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CN103744021A - Apparatus and method for motor fault monitoring - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for motor fault monitoring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103744021A
CN103744021A CN201310717288.XA CN201310717288A CN103744021A CN 103744021 A CN103744021 A CN 103744021A CN 201310717288 A CN201310717288 A CN 201310717288A CN 103744021 A CN103744021 A CN 103744021A
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China
Prior art keywords
sound
motor
temporal signatures
unit
electrical fault
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CN201310717288.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
温良
孟庆勇
魏峰
李宗伟
贾晓娣
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China Coal Research Institute CCRI
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China Coal Research Institute CCRI
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Priority to CN201310717288.XA priority Critical patent/CN103744021A/en
Publication of CN103744021A publication Critical patent/CN103744021A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides an apparatus and method for motor fault monitoring. A sound collection unit is used for periodically collecting sound information sent out from the inside of a tested motor. An information processing unit is used for extracting a time domain feature and a frequency domain feature of the sound information. An alarm control unit is used for comparing the time domain feature with a preset sound time domain feature and the frequency domain feature with a preset sound frequency domain feature and determining whether the tested motor has a fault or not according to the comparison results; and when the fault of the tested motor is determined, an alarm signal is generated. A communication unit is used for sending the alarm signal generated by the alarm control unit to external equipment. Therefore, the function of real-time monitoring on the running state of the motor is realized.

Description

A kind of electrical fault supervising device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to fault diagnosis technology, relate in particular to a kind of electrical fault supervising device and method.
Background technology
In motor use procedure, often because a variety of causes such as overload load, overload voltage, mechanical fault, environmental images and misoperation break down or potential faults, if do not got rid of, will there is industrial accident in so so long-term use, therefore, the failure monitoring in motor use procedure seems particularly important.
Existing electrical fault method for supervising normally testing staff utilizes failure diagnosis apparatus to carry out fault diagnosis to the motor in use, for example utilize vibration diagnosis equipment, by the vibration frequency of motor, judge whether motor exists fault, but the method too relies on testing staff's operation, when motor has broken down or during potential faults, may be because testing staff does not detect and causes motor to damage this motor in time, cause economic loss, so the method can not realize, the state of motor is carried out to the function of monitoring in real time.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of electrical fault supervising device and method, to realize, motor operating state is carried out to the function of monitoring in real time.
The embodiment of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of electrical fault supervising device, comprising:
Sound collection unit, the acoustic information sending for periodically gathering tested motor internal;
Information process unit, is connected with described sound collection unit, for extracting temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of described acoustic information;
Controlling alarm unit, be connected with described information process unit, for described temporal signatures and default sound temporal signatures and described frequency domain character and default sound audio characteristic of field are contrasted, and described by whether fault of measured motor according to comparing result judgement, when judging described tested electrical fault, generate alerting signal;
Communication unit, is connected with described controlling alarm unit, for the described alerting signal that described controlling alarm unit is generated, is sent to external unit.
A kind of electrical fault method for supervising, comprising:
By sound collection unit, periodically gather the acoustic information that tested motor internal sends;
Information process unit extracts temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of described acoustic information;
Controlling alarm unit contrasts described temporal signatures and default sound temporal signatures and described frequency domain character and default sound audio characteristic of field, and described by whether fault of measured motor according to comparing result judgement, when judging described tested electrical fault, generate alerting signal;
The described alerting signal that communication unit generates described controlling alarm unit is sent to external unit.
Electrical fault supervising device and method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, acoustic information while moving by gathering motor, therefrom extract time domain and frequency domain character, in real time this feature and default feature are contrasted to judge whether motor exists fault, and when breaking down and alerting signal is sent to outer monitoring terminal on the spot, realized motor operating state has been carried out to the function of monitoring in real time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading the detailed description that non-limiting example is done of doing with reference to the following drawings, it is more obvious that other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become:
Fig. 1 is a kind of electrical fault supervising device structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is a kind of electrical fault supervising device structural representation with sound insulation shell that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the electrical fault supervising device structural representation of the another kind that provides of the embodiment of the present invention with sound insulation shell;
Fig. 4 is a kind of electrical fault method for supervising process flow diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.Be understandable that, specific embodiment described herein is only for explaining the present invention, but not limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that, for convenience of description, in accompanying drawing, only show part related to the present invention but not full content.
Fig. 1 is a kind of electrical fault supervising device structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
As shown in Figure 1, electrical fault supervising device comprises: sound collection unit 11, information process unit 12, controlling alarm unit 13 and communication unit 14.
The acoustic information that sound collection unit 11 is sent for periodically gathering tested motor internal.The electrical fault supervising device that the present embodiment provides is arranged on outside motor, and described sound collection unit 11 can be a kind of sound transducer, and the voice signal receiving is converted to electric signal, obtains the acoustic information of tested motor internal.Sound collection unit 11 gathers the cycle of acoustic information, can be according to being adjusted by the actual conditions of measured motor, it can be for example the section sometime of every day, collection period depends primarily on the failure rate of motor, can adjust collection period according to the rate of breakdown of a certain motor, economize on resources most and the most effective acquisition time seeking.
Information process unit 12 is connected with described sound collection unit 11, for extracting temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of the described acoustic information that sound collection unit 11 gathers.Voice signal is converted to after electric signal by sound collection unit 11, information process unit 12 obtains time domain and the frequency domain character of acoustic information by processing such as the amplification to signal, filtering, A/D conversion and frequency transformations, this is because electric signal itself has frequency-domain and time-domain characteristic.A kind of coordinate system of setting up when the temporal signatures of electric signal describes the characteristic of signal aspect the time cycle, this coordinate system represents the change procedure of Dynamic Signal take time shaft as coordinate; A kind of coordinate system of setting up when the frequency domain character of electric signal describes the characteristic of signal aspect frequency, the independent variable of this coordinate system is frequency, and transverse axis is frequency, and the longitudinal axis is the amplitude of this frequency signal.Extracting temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of acoustic information, is to calculate signal intensity rule over time, and to find out signal be synthetic by the signal of which single-frequency.The frequency domain characteristic of signal can be converted to by calculating by time domain specification, transforms from the time domain to frequency field and mainly by fourier series and Fourier transform, realizes, and periodic signal is by fourier series, and nonperiodic signal is by Fourier transform.
Controlling alarm unit 13 is connected with described information process unit 12, for described temporal signatures and default sound temporal signatures and described frequency domain character and default sound audio characteristic of field are contrasted, and described by whether fault of measured motor according to comparing result judgement, when judging described tested electrical fault, generate alerting signal.
Wherein, described default sound temporal signatures can be the sound temporal signatures that benchmark motor is normal operation, described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
Correspondingly, described tested electrical fault can, specifically for when described comparing result being sound temporal signatures, described frequency domain character that described temporal signatures does not meet the normal operation of described benchmark motor while not meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, be judged in described controlling alarm unit 13.
Described benchmark motor refer to by the identical motor of measured motor, as default sound temporal signatures, default sound audio characteristic of field can be from model with by the identical motor of measured motor, detected and obtain.At this motor, extract temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of its acoustic information during in complete normal operating conditions, using this feature as one group of default feature, sound characteristic when this default character representation motor is normal, sound characteristic and this normal sound feature that controlling alarm unit 13 use motors are current contrast, if the two there are differences, represent that the current existence of motor is abnormal, can be judged to be to break down, then generate alerting signal.Due to same motor, be subject to the image of service time and environment for use, even same motor is also difficult to guarantee that its sound time domain, frequency domain character having while normally working is under any circumstance in full accord, so generally more predeterminable difference threshold values also, when having exceeded difference threshold values, the difference of the existence of the sound characteristic information collecting and default feature is just judged to be to break down, then send alerting signal, avoid difference by a small margin to cause wrong report.
Above-mentioned example be sound characteristic when benchmark motor normally moves as one group of reference value, as by the standard of the normal operation of measured motor, when not being inconsistent with normal standard value by the current sound characteristic of measured motor, can judging and be broken down by measured motor is current.
Or described default sound temporal signatures can be the sound temporal signatures of benchmark electrical fault, described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
Correspondingly, described tested electrical fault can, specifically for when described comparing result being described temporal signatures when meeting the sound temporal signatures of described benchmark electrical fault and described frequency domain character and meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, be judged in described controlling alarm unit 13.
For example, feature by daily record and motor can be learnt, motor has some known, typical fault, so the sound characteristic producing when also motor can be worked under typical fault state is as default characteristic information, when the sound characteristic of the feature that sound possessed of being sent by measured motor during with certain typical fault conforms to, can be judged to be this motor this known fault has occurred.Use the mechanism of above-mentioned two kinds of fault verification both can monitor motor generation typical fault and also can monitor motor unknown fault occurs, some threshold values can be set equally when contrast characteristic's information, to dwindle decision errors.
Communication unit 14 is connected with described controlling alarm unit 13, for the described alerting signal that described controlling alarm unit 13 is generated, is sent to external unit.In order to realize remote monitoring, supervising device need to send to monitor terminal by warning message by communication unit 14, so that monitor terminal is learnt a certain motor, fault has occurred.
Exemplary, described communication unit 14 can be specifically for being sent to external unit by wireless transmission method by described alerting signal.In the residing environment difference of motor of use, under some environment, be not easy to arrange circuit, by the mode of radio communication, transmit alerting signal and can save the installation cost of equipment.
Exemplary, described controlling alarm unit 13 also, for when judging described tested electrical fault, generates the control signal for reporting to the police, and described device also comprises: alarm, be connected with described controlling alarm unit 13, for reporting to the police under the control of described control signal.Some motor needs out of service or repairing in time timely when breaking down, itself is provided with alarm supervising device, can respond the alarm control signal that alert control module sends, when motor alarm device very first time of breaking down, send sound and light alarm action, near the operating personnel making can process in time.
The electrical fault supervising device that the present embodiment provides, acoustic information while gathering motor operation by sound collection unit 11, use information process unit 12 therefrom to extract time domain and frequency domain character, use controlling alarm unit 13 in real time this feature and default feature to be contrasted to judge whether motor exists fault, and by communication unit 14, alerting signal is sent to outer monitoring terminal when breaking down and on the spot, can also utilize alarm to report to the police at the scene, realized motor operating state is carried out to the function of monitoring in real time simultaneously.
Fig. 2 is a kind of electrical fault supervising device structural representation with sound insulation shell that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
As shown in Figure 2, with the electrical fault supervising device of sound insulation shell, comprise: tut collecting unit 11, above-mentioned information process unit 12, above-mentioned controlling alarm unit 13 and above-mentioned communication unit 14, described device also comprises: sound insulation shell 21.
Described sound collection unit 11 is arranged in described sound insulation shell 21, and described sound insulation shell is provided with opening, the acoustic information that described sound collection unit 11 is sent by measured motor by described opening part collection.Due to the working environment situation more complicated of motor, except the sound of motor itself, supervising device also can be subject to the image of background sound around, and these background sounds can increase the noise of voice signal, affect the extraction of sound characteristic information.So the supervising device of the present embodiment is provided with a sound insulation shell 21, sound collection unit 11 is placed in sound insulation shell 21, the opening part of sound insulation shell 21 is connected with tested motor seal ground, to reduce external sound, imports into.
Described sound insulation shell 21 is also provided with through hole, and the connecting line between described sound collection unit 11 and described information process unit 12 is through described through hole.Because sound collection unit need to be connected with information process unit 12, in the time of within sound collection unit is placed in sound insulation shell 21, line between them just need to be through the through hole on sound insulation shell, and in order to guarantee soundproof effect, this threading place takes encapsulation process equally.
Fig. 3 is the electrical fault supervising device structural representation of the another kind that provides of the embodiment of the present invention with sound insulation shell.
Exemplary, as shown in Figure 3, also tut collecting unit 11, above-mentioned information process unit 12, above-mentioned controlling alarm unit 13 and above-mentioned communication unit 14 all can be arranged in sound insulation shell 31, described sound insulation shell 31 is made by nonmetallic materials.The present embodiment is all arranged on all parts of device in sound insulation shell 31, because communication unit 14 may need to adopt the external transmitt or receive signal of communication, in order to guarantee not conductively-closed of signal, sound insulation shell 31 is used nonmetallic materials to make, as polythene material, tempered glass material etc., the present embodiment has been simplified the structure of device, and makes soundproof effect better.
Fig. 4 is a kind of electrical fault method for supervising process flow diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
The method for supervising of electrical fault as shown in Figure 4 can be realized by above-mentioned electrical fault supervising device, and the method comprises:
Step 41, periodically gathers by sound collection unit the acoustic information that tested motor internal sends;
Step 42, information process unit extracts temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of described acoustic information;
Step 43, controlling alarm unit contrasts described temporal signatures and default sound temporal signatures and described frequency domain character and default sound audio characteristic of field, and described by whether fault of measured motor according to comparing result judgement, when judging described tested electrical fault, generate alerting signal;
Step 44, the described alerting signal that communication unit generates described controlling alarm unit is sent to external unit.
Exemplary, according to comparing result judgement, described by measured motor, whether fault specifically comprises in described controlling alarm unit:
Described default sound temporal signatures is that benchmark motor is the sound temporal signatures of normal operation, and described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
When described comparing result is sound temporal signatures, described frequency domain character that described temporal signatures does not meet the normal operation of described benchmark motor while not meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, judge described tested electrical fault;
Or described default sound temporal signatures is the sound temporal signatures of benchmark electrical fault, described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
When described comparing result is described temporal signatures when meeting the sound temporal signatures of described benchmark electrical fault and described frequency domain character and meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, judge described tested electrical fault.
Exemplary, described method also comprises:
When described tested electrical fault is judged in described controlling alarm unit, generate the control signal for reporting to the police; Alarm is reported to the police under the control of described control signal.
The electrical fault method for supervising that the present embodiment provides, acoustic information while moving by gathering motor, and therefrom extract time domain and frequency domain character, in real time this feature and default feature are contrasted to judge whether motor exists fault, and when breaking down and alerting signal is sent to outer monitoring terminal on the spot, can also report to the police at the scene, realized motor operating state is carried out to the function of monitoring in real time simultaneously.
Above are only preferred embodiment of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.The invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art various obvious variations, readjust and substitute and can not depart from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although the present invention is described in further detail by above embodiment, the present invention is not limited only to above embodiment, in the situation that not departing from the present invention's design, can also comprise more other equivalent embodiment, and scope of the present invention is determined by appended claim scope.

Claims (10)

1. an electrical fault supervising device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Sound collection unit, the acoustic information sending for periodically gathering tested motor internal;
Information process unit, is connected with described sound collection unit, for extracting temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of described acoustic information;
Controlling alarm unit, be connected with described information process unit, for described temporal signatures and default sound temporal signatures and described frequency domain character and default sound audio characteristic of field are contrasted, and described by whether fault of measured motor according to comparing result judgement, when judging described tested electrical fault, generate alerting signal;
Communication unit, is connected with described controlling alarm unit, for the described alerting signal that described controlling alarm unit is generated, is sent to external unit.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described communication unit is specifically for being sent to external unit by wireless transmission method by described alerting signal.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described default sound temporal signatures is that benchmark motor is the sound temporal signatures of normal operation, described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
Described tested electrical fault, specifically for when described comparing result being sound temporal signatures, described frequency domain character that described temporal signatures does not meet the normal operation of described benchmark motor while not meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, is judged in described controlling alarm unit.
Or described default sound temporal signatures is the sound temporal signatures of benchmark electrical fault, described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
Described tested electrical fault, specifically for when described comparing result being described temporal signatures when meeting the sound temporal signatures of described benchmark electrical fault and described frequency domain character and meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, is judged in described controlling alarm unit.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described controlling alarm unit also, for when judging described tested electrical fault, generates the control signal for reporting to the police;
Described device also comprises:
Alarm, is connected with described controlling alarm unit, for reporting to the police under the control of described control signal.
5. according to the device described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises: sound insulation shell;
Described sound sensor unit is arranged in described sound insulation shell, and described sound insulation shell is provided with opening, and described sound sensor unit gathers by described opening part the acoustic information that described tested motor internal sends.
6. device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described sound insulation shell is also provided with through hole, and the connecting line between described sound sensor unit and described information process unit is through described through hole.
7. device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described information process unit, described controlling alarm unit and described communication unit are arranged in described sound insulation shell, and described sound insulation shell is made by nonmetallic materials.
8. an electrical fault method for supervising, is characterized in that, comprising:
By sound collection unit, periodically gather the acoustic information that tested motor internal sends;
Information process unit extracts temporal signatures and the frequency domain character of described acoustic information;
Controlling alarm unit contrasts described temporal signatures and default sound temporal signatures and described frequency domain character and default sound audio characteristic of field, and described by whether fault of measured motor according to comparing result judgement, when judging described tested electrical fault, generate alerting signal;
The described alerting signal that communication unit generates described controlling alarm unit is sent to external unit.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, according to comparing result judgement, described by measured motor, whether fault specifically comprises in described controlling alarm unit:
Described default sound temporal signatures is that benchmark motor is the sound temporal signatures of normal operation, and described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
When described comparing result is sound temporal signatures, described frequency domain character that described temporal signatures does not meet the normal operation of described benchmark motor while not meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of the normal operation of described benchmark motor, judge described tested electrical fault;
Or described default sound temporal signatures is the sound temporal signatures of benchmark electrical fault, described default sound audio characteristic of field is the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, described benchmark motor with described by measured motor, be similar motor;
When described comparing result is described temporal signatures when meeting the sound temporal signatures of described benchmark electrical fault and described frequency domain character and meeting the sound audio characteristic of field of described benchmark electrical fault, judge described tested electrical fault.
10. method according to claim 8 or claim 9, is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
When described tested electrical fault is judged in described controlling alarm unit, generate the control signal for reporting to the police;
Alarm is reported to the police under the control of described control signal.
CN201310717288.XA 2013-12-23 2013-12-23 Apparatus and method for motor fault monitoring Pending CN103744021A (en)

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