CN103787732A - Watermelon plug seedling matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Watermelon plug seedling matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103787732A CN103787732A CN201310709329.0A CN201310709329A CN103787732A CN 103787732 A CN103787732 A CN 103787732A CN 201310709329 A CN201310709329 A CN 201310709329A CN 103787732 A CN103787732 A CN 103787732A
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- 241000219109 Citrullus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a watermelon plug seedling matrix and a preparation method thereof. The matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume: 15-30 parts of coconut shell powder base material, 15-30 parts of distiller biogas residue fermented material, 15-25 parts of carbonized rice shell, 1-2 parts of biogas sludge, 5-10 parts of perlite and 15-25 parts of vermiculite, wherein the water content of the matrix is 35-50%, the total porosity is 65-95%, the organic content is greater than 20%, the total nutrient content is 3-5%, the particle size is 0.1-4.9mm, the volume weight is 0.2-0.8g/cm<3>, the gas-water ratio is 1:(2-4), the EC (Ethyl Cellulose) value is less than or equal to 2.5mS/cm, and the pH value is 5.8-7.5. The preparation method comprises steps of processing and treating raw materials, mixing and stirring, regulating the physical and chemical indexes, quantifying, packaging and the like. The root system of watermelon cultured by using the matrix is developed, the leaves are strong and free of diseases or pests, and the standard of strong seedling is met. Organic wastes are taken as the raw materials, the watermelon plug seedling matrix is produced through high temperature fermentation treatment, the waste is turned into wealth, and the harm is turned into benefits, and moreover the matrix is low in cost, light in weight, complete in nutrient, applicable to growth and development of watermelon seedlings, and is a good matrix for watermelon plug seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nutraceutical matrix and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate and preparation method thereof, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Soilless culture, refers to the method for cultivating by matrix without natural soil, is mainly used on vegetables or flowers, is fertile saving of labor's the high yield and high quality modern technique again of a water-saving, province.
Watermelon taste sweet juice is many, nutritious, clearly quench one's thirst, be relieve summer heat summer quench one's thirst, pure safe fruit.In cultivating watermelon, growing seedlings is important step, and the watermelon seedling of cultivating high-quality is the basis of yield production of water melon.Traditional watermelon seedling culturing is all to adopt Nutrition Soil alms bowl processed to grow seedlings, and along with the development of seeding raising technology and equipment, matrix hole plate seedling growth replaces feeding block seedlings raising just gradually, many local industrial seedling rearings of vegetables and garden crop of having realized.Seedling medium is the indispensable raw material of industrial seedling rearing, and it is the dedicated substrate that need to prepare according to seedling development.At present, domestic and international application the most widely seedling medium is take peat, rock wool, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom slag, wood sawdust, reed, fine sand, cinder, straw powder etc. as main raw material, formulated with the mixture of one or several raw materials, in July, 2012, Chinese patent CN102138499 B discloses Nanjing Institute of Vegetable Science and has utilized Chinese medicine slag breeding earthworm, then license document using wormcast, vermiculite, perlite etc. as raw material production watermelon seedling culturing substrate; Chinese patent CN101855981A disclosed vegetable or flower institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and utilized vegetables residue, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite to prepare the license document of watermelon seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof in October, 2010; Chinese patent CN102432394 B discloses Zhenjiang Pei Lei matrix company in July, 2013 and has utilized acid-sludge to produce the license document of seedling substrate for soilless culture for vegetables.
In sum, the garden crop seedling medium such as domestic existing watermelon is mainly using vermiculite, perlite, mud (grass) charcoal and animal excrement etc. as seedling medium raw material.But peat originates in northeast, resource is tight, can not regenerate, and the enterprise in Jiangsu is used peat cost very high; Although animal excrement are nutritious, exist quantity few, collect the deficiencies such as difficulty, be difficult to meet the needs of industrial seedling rearing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of alcohol natural pond slag take fermentation and coconut palm chaff brick as main raw material, produce the scheme of watermelon plug seedling substrate and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in the following ways:
A kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate, comprises the raw material of following volume ratio: coconut shell flour base-material 15-30 part, alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material 15-30 part, carbonization rice husk 15-25 part, cripple 1-2 part, perlite 5-10 part, vermiculite 15-25 part;
Described coconut shell flour base-material is domestic or import coconut palm brick adds water and carries out the moistening material that forms after expansion process;
Described alcohol natural pond slag is that cassava raw material extracts the tankage after alcohol, then the residue forming after anaerobically fermenting produces biogas;
Described alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material is that alcohol natural pond slag is through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation reactor system material after treatment;
Described cripple is the material of methane-generating pit bottom settlings thing after drying grinding and processing, granularity 1-3mm;
Described carbonization rice husk is the ashes that rice husk stays after burning carbonization.
This water content of substrate 35-50%, total porosity 65-95%, organic content>=20%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 3-5%, particle diameter 0.1-4.9mm, unit weight 0.2-0.8g/cm
3, gas-water ratio is 1:2-4, EC value≤2.5mS/cm, and pH is 5.8-7.5.
This substrate formula volume ratio is: 30 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 15 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 25 parts of carbonization rice husks, 1 part of cripple, 5 parts of perlites, 24 parts of vermiculites.
The preferential formula volume ratio of this matrix is: 15 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 30 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 15 parts of carbonization rice husks, 2 parts of cripples, 5 parts of perlites, 24 parts of vermiculites.
Another volume ratio of preferably filling a prescription of this matrix is: 26 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 26 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 16 parts of carbonization rice husks, 2 parts of cripples, 5 parts of perlites, 25 parts of vermiculites.
The physical and chemical index of this matrix optimization is: water content≤45%, total porosity 70%, organic content>=20%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 5%, particle diameter 2-3mm, unit weight 0.5g/cm
3, gas-water ratio is 1:3, and EC value is 1.8mS/cm, and pH is 6.8.
A making method for watermelon plug seedling substrate, is characterized in that:
1) processing treatment of raw material
1. alcohol natural pond slag is carried out to abundant fermentation maturity processing with high temperature quick rotting agent, be dried to water content 25-35%, be crushed to below particle diameter 3mm;
2. coconut palm brick is added water and carries out expansion process and become moistening coconut shell flour base-material, the coefficient of expansion be 4-6 doubly, water content 40-50%, particle diameter 1-6mm;
3. cripple water content is processed to below 20%, pulverized and sieved to 50 orders;
4. carbonization rice husk is pulverized and sieved to 50 orders;
2) mix and blend: by step 1.-alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material, coconut shell flour base-material, cripple and carbonization rice husk and perlite, vermiculite that 4. step obtains uniformly mix;
3) measure, adjust physical and chemical index: measure, adjust the physical and chemical index of matrix, make water content, total porosity, unit weight, gas-water ratio, EC value, pH index meet the desired value described in claim 2 or 7.
4) quantitative package: put every bag of Intake Quantity 0.01-0.1 m3 after quantitatively packing the watermelon plug seedling substrate of making into packaging bag enclosing in storage.
It is 15-60 days that described alcohol natural pond slag fermentation maturity is processed the composting time.
Described high temperature quick rotting agent is made up of actinomycetes, yeast, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus, hundred million units/gram of effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount 0.5-1, and wherein actinomycetes account for 40-60%; High temperature quick rotting agent consumption is that every 100m3 alcohol natural pond slag adds high temperature quick rotting agent 15-20kg.
beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, coconut shell flour, alcohol natural pond slag are all organic wastes, and quantity is many, and purposes is few, with non-renewable raw material resources such as its alternative peat, for the production of watermelon plug seedling substrate, can reduce environmental pollution, turns waste into wealth, and turns harm into good.
2, the present invention by coarse size any coconut shell flour and the alcohol natural pond slag mix and match of fine size, make the existing retentiveness of matrix have again ventilation property, changed the poor deficiency of acid-sludge matrix retentiveness.Meanwhile, using the higher carbonization rice husk of alkalescence is auxiliary material, not only can cushion the potential of hydrogen of matrix, and its potassium content is higher, also has abundant trace element, is well suited for growing of vegetable seedling.
3, the watermelon seedling culturing substrate that the present invention produces, quality is light, and nutrient is complete, and cost is low, easy to use, can be widely used in the industrial hole plate seedling growth of the garden crops such as watermelon.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand this embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
embodiment 1:
A kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate, raw material is vermiculite, perlite, cripple, carbonization rice husk and the organic waste such as alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material and coconut shell flour base-material through becoming thoroughly decomposed and processing; Wherein coconut shell flour base-material is that domestic coconut palm brick adds water and carries out the moistening material that forms after expansion process, and the coefficient of expansion is 4, water content 40%, particle diameter 1-6mm; Cripple is the material of methane-generating pit bottom settlings thing after drying grinding and processing, granularity 1-3mm; Carbonization rice husk is the ashes that rice husk stays after burning carbonization; Alcohol natural pond slag is that cassava raw material extracts the tankage after alcohol, then the residue forming after anaerobically fermenting produces biogas.
This substrate formula component is by volume: 30 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 15 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 25 parts of carbonization rice husks, 1 part of cripple, 1 part of perlite, 24 parts of vermiculites; This water content of substrate 35%, total porosity 65%, organic content 20%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 3%, particle diameter 0.1mm, unit weight 0.2g/cm
3, gas-water ratio is 1:2, EC value 2.5mS/cm, and pH is 5.8.
Alcohol natural pond slag fermentative processing be summer in sunlight board awning, adopt bar buttress formula fermentation process, alcohol natural pond slag is carried out to decomposition reactor system processing, the composting time is 15 days, every turning in 1-2 days once.
embodiment 2:
A kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate, raw material is vermiculite, perlite, cripple, carbonization rice husk and the organic waste such as alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material and coconut shell flour base-material processed by fermentation; Wherein coconut shell flour base-material is that domestic coconut palm brick adds water and carries out the material that forms after expansion process, and the coefficient of expansion is 6, water content 50%, particle diameter 1-6mm; Cripple is the material of methane-generating pit bottom settlings thing after drying grinding and processing, granularity 1-3mm; Carbonization rice husk is the ashes that rice husk stays after burning carbonization; Alcohol natural pond slag is that cassava raw material extracts the tankage after alcohol, then the residue forming after anaerobically fermenting produces biogas.
This substrate formula component is by volume: 15 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 30 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 15 parts of carbonization rice husks, 2 parts of cripples, 5 parts of perlites, 24 parts of vermiculites; This water content of substrate 50%, total porosity 95%, organic content 22%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 5%, particle diameter 4.9mm, unit weight 0.8g/cm
3, gas-water ratio is 1:4, EC value 2.0mS/cm, and pH is 7.5.
Alcohol natural pond slag fermentative processing be winter in sunlight board awning, adopt wheeled fermentation process, alcohol natural pond slag is carried out to decomposition reactor system processing, the composting time is 60 days, every turning in 4-5 days once.
embodiment 3:
A kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate, raw material is vermiculite, perlite, cripple, carbonization rice husk and the organic waste such as alcohol natural pond slag and coconut shell flour base-material of processing that becomes thoroughly decomposed by fermentation; Alcohol natural pond slag fermentative processing is with embodiment 1, but the alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material fermentative processing composting time is 30 days.
In raw material, coconut shell flour base-material is that import coconut palm brick adds water and carries out the material that forms after expansion process, and the coefficient of expansion is 5.5, water content 45%, particle diameter 1-6mm; Cripple is the material of methane-generating pit bottom settlings thing after drying grinding and processing, granularity 1-3mm; Carbonization rice husk is the ashes that rice husk stays after burning carbonization; Alcohol natural pond slag is that cassava raw material extracts the tankage after alcohol, then the residue forming after anaerobically fermenting produces biogas.
This substrate formula component is by volume: 25 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 30 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 15 parts of carbonization rice husks, 0.5 part of cripple, 10 parts of perlites, 15 parts of vermiculites.
This matrix physicochemical character is: water content 45%, and total porosity 70%, organic content 21.5%, N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient content 4.8%, particle diameter 2.5mm, unit weight 0.5g/cm3, gas-water ratio is 1:3, and EC value is 1.8mS/cm, and pH is 6.8.
embodiment 4:
A kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate, raw material is vermiculite, perlite, cripple, carbonization rice husk and the organic waste such as alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material and coconut shell flour base-material processed by fermentation; In raw material, coconut shell flour base-material is that import coconut palm brick adds water and carries out the material that forms after expansion process, and the coefficient of expansion is 5.5, water content 45%, particle diameter 1-6mm; Cripple is the material of methane-generating pit bottom settlings thing after drying grinding and processing, granularity 1-3mm; Carbonization rice husk is the ashes that rice husk stays after burning carbonization; Alcohol natural pond slag is that cassava raw material extracts the tankage after alcohol, then the residue forming after anaerobically fermenting produces biogas.
This substrate formula component is by volume: 26 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 26 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 16 parts of carbonization rice husks, 2 parts of cripples, 5 parts of perlites, 25 parts of vermiculites.
The making method of a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate of embodiment 4:
1) processing treatment of raw material
1. alcohol natural pond slag is carried out to abundant fermentation maturity processing with high temperature quick rotting agent, be dried to water content 25-35%, be crushed to below particle diameter 3mm;
2. coconut palm brick is added water and carries out expansion process and become moistening coconut shell flour base-material, the coefficient of expansion be 4-6 doubly, water content 40-50%, particle diameter 1-6mm;
3. cripple water content is processed to below 20%, pulverized and sieved to 50 orders;
4. carbonization rice husk is pulverized and sieved to 50 orders;
2) mix and blend: by step 1.-alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material, coconut shell flour base-material, cripple and carbonization rice husk and perlite, vermiculite that 4. step obtains uniformly mix;
3) measure, adjust physical and chemical index: measure, adjust the physical and chemical index of matrix, make water content, total porosity, unit weight, gas-water ratio, EC value, pH index meet the desired value described in claim 2 or 7.
4) quantitative package: put every bag of Intake Quantity 0.01-0.1 m3 after quantitatively packing the vegetable seedling substrate of making into packaging bag enclosing in storage.
It is 15-60 days that described alcohol natural pond slag fermentation maturity is processed the composting time.
Described high temperature quick rotting agent is made up of actinomycetes, yeast, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus, hundred million units/gram of effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount 0.5-1, and wherein actinomycetes account for 40-60%; High temperature quick rotting agent consumption is that every 100m3 alcohol natural pond slag adds high temperature quick rotting agent 15-20kg.
This matrix physicochemical character is: water content 45%, and total porosity 70%, organic content 21.5%, N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient content 4.8%, particle diameter 2.5mm, unit weight 0.5g/cm3, gas-water ratio is 1:3, and EC value is 1.8mS/cm, and pH is 6.8.
Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Xing Nong fertilizer company limited and Jingkou District, Zhengjiang City Vegetable Research Institute scientific research personnel cooperate, the watermelon plug seedling substrate of innovation and supporting watermelon hole plate seedling growth standardisation technique, apply on Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, Yangzhou and Shandong and other places, Jingkou District accumulative total popularizing area reaches 10,000 mu.Compared with conventional feeding block seedlings raising, adopt the watermelon plug seedling substrate prepared of the embodiment seedling rate of growing seedlings high, Miao Qimiao is strong; Economize kind of an abridged edition, volume increase is efficient; Easy and simple to handle, be easy to promote; Watermelon seedling well developed root system, blade stalwartness, be convenient to transportation, can realize and concentrating for seedling.Watermelon plug seedling substrate and effect prepared by embodiment are as follows:
1, variety of watermelon: No. 1, Soviet Union's honey.
2, material is prepared: watermelon hole plate seedling growth generally adopts 48-54 hole dish, cave dish specification 54cm × 28cm × 5.5cm; The watermelon hole plate seedling growth dedicated substrate that seedling medium selects Zhenjiang Xing Nong fertilizer company limited to produce.Every bag as substrate 50L, can fill cave dish 10～12 dishes.1000 strain watermelon seedlings need matrix 90L left and right.
3, prepare in seedbed: hole plate seedling growth seedbed will select that physical features is higher, leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage are easily in booth.Carry and carry out grow seedlings furrow or seedling culture frame the last week, furrow are wide stays bed base (slightly higher than ground) according to seedling growth greenhouse specification in seedling growth greenhouse central authorities, the general wide 1.8～2.4m of furrow, paving one deck mulch film after the leveling of furrow face.Heating wire can use routinely.1000 strain watermelon seedlings need seedbed area 3～4 ㎡.
4, presoaking and germinating: select fine day that seed is shone 1～2 day before sowing.Seed disinfection can be scalded and plant about 15 minutes with the warm water of 55～60 ℃, scald while kind and will constantly stir, after reducing naturally, water temperature cleans the mucus on seed coat with clear water, putting into clear water soaks seed 8～12 hours again, after seed soaking, seed is wrapped and is placed on vernalization under 30 ℃ of conditions with wet cloth, sowing when bud is grown 0.5 centimetre.
5, sowing: 1. sowing time: the hole plate seedling growth sowing time can be than feeding block seedlings raising late about 5 days.The cultivation ahead of time of Zhenjiang areas booth, can at the beginning of by the end of January by 2 months, sow, what middle canopy was cultivated can sow in mid or late Febuary.2. medium in tray: first matrix is sprayed to little water before sabot and mix thoroughly, regulate water content of substrate to 50%～60%, and pack cave dish after making it bulk into, scrape off matrix unnecessary in card.3. water vola water and evenly water vola water, matrix is sunk naturally.Water and will keep flowing out cave dish under water and be advisable.4. the punch centre of Yao Da cave, hole dish, the degree of depth is advisable with 1 centimetre.5. pendulum kind is chosen the long basically identical watermelon seed of bud and is kept flat the center into cave dish aperture, one, a cave, then build floatingly by matrix, be fitly emitted on seedbed.Depth of planting is advisable with 1～1.3 centimetre, should not exceed 1.5 centimetres.Cross the simple and easy seed belt cap that causes; Cross deeply, emerge late, melon seedling is of poor quality.Seed sets timely covering one deck mulch film, in order to heat and moisture preserving.
6,1. seedbed management is thrown off in time mulch film and will be checked in time the growth of cereal crop seedlings in after planting 2～3 days, in the time that seed has about half to be unearthed, throws off in time mulch film, makes seedling see light greening, and seeing has cotyledon " band cap " is unearthed, and in time artificial " raising one's hat ".Take off film and easily form late " high pin seedling ".2. temperature and humidity management: sowing to the front canopy temperature of neat seedling is controlled at 28～30 ℃ daytime, adds a cover straw screen or mat night and with electrothermal temp .-rising, keep 18～20 ℃ of temperature on hut, heats and emerges.Qi Miaohou occurs to rough leaf, suitably ventilates, and reduces bed temperature, and day temperature is controlled at 22～25 ℃, and can cover straw screen or mat night, keeps 15 ℃ of left and right of temperature, prevents high pin seedling.After emerging, no power is heated in principle.Fine day ventilates must be timely, notes adding a cover coverture insulation evening.First 4～5 days cooling hardenings of field planting, are controlled at 18～22 ℃ daytime, remain on 13～15 ℃ night.Guarantee, under the prerequisite of temperature, should to strengthen ventilation and ventilation time as far as possible, reduce humidity in canopy, water and answer fine weather to carry out noon, water rear timely ventilation wet down.3. illumination management: seedling will allow it fully see light after being unearthed in time, will as much as possible early take off late lid whole seedling stage, allow the common light of rice shoot.Continuous rainy weather also will be thrown off in time straw screen or mat and see scattered light by rice shoot during rain stops.4. rich water quality management: after planting keep the strong key of the moistening Miao Qimiao of being of matrix.Maintenance level as far as possible when cave dish is put, guarantees evenly ponding not of plug media moisture.Do not emerge yet and will check in time and keep the skin wet as overlong time.After emerging, to water in time according to water content of substrate situation, in the time that stromal surface is dry rarefaction, water in time, meet and overcast and rainyly can suitably reduce irrigation times.After emerging 2 weeks, suitably spray foliage fertilizer, will suitably control moisture simultaneously, promote the healthy and strong growth of rice shoot.
7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: substrate seedling is at less generation disease and pest in seedling stage, growing seedlings in various places can be according to seedling stage diseases and pests a situation arises the control of medication in time.Watermelon sprout term disease mainly contains samping off, damping-off, anthrax etc., and insect pest mainly contains aphid; Sprout term disease can oppose the alternately spraying control of 800 times of liquid, 500 times of liquid of 64% Sandofan with seedling bacterium, aphid can prevent and treat with 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 10% Provado.Spray medicine will be selected in fine day to carry out the morning.
8, lifting transportation: matrix seedling well developed root system, can coil the root rope of forming consolidation, when lifting, can together take out together with matrix, for the ease of lifting, can water in right amount the day before yesterday at lifting, with Special hole dish carrying case vanning transportation.
Claims (10)
1. a watermelon plug seedling substrate, is characterized in that: the raw material that comprises following volume ratio: coconut shell flour base-material 15-30 part, alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material 15-30 part, carbonization rice husk 15-25 part, cripple 1-2 part, perlite 5-10 part, vermiculite 15-25 part;
Described coconut shell flour base-material is domestic or import coconut palm brick adds water and carries out the moistening material that forms after expansion process;
Described alcohol natural pond slag is that cassava raw material extracts the tankage after alcohol, then the residue forming after anaerobically fermenting produces biogas;
Described alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material is that alcohol natural pond slag is through high temperature quick rotting agent fermentation reactor system material after treatment;
Described cripple is the material of methane-generating pit bottom settlings thing after drying grinding and processing, granularity 1-3mm;
Described carbonization rice husk is the ashes that rice husk stays after burning carbonization.
2. a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this water content of substrate 35-50%, total porosity 65-95%, organic content>=20%, total nutrient content 3-5%, particle diameter 0.1-4.9mm, unit weight 0.2-0.8g/cm
3, gas-water ratio is 1:2-4, EC value≤2.5mS/cm, and pH is 5.8-7.5.
3. according to a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described total nutrient is N+P
2o
5+ K
2o.
4. a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this substrate formula volume ratio is: 30 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 15 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 25 parts of carbonization rice husks, 1 part of cripple, 5 parts of perlites, 24 parts of vermiculites.
5. a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this substrate formula volume ratio is: 15 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 30 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 15 parts of carbonization rice husks, 2 parts of cripples, 5 parts of perlites, 24 parts of vermiculites.
6. a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this substrate formula volume ratio is: 26 parts of coconut shell flour base-materials, 26 parts of alcohol natural pond slag fermentation materials, 16 parts of carbonization rice husks, 2 parts of cripples, 5 parts of perlites, 25 parts of vermiculites.
7. a kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this water content of substrate≤45%, total porosity 70%, organic content>=20%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total nutrient content 5%, particle diameter 2-3mm, unit weight 0.5g/cm
3, gas-water ratio is 1:3, and EC value is 1.8mS/cm, and pH is 6.8.
8. a making method for watermelon plug seedling substrate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
1) processing treatment of raw material:
1. alcohol natural pond slag is carried out to abundant fermentation maturity processing with high temperature quick rotting agent, be dried to water content 25-35%, be crushed to below particle diameter 3mm;
2. coconut palm brick is added water and carries out expansion process and become moistening coconut shell flour base-material, the coefficient of expansion be 4-6 doubly, water content 40-50%, particle diameter 1-6mm;
3. cripple water content is processed to below 20%, pulverized and sieved to 50 orders;
4. carbonization rice husk is pulverized and sieved to 50 orders;
2) mix and blend: by step 1.-alcohol natural pond slag fermentation material, coconut shell flour base-material, cripple and carbonization rice husk and perlite, vermiculite that 4. step obtains uniformly mix;
3) measure, adjust physical and chemical index: measure, adjust the physical and chemical index of matrix, make water content, total porosity, unit weight, gas-water ratio, EC value, pH index meet the desired value described in claim 2 or 7;
4) quantitative package: put every bag of Intake Quantity 0.01-0.1 m3 after quantitatively packing the vegetable seedling substrate of making into packaging bag enclosing in storage.
9. a kind of making method of watermelon plug seedling substrate according to claim 8, is characterized in that: it is 15-60 days that described alcohol natural pond slag fermentation maturity is processed the composting time.
10. a kind of making method of watermelon plug seedling substrate according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described high temperature quick rotting agent is made up of actinomycetes, yeast, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus, hundred million units/gram of effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount 0.5-1, wherein actinomycetes account for 40-60%; High temperature quick rotting agent consumption is that every 100m3 alcohol natural pond slag adds high temperature quick rotting agent 15-20kg.
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| CN105684847A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 南京农业大学 | Seedling cultivation substrate special for watermelons and preparation method thereof |
| CN105684847B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2019-04-12 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of watermelon seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105802636A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-27 | 农杰 | Seepage-proof water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106134839A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-23 | 太仓市新滨农场专业合作社 | A kind of watermelon seedling culturing substrate |
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| CN106396925A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 简立华 | Watermelon cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108782134A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-13 | 淮南市永光草莓专业合作社 | A kind of western muskmelon tailored version seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109463256A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-15 | 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | A kind of dedicated seedling composite substrate of watermelon |
| CN112189533A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-08 | 潍坊郭牌农业科技有限公司 | Matrix for planting watermelons and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: The 212006 Jiangsu Bay Street Community focal Jianbi Jingkou District Zhenjiang City Patentee after: Jiangsu Xingnong Matrix Technology Co. Ltd. Address before: Jianbi Street Jiao Wan 212006 in community of Zhenjiang province Jiangsu City Jingkou District Patentee before: ZHENJIANG XINGNONG ORGANIC FERTILIZER CO., LTD. |