Summary of the invention
For solving the wheel hub motor technical problem that motor gas-gap magnetic flux density is lower under unit volume, motor torque density is too low in prior art, under the invention provides a kind of motor volume not increase situation, the permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor that motor gas-gap magnetic flux density is higher, motor torque density is higher.
Permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor provided by the invention, comprises internal stator assembly and outer rotor component; Described outer rotor component comprises rotor punching; Described rotor punching is fixed with multiple magnet steel, and multiple described magnet steel is evenly arranged into annulus, and described annulus is set on described internal stator assembly, and described annulus is coaxial with described internal stator assembly;
In described annulus, the pole orientation of adjacent two described magnet steel is contrary, and pole orientation is pointed to respectively or deviated from the axis of described internal stator assembly;
Be provided with tangential magnet between every two adjacent described magnet steel, the pole orientation of each described tangential magnet is all identical with the tangential direction of described annulus, and the pole orientation of close on two described tangential magnets is contrary.
Permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor of the present invention, owing to being provided with tangential magnet between two magnet steel adjacent on rotor punching, and the pole orientation of adjacent tangential magnet is contrary, thus the magnetic force of tangential magnet is superposed mutually with the magnetic force of magnet steel, magnet steel end can increase towards the magnetic flux density of internal stator assembly; Simultaneously because radial magnet is distributed between magnet steel, the volume not outside occupying volume, so when motor volume inconvenience, add the magnetic flux density in air gap, namely improves the torque density of motor.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor of the structure chart of the permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor of the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment, comprises internal stator assembly 4 and outer rotor component; Outer rotor component is fixedly connected with the casing of motor, and motor case is the wheel hub of wheel, and directly drive vehicle wheel rotation when motor runs, outer rotor component comprises rotor punching 3; Internal stator assembly 4 is provided with multiple equally distributed wire casing 40 diametrically, is provided with winding coil in wire casing 40, and the surrounding of winding coil is provided with the iron core for increasing magnetism intensity.Rotor punching 3 is fixed with multiple magnet steel 1 ' and magnet steel 1, magnet steel 1 ' and magnet steel 1 are alternately arranged into an annulus that can be set on internal stator assembly 4, the annulus that magnet steel is arranged in is coaxial with internal stator assembly 4, namely the radial direction of internal stator assembly 4 corresponding with inside annulus and between there is air gap 5; In the magnet steel of annulus arrangement, the pole orientation contrary (namely inner magnet line of induction direction is contrary) of adjacent two magnet steel 1 and magnet steel 1 '; Further, as shown in the direction of arrow in Fig. 2, in adjacent two magnet steel, the pole orientation of magnet steel 1 deviates from the axis of internal stator assembly 4, and the pole orientation of magnet steel 1 ' points to the axis of internal stator assembly 4.Upon power-up, namely outer rotor component starts to rotate the winding coil that internal stator assembly 4 comprises under the magneticaction of magnet steel.
In the present embodiment, between every two adjacent magnet steel (namely between magnet steel 1 and magnet steel 1 ') be provided with tangential magnet 2 or 2 ', each tangential magnet 2 or 2 ' pole orientation all identical with the tangential direction of the annulus that magnet steel forms (namely the annulus that all forms with magnet steel of the pole orientation of tangential magnet is tangent, in other words perpendicular to the radius of annulus), and the pole orientation of close on two tangential magnets (tangential magnet 2 and tangential magnetic 2 ') is contrary.Because all there is the magnet steel that two pole orientation are different the both sides of each tangential magnet, thus each magnetic force of tangential magnet is superposed with the magnetic picture of magnet steel, add magnetic flux density between magnet steel and internal stator assembly 4, the magnetic flux density namely in air gap 5 increases.
At the permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor of the present embodiment, owing to being provided with tangential magnet between adjacent two magnet steel on rotor punching 3, and the pole orientation of adjacent tangential magnet is contrary, thus the magnetic force of tangential magnet is superposed mutually with the magnetic force of magnet steel, magnet steel end increases towards the magnetic flux density of internal stator assembly; Meanwhile, radial magnet is distributed between magnet steel, the volume not outside occupying volume, so when motor volume inconvenience, add the magnetic flux density in air gap 5, namely improves the torque density of motor.Equally, when wheel hub motor peak torque density is constant, adopt the structure of the present embodiment wheel hub motor, the axial dimension (i.e. the core dimensions in internal stator assembly upper magnet yoke portion) of electric motor internal stator assembly can reduce, and the volume of motor can be less.It should be noted that in addition, owing to being provided with tangential magnet between adjacent two magnet steel, the magnetic flux density that each magnet steel deviates from the direction of internal stator assembly 4 reduces, and decreases the electromagnetic effect to miscellaneous part.
Fig. 3 is the magnetic steel structure figure of the permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor of another embodiment of the present invention.On the basis of above-described embodiment, in the present embodiment, each magnet steel comprises: two radial magnets, and these two radial magnets are one group, are all fixed on rotor punching 3; Radial magnet often in group is arranged between adjacent two tangential magnets along the tangential direction of annulus, is namely provided with one group of radial magnet between every two adjacent tangential magnets; The pole orientation of two pieces of radial magnets included by each magnet steel is consistent with the pole orientation of this magnet steel, and namely the pole orientation of radial magnet is in the radial direction of internal stator assembly.Generally, each magnet steel is radially on average divided into two pieces.Namely as shown in Figure 3, magnet steel 1 comprises two pieces of radial magnets 10, and the pole orientation of radial magnet 10 is identical with magnet steel 1; Magnet steel 1 ' comprises two pieces of radial magnets 10 ', and radial magnet 10 ' is identical with magnet steel 1 ' pole orientation; Radial magnet 10 or 10 ' be all fixed on rotor punching 3.As Fig. 3, two radial magnets 10 included by each magnet steel 1, their pole orientation is consistent and deviate from the axis of internal stator assembly 4; Two radial magnets 10 ' included by each magnet steel 1 ', their pole orientation is also consistent and towards the axis of internal stator assembly 4.In addition, often organize in radial magnet, the tangential magnet that the side of each radial magnet is adjacent with this radial magnet leans, and another radial magnet in the opposite side of this radial magnet and this group leans; In other words, between adjacent two tangential magnets, close-packed arrays has two pieces of radial magnet.For Fig. 3, in each magnet steel 1 ', radial magnet 10 ' and radial magnet 10 ' mutually against, radial magnet 10 ' contacts with tangential magnet 2, and another radial magnet 10 ' contacts with tangential magnet 2 '.Because each magnet steel is split into two radial magnets, from but each tangential magnet can be adjacent with two ends radial magnet close contact, thus the magnetic flux density a of three magnet entirety is enhanced in the direction of radial magnet towards internal stator assembly 4; In addition, because each magnet steel is split into two radial magnets, the arrangement of each radial magnet can be freer.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, rotor punching 3 is provided with and is multiplely convenient to magnet steel 1 or 1 ' positioning tooth 30 that positions, two radial magnets included by each magnet steel contact with positioning tooth 30 respectively; Each positioning tooth 30 is often being organized between in radial magnet two radial magnets, and namely two radial magnets 10 lay respectively at the both sides of positioning tooth 30, and two radial magnets 10 ' lay respectively at the both sides of positioning tooth 30.The side of each radial magnet contacts with positioning tooth 30, opposite side and tangential magnet 2 or 2 ' contact.Positioning tooth 30 can adopt the mode of punching press to protrude from rotor punching 3.Because magnet steel magnetic force is large, and adjacent two pieces of magnetic steel magnetic pole directions are inconsistent, so wheel hub motor during fabrication, magnet steel is difficult to be fixed on rotor punching 3.When rotor punching 3 is provided with positioning tooth 30, two radial magnets included by each magnet steel all can rely on positioning tooth 30 to position and arrange, and facilitate assembling and the manufacture of outer rotor component, improve the production efficiency of motor.Positioning tooth 30 can adopt triangle positioning tooth, other also can be adopted to be beneficial to the shape of fixed radial magnet, as inner circle arc.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, two radial magnets at each tangential magnet and these tangential magnet two ends, common formation domes; Such as, tangential magnet 2, radial magnet 10 ' and radial magnet 10 form domes jointly; The Inner arc of these domes is towards the axis of internal stator assembly 4.When two radial magnets at each tangential magnet and its this tangential magnet two ends form domes jointly, three is arc-shaped structure, or the contact portion of each radial magnet and positioning tooth 30 is provided with chamfering, general preferred employing circular arc chamfering, this makes it possible to make three magnets between two adjacent positioning tooths 30 to form domes, which enhances motor reliability and fail safe.As Fig. 3, when all tangential magnets and all radial magnets all adopt arc-shaped structure, all tangential magnets and all radial magnets can form a gapless annulus, substantially reduce the radial volume of outer rotor component.
The arrangement of the domes magnet in the present embodiment combines with above-described embodiment, makes wheel hub motor superior performance of the present invention, torque density is high, wide area is efficient, volume is little, lightweight, compact conformation; Manufacture craft is simple simultaneously, and stable and reliable operation, is suitable for large-scale promotion application, can have a tremendous social and economic benefits.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of the permanent-magnetic outer rotor wheel hub motor of another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, internal stator assembly 4 is provided with multiple being uniformly distributed and wire casing 40 for holding winding coil diametrically, and the winding coil arranged in each wire casing 40 is corresponding with the annulus that magnet steel forms; Namely the end of wire casing 40 is towards magnet steel; The quantity of magnet steel and wire casing 40 is respectively the integral multiple of 8:9.Because each magnet steel comprises two radial magnets, and two radial magnets rely on again positioning tooth 30 to locate, so positioning tooth 30 is also 8:9 with the number ratio of wire casing 40; The pole slot fit of wheel hub motor is the integral multiple of 8/9 in other words.The pole slot fit of 8/9 effectively balances the unbalanced magnetic pull of wheel hub motor.Preferred version is, the quantity of magnet steel is 32, and the quantity of wire casing 40 is 36; Under so concrete number ratio, best counterbalance effect can be obtained, and cogging torque and torque pulsation little, improve the dynamic property of wheel hub motor, can realize high-precision private clothes drive.
Internal stator assembly 4 is provided with multiple wire casing 40 along radial direction distribution, wire casing 40 is stator lasmination groove, and the winding coil in each wire casing 40 is the double-deck concentratred winding of three-phase fractional-slot, and winding coil is positioned at stator lasmination groove and is divided into double-deck and distributes vertically.The double-deck concentratred winding of three-phase fractional-slot can reduce the end span of internal stator assembly 4, save wire casing 40 end space, decrease motor axial dimension, weaken the back-emf slot ripples of motor like this, improve counter potential waveform, also improve the utilance of wire casing 40 in internal stator assembly 4 accordingly.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.