CN103768694B - The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula - Google Patents
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula Download PDFInfo
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- CN103768694B CN103768694B CN201410014328.9A CN201410014328A CN103768694B CN 103768694 B CN103768694 B CN 103768694B CN 201410014328 A CN201410014328 A CN 201410014328A CN 103768694 B CN103768694 B CN 103768694B
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- air bag
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- intubate
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- intubated
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula and preparation and application thereof, described tracheostomy cannula includes intubating, the described insertion end intubated is arranged at intervals with 1～2 double-layer air bag, described double-layer air bag include being sleeved on successively described in intubate outer air bag and fixation balloon；Described air bag is set as safe air chamber with intubating to enclose, and connects with the endoporus intubated；Described fixation balloon with intubate, air bag encloses and is set as fixing air chamber, be connected with air injection pipe.The present invention intubate insertion end double-layer air bag is set, reduce the long-time pressurized in same position affect local blood circulation, cause airway mucus necrosis chance；Meanwhile, double-layer air bag can make whole air flue be constantly in air-tight state, maintains mechanical ventilation to be normally carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of clinical medicine medicine equipment, be specifically related to a kind of double-layer air bag tracheae and cut
Open sleeve pipe and preparation and application thereof.
Background technology
Mechanical ventilation is the important help technology of in modern medical techniques, by trachea cannula or
Tracheostomy cannula makes lung ventilator be connected with patient, uses the patient of lung ventilator in particular for the long period,
Because the time of trachea cannula the most not can exceed that one week, tracheostomy cannula is the most generally used to replace tracheae
The chance of occurrence of laryngeal edema when intubating alleviate the discomfort of patient and reduce extubation of tracheal intubation.
At present, in use there are the following problems for tracheostomy cannula:
Air bag fills, adverse effect to patient when exitting: for preventing tracheostomy cannula and trouble
Gap gas leakage between person's tracheae, affects normal ventilation effect, and traditional tracheostomy cannula sets at insertion end
Put the air bag of low pressure Gao Rong, during use, first inflate in air bag, filling tracheostomy cannula and gas
Gap between pipe, breathing gas enters human body through body, utilize air bag stop gas from body and tracheae it
Between overflow.But long-term inflated airbag meeting tracheas suppressed wall, and affect the blood circulation of tracheae local, tradition
Solution be: by air bag Time deflation a period of time, so that compression zone bit recovery blood circulation, but this
The effect lift and can cause tracheae gas leakage undoubtedly, affecting mechanical ventilation, and increase the sense of discomfort of patient.
For solving the problems referred to above, Chinese utility model patent CN201775850U discloses one also
Row double cuff anti-infection Preserving time trachea cannula, it includes: main tracheae, trachea cannula interface, two fill
Tracheae, two charge valves, two air bags, 8 suction holes, dedicated suction skirt, side opening compositions, tracheae is inserted
Interface tube is connected with main tracheae, two charge valves can blue with two kinds of different colours, distinguish in vain, accordingly
Air bag is corresponding with the color of charge valve, and gas tube is connected with charge valve respectively.Described in the utility model also
Row double cuff anti-infection Preserving time trachea cannula, inserts single lumen catheter according to routine in use and fixes, will
One of them cuff is inflated and is substituted the bad for the good, and connects lung ventilator or Anesthesia machine, then by the special attraction above this cuff
Pipe, glottis down to the secretion sucking-off in this cuff；As needed Preserving time, then can be within the set time
Another sleeve bag gas-filling, the cuff deflation of original inflation, two cuff inflations by turns ensure that air flue
Mucous membrane has the sufficient time of having a rest.
Although above-mentioned double cuff arranged side by side anti-infection Preserving time trachea cannula solves monosaccate gas
Pipe cuts the air bag of sleeve pipe and only oppresses the blood vessel around the tracheal wall of FX, it is impossible to Preserving time
Problem, but use the air bag overwhelming majority be low pressure height hold air bag, gasbag pressure acts directly on air flue
On mucous membrane, there are the following problems:
(1) if pressure is less, it is susceptible to gas leak phenomenon；If but pressure is excessive, during compressing
Between the longest, airway mucus will occur the serious consequence of ischemic necrosis.During Clinical practice, majority depends at present
The pressure of air bag is estimated by the clinical experience by doctor, poor accuracy；Even if using the pressure inspection of specialty
Measurement equipment detects, it is also difficult to determine optimum value and the Changing Pattern using pressure, and process is loaded down with trivial details,
Owing to the airway pressure of patient is often continually changing, the pressure in cuff is difficult to accurately be grasped.
(2) above the air bag of tracheostomy cannula, dorsal part is provided with an opening, by along the one of tube wall
Pipeline be interlinked to the outside, the outer termination vacuum suction of pipeline, sucking-off accumulates in above air bag, tracheostomy cannula
The secretion of dorsal part, be referred to as " under glottis attract ", under this kind of glottis sucking method exist negative pressure little can not inhale,
Negative pressure is big can be drawn to opening part, the problem causing airway mucus to damage tunica mucosa tracheae.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve the problems referred to above, it is provided that a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula and
Preparation and application, prevents the long-time local compression of tracheae and downright bad, it is to avoid when mechanical ventilation is normally implemented
The impacted patient's anoxic that causes, and reduce damage to airway mucus when attracting under glottis.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of double-layer air bag tracheae is cut
Drive sleeve pipe, including intubating, described in the insertion end that intubates be arranged at intervals with 1～2 double-layer air bag, described double
Layer air bag intubates outer air bag and fixation balloon described in including being sleeved on successively；
Described air bag is set as safe air chamber with intubating to enclose, and connects with the endoporus intubated；
Described fixation balloon with intubate, air bag encloses and is set as fixing air chamber, be connected with air injection pipe；
Described intubate, air bag, fixation balloon and air injection pipe are made up of medical antibacterial plastics, should
The component of medical antibacterial plastics includes: the macromolecular material of 100 weight portions, 0.1～5 weight portion inorganic
Antiseptic and the slow releasing pharmaceutical of 0.5～5 weight portions.
In technique scheme, intubate tube wall described in neighbouring described fixation balloon top edge and be provided with
Suction hole group, intubate described in being located on dorsal part, same cross section along the circumferential direction in the range of 60 ° distribution 3～
5 suction hole compositions.
Further technical scheme, 3～5 described suction holes with the described ridge line intubated are
Center line, increased radioactivity in the range of the 30 of both sides °.
Further technical scheme, 3～5 described suction holes are connected with same suction tube,
Described suction tube include the plan shape being connected in the described curved pipe intubated on inwall and along described in intubate inwall to
The straight tube of outer extension, described curved pipe is across 3～5 described suction holes, and connects with each described suction hole
Logical.Wherein, described suction tube can be selected for the dual-purpose pipe of suction sputum humidifying.
Further technical scheme, the top of described straight tube is one-body molded with one end of described curved pipe.
Above-mentioned suction tube can also use following structure: is provided with one between described straight tube and curved pipe
Y tube, wherein one end of this Y tube is one-body molded with the top of described straight tube, additionally two ends respectively with institute
The two ends stating curved pipe are one-body molded.
In technique scheme, in described air bag intubate tube wall be provided with 6～8 lead to
Pore, described safe air chamber is connected with the described endoporus intubated by passage.
In technique scheme, described macromolecular material is medical grade polyvinyl chloride, the poly-second of medical grade
In alkene, medical grade polyurethane, medical grade polyamide, medical grade silicon rubber and medical grade polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) one
Plant or multiple mixture.
In technique scheme, described slow releasing pharmaceutical is quinolones, cephalosporins, penicillin
One or more mixtures in class, aminoglycosides and glycopeptide.
In technique scheme, described in intubate the position corresponding with patient's oral area be set with intubate fixing
The wing.
The present invention also provides for the preparation method of a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, including walking as follows
Rapid:
(1) by 100 weight portion macromolecular materials, 0.1～5 parts by weight of inorganic antiseptics,
0.5～5 weight portion slow releasing pharmaceuticals, 30～60 parts by weight of plasticizer, 3～8 weight portion lubricating modifications
Agent, 2～5 weight portion stabilizer and 10～30 weight portion impact modifying agents mix in proportion, system
Become composite；
(2) composite is placed in plastic extruder, extrudes also at a temperature of 150～180 DEG C
Use pelleter pelletizing, obtain medical antibacterial plastic grain；
(3) step (2) gained medical antibacterial plastic grain is placed in extruder, by extruding
Cooling method extrusion intubates, air injection pipe and have the suction tube of curved pipe and straight tube, then will intubate wherein
One end is whittled into wedge shape, forms the insertion end intubated；
Wherein, the internal diameter 8～10mm that intubates described in, wall thickness 0.05～1mm；Described gas injection
The internal diameter 2～5mm of pipe, wall thickness 0.05～0.3mm；The internal diameter 2～5mm of described suction tube, wall thickness
0.05～0.2mm.
(4) two circle passages are being processed near the interval on tube wall that intubates inserting end；
Wherein, often circle includes the passage of the most uniform 6～8 0.5～1mm.
(5) by 100 weight portion macromolecular materials, 0.1～5 parts by weight of inorganic antiseptics,
0.5～5 weight portion slow releasing pharmaceuticals and 20～50 weight portion plastics reinforcing agents mix by a certain percentage
Extrude by extruder, make enhancement mode medical antibacterial plastics, be subsequently placed on blow moulding apparatus shaping two
Individual fixation balloon and two air bags；
Wherein, the wall thickness 0.03～0.1mm of described fixation balloon, capacity 5～10ml；Peace
The full wall thickness 0.03～0.1mm of air bag, capacity 0.8～2ml；Fixation balloon and air bag are low pressure
High appearance air bag.
(6) respectively corresponding for two air bags two circle passages are incorporated into described in the outside that intubates；
(7) respectively two fixation balloon correspondences are incorporated into the outside of two air bags, fixing gas
Capsule with intubate, air bag encloses and is set as fixing air chamber；
(8) two in step (7) fix and offer injecting hole on air chamber, and respectively with step (3)
In air injection pipe combine；
Wherein, injecting hole is opened on fixation balloon, and aperture is 2～6mm；Air injection pipe is along intubating
Stretch out.
(9) 3～5 are offered on tube wall at the intubating of upper edge near each fixation balloon
Suction hole；
Wherein, suction hole aperture 0.5～1.5mm, 3～5 described suction holes become radioactivity
It is distributed in the range of intubating 60 ° of dorsal part, adapts to the patient of horizontal position.
(10) curved pipe of step (3) gained suction tube is cut vertically a part, then will
What curved pipe was incorporated into suction hole position intubates on inwall, and straight tube is along intubating outside inwall extends and extend and intubate；
(11) connect anchor tip in the outer end intubated, complete double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula
Preparation.
The present invention also provides for the using method of a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, including walking as follows
Rapid:
(1) surface smear anesthetic and the lubricant of thick 0.1～1mm are being intubated；
(2) will intubate in insertion patient airway, and then utilize and intubate fixed-wing by tracheostomy cannula
Fixing；
(3) wherein an air injection pipe will be connected with syringe, inject in a fixing air chamber wherein
5～10ml (depending on chamber size between trachea cannula and tracheae) low-pressure gas, makes fixation balloon fully expand
, then remove syringe, gas unnecessary in releasing fixation balloon, make the air pressure in fixing air chamber with big
Air pressure is equal to, it is ensured that fixation balloon and patient airway's mucosal contact but no pressure, and folder closes air injection pipe；
(4) anchor tip intubated is connected with lung ventilator, starts mechanical ventilation, during inspiratory phase, exhales
Suction machine is supplied gas, and air flue internal pressure raises, and the gas of 5～10ml, in passage flow to air bag, makes peace
Full air bag expansion, the gas in the fixing air chamber of extruding, make fixation balloon more press close to tunica mucosa tracheae, because of fixing
Being low-pressure gas in air bag, so pressure will not be excessive, the compressing to tunica mucosa tracheae is little；(fix in theory
Air bag puts on the airway pressure of the pressure≤mechanical ventilation on tunica mucosa tracheae) patient expiration's phase time, airway pressure
Power declines, and the gas discharge that substitute is indoor, air bag bounces back, the fixation balloon compressing to tunica mucosa tracheae
Before power is down to mechanical ventilation, breathe non-malleation if being provided with, fixation balloon oppressive force≤breathing to tunica mucosa tracheae
Non-malleation, and less than pressure during inspiratory phase；Each respiratory, tunica mucosa tracheae pressurized, expiration during air-breathing
Time tunica mucosa tracheae not pressurized.
(5) when having secretion to gather between glottis and fixation balloon, by suction tube and vacuum extractor
Connecting, sucking-off glottis is down to the secretion above fixation balloon, if secretion is the most sticky, and can be first with note
Emitter, through suction tube injecting normal saline in patient airway, attracts after being diluted by secretion again；
(6) if intubating and being provided with two double-layer air bag, at interval of 3～5 hours, take turns to two
The inflation of individual fixation balloon, venting, it is ensured that tunica mucosa tracheae has the sufficient time of having a rest；
(7) before extracting tracheostomy cannula, first with vacuum extractor and suction tube sucking-off glottis
Secretion above fixation balloon, then utilizes syringe to be evacuated by fixing air chamber, releases patient's oral area
Intubate the fixing of fixed-wing, extract tracheostomy cannula.
Owing to technique scheme is used, the present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1. the present invention intubate insertion end double-layer air bag is set, reduce the long-time pressurized in same position
Affect the chance that local blood circulates, causes airway mucus necrosis；Meanwhile, double-layer air bag can make whole air flue
It is constantly in air-tight state, maintains mechanical ventilation to be normally carried out.
2. the present invention is intubating dorsal part emissivity 3～5 suction holes of distribution, it is to avoid negative pressure is little
Can not inhale, negative pressure is big tunica mucosa tracheae can be drawn to opening part, causes airway mucus to damage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Wherein: 1, intubate；10, suction hole；11, passage；
2, double-layer air bag；20, air bag；21, fixation balloon；
3, air injection pipe；
4, suction tube；
5, fixed-wing is intubated.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described:
Shown in embodiment one: Fig. 1, a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, including intubating 1,
The described insertion end intubating 1 is arranged at intervals with 2 double-layer air bag 2, and described double-layer air bag 2 includes being set with successively
At the described air bag 20 intubated outside 1 and fixation balloon 21.
Described air bag 20 with intubate 1 and enclose and be set as safe air chamber, connect with the endoporus intubating 1.
Described fixation balloon 21 with intubate 1, air bag 20 encloses and is set as fixing air chamber, with gas injection
Pipe 3 is connected.
Intubate 1 tube wall described in neighbouring described fixation balloon 21 top edge and be provided with suction hole group,
3～5 suction holes 10 intubating 1 dorsal part described in being located at form.Wherein, 3～5 described attraction
Hole 10 is positioned on same cross section, line centered by the described ridge line intubated, and puts in the range of the 30 of both sides °
Penetrating property is distributed.
3～5 described suction holes 10 are connected with same suction tube 4, and described suction tube 4 wraps
Include the plan shape being connected outward extending directly in intubating inwall described in the described curved pipe intubated on 1 inwall and edge
Pipe, described curved pipe is across 3～5 described suction holes 10, and connects with each described suction hole 10.
The top of described straight tube is one-body molded with one end of described curved pipe.But can also be according to reality
Situation uses following structure: be provided with a Y tube between described straight tube and curved pipe, wherein the one of this Y tube
Holding one-body molded with the top of described straight tube, additionally two ends are one-body molded with the two ends of described curved pipe respectively.
1 tube wall that intubates in described air bag 20 is provided with 6～8 and is evenly distributed
The passage 11 of 0.5～1mm, described safe air chamber is connected with the described endoporus intubating 1 by passage 11
Logical.
Described intubate 1 position corresponding with patient's oral area and be set with and intubate fixed-wing 5.
The embodiment of the present invention one also provides for the preparation method of a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, bag
Include following steps:
(1) by 3000g medical grade polyvinyl chloride, 3g silver-series antibacterial agent, 15g cynnematin,
900g phthalic acid two (2-ethyl hexyl) ester, 90g calcium stearate, 60g rare-earth stabilizer and 300g are poly-
Vinyl acetate mixes in proportion in high-speed mixer, makes composite；
(2) composite is placed in plastic extruder, extrudes also at a temperature of 150～180 DEG C
Use pelleter pelletizing, obtain medical antibacterial plastic grain；
(3) step (2) gained medical antibacterial plastic grain is placed in extruder, by extruding
Cooling method extrusion intubates, air injection pipe and have the suction tube of curved pipe and straight tube, then will intubate wherein
One end is whittled into wedge shape, forms the insertion end intubated；
Wherein, internal diameter 8mm, the wall thickness 0.05mm intubated described in；The internal diameter 2mm of described air injection pipe,
Wall thickness 0.05mm；The internal diameter 2mm of described suction tube, wall thickness 0.05mm.
(4) two circle passages are being processed near the interval on tube wall that intubates inserting end；
Wherein, often circle includes the passage of the most uniform 6 0.5mm.
(5) by 2000g medical grade polyvinyl chloride, 2g silver-series antibacterial agent, 10g cynnematin and
400g glass fibre is extruded through extruder after mixing by a certain percentage, makes enhancement mode medical antibacterial and moulds
Material, is subsequently placed on blow moulding apparatus two fixation balloons of shaping and two air bags；
Wherein, the wall thickness 0.03mm of described fixation balloon, capacity 5ml；The wall thickness of air bag
0.03mm, capacity 0.8ml；Fixation balloon and air bag are low pressure height and hold air bag.
(6) respectively corresponding for two air bags two circle passages are incorporated into described in the outside that intubates；
(7) respectively two fixation balloon correspondences are incorporated into the outside of two air bags, fixing gas
Capsule with intubate, air bag encloses and is set as fixing air chamber；
(8) two in step (7) fix and offer injecting hole on air chamber, and respectively with step (3)
In air injection pipe combine；
Wherein, injecting hole is opened on fixation balloon, and aperture is 2mm；Air injection pipe is along intubating to extension
Stretch.
(9) 5 suction holes are offered at the dorsal part that intubates near each fixation balloon upper edge；
Wherein, suction hole aperture 0.5mm, 5 described suction holes become increased radioactivity in intubating the back of the body
In the range of 60 ° of side, adapt to the patient of horizontal position；
(10) curved pipe of step (3) gained suction tube is cut vertically a part, then will
What curved pipe was incorporated into suction hole position intubates on inwall, and straight tube is along intubating outside inwall extends and extend and intubate；
(11) connect anchor tip in the outer end intubated, complete double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula
Preparation.
The embodiment of the present invention one also provides for the using method of a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, bag
Include following steps:
(1) surface smear anesthetic and the lubricant of thick 0.1～1mm are being intubated；
(2) will intubate in insertion patient airway, and then utilize and intubate fixed-wing by tracheostomy cannula
Fixing；
(3) wherein an air injection pipe will be connected with syringe, inject in a fixing air chamber wherein
5ml (depending on chamber size between trachea cannula and tracheae) low-pressure gas, makes fixation balloon fully expand, so
After remove syringe, gas unnecessary in releasing fixation balloon, make the air pressure in fixing air chamber and atmospheric pressure etc.
With, it is ensured that fixation balloon and patient airway's mucosal contact but no pressure, folder closes air injection pipe；
(4) anchor tip intubated is connected with lung ventilator, starts mechanical ventilation, during inspiratory phase, exhales
Suction machine is supplied gas, and air flue internal pressure raises, and the gas of about 7ml, in passage flow to air bag, makes safety
Air bag expansion, the gas in the fixing air chamber of extruding, make fixation balloon more press close to tunica mucosa tracheae, because of fixing gas
Being low-pressure gas in capsule, so pressure will not be excessive, the compressing to tunica mucosa tracheae is little；(fix gas in theory
Capsule puts on the airway pressure of the pressure≤mechanical ventilation on tunica mucosa tracheae) patient expiration's phase time, airway pressure
Declining, the gas discharge that substitute is indoor, air bag bounces back, the fixation balloon oppressive force to tunica mucosa tracheae
Before being down to mechanical ventilation, breathing non-malleation if being provided with, fixation balloon is to the oppressive force≤breathing of tunica mucosa tracheae not
Malleation, and less than pressure during inspiratory phase；Each respiratory, during air-breathing when tunica mucosa tracheae pressurized, expiration
Tunica mucosa tracheae not pressurized, can prevent double-layer air bag compressing from causing tunica mucosa tracheae downright bad, air bag can be avoided again anti-
Fill again, bleed air operation.
(5) when having secretion to gather between glottis and fixation balloon, by suction tube and vacuum extractor
Connecting, sucking-off glottis is down to the secretion above fixation balloon, if secretion is the most sticky, and can be first with note
Emitter, through suction tube injecting normal saline in patient airway, attracts after being diluted by secretion again；
(6) intubate and be provided with two double-layer air bag, at interval of 3～5 hours, take turns to two
Fixation balloon inflation, venting, it is ensured that tunica mucosa tracheae has the sufficient time of having a rest；
(7) before extracting tracheostomy cannula, first with vacuum extractor and suction tube sucking-off glottis
Secretion above fixation balloon, then utilizes syringe to be evacuated by fixing air chamber, releases patient's oral area
Intubate the fixing of fixed-wing, extract tracheostomy cannula.
Embodiment two: the embodiment of the present invention two prepares double-deck gas as shown in Figure 1 by following method
Capsule tracheostomy cannula, step is as follows:
(1) by 3000g medical grade polyvinyl, 60g zinc series antibacterial agent, 90g aminoglycoside, 1200g
Diisononyl phthalate, 150g barium stearate, 90g rare-earth stabilizer and 600g haloflex fat
Mix in high-speed mixer in proportion, make composite；
(2) composite is placed in plastic extruder, extrudes also at a temperature of 150～180 DEG C
Use pelleter pelletizing, obtain medical antibacterial plastic grain；
(3) step (2) gained medical antibacterial plastic grain is placed in extruder, by extruding
Cooling method extrusion intubates, air injection pipe and have the suction tube of curved pipe and straight tube, then will intubate wherein
One end is whittled into wedge shape, forms the insertion end intubated；
Wherein, internal diameter 9mm, the wall thickness 0.2mm intubated described in；The internal diameter 3.8mm of described air injection pipe,
Wall thickness 0.15mm；The internal diameter 3.5mm of described suction tube, wall thickness 0.1mm.
(4) two circle passages are being processed near the interval on tube wall that intubates inserting end；
Wherein, often circle includes the passage of the most uniform 6 0.5mm.
(5) by 2000g medical grade polyvinyl chloride, 40g zinc series antibacterial agent, 60g aminoglycoside and 600g
Aramid fiber is extruded through extruder after mixing by a certain percentage, makes enhancement mode medical antibacterial plastics,
It is subsequently placed on blow moulding apparatus two fixation balloons of shaping and two air bags；
Wherein, the wall thickness 0.05mm of described fixation balloon, capacity 7ml；The wall thickness of air bag
0.05mm, capacity 1.2ml；Fixation balloon and air bag are low pressure height and hold air bag.
(6) respectively corresponding for two air bags two circle passages are incorporated into described in the outside that intubates；
(7) respectively two fixation balloon correspondences are incorporated into the outside of two air bags, fixing gas
Capsule with intubate, air bag encloses and is set as fixing air chamber；
(8) two in step (7) fix and offer injecting hole on air chamber, and respectively with step (3)
In air injection pipe combine；
Wherein, injecting hole is opened on fixation balloon, and aperture is 4mm；Air injection pipe is along intubating to extension
Stretch.
(9) 5 suction holes are offered at the dorsal part that intubates near each fixation balloon upper edge；
Wherein, suction hole aperture 1mm, 5 described suction holes become increased radioactivity in intubating dorsal part
60 ° in the range of, adapt to horizontal position patient；
(10) curved pipe of step (3) gained suction tube is cut vertically a part, then will
What curved pipe was incorporated into suction hole position intubates on inwall, and straight tube is along intubating outside inwall extends and extend and intubate；
(11) connect anchor tip in the outer end intubated, complete double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula
Preparation.
The embodiment of the present invention two also provides for the using method of a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, bag
Include following steps:
(1) surface smear anesthetic and the lubricant of thick 0.1～1mm are being intubated；
(2) will intubate in insertion patient airway, and then utilize and intubate fixed-wing by tracheostomy cannula
Fixing；
(3) wherein an air injection pipe will be connected with syringe, inject in a fixing air chamber wherein
8ml (depending on chamber size between trachea cannula and tracheae) low-pressure gas, makes fixation balloon fully expand, so
After remove syringe, gas unnecessary in releasing fixation balloon, make the air pressure in fixing air chamber and atmospheric pressure etc.
With, it is ensured that fixation balloon and patient airway's mucosal contact but no pressure, folder closes air injection pipe；
(4) anchor tip intubated is connected with lung ventilator, starts mechanical ventilation, during inspiratory phase, exhales
Suction machine is supplied gas, and air flue internal pressure raises, and the gas of about 7ml, in passage flow to air bag, makes safety
Air bag expansion, the gas in the fixing air chamber of extruding, make fixation balloon more press close to tunica mucosa tracheae, because of fixing gas
Being low-pressure gas in capsule, so pressure will not be excessive, the compressing to tunica mucosa tracheae is little；(fix gas in theory
Capsule puts on the airway pressure of the pressure≤mechanical ventilation on tunica mucosa tracheae) patient expiration's phase time, airway pressure
Declining, the gas discharge that substitute is indoor, air bag bounces back, the fixation balloon oppressive force to tunica mucosa tracheae
Before being down to mechanical ventilation, breathing non-malleation if being provided with, fixation balloon is to the oppressive force≤breathing of tunica mucosa tracheae not
Malleation, and less than pressure during inspiratory phase；Each respiratory, during air-breathing when tunica mucosa tracheae pressurized, expiration
Tunica mucosa tracheae not pressurized, can prevent double-layer air bag compressing from causing tunica mucosa tracheae downright bad, air bag can be avoided again anti-
Fill again, bleed air operation.
(5) when having secretion to gather between glottis and fixation balloon, by suction tube and vacuum extractor
Connecting, sucking-off glottis is down to the secretion above fixation balloon, if secretion is the most sticky, and can be first with note
Emitter, through suction tube injecting normal saline in patient airway, attracts after being diluted by secretion again；
(6) intubate and be provided with two double-layer air bag, at interval of 3～5 hours, take turns to two
Fixation balloon inflation, venting, it is ensured that tunica mucosa tracheae has the sufficient time of having a rest；
(7) before extracting tracheostomy cannula, first with vacuum extractor and suction tube sucking-off glottis
Secretion above fixation balloon, then utilizes syringe to be evacuated by fixing air chamber, releases patient's oral area
Intubate the fixing of fixed-wing, extract tracheostomy cannula.
Embodiment three: the embodiment of the present invention three prepares double-deck gas as shown in Figure 1 by following method
Capsule tracheostomy cannula, step is as follows:
(1) by 3000g medical grade silicon rubber, 150g copper series antibacterial agent, 150g quinolones,
1500g diisononyl phthalate, 240g calcium stearate, 150g rare-earth stabilizer and 900g chloroacetic acid
Ethene fat mixes in proportion in high-speed mixer, makes composite；
(2) composite is placed in plastic extruder, extrudes also at a temperature of 150～180 DEG C
Use pelleter pelletizing, obtain medical antibacterial plastic grain；
(3) step (2) gained medical antibacterial plastic grain is placed in extruder, by extruding
Cooling method extrusion intubates, air injection pipe and have the suction tube of curved pipe and straight tube, then will intubate wherein
One end is whittled into wedge shape, forms the insertion end intubated；
Wherein, internal diameter 10mm, the wall thickness 1mm intubated described in；The internal diameter 5mm of described air injection pipe,
Wall thickness 0.3mm；The internal diameter 5mm of described suction tube, wall thickness 0.2mm.
(4) two circle passages are being processed near the interval on tube wall that intubates inserting end；
Wherein, often circle includes the passage of the most uniform 8 1mm.
(5) by 2000g medical grade polyvinyl chloride, 100g copper series antibacterial agent, 100g quinolones
Extrude through extruder after mixing by a certain percentage with 1000g aramid fiber, make enhancement mode medical anti-
Bacterium property plastics, are subsequently placed on blow moulding apparatus two fixation balloons of shaping and two air bags；
Wherein, the wall thickness 0.1mm of described fixation balloon, capacity 10ml；The wall thickness of air bag
0.1mm, capacity 2ml；Fixation balloon and air bag are low pressure height and hold air bag.
(6) respectively corresponding for two air bags two circle passages are incorporated into described in the outside that intubates；
(7) respectively two fixation balloon correspondences are incorporated into the outside of two air bags, fixing gas
Capsule with intubate, air bag encloses and is set as fixing air chamber；
(8) two in step (7) fix and offer injecting hole on air chamber, and respectively with step (3)
In air injection pipe combine；
Wherein, injecting hole is opened on fixation balloon, and aperture is 5mm；Air injection pipe is along intubating to extension
Stretch.
(9) 5 suction holes are offered at the dorsal part that intubates near each fixation balloon upper edge；
Wherein, suction hole aperture 1mm, 5 described suction holes become increased radioactivity in intubating dorsal part
60 ° in the range of, adapt to horizontal position patient；
(10) curved pipe of step (3) gained suction tube is cut vertically a part, then will
What curved pipe was incorporated into suction hole position intubates on inwall, and straight tube is along intubating outside inwall extends and extend and intubate；
(11) connect anchor tip in the outer end intubated, complete double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula
Preparation.
The embodiment of the present invention three also provides for the using method of a kind of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, bag
Include following steps:
(1) surface smear anesthetic and the lubricant of thick 0.1～1mm are being intubated；
(2) will intubate in insertion patient airway, and then utilize and intubate fixed-wing by tracheostomy cannula
Fixing；
(3) wherein an air injection pipe will be connected with syringe, inject in a fixing air chamber wherein
10ml (depending on chamber size between trachea cannula and tracheae) low-pressure gas, makes fixation balloon fully expand,
Then syringe is removed, gas unnecessary in releasing fixation balloon, make the air pressure in fixing air chamber and atmospheric pressure
Equivalent, it is ensured that fixation balloon and patient airway's mucosal contact but no pressure, folder closes air injection pipe；
(4) anchor tip intubated is connected with lung ventilator, starts mechanical ventilation, during inspiratory phase, exhales
Suction machine is supplied gas, and air flue internal pressure raises, and the gas of about 7ml, in passage flow to air bag, makes safety
Air bag expansion, the gas in the fixing air chamber of extruding, make fixation balloon more press close to tunica mucosa tracheae, because of fixing gas
Being low-pressure gas in capsule, so pressure will not be excessive, the compressing to tunica mucosa tracheae is little；(fix gas in theory
Capsule puts on the airway pressure of the pressure≤mechanical ventilation on tunica mucosa tracheae) patient expiration's phase time, airway pressure
Declining, the gas discharge that substitute is indoor, air bag bounces back, the fixation balloon oppressive force to tunica mucosa tracheae
Before being down to mechanical ventilation, breathing non-malleation if being provided with, fixation balloon is to the oppressive force≤breathing of tunica mucosa tracheae not
Malleation, and less than pressure during inspiratory phase；Each respiratory, during air-breathing when tunica mucosa tracheae pressurized, expiration
Tunica mucosa tracheae not pressurized, can prevent double-layer air bag compressing from causing tunica mucosa tracheae downright bad, air bag can be avoided again anti-
Fill again, bleed air operation.
(5) when having secretion to gather between glottis and fixation balloon, by suction tube and vacuum extractor
Connecting, sucking-off glottis is down to the secretion above fixation balloon, if secretion is the most sticky, and can be first with note
Emitter, through suction tube injecting normal saline in patient airway, attracts after being diluted by secretion again；
(6) intubate and be provided with two double-layer air bag, at interval of 3～5 hours, take turns to two
Fixation balloon inflation, venting, it is ensured that tunica mucosa tracheae has the sufficient time of having a rest；
(7) before extracting tracheostomy cannula, first with vacuum extractor and suction tube sucking-off glottis
Secretion above fixation balloon, then utilizes syringe to be evacuated by fixing air chamber, releases patient's oral area
Intubate the fixing of fixed-wing, extract tracheostomy cannula.
The present invention arranges double-layer air bag intubating insertion end, reduces the impact of same position long-time pressurized
Local blood circulates, causes the chance of airway mucus necrosis；Meanwhile, double-layer air bag can make whole air flue always
It is in air-tight state, maintains mechanical ventilation to be normally carried out.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the art
For those of ordinary skill, on the premise of without departing from principle of the present invention, it is also possible to make some improvement
Or replace, these improve or replace and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) by 100 weight portion macromolecular materials, 0.1～5 parts by weight of inorganic antiseptics, 0.5
～5 weight portion slow releasing pharmaceuticals, 30～60 parts by weight of plasticizer, 3～8 weight portion lubricating modification agent, 2～5 weight portion stabilizer and 10～30 weight portion impact modifying agents mix in proportion, make composite；
(2) composite is placed in plastic extruder, extrudes at a temperature of 150～180 DEG C and use pelleter pelletizing, obtain medical antibacterial plastic grain；
(3) by step (2)
Gained medical antibacterial plastic grain is placed in extruder, is intubated by extruding cooling method extrusion, air injection pipe and have the suction tube of curved pipe and straight tube, then the wherein one end intubated is whittled into wedge shape, forms the insertion end intubated；
(4) two circle passages are being processed near the interval on tube wall that intubates inserting end；
(5) by 100 weight portion macromolecular materials, 0.1～5 parts by weight of inorganic antiseptics, 0.5
～5 weight portion slow releasing pharmaceutical and 20～50 weight portion plastics reinforcing agents mix by a certain percentage after extrude through extruder, make enhancement mode medical antibacterial plastics, be subsequently placed on blow moulding apparatus two fixation balloons of shaping and two air bags；
(6) respectively corresponding for two air bags two circle passages are incorporated into described in the outside that intubates, described air bag with described intubate to enclose be set as safe air chamber；
(7) respectively two fixation balloon correspondences are incorporated into the outside of two air bags, fixation balloon with intubate, air bag encloses and is set as fixing air chamber；
(8) in step (7)
In two fix and on air chamber, offer injecting hole, and combine with the air injection pipe in step (3) respectively；
(9) 3～5 suction holes are being offered on tube wall near intubating of fixation balloon upper edge；
(10) by step (3)
The curved pipe of gained suction tube cuts a part vertically, and what then curved pipe be incorporated into suction hole position intubates on inwall, and straight tube is along intubating outside inwall extends and extend and intubate；
(11) connect anchor tip in the outer end intubated, complete the preparation of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula.
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula include described in intubate, be sleeved on successively described in intubate outer described air bag and described fixation balloon；
Described safe air chamber, connects with the described endoporus intubated；
Described fixing air chamber is connected with described air injection pipe.
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, intubate tube wall described in neighbouring described fixation balloon top edge and be provided with suction hole group, intubate described in being located on dorsal part, same cross section along the circumferential direction in the range of 60 ° 3～5 described suction holes of distribution form.
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 3～5 described suction holes line, increased radioactivity in the range of the 30 of both sides ° centered by the described ridge line intubated.
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, 3～5 described suction holes are connected with same described suction tube, described suction tube includes that the plan shape being connected is in intubating the outward extending described straight tube of inwall described in the described described curved pipe intubated on inwall and edge, described curved pipe is across 3～5 described suction holes, and connects with each described suction hole.
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tube wall that intubates in described air bag is provided with 6～8 described passages, described safe air chamber is connected with the described endoporus intubated by described passage.
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described macromolecular material is one or more mixtures in medical grade polyvinyl chloride, medical grade polyvinyl, medical grade polyurethane, medical grade polyamide, medical grade silicon rubber and medical grade polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
The preparation method of double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described slow releasing pharmaceutical is one or more mixtures in quinolones, cephalosporins, PCs, aminoglycosides and glycopeptide.
9. according to the preparation method of the double-layer air bag tracheostomy cannula described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described in intubate the position corresponding with patient's oral area and be set with and intubate fixed-wing.
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| WO2017035836A1 (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2017-03-09 | 黄俊荣 | Method for manufacturing endotracheal intubation tube and endotracheal intubation tube |
| CN109260559A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-25 | 厦门仁人医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of tracheal inserting device |
| CN110420372B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-11-12 | 河南科技大学第一附属医院 | Trachea cannula |
| CN110812645B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-02-28 | 浦易(上海)生物技术股份有限公司 | Tracheostomy tube and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113855965A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 北京万生人和科技有限公司 | Artificial airway |
| CN111938724A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 民勤县人民医院 | Obstetric apparatus for pelvic region of obstetrics and gynecology department |
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