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CN103791751B - A kind of heat-transfer pipe - Google Patents

A kind of heat-transfer pipe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103791751B
CN103791751B CN201210425469.0A CN201210425469A CN103791751B CN 103791751 B CN103791751 B CN 103791751B CN 201210425469 A CN201210425469 A CN 201210425469A CN 103791751 B CN103791751 B CN 103791751B
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China
Prior art keywords
heat
transfer pipe
twisted sheet
cross
transfer
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CN103791751A (en
Inventor
王国清
张利军
刘俊杰
周先锋
杜志国
张永刚
张兆斌
周丛
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of heat-transfer pipe, be provided with twisted sheet (2), it is characterized in that in this heat-transfer pipe (1), this twisted sheet (2) has the cross-drilled hole (3) of the surface running through described twisted sheet (2) and the edge closure formed.Heat-transfer pipe of the present invention can reduce resistance when fluid flows through thus the pressure drop of the fluid be decreased through, and improves the heat transfer efficiency of heat-transfer pipe simultaneously.

Description

A kind of heat-transfer pipe
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-transfer pipe, this heat-transfer pipe is specially adapted to heating furnace, especially produces the pyrolysis furnace of ethene.
Background technology
The Fourier theorem of diabatic process is as shown in the formula shown in (1), and wherein q is heat output, and A is heat transfer area, and k is heat transfer coefficient, and t/y is thermograde,
q A = - k dt dy - - - ( 1 )
For the heating furnace in petro chemical industry, when heat transfer area (being determined by the ability of heating furnace) and thermograde (being determined by the ability of furnace tube material and burner) are determined, the method that uniquely can improve unit are heat output improves heat transfer coefficient exactly.Heat transfer coefficient k is determined by the thermal resistance in the thermal resistance of main fluid, boundary layer, theoretical according to the special boundary layer flow in Pulan, when real fluid flows along solid wall surface, be close to the fluid that one deck of wall is very thin, will be attached to wall not slippage, the flow velocity namely near the fluid of wall is zero, a flow boundary layer is there is between fluid flowing main body and wall, although this boundary layer is very thin, actual conditions are verified, and its heat transmission resistance is but very large.Heat, by after flow boundary layer, just can be delivered to rapidly main body logistics center, therefore, by the thinning boundary layer of certain mode, effectively will increase heat output.
CN1121996A discloses a kind of method of producing ethene, the method is the fin arranged along the axis of boiler tube from the arrival end of boiler tube to the port of export in cracking furnace pipe one or more region or Zone Full inner surface of tube wall, fin is formed by the projection extended spirally axially on inner surface of tube wall along pipe, and the direction of fin is crossing with the center line of pipe and have suitable pitch.This invention reaches the object of stirring fluid by the spirality projection on inner surface of tube wall, thus reaches larger turbulent flow, reduces the loss of pressure drop while heat transfer as far as possible.In this invention, fin is along managing the axial spiral protrusion extended spirally on tube wall surface is formed, or each fin is around the tube hub line annular projection that circumference is derivative on tube wall surface.Clearly, along with the increase of boiler tube service time, the coking of table will make spirality role of dashing forward more and more weak in boiler tube, cannot continue the object of heat transfer.
CN1711340A discloses a kind of for the production of the cracking tube in the pyrolysis furnace of ethene, have and be formed on its inner surface and the fin for stirring pipe internal flow of centerline dip relative to pipe, described fin is discrete to be arranged on one or more helical trajectory.The boiler tube of this structure can suppress the pressure loss of boiler tube, but the effect of its diabatic process equally also incurs loss.
CN1260469A discloses a kind of heat-exchange tube of energy diabatic process, this heat-exchange tube is the integrated boiler tube of the twisted sheet that adopts vacuum metling investment pattern precision casting technology to manufacture and pipe, its objective is and improves heat-transfer effect, reduce coking tendency, and serviceability is reliable and stable, long working life.In this invention, twisted sheet is the internal diameter of enhanced heat transfer component centrally line upper and lower translation and the track curved surface of process while its center line rotates.Adopt the twisted sheet of above-mentioned shape, when fluid is by twisted sheet, because the area of twisted sheet is comparatively large, fluid is still larger by the pressure drop of enhanced heat transfer component.For tubular heater, pressure drop is lower, is more conducive to saving energy.For pyrolysis furnace, the reduction of pressure drop will be conducive to the optionally raising of cracking reaction, thus improve object product as the yield of ethylene, propylene.Therefore, the pressure drop how reducing enhanced heat transfer component further while improving heat-transfer effect is the important research direction of enhanced heat transfer component.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is improving the still larger shortcoming of the pressure drop that causes while heat-transfer effect to overcome heat-transfer pipe of the prior art, provide a kind of improve heat-transfer effect while to the greatest extent at utmost reduce the heat-transfer pipe of fluid-pressure drop.
The present inventor is found by research, the heat-transfer pipe comprising twisted sheet at fluid through out-of-date, near the streamline of tube hub fluid change less, and there is larger change near the streamline of the fluid of tube wall, be spirality streamline, this part helix shape streamline is that diabatic process serves crucial effect just, therefore, only need the flow direction of the streamline of the fluid changed near near-wall, make it produce flow-disturbing, just can the heat-transfer effect of heat-transfer pipe effectively.Namely, when twisted sheet is the internal diameter of heat-transfer pipe centrally line upper and lower translation and the track curved surface of process while its center line rotates, the cross-drilled hole of the edge closure formed by the surface running through described twisted sheet, the fluid that this cross-drilled hole can be flowed by axial direction, the fluid that also can be flowed by radial direction, therefore also can the flow direction of alter, destroys original laminar flow, to increase heat transfer coefficient, improve the heat-transfer effect of heat exchanger tube.And the cross-drilled hole on twisted sheet can be in axial direction corresponding up and down, so just can be through vertically, thus be convenient to mechanical decoking and hydraulic decoking operation.Find based on this, complete the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of heat-transfer pipe 1, be provided with twisted sheet 2 in this heat-transfer pipe 1, wherein, this twisted sheet 2 has the cross-drilled hole 3 of the surface running through described twisted sheet and the edge closure formed.
Preferably, cook the tangent plane of described twisted sheet 2 in described cross-drilled hole 3 center, described cross-drilled hole is projected as circle on this tangent plane.
Preferably, the ratio of the area of described cross-drilled hole 3 area and twisted sheet 2 is 0.05-0.95:1, is preferably 0.1-0.7:1.
Preferably, the number of described cross-drilled hole 3 is 1-100, is preferably 2-20.
Preferably, arrange multiple described cross-drilled hole 3 in described heat-transfer pipe 1, it is H that the upper side edge of described twisted sheet 2 rotates the axial length after 180 °, and the axial distance of adjacent cross-drilled hole 3 center line is 0.2H-0.8H.
Preferably, the number of the twisted sheet 2 arranged in described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 1-24, is preferably 2-10.
Preferably, arrange multiple described twisted sheet 2 in described heat-transfer pipe 1, the ratio of the axial distance between adjacent described twisted sheet 2 and the internal diameter of heat-transfer pipe 1 is 15-75, more preferably 25-50.
Preferably, arrange multiple described twisted sheet 2 in described heat-transfer pipe 1, the cross section of adjacent twisted sheet 2 is mutually vertical.
Preferably, the ratio of the axial length of described twisted sheet and the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 1-10, is preferably 1-6, more preferably 2-4.
Preferably, the anglec of rotation of described twisted sheet is 90-1080 °, more preferably 120-360 °.
Preferably, the ratio of the described thickness of twisted sheet 2 cross section and the pipe thickness of heat-transfer pipe is 0.2-2:1, and is 0.01-0.02:1 with the ratio of the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1.
Preferably, the number range of the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 5-300mm; The thickness of the tube wall of described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 4-20mm.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for description, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with detailed description of the invention one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of heat-transfer pipe of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the axial, cross-sectional view of heat-transfer pipe along heat-transfer pipe center line with a twisted sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the side view of heat-transfer pipe of the present invention, wherein supposes that heat-transfer pipe is transparent, therefore, it is possible to see the structural representation of twisted sheet within heat-transfer pipe and cross-drilled hole;
Fig. 4 is the top view of heat-transfer pipe of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the axial, cross-sectional view that the present invention has the heat-transfer pipe of two twisted sheets.
Description of reference numerals
1 heat-transfer pipe 2 twisted sheet
The center line of 3 cross-drilled hole 4 heat-transfer pipes
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
In the present invention, when not doing contrary explanation, the noun of locality such as " upper and lower, left and right " of use typically refers to heat-transfer pipe of the present invention direction under operating conditions, the direction namely shown in accompanying drawing.The center line of heat-transfer pipe refers to that heat-transfer pipe under operating conditions, the cylinder center line in the axial direction that heat-transfer pipe is formed.In the present invention, the center line of cross-drilled hole refers to that heat-transfer pipe under operating conditions, the axis of the solid figure that cross-drilled hole is formed, and when the space that cross-drilled hole is formed is cylinder, center line is the axis of cylindrical symmetry axis.
According to heat-transfer pipe 1 of the present invention, be provided with twisted sheet 2 in this heat-transfer pipe 1, wherein, this twisted sheet 2 has the cross-drilled hole 3 of the surface running through described twisted sheet 2 and the edge closure formed.
In prior art, twisted sheet does not have cross-drilled hole usually, the line segment that can be understood as in a horizontal direction rotates around himself mid point, go back in the vertical direction upwards or the track curved surface of translation downwards and process simultaneously, and be provided with in the cross section of the portions of twisted sheet at heat-transfer pipe, the cross section of twisted sheet always is the internal diameter of heat-transfer pipe cross section circle.Twisted sheet comprises the upper side edge and lower side that are parallel to each other for a pair, and a pair distortion limit, the equal diameters of this pair upper side edge and lower side and heat-transfer pipe, two distortion limits all the time with the contact internal walls of heat-transfer pipe.
According to heat-transfer pipe of the present invention, this heat-transfer pipe 1 comprises twisted sheet 2, and as Figure 1-Figure 5, this twisted sheet 2 has the cross-drilled hole 3 of the surface running through described twisted sheet and the edge closure formed.In the present invention, the center line of described cross-drilled hole 3 can change with the angle of the center line of heat-transfer pipe with edge in a big way, as long as the hole formed is substantially vertical with the center line of heat-transfer pipe 1.
For common heat-transfer pipe, the dominant thermal resistance of tube fluid heat exchange concentrates on the low regime of laminar sublayer, but for heat transfer heat pipe of the present invention, the piston flow of tube fluid changes rotating flow, improve tangential velocity, destroy original laminar flow layer, thinning boundary layer, increase heat transfer coefficient, improve the heat-transfer effect of heat-transfer pipe.
After heat-transfer pipe of the present invention has cross-drilled hole 3, the fluid that this cross-drilled hole can be flowed by axial direction, the fluid that also can be flowed by radial direction, therefore also can the flow direction of alter, destroy original laminar flow, to increase heat transfer coefficient, improve the heat-transfer effect of heat exchanger tube.And the cross-drilled hole on twisted sheet can be in axial direction corresponding up and down, so just can be through vertically.When this heat-transfer pipe is used for millisecond furnace, be convenient to mechanical decoking and hydraulic decoking operation.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, cook the tangent plane of described twisted sheet 2 in described cross-drilled hole 3 center, described cross-drilled hole is projected as circle on this tangent plane.That is, in which case, the central axis of described cross-drilled hole is in the center line of heat-transfer pipe.The active force that such structure can make each heat exchange reinforcement in heat-transfer pipe 1 be subject to fluid is even.
According to heat-transfer pipe of the present invention, although the sectional area size of the present invention to described cross-drilled hole 3 does not have particular/special requirement, consider heat-transfer effect and application, preferably, described cross-drilled hole 3 can be 0.01-0.99:1, more preferably 0.1-0.7:1 with the ratio of the area of twisted sheet 2 axial surface intersection and the projected area of twisted sheet axis.
According to this invention, although the number of the present invention to cross-drilled hole 3 does not specially require, can determine according to the heat-transfer effect of heat-transfer pipe and application, preferably, the described horizontal number of empty 3 can be 1-100, is preferably 2-20.
According to the present invention, when the number of cross-drilled hole 3 arranged is multiple, although the present invention does not specially require for the density of setting of cross-drilled hole 3, preferably, it is H that the upper side edge of described twisted sheet 2 rotates the axial length after 180 °, and the axial distance between adjacent cross-drilled hole 3 center line can be 0.2H-0.8H.
Preferably, the number of the twisted sheet arranged in described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 1-24, more preferably 2-10.
Twisted sheet is not arrange in the whole length of heat-transfer pipe 1 usually, but subsection setup is on heat-transfer pipe 1, arrange in described heat-transfer pipe 1 in the situation of multiple described twisted sheet 2, preferably, the ratio of the internal diameter of the axial distance between adjacent twisted sheet and heat-transfer pipe 1 is 15-75, more preferably 25-50.Fluid in pipe is constantly become rotating flow from piston flow by such piecewise, improves heat transfer efficiency.This preferred embodiment is the general range arranged according to the length of heat-transfer pipe 1, and the present invention is to this and be not construed as limiting, and the number of any twisted sheet adapted with the length of heat-transfer pipe 1 and axial spacing are all within protection scope of the present invention.Further preferably, the cross section of adjacent twisted sheet 2 is mutually vertical.It should be noted that, when heat-transfer pipe comprises two or more on cross section during mutual vertically disposed twisted sheet, the aperture of the cross-drilled hole of these two twisted sheets is not necessarily identical, and the position that cross-drilled hole is arranged is also not necessarily identical.That is, two twisted sheets in this heat-transfer pipe are not necessarily identical.
Usually, term " pitch " refer to the upper side edge of twisted sheet revolve turnback after axial length.Term " distortion ratio " refers to the ratio of the internal diameter of pitch and heat-transfer pipe.This distortion is than the length determining each heat-transfer pipe, and the anglec of rotation of twisted sheet determines the degreeof tortuosity of twisted sheet, thus affects heat transfer efficiency.The distortion ratio of twisted sheet can adjust according to actual conditions, below simply show preferable range under normal circumstances, does not limit protection scope of the present invention.Preferably, the ratio of the axial length of the twisted sheet 2 in heat-transfer pipe 1 of the present invention and the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 1-10, is preferably 1-6, more preferably 2-4.
The anglec of rotation 90-1080 ° of described twisted sheet, more preferably 120-360 °.1080 ° is 3 circles, and that is twisted sheet can rotate 3 circles at most.In the present invention, the line segment that the anglec of rotation of twisted sheet refers in above-mentioned horizontal direction forms the angle that described twisted sheet rotates.The degree of this anglec of rotation on tube fluid rotating flow has impact, and under the prerequisite of identical distortion ratio, the anglec of rotation is larger, and the tangential velocity of fluid is larger.But the present invention is not limited to the value of the above-mentioned anglec of rotation, any applicable rotation angle value can with in the present invention.
According to the present invention, although the thickness of the present invention to described twisted sheet does not specially require, preferably, the ratio of the described thickness of twisted sheet 2 cross section and the pipe thickness of heat-transfer pipe is 0.2-2:1, and is 0.01-0.02:1 with the ratio of the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1.
What those skilled in the art can know is, the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1 suitably can adjust according to the field of application, such as, when the useless pot of described heat-transfer pipe 1 for pyrolysis furnace, the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1 can equal the diameter of described radiant coil, or is greater than the diameter 1%-20% of described radiant coil.More preferably, the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 5-300mm, more preferably 50-200mm.
Those skilled in the art can know, and the thickness of the tube wall of described heat-transfer pipe 1 can the requirement of strength of heat-transfer pipe be determined, preferably, the thickness of the tube wall of described heat-transfer pipe 1 is 4-20mm, is preferably 5mm-15mm.
According to the present invention, described heat-transfer pipe 1 adopts the one in the method for vacuum metling investment pattern precision casting technology, forging or welding to process.Therefore, can simply, convenient, manufacture heat-transfer pipe inexpensively.When heat-transfer pipe of the present invention adopts foundry engieering to make, there is solderability, conveniently by welding method, heat-transfer pipe can be connected in the boiler tube of such as pyrolysis furnace.
According to heat-transfer pipe of the present invention, described heat-transfer pipe is made into integration, and the heat-transfer pipe of this structure is not easy to damage.
It should be noted that; above-mentionedly only list the preferred embodiment of the present invention; and can suitably adjust in protection scope of the present invention; such as when arranging multiple twisted sheet 2 in heat-transfer pipe 1; distance between each twisted sheet 2 is not etc.; the distortion ratio of each twisted sheet 2 and/or the anglec of rotation different, multiple twisted sheet 2 can be set to the twisted sheet 2 of single twisted sheet or mutually square crossing respectively.
Below the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible combination.
In addition, also can be combined between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.

Claims (15)

1. a heat-transfer pipe, twisted sheet (2) is provided with in this heat-transfer pipe (1), it is characterized in that, this twisted sheet (2) has the cross-drilled hole (3) of the surface running through described twisted sheet (2) and the edge closure formed;
Wherein, described cross-drilled hole (3) is 0.05-0.95:1 with the area of axial surface intersection of twisted sheet (2) and the ratio of the axial projective area of twisted sheet (2);
Wherein, it is H that the upper side edge of described twisted sheet (2) rotates the axial length after 180 °, arrange multiple described cross-drilled hole (3) in described heat-transfer pipe (1), the axial distance between adjacent cross-drilled hole (3) center line is 0.2H-0.8H;
Wherein, arrange multiple described twisted sheet (2) in described heat-transfer pipe (1), the ratio of the axial distance between adjacent described twisted sheet (2) and the internal diameter of heat-transfer pipe (1) is 15-75.
2. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, wherein, cooks the tangent plane of described twisted sheet (2) in described cross-drilled hole (3) center, described cross-drilled hole is projected as circle on this tangent plane.
3. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the number of described cross-drilled hole (3) is 1-100.
4. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 3, wherein, the number of described cross-drilled hole (3) is 2-20.
5. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the number of the twisted sheet (2) arranged in described heat-transfer pipe (1) is 1-24.
6. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 5, wherein, the number of the twisted sheet (2) arranged in described heat-transfer pipe (1) is 2-10.
7. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, wherein, the ratio of the axial distance between adjacent described twisted sheet (2) and the internal diameter of heat-transfer pipe (1) is 25-50.
8. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, wherein, the cross section of adjacent twisted sheet (2) is mutually vertical.
9. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 1, wherein, the ratio of the axial length of described twisted sheet (2) and the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe (1) is 1-10.
10. heat-transfer pipe according to claim 9, wherein, the ratio of the axial length of described twisted sheet (2) and the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe (1) is 1-6.
11. heat-transfer pipes according to claim 10, wherein, the ratio of the axial length of described twisted sheet (2) and the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe (1) is 2-4.
12. heat-transfer pipes according to claim 1, wherein, the anglec of rotation of described twisted sheet is 90-1080 °.
13. heat-transfer pipes according to claim 12, wherein, the anglec of rotation of described twisted sheet is 120-360 °.
14. heat-transfer pipes according to claim 1, wherein, the ratio of the thickness of described twisted sheet (2) cross section and the pipe thickness of heat-transfer pipe is 0.2-2:1, and is 0.01-0.02:1 with the ratio of the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe (1).
15. according to claim 1-2,4 and 6-14 in heat-transfer pipe described in any one, wherein, the internal diameter of described heat-transfer pipe (1) is 5-300mm; The thickness of the tube wall of described heat-transfer pipe (1) is 4-20mm.
CN201210425469.0A 2012-10-30 2012-10-30 A kind of heat-transfer pipe Active CN103791751B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109724444B (en) * 2017-10-27 2020-12-18 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Heat transfer pipe and cracking furnace
CN108489111A (en) * 2018-03-11 2018-09-04 宁夏博文利奥科技有限公司 A kind of solar water heater with guiding device
CN108489110A (en) * 2018-03-11 2018-09-04 宁夏博文利奥科技有限公司 A kind of solar water heater with disturbing flow device
CN111578762B (en) * 2020-05-21 2021-03-02 西安交通大学 A torsion tube support composite heat exchange structure
CN114100539A (en) * 2021-11-02 2022-03-01 中国石化工程建设有限公司 Intraductal enhanced heat transfer plug-in components and pyrolysis furnace

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4817709A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-04-04 Carrier Corporation Ramp wing enhanced plate fin
CN2101210U (en) * 1991-09-24 1992-04-08 上海船用柴油机研究所 High-efficient low resistant heat exchanger
JPH0634231A (en) * 1992-07-16 1994-02-08 Orion Mach Co Ltd Liquid temperature regulator
CN1260469A (en) * 1998-09-16 2000-07-19 中国石油化工集团公司 Heat exchange pipe and its manufacture method and application

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4817709A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-04-04 Carrier Corporation Ramp wing enhanced plate fin
CN2101210U (en) * 1991-09-24 1992-04-08 上海船用柴油机研究所 High-efficient low resistant heat exchanger
JPH0634231A (en) * 1992-07-16 1994-02-08 Orion Mach Co Ltd Liquid temperature regulator
CN1260469A (en) * 1998-09-16 2000-07-19 中国石油化工集团公司 Heat exchange pipe and its manufacture method and application

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Application publication date: 20140514

Assignee: YANTAI MANOIR HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: BEIJING RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY, CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp.

Contract record no.: X2022980017209

Denomination of invention: Heat transfer tube

Granted publication date: 20160427

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Record date: 20221009

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