beam with a beam diameter of <27mm, a wavelength of 1064nm, and a divergence angle of <3mrad is perpendicularly incident on a large focusing lens with a diameter of 50mm and a focal length of 1300mm, the large focusing lens will focus the beam to a size of 10mm×9mm×2mm On the small mirror, through the reflection of the small mirror, the laser beam enters a small focusing mirror with a diameter of 10mm and a focal length of 10mm, and the beam is focused on the surface of the blade through the small focusing mirror. The distance between the blade and the outer surface of the lens is 2mm. A circular light spot with a diameter of about 3 mm and a flat top distribution is formed on the surface. In this way, the laser shock impact strengthening of the shielded part of the overall blisk is realized.

The above-mentioned laser head can carry out laser shock strengthening on the shielded part of the overall blisk of the aeroengine, which solves the problem that the shielded part of the overall blisk of the aeroengine cannot be processed; the structure is compact, safe and reliable, and the processing position is easy to adjust; the output laser beam is uniform, ensuring Uniform and reliable processing quality; easy to use, high processing efficiency.

The structure of the overall optical path system of the equipment used is as follows:

As shown in Figure 25-29, the single/double-sided laser shock strengthening optical path system of the overall blisk includes: the optical path 1 and optical path 2 switching slide 501 installed on the optical platform 515, the optical path 3 and optical path 4 switching slide 514 and the light output Sliding table 517; CNC sliding table 521 installed inside the laser 102 for optical path switching; optical path three turntable 509 and optical path one turntable 506 installed on optical platform 515; optical path three and optical path four corrections installed on optical platform 515 Inspection slide table 526 and optical path one and optical path two inspection slide table 531; optical path two reflector 502, optical path four reflector 512, reflector A516 and reflector B523 installed on optical platform 515; Optical path one focusing mirror 505, optical path three focusing mirrors 511, optical path two focusing mirrors 525 and optical path four focusing mirrors 532, optical path two uniform light lenses 524 and optical path four uniform light lenses 533 installed on the optical platform 515, the optical path two focusing mirrors Mirror 525 and optical path two uniform light lens 524 form optical path two uniform light focusing lens group 504, and described optical path four focusing mirrors 532 and optical path four uniform light lens 533 form optical path four uniform light focusing lens group 510; respectively installed on optical path one turntable 506 And the optical path one swing arm 528 and the optical path three swing arms 529 on the optical path three turntables 509; the optical path one small reflector 507 and the optical path three small reflectors 508 installed on the optical path one swing arm 528 end and the optical path three swing arm 529 end respectively; The optical path one reflector 503 and the optical path three reflector 513 respectively installed on the optical path one and optical path two switching slide table 501 and the optical path three and optical path four switching slide table 514; Mirror D522; mirror E520 installed on the CNC slide 521; beam combining mirror 537 installed inside the laser 102; respectively installed on the calibration slide 526 of optical path 3 and optical path 4 and the calibration slide 531 of optical path 1 and optical path 2 The calibration energy meter 527 of optical path three and optical path four and the calibration energy meter 530 of optical path one and optical path two; the protective plate 534, protective cover 535 and light guide pipe A903 installed on the optical platform 515. The motor of the CNC sliding table is controlled by the host computer.

The protective plate 534 is used to prevent the water in the process from splashing onto the calibration energy meter 527 of the third optical path and the fourth optical path, the calibration energy meter 530 of the first optical path and the second optical path, the calibration slide table 526 of the third optical path and the fourth optical path Optical path 1 and optical path 2 are on the calibration slide 531; the protective cover 535 and light pipe A903 are used to prevent the dust in the workshop from polluting the optical lenses in the optical path system.

The reflector E520 can slide on the CNC slide table 521 under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; the laser is provided with light outlet A and light outlet B; When in the front, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E520 to the beam combiner 537, and then the laser and laser beam B reflected by the beam combiner 537 are both output from the light exit hole B; when the reflector E520 is between the light exit A and the light exit When the positions between B, the laser beam A and the laser beam B are respectively output from the light outlet A and the light outlet B.

The reflector C518 and the reflector D522 can slide on the light outlet sliding table 517 at the same time under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; When the reflector D522 is directly behind the light exit hole A and light exit hole B, the laser output from the light exit hole A can be reflected by the reflection mirror C518 to the reflector A516 on the left of the mirror C518, and the laser output from the light exit hole B The reflection of the laser light by the mirror D522 can be reflected to the mirror B523 on the right side of the mirror D522; when only the light exit hole B emits light, when the mirror C518 and the mirror D522 are at the rear of the light exit hole A and the light exit hole B respectively, The laser output from the light exit hole B can be reflected by the reflection mirror D522 to the mirror B523 on the right side of the mirror D522; when only the light exit hole B emits light, when only the mirror C518 is behind the light exit hole B, the light exit hole B The output laser can be reflected to the mirror A516 on the left of the mirror C518 after being reflected by the mirror C518.

The optical path one reflector 503 can slide on the optical path one and optical path two switching slide table 501 under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; when the laser beam is reflected on the reflector B523, the optical path one When reflector 3 was just behind reflector B523 reflection optical path, reflector B523 reflected laser light through optical path-reflector 503 and was reflected on optical path 501 focusing mirror 505 on the left side of optical path-reflector 503; when reflector B523 has When the laser beam is reflected, when the first optical path reflector 503 is not directly behind the reflective optical path of the reflector B523, the laser light reflected by the reflector B523 is reflected by the second optical path reflector 502 to the left of the second optical path reflector 502. On the mirror group 504.

The three mirrors 513 of the optical path can slide on the switching slide table 514 between the third optical path and the fourth optical path under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; When the reflector 513 was right behind the reflected light path of the reflector A516, the laser light reflected by the reflector A516 was reflected by the three reflectors 513 on the optical path three focus mirrors 511 on the right side of the three reflectors 513; When the laser beam is reflected, when the three-reflector 513 of the optical path is not directly behind the reflected light path of the reflector A516, the laser reflected by the reflector A516 is reflected by the four-reflector 512 of the optical path to the four-uniform optical path on the right side of the four-reflector 512. The light is focused on the lens group 510 .

The optical path-swing arm 528 can rotate around the axis of the optical path-turntable 506 under the drive of the servo motor or manually rotate the knob next to the servo motor; when the optical path-focusing mirror 505 has laser output, the optical path-swing arm 528 swings to When the small optical path mirror 507 is just on the left side of the output optical path of the optical path-focusing mirror 505, the optical path small mirror 507 will reflect the laser light output by the optical path-focusing mirror 505 to the surface of the workpiece to form a light beam with a diameter of 2-5mm. Strong and uniform circular light spot; when the optical path one is not required to work, the optical path one swing arm 528 rotates clockwise to the optical platform.

The three optical path swing arms 529 can rotate around the axis of the optical path three turntable 509 under the drive of the servo motor or manually rotate the knob next to the servo motor; when the optical path three focusing mirrors 511 have laser output, the optical path three swing arms 529 swing to When the three small reflectors 508 of the optical path are just on the right side of the output light path of the three focus mirrors 511, the three small reflectors 508 will reflect the laser output from the three focus mirrors 511 to the surface of the workpiece to form a light beam with a diameter of 2-5mm. Strong and uniform circular light spot; when the optical path three is not required to work, the optical path three swing arm 529 rotates counterclockwise to the optical platform.

When the laser beam is input to the second optical path focusing mirror group 504, the laser output from the second optical path focusing mirror 525 is irradiated onto the surface of the workpiece to form a square spot with a side length of 2-5 mm and uniform light intensity.

When a laser beam is input to the four-uniform focusing mirror group 510 in the optical path, the laser output from the four-focusing mirror 532 is irradiated onto the surface of the workpiece to form a square spot with a side length of 2-5 mm and uniform light intensity.

The optical path one and optical path two calibration energy meter 530 can slide on the optical path one and optical path two calibration slide table 531 under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; the optical path one swing arm 528 and the optical path three The swing arms 529 are all in a non-working state. When verifying the integrity of the first optical path, the calibration energy meter 530 of the first optical path and the second optical path moves to the direct rear of the focusing mirror 505 of the first optical path, selects to output laser light from the first optical path, and measures the first optical path. The output energy is compared with the energy output by the laser; when verifying the integrity of the optical path two, the optical path one and optical path two calibration energy meter 530 moves to the direct rear of the optical path two focusing mirror 525, and selects to output the laser from the optical path two, Measure the energy output by the second optical path and compare it with the energy output by the laser; when performing impact strengthening processing on the workpiece, the calibration energy meter 530 of the first optical path and the second optical path moves to a place where the optical path is not blocked.

The optical path three and optical path four calibration energy meter 527 can slide on the optical path three and optical path four calibration slide table 526 under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; the optical path one swing arm 528 and the optical path three The swing arms 529 are all in the non-working state. When verifying the integrity of the optical path three, the calibration energy meter 502 of the optical path three and the optical path four moves to the right behind the focusing mirror 511 of the optical path three, and selects the output laser from the optical path three, and measures the optical path three The output energy is compared with the energy output by the laser; when verifying the integrity of optical path four, the calibration energy meter 527 of optical path three and optical path four moves to the direct rear of the focusing mirror 532 of optical path four, and selects to output laser light from optical path four, Measure the energy output by the fourth optical path, and compare it with the energy output by the laser; when performing impact strengthening processing on the workpiece, the calibration energy meter 527 of the first optical path and the second optical path moves to a place where the optical path is not blocked.

When the light is only emitted from the light outlet B, when the input wavelength is 1064nm, the single pulse energy is 3-20J, the pulse width is 8-25ns, the beam diameter is <27mm, and the divergence angle is <3mrad, the optical path one 415 or the optical path three 409 can output a circular spot with uniform light intensity with a laser spot diameter of 2-5mm; When the diameter is less than 27mm and the divergence angle is less than 3mrad, the second optical path 414 or the fourth optical path 410 can output the laser spot as a square spot with a side length of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity.

When the light output port A and the light output port B emit light at the same time, when the input wavelength is 1064nm, the single pulse energy is 3-20J, the pulse width is 8-25ns, the beam diameter is <27mm, and the divergence angle is <3mrad, the optical path one 415 And optical path 3 409 can output a circular spot with uniform light intensity with a laser spot diameter of 2-5mm; When the laser beam is 8-25ns, beam diameter<27mm, and divergence angle<3mrad, the optical path 2 414 and optical path 4 410 can output the laser spot as a square spot with a side length of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity.

When the input wavelength is 1064nm, the single pulse energy is 3-20J, the pulse width is 8-25ns, the beam diameter is <27mm, and the divergence angle is <3mrad, the energy loss of optical path 1 and optical path 3 is <6%; when the input wavelength When the laser beam is 1064nm, the single pulse energy is 3-20J, the pulse width is 8-25ns, the beam diameter is <27mm, and the divergence angle is <3mrad, the energy loss of the second and fourth optical paths is less than 10%.

The structure of the optical path system of the present invention is simple, and in use, while improving the production efficiency, it ensures the uniformity and stability of the laser shock peening quality; the designed four sets of optical paths can be arbitrarily selected according to the needs of one or two sets of optical paths The work can be adapted to the processing of workpieces with various structural shapes; the square spot provided is especially suitable for processing workpieces with simple structures such as planes. While facilitating path planning, it can ensure uniform and stable processing quality and high efficiency; the provided circle The shape spot is especially suitable for the processing area with complex processing structure and blocked by other parts of the workpiece, so that the difficult-to-process and unprocessable areas can be processed; the optical path verification provided can quickly and effectively check the integrity of the optical path, and can quickly Whether the diagnostic optical path system is running normally; the provided protective plate, protective cover, and light pipe can effectively prevent water and dust from polluting the energy meter and lens, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

The method of using the above-mentioned equipment to carry out laser shock strengthening on the overall blisk of the aero-engine is as follows: firstly, the overall blisk is installed on the flange plate at the end of the track robot through the fixture, and then the optical path system is set to work in the optical path three 409, Light path one 415 work, light path four 410 work, light path two 414 work, light path four 410 work and light path two 414 work, successively respectively to the blade rear edge region 403 of the whole leaf disk blade, the leaf basin front edge region 406, the leaf basin trailing edge Region 404, dorsal leading edge region 401, blade pot tip region 405 and blade dorsal tip region 402 are laser shock peened. The specific steps of the method are as follows:

(1) Loading and attaching the absorbent layer: at the loading position (the loading position refers to the position where the blisk is installed on the trajectory robot and the position where the blisk is pasted and removed in the processing area) the blisk 107 is installed on the On the flange plate at the end of the trajectory robot 106, a black adhesive tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm is pasted on the leaf back edge region 403 as an absorbing layer;

(2) Enter the processing preparation point P ₀ and switch to optical path 3 409: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path system 103 switches to optical path 3 409 to work;

(3) Enter the focus processing position at the back edge 403 of the leaf: the track robot 106 moves to the focus processing position at the back edge 403 of the leaf with the leaf disk 107. This is due to the complex structure of the swing arm of the focus optical path, and the laser head is gradually entered between the leaves. Arrive at the focus processing position of the back edge 403 of the leaf;

(4) Focused processing of the blade back edge 403: starting from the root of the blade back edge 403 and proceeding point by point to the blade tip according to the predetermined trajectory, after one blade is processed, it will automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed ;

(5) Return to the processing preparation point P ₀ and the optical path 3 409 to return to the original position: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path 3 409 of the optical path system 103 returns to the original position;

(6) The trajectory robot returns to the upper material position to paste the absorbent layer: move the trajectory robot 106 to the upper material position, wipe off the remaining black tape in the area 403 on the back edge of the leaf with an acetone cotton ball, and paste it on the front edge area 406 of the leaf basin Black adhesive tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm is used as the absorbing layer;

(7) Enter the processing preparation point P ₀ and switch to optical path 1 415: the track robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path system 103 switches to optical path 1 415 to work;

(8) Enter the focus processing position at the front edge 406 of the leaf pot: the track robot 106 moves to the focus processing position at the front edge 406 of the leaf pot with the leaf disc 107. This is due to the complex structure of the swing arm of the focusing optical path, and the laser head is gradually entered between the blades. to reach the focus processing position at the front edge 406 of the leaf basin;

(9) Focused processing of the leading edge 406 of the leaf basin: starting from the root of the leading edge 406 of the leaf basin, it is processed point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the direction of the blade tip. After processing one blade, it automatically switches to the next blade for processing until the processing until completion;

(10) Return to the processing preparation point P ₀ and the optical path one 415 back to the original position: the track robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path one 415 of the optical path system 103 returns to the original position;

(11) Return the trajectory robot to the upper material position to paste the absorbent layer: move the trajectory robot 106 to the upper material position, wipe off the remaining black tape on the front edge 406 of the leaf basin with acetone cotton ball, and paste it on the rear edge area 404 of the leaf basin Black adhesive tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm is used as the absorbing layer;

(12) Enter the processing preparation point P ₀ and switch to the optical path 4 410 : the track robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107 , and the optical path system 103 switches to the optical path 4 410 to work;

(13) Enter the uniform light processing position 404 at the rear edge of the leaf pot: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the uniform light processing position 404 at the rear edge of the leaf pot with the leaf disk 107;

(14) Evening processing of the trailing edge 404 of the leaf pot: starting from the root of the trailing edge 404 of the leaf pot, it is processed point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the direction of the tip. After processing one blade, it automatically switches to the next blade for processing until until the processing is completed;

(15) Return to the processing preparation point P ₀ and the optical path 410 back to the original position: the track robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path 4 410 of the optical system 103 returns to the original position;

(16) The trajectory robot returns to the upper material position to paste the absorbent layer: move the trajectory robot 106 to the upper material position, wipe off the remaining black tape at the rear edge 404 of the leaf pot with an acetone cotton ball, and paste it on the front edge area 401 of the leaf back Black adhesive tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm is used as the absorbing layer;

(17) Enter the processing preparation point P ₀ and switch to the second optical path 414: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path system 103 switches to the second optical path 414 to work;

(18) Enter the dorsal leading edge 401 homogenization processing position: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the blade dorsal leading edge 401 dodging processing position with the blade disc 107;

(19) Evening processing of the leading edge 401 of the blade back: starting from the blade root of the blade back leading edge 401, processing point by point toward the blade tip according to the predetermined trajectory, after processing one blade, automatically switching to the next blade for processing, until until the processing is completed;

(20) Return to the processing preparation point P ₀ and the optical path 2 414 back to the original position: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107 , and the optical path 2 414 of the optical path system 103 returns to the original position;

(21) The trajectory robot returns to the upper material position to paste the absorbing layer: move the trajectory robot 106 to the upper material position, wipe off the remaining black tape on the front edge 401 of the leaf back with an acetone cotton ball, and paste it on the blade tip area 405 of the leaf basin Black adhesive tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm is used as the absorbing layer;

(22) Enter processing preparation point P ₀ and switch to optical path 4 410 : track robot 106 moves to processing preparation point P ₀ with blisk 107 , and optical path system 103 switches to optical path 4 410 to work;

(23) Enter the uniform light processing position of the blade tip 405 of the leaf basin: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the uniform light processing position of the blade tip 405 of the leaf basin with the leaf disk 107;

(24) Homogenizing processing of the blade tip 405 of the leaf basin: starting from the root of the blade tip 405 of the leaf basin, processing point by point to the direction of the tip according to the predetermined trajectory. After processing one blade, automatically switch to the next blade for processing until until the processing is completed;

(25) Return to the processing preparation point P ₀ and the optical path four 410 back to the original position: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path four 410 of the optical path system 103 returns to the original position;

(26) Return the trajectory robot to the upper material position to paste the absorbing layer: move the trajectory robot 106 to the upper material position, wipe off the remaining black tape on the blade tip 405 of the leaf basin with acetone cotton ball, and paste it on the blade tip area 402 on the back of the leaf Black adhesive tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm is used as the absorbing layer;

(27) Enter the processing preparation point P ₀ and switch to the second optical path 414: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path system 103 switches to the second optical path 414 to work;

(28) Enter the uniform light processing position of the blade back and tip 402: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the uniform light processing position of the blade back and tip 402 with the blade disc 107;

(29) Homogenizing processing of blade back and tip 402: starting from the root of the blade back and tip 402, processing point by point to the direction of the blade tip according to the predetermined track, after processing one blade, automatically switch to the next blade for processing, until until the processing is completed;

(30) Return to the processing preparation point P ₀ and the optical path 2 414 back to the original position: the trajectory robot 106 moves to the processing preparation point P ₀ with the blisk 107, and the optical path 2 414 of the optical path system 103 returns to the original position;

(31) The trajectory robot returns to the loading position for unloading: move the trajectory robot 106 to the loading position, wipe off the remaining black tape on the back and blade tip 402 with an acetone cotton ball, remove the blisk 107, and complete the processing.

Clean and dedust the blisk before installing it on the track robot: first clean it with acetone to remove the oil on the surface, then put it in the air shower for 5 minutes to remove the dust on the surface of the blisk 107 .

The processing preparation point P ₀ refers to the workpiece processing position where the blisk is located in the optical path system.

The focus processing position refers to that the laser head is between adjacent blades.

The initial position of the optical path system 103 is in the working state of the second optical path 414 by default, and the returning to the original position refers to returning to the initial position.

The switching of the optical path system 103 to the optical path three 409 means: when the optical path one swing arm 528 is not in the working position, when the reflector E520 is directly in front of the light outlet of A, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E520 to reach the The beam mirror 537, the laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror 537 and the laser beam B are both output from the light exit hole B. At the same time, when the mirror C518 is behind the light exit hole B, the laser output from the light exit hole B passes through the mirror C518. The reflection can be reflected on the reflector A516 on the left side of the reflector C518, and when the three reflectors 513 of the optical path are just behind the reflective light path of the reflector A516, the laser light reflected by the reflector A516 is reflected to the third by the three reflectors 513 of the optical path. On the focusing mirror 511, when the three optical path swing arms 529 swing until the three optical path three small reflectors 508 are just on the right side of the output light path of the optical path three focus mirrors 511, the optical path three small reflectors 508 will reflect the laser light output by the optical path three focus mirrors 511. to the surface of the workpiece to form a circular light spot with a diameter of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity, and to process the blade rear edge area 403 of the aeroengine blade disk;

The switching of the optical path system 103 to the optical path one 415 means: when the three swing arms 529 of the optical path are not in the working position, and when the reflector E520 is directly in front of the light outlet A, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E520 to reach Beam mirror 537, and then the laser beam and laser beam B reflected by beam combining mirror 537 are output from light exit hole B. The laser output from hole B is reflected by the mirror D522 to the mirror B523 on the right side of the mirror D522. At the same time, when the mirror 503 of the optical path is directly behind the reflection optical path of the mirror B523, the laser reflected by the mirror B523 passes through Optical path one reflective mirror 503 is reflected on the optical path one focusing mirror 505, and when the optical path one swing arm 528 swings to the optical path one small reflecting mirror 507 just in time when the optical path one focusing mirror 505 output light path is on the left side, the optical path one small reflecting mirror 507 Reflect the laser light output by the optical path-focusing mirror 505 to the surface of the workpiece to form a circular spot with a diameter of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity, and process the front edge area 406 of the blade basin of the aeroengine blade;

The switching of the optical path system 103 to the operation of the optical path four 410 refers to: when the first optical path swing arm 528 and the third optical path swing arm 529 are not in the working position, when the reflector E520 is directly in front of the light outlet of A, the laser beam A passes through Reflected by the reflector E520, it reaches the beam combining mirror 537, and then the laser beam B and the laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror 537 are both output from the light exit hole B. The laser beam reflected by mirror C518 can be reflected to mirror A516 on the left side of mirror C518. At the same time, when mirror 513 of the optical path three is not directly behind the optical path reflected by mirror A516, the laser reflected by mirror A516 passes through optical path four The reflector 512 is reflected onto the optical path four-uniform light focusing mirror group 510 to form a square light spot with a side length of 2-5 mm and uniform light intensity, and process the blade basin trailing edge region 404 and the blade basin blade tip region 405 of the blade disk of the aeroengine;

The switching of the optical path system 103 to the second optical path 414 refers to: when the first optical path swing arm 528 and the third optical path swing arm 529 are not in the working position, when the reflector E520 is in front of the light outlet A, the laser beam A passes through Reflecting mirror E520 reflects to beam combining mirror 537, and then the laser beam and laser beam B reflected by beam combining mirror 537 are both output from light exit hole B. At the rear of B, the laser output from the light exit hole of B is reflected by the mirror D522 to the mirror B523 on the right side of the mirror D522. The laser light reflected by the reflector B523 is reflected by the second reflector 502 of the optical path to the second homogeneous light focusing lens group 504 of the optical path, forming a square spot with a side length of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity, and processing the front edge area 401 of the blade back of the aeroengine blade disc and blade back tip region 402 .

Before carrying out laser shock strengthening on the whole blisk, check the optical path three 409, the fourth optical path 410, the second optical path 414 and the optical path one 415 of the optical path system to ensure that they can work normally. The specific verification process is as follows:

(1) When the reflector E520 is in front of the light exit of A, the laser beam is reflected by the reflector E520, and the laser beam will be output from the light exit of B. At the same time, when the reflector C518 and the reflector D522 are respectively in the light exit When the light exit hole B is behind, the laser output from the light exit hole B is reflected by the reflection mirror D522 to the reflection mirror B523 on the right side of the reflection mirror D522. , the laser light reflected by the reflector B523 is reflected by the first optical path reflector 503 to the first optical path focusing mirror 505, while the first optical path swing arm 528 and the third optical path swing arm 529 are not in the working position, and the laser beam is irradiated to the first optical path and the second optical path On the verification energy meter 530, the optical path 1 is verified.

(2) When the reflector E520 is directly in front of the light outlet of A, the laser beam will be reflected by the reflector E520, and the laser beam will be completely output from the light outlet of B. At the same time, when the mirror C518 and the mirror D522 are in the light outlet When the light exit hole B is directly behind, the laser output from the light exit hole B is reflected by the reflection mirror D522 to the reflection mirror B523 on the right side of the reflection mirror D522. At this time, the laser light reflected by the mirror B523 is reflected on the second optical path focusing mirror group 504 through the second optical path reflector 502, while the first optical path swing arm 528 and the third optical path swing arm 529 are not in the working position, and the laser beam is irradiated to the first optical path Calibrate the second optical path on the energy meter 530 with the second optical path.

(3) When the reflector E520 is directly in front of the light exit of A, the laser beam will be reflected by the reflector E520, and the laser beam will be output from the light exit of B; at the same time, when the reflector C518 is directly behind the light exit of B, B The laser output from the light exit hole can be reflected by the mirror C518 to the mirror A516 on the left of the mirror C518. At the same time, when the three-mirror 513 in the optical path is directly behind the reflected light path of the mirror A516, the mirror A516 reflects the incoming laser light. Reflected on the three focusing mirrors 511 through the three optical path reflectors 513, while the first optical path swing arm 528 and the optical path three swing arm 529 are not in the working position, the laser beam is irradiated on the optical path three and optical path four calibration energy meters 527, Optical path three is verified.

(4) When the reflector E520 is directly in front of the light outlet of A, the laser beam will be reflected by the reflector E520, and the laser beam will be output from the B light outlet. At the same time, when the reflector C518 is behind the light outlet B, B will emit The laser output from the hole can be reflected by the mirror C518 to the mirror A516 on the left of the mirror C518. At the same time, when the three mirrors 513 in the optical path are not directly behind the reflection optical path of the mirror A16, the laser reflected by the mirror A516 passes through The four reflection mirrors 512 of the optical path are reflected onto the four homogeneous light focusing mirror group 510 of the optical path, while the first swing arm 528 and the third swing arm 529 of the optical path are not in the working position, and the laser beam is irradiated on the calibration energy meter 527 of the third optical path and the fourth optical path , to verify the optical path four.

Laser beam A and laser beam B are laser beams with an input wavelength of 1064nm, a single pulse energy of 3-20J, a pulse width of 8-25ns, a beam diameter<27mm, and a divergence angle<3mrad. At this time, the optical path three (9) and the optical path One (15) outputs a circular laser beam with a single pulse energy of 6-10J, a pulse width of 15-20ns, and a spot diameter of 3mm. Optical path four (10) and optical path two (14) output a single pulse energy of 7-10J, pulse width 15-20ns, the spot size is a square laser beam with a side length of 3mm, as shown in Figure 31-32.

In the process of laser shock strengthening, deionized water is used as the constrained layer; the resistivity of deionized water is 18 M, and the thickness of the constrained layer is 1-2mm, and the thickness is uniform. The repetitive positioning accuracy of the trajectory robot is ±0.09mm. The laser shock strengthening method adopts the method of moving the track robot and shocking the laser once, that is, processing point by point. In the laser shock peening, the overlapping rate of the circular light spot is 20%-30%, and the overlapping rate of the square light spot is 5%-15%.

The laser shock strengthening area of the overall blade disc is the area within 12mm of the leading edge of the blade back, the area within 12mm of the blade tip of the blade back, the area within 12mm of the rear edge of the blade, the area within 12mm of the trailing edge of the blade basin, and the area within 12mm of the blade tip of the blade basin. The area of 12mm, the area of 12mm at the leading edge of the blade pot, that is, the area within 12mm around the blade, and the blade root area is not processed, as shown in Figure 30.

The predetermined trajectory refers to: the laser shock strengthening of the overall blisk, for each processing area of the leading edge and the trailing edge, the sequence of shock strengthening is: first process from the direction of the blade root to the direction of the blade tip at the edge, and then to the The interior of the blade is offset by a specified distance and then processed from the direction of the root to the direction of the tip, a total of 4 times; for each processing area of the tip, the sequence of impact strengthening is: first at the tip from the direction of the leading edge to the direction of the trailing edge Processing, then offset the specified distance to the inside of the blade and then process from the front direction to the trailing edge direction, a total of 4 times; the specified distance refers to the offset to the interior of the blade according to the overlap rate of the circular or square light spot.

For the laser shock strengthening of the overall blisk, the energy used for the last process close to the inside of the blade is 20% lower than the energy used in the first three processes.

Example 1

Specimen material: TC17 titanium alloy blisk.

Pretreatment of the workpiece: first clean it with acetone to remove the oil on the surface, and then put it in the air shower for 5 minutes to remove the dust on the surface of the leaf disc (13).

Laser shock strengthening process parameters: ①The constrained layer uses deionized water, the resistivity of deionized water reaches 18 trillion, the thickness of the constrained layer is 1mm, and the thickness is uniform; ②The left focusing optical path and the right focusing optical path output a single pulse energy of 6J, The pulse width is 15ns, the diameter of the circular spot is 3mm, the left and right uniform light paths output a single pulse energy of 7J, the pulse width is 15ns, and the side length of the square spot is 3mm; the overlapping rate of the circular spot is 30%, and the square spot The overlap rate is 15%.

Example 2

Pretreatment of the workpiece: first clean it with acetone to remove the oil on the surface, and then put it in the air shower for 5 minutes to remove the dust on the surface of the leaf disc (13).

Laser shock strengthening process parameters: ① The constrained layer uses deionized water, the resistivity of deionized water reaches 18 trillion, the thickness of the constrained layer is 2 mm, and the thickness is uniform; ② The left and right focus optical paths output single pulse energy of 10J, The pulse width is 120ns, the diameter of the circular spot is 3mm, the left and right uniform light paths output a single pulse energy of 10J, the pulse width is 20ns, and the side length of the square spot is 3mm; the overlapping rate of the circular spot is 20%, and the square spot The overlap rate is 5%.

Example 3

Pretreatment of the workpiece: first clean it with acetone to remove the oil on the surface, and then put it in the air shower for 5 minutes to remove the dust on the surface of the leaf disc (13).

Laser shock strengthening process parameters: ① The constrained layer uses deionized water, the resistivity of deionized water reaches 18 trillion, the thickness of the constrained layer is 1.5mm, and the thickness is uniform; ② The left and right focus optical paths output a single pulse energy of 8J , pulse width 18ns, diameter of circular spot is 3mm, left uniform light path and right uniform light path output single pulse energy 9J, pulse width 17ns, square spot side length is 3mm; circular spot overlap rate is 24%, square The overlapping rate of the spot is 8%.

The mechanical properties before and after laser shock peening of the overall blisks of the above-mentioned Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Mechanical properties of the whole blisk before and after laser shock peening

Claims (13)

1. A method for laser shock strengthening of an integral blisk is characterized in that: the method first installs the integral blisk (107) on the flange plate at the end of the track robot by a clamp, and then the optical path system (103) is set to Light path three (409) work, light path one (415) work, light path four (410) work, light path two (414) work, light path four (410) work and light path two (414) work, successively to the whole blisk blade Leaf rear edge region (403), leaf basin leading edge region (406), leaf basin trailing edge region (404), leaf back leading edge region (401), leaf basin tip region (405) and leaf back tip region ( 402) performing laser shock strengthening; The method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Processing of the leaf rear edge region (403): the optical path system (103) switches to the optical path three (409) to work, and the track robot (106) moves with the leaf disk (107), and leaves the blade from the leaf rear edge region (403). The root starts to process point by point according to the predetermined track to the direction of the blade tip. After processing a blade, the trajectory robot controls to automatically switch to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed; (2) Processing of the front edge area (406) of the leaf basin: the optical path system (103) switches to the optical path one (415) to work, and the track robot (106) moves with the leaf disk (107) to move from the front edge area (406) of the leaf basin The root of the blade starts to be processed point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the direction of the blade tip. After processing a blade, the trajectory robot controls and automatically switches to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed; (3) Processing of the leaf basin rear edge area (404): the optical path system (103) switches to the optical path four (410) to work, and the track robot (106) moves with the leaf disk (107) to move from the leaf basin rear edge area (404) The root of the blade starts to be processed point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the direction of the blade tip. After processing a blade, the trajectory robot controls and automatically switches to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed; (4) Processing of the leaf back front edge area (401): the optical path system (103) switches to the optical path two (414) to work, and the trajectory robot (106) moves with the blade disc (107) to move from the leaf back front edge area (401) The root of the blade starts to be processed point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the direction of the blade tip. After processing a blade, the trajectory robot controls and automatically switches to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed; (5) Machining in the blade tip area (405) of the leaf basin: the optical path system (103) switches to the optical path four (410) to work, and the track robot (106) moves with the blade disc (107) to move from the blade tip area (405) of the leaf basin The leading edge direction of the blade starts to be processed point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the trailing edge direction. After processing a blade, the trajectory robot controls and automatically switches to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed; (6) Processing of leaf back tip area (402): the optical path system (103) switches to optical path two (414) to work, and the track robot (106) moves with the blade disc (107) to move from the leaf back tip area (402) The leading edge direction of the blade starts to be processed point by point according to the predetermined trajectory to the trailing edge direction. After processing a blade, the trajectory robot controls and automatically switches to the next blade for processing until the processing is completed; The optical path system includes: optical path one and optical path two switching slide table (501), optical path three and optical path four switching slide table (514) and optical outlet sliding table (517) installed on the optical platform (515); (102) A numerically controlled sliding table (521) for switching the optical path inside; the optical path three turntable (509) and the optical path one turntable (506) installed on the optical platform (515); the optical path three turntable (506) installed on the optical platform (515) and optical path four calibration slides (526) and optical path one and optical path two calibration slides (531); the optical path two reflectors (502), optical path four reflectors (512), and reflectors installed on the optical table (515) Mirror A (516) and reflector B (523); optical path one focusing mirror (505), optical path three focusing mirrors (511), optical path two focusing mirrors (525) and optical path four focusing mirrors installed on the optical platform (515) (532), the optical path two uniform light lenses (524) and the optical path four uniform light lenses (533) installed on the optical platform (515), the optical path two focusing mirrors (525) and the optical path two uniform light lenses (524) are composed Optical path two uniform light focusing lens groups (504), described optical path four focusing mirrors (532) and optical path four uniform light lenses (533) form optical path four uniform light focusing lens groups (510); respectively installed on optical path one turntable (506) And the optical path one swing arm (528) and the optical path three swing arm (529) on the optical path three turntable (509); the optical path one swing arm (528) end and the optical path three swing arm (529) end are installed respectively mirror (507) and three small reflectors (508) of the light path; the light path one reflector (503) and the light path one light path mirror (503) and Three reflectors (513) on the optical path; reflector C (518) and reflector D (522) installed on the light exit slide table (517); reflector E (520) installed on the numerically controlled slide table (521); The beam combining mirror (537) installed inside the laser (102); the third optical path and the fourth optical path respectively installed on the optical path three and optical path four calibration slides (526) and the optical path one and optical path two calibration slides (531) Calibration energy meter (527) and optical path one and optical path two calibration energy meter (530); protective plate (534), protective cover (535) and light pipe A (903) installed on the optical table (515); The reflector E (520) can slide on the numerically controlled slide table (521) under the drive of the servo motor or by manually rotating the knob at the rear end of the servo motor; the laser is provided with light outlet A and light outlet B; when the reflector E ( When 520) is directly in front of the light outlet A, the laser beam A is reflected by the reflector E (520) to the beam combining mirror (537), and then the laser beam and laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror (537) are passed through the light outlet B output; when the mirror E (520) is located between the light outlet A and the light outlet B, the laser beam A and the laser beam B are respectively output from the light outlet A and the light outlet B. 2. The laser shock peening method for an integral blisk according to claim 1, characterized in that: the switching of the optical path system (103) to the optical path three (409) refers to: when the optical path one swing arm (528) is not in the In the working position, when the mirror E (520) is in front of the light outlet A, the laser beam A is reflected by the mirror E (520), reaches the beam combining mirror (537), and then is reflected by the beam combining mirror (537) Both the laser and the laser beam B are output from the light outlet B. At the same time, when the mirror C (518) is behind the light outlet B, the laser output from the light outlet B can be reflected to the mirror C after being reflected by the mirror C (518) (518) on the reflector A (516) on the left, and when the three reflectors (513) of the optical path are just behind the reflective light path of the reflector A (516), the laser light reflected by the reflector A (516) passes through the third optical path The reflection mirror (513) is reflected onto the three focusing mirrors (511) of the optical path, and the three swing arms (529) of the optical path swing until the three small reflecting mirrors (508) of the optical path are just on the right side of the output light path of the three focusing mirrors (511), The three small reflectors (508) in the optical path reflect the laser light output by the three focusing mirrors (511) on the surface of the workpiece to form a circular spot with a diameter of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity to process the blade rear edge area of the aeroengine blade disk (403); The switching of the optical path system (103) to the optical path one (415) means: when the three swing arms (529) of the optical path are not in the working position, and when the mirror E (520) is in front of the light outlet A, the laser beam A is reflected by the mirror E (520) to the beam combining mirror (537), and then the laser beam and laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror (537) are both output from the light outlet B. At the same time, when the mirror C (518) and When the mirror D (522) is directly behind the light outlet A and the light outlet B, the laser output from the light outlet B is reflected by the reflection mirror D (522) to the mirror B on the right side of the mirror D (522) (523), when the light path one reflector (503) is just behind the reflective light path of the reflector B (523) at the same time, the laser light reflected by the reflector B (523) is reflected to the light path one by the light path one reflector (503) On the focusing mirror (505), when the optical path one swing arm (528) swings to the optical path one small reflector (507) just in time when the optical path one focusing mirror (505) output light path on the left side, the optical path one small reflective mirror (507) ) reflect the laser light output by the optical path-focusing mirror (505) to the surface of the workpiece to form a circular spot with a diameter of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity, and process the front edge area of the blade basin of the aeroengine blade disc (406); The switching of the optical path system (103) to the fourth optical path (410) refers to: when the first optical path swing arm (528) and the third optical path swing arm (529) are not in the working position, when the reflector E (520) is in the When the light outlet A is directly in front, the laser beam A is reflected by the mirror E (520) to the beam combining mirror (537), and then the laser beam and laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror (537) are output from the light outlet B, At the same time, when the mirror C (518) is at the rear of the light outlet B, the laser output from the light outlet B can be reflected to the mirror A (516) on the left of the mirror C (518) after being reflected by the mirror C (518) At the same time, when the three mirrors (513) of the optical path are not directly behind the reflected light path of the mirror A (516), the laser light reflected by the mirror A (516) is reflected by the four mirrors (512) of the optical path to the four uniform light focusing of the optical path On the mirror group (510), a square spot with a side length of 2-5 mm and uniform light intensity is formed to process the blade basin trailing edge region (404) and the blade basin blade tip region (405) of the aeroengine blade disk; The switching of the optical path system (103) to the second optical path (414) refers to: when the first optical path swing arm (528) and the third optical path swing arm (529) are not in the working position, when the reflector E (520) is in the When the light outlet A is directly in front, the laser beam A is reflected by the mirror E (520) to the beam combining mirror (537), and then the laser beam and laser beam B reflected by the beam combining mirror (537) are output from the light outlet B, At the same time, when the reflector C (518) and the reflector D (522) are at the rear of the light outlet A and the light outlet B respectively, the laser output from the light outlet B is reflected by the reflector D (522) to the reflector D ( 522) on the reflector B (523) on the right, and when the optical path one reflector (503) is not directly behind the reflective light path of the reflector B (523), the laser light reflected by the reflector B (523) passes through the second optical path Reflector (502) is reflected onto the optical path two homogeneous light focusing lens group (504), forming a square light spot with a side length of 2-5mm and uniform light intensity, and processing the blade back leading edge region (401) and blade back of the aeroengine blade disk Tip region (402). 3. The method for laser shock peening of an integral blisk according to claim 2, characterized in that: before carrying out laser shock peening to the entire blisk, light path three (409), light path four (410), and light path two of the optical path system are first (414) and the optical path one (415) are verified to ensure that they can work normally. 4. The laser shock peening method of the blisk according to claim 1, characterized in that: before processing each area of the blisk, a black tape with a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 14 mm is pasted on the area to be processed as an absorption After finishing the area, remove the black tape on it. 5. The laser shock peening method for an integral blisk according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the laser shock peening process, deionized water is used as the constrained layer; the resistivity of the deionized water is 18MΩ.cm, and the constrained layer The thickness is 1-2mm, and the thickness is uniform. 6. The laser shock peening method for an integral blisk according to claim 2, wherein: the laser beam A and the laser beam B have an input wavelength of 1064nm, a single pulse energy of 3-20J, a pulse width of 8-25ns, and a beam For a laser beam with a diameter of <27mm and a divergence angle of <3mrad, the third optical path (409) and the first optical path (415) output a circular laser beam with a single pulse energy of 6-10J, a pulse width of 15-20ns, and a spot diameter of 3mm. 7. The laser shock peening method for an integral blisk according to claim 2, characterized in that: the laser beam A and the laser beam B have an input wavelength of 1064nm, a single pulse energy of 3-20J, a pulse width of 8-25ns, and a beam For laser beams with a diameter of <27mm and a divergence angle of <3mrad, the fourth optical path (410) and the second optical path (414) output a square laser beam with a single pulse energy of 7-10J, a pulse width of 15-20ns, and a spot size of 3mm side length. 8. The method for laser shock peening of an integral blisk according to claim 1, characterized in that: the repetitive positioning accuracy of the trajectory robot is ±0.09mm. 9. The method for laser shock peening of an integral blisk according to claim 1, characterized in that: said laser shock peening method uses a path robot to move once and laser shock once to process, that is, process point by point. 10. The laser shock peening method for an integral blisk according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the laser shock peening, the overlapping rate of circular light spots is 20%-30%, and the overlapping rate of square light spots is 5%. %-15%. 11. The method for laser shock peening of an integral blisk according to claim 10, characterized in that: the laser shock peening area of the integral blisk is the area within 12 mm of the leading edge of the blade back, and the area within 12 mm of the tip of the blade back, The area within 12mm of the back edge of the leaf, the area within 12mm of the trailing edge of the leaf basin, the area of 12mm at the tip of the leaf basin, the area within 12mm of the front edge of the leaf basin, that is, the area within 12mm of the blade periphery, and the blade root area is not processed. 12. The laser shock peening method of the blisk according to claim 11, characterized in that: the predetermined trajectory refers to: the laser shock peening of the blisk, for each processing area of the leading edge and the trailing edge, the shock peening The sequence is as follows: first process from the blade root direction to the blade tip direction at the edge, then offset the specified distance to the inside of the blade, and then process from the blade root direction to the blade tip direction, reciprocating 4 times in total; for each blade tip processing area, the order of impact strengthening is as follows: first process the blade tip from the direction of the leading edge to the direction of the trailing edge, then offset the specified distance to the interior of the blade, and then process from the direction of the leading edge to the direction of the trailing edge, reciprocating 4 times in total; the specified distance Refers to the offset to the inside of the blade according to the overlapping ratio of the circular or square spot. 13. The method for laser shock peening of the blisk according to claim 12, characterized in that: for the laser shock peening of the blisk, the energy used for the last process close to the inside of the blade is 20% lower than that used in the first three processes. %.