CN103722141B - A kind of rapid solidification prepares method and the device of sheet metal strip - Google Patents
A kind of rapid solidification prepares method and the device of sheet metal strip Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种快速凝固制备金属带材的方法及装置，冷却体采用封闭环形金属冷却带，其包绕在驱动辊和从动辊上，并随之运动；在驱动辊和从动辊之间设有内凹支撑体，通过内凹支撑体的凹面支撑环形金属冷却带的上半周，形成一内凹冷却面；环形金属冷却带在驱动辊的带动下运动；盛载熔融金属液的坩埚置于内凹冷却面的上方，熔融金属液喷射到内凹冷却面上，由运动的环形金属冷却带拖曳并在离心力的作用下铺展成金属薄带，迅速冷却，实现快速凝固成形。本发明在内凹冷却面上利用离心力使金属液获得贴辊力，大幅度改善和提升金属液在冷却表面的铺展性和金属液与冷却表面的接触时间，可生产的快凝薄带无长度限制，生产工艺简单。
The invention relates to a method and device for preparing metal strip by rapid solidification. The cooling body adopts a closed annular metal cooling belt, which is wrapped around a driving roller and a driven roller and moves accordingly; between the driving roller and the driven roller There is a concave support body in between, and the upper half of the annular metal cooling belt is supported by the concave surface of the concave support body to form a concave cooling surface; the annular metal cooling belt moves under the drive of the driving roller; the crucible containing molten metal Placed above the concave cooling surface, the molten metal is sprayed onto the concave cooling surface, dragged by the moving annular metal cooling belt and spread into a thin metal strip under the action of centrifugal force, cooling rapidly to achieve rapid solidification and forming. The invention utilizes the centrifugal force on the inner concave cooling surface to make the molten metal obtain rolling force, greatly improves and enhances the spreadability of the molten metal on the cooling surface and the contact time between the molten metal and the cooling surface, and the fast-setting thin strips that can be produced have no length limited, and the production process is simple.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于金属快速凝固的技术领域，具体地说是一种快速凝固制备金属带材的方法及装置。 The invention belongs to the technical field of rapid solidification of metals, in particular to a method and device for preparing metal strips by rapid solidification.
背景技术 Background technique
金属快速凝固技术自出现以来已获得了快速的发展，快速凝固过程能获得极高的冷却速率，大幅度改善了液态金属凝固后的组织和性能，早期的快凝技术用于获得快速凝固的金属薄片，目前该技术已能实现金属粉末、细线材和薄带的生产制备，从而得到了广泛的应用。其中快速凝固薄带既可以作为直接成形的最终产品应用，也可以对其进一步进行轧制等后续加工，已成为快速凝固技术最主要的应用领域。薄带快凝技术工艺方案因结晶器的不同主要分为辊式（单辊法和双辊法）与辊带式等。 Metal rapid solidification technology has developed rapidly since its appearance. The rapid solidification process can obtain extremely high cooling rates, which greatly improves the structure and properties of liquid metals after solidification. The early rapid solidification technology was used to obtain rapidly solidified metals. Thin sheet, the technology has been able to realize the production and preparation of metal powder, thin wire and thin strip at present, so it has been widely used. Among them, the rapid solidification thin strip can be used as the final product of direct forming, or it can be further processed such as rolling, which has become the most important application field of rapid solidification technology. The technical scheme of thin strip fast setting technology is mainly divided into roll type (single roll method and double roll method) and roll belt type due to different crystallizers.
单辊法（熔体自旋法），采用高速旋转的激冷圆辊将合金液流铺展成液膜并在激冷作用下实现快速凝固，由于该方法原理简单且设备投资少，目前应用最广泛。但单辊法存在显著的缺陷——1.在非真空环境下生产时，辊子高速转动带来的辊面风对喷射液流造成严重影响，导致工艺过程不稳定，因此，需要采用单辊片状流法，依靠严格控制喷嘴与辊面的间隙（100~300μm）来实现稳定的出流成带，对装置制造与调整要求极其严格；2.金属液接触到辊子外圆面后，立刻受到离心力的作用，在辊面停留时间很短即被甩离，难以强化冷却效果。 The single-roll method (melt spin method), uses a high-speed rotating chilled roller to spread the alloy liquid into a liquid film and realizes rapid solidification under the action of chilling. Due to the simple principle of this method and low equipment investment, it is currently the most widely used method. widely. However, there are significant defects in the single-roll method - 1. When producing in a non-vacuum environment, the wind on the roller surface caused by the high-speed rotation of the roller has a serious impact on the jet liquid flow, resulting in an unstable process. Therefore, it is necessary to use a single-roll sheet The shape flow method relies on strictly controlling the gap between the nozzle and the roller surface (100~300μm) to achieve stable outflow and belt formation, and has extremely strict requirements for device manufacturing and adjustment; Due to the effect of centrifugal force, the roller stays on the surface for a short time and is thrown away, making it difficult to strengthen the cooling effect.
为减小离心力的这种不利影响，又提出了利用辊子的内圆面制备快凝带的方法，如中国发明专利200410009581.1公开了一种快速凝固制备非晶薄带的方法,首先将冷却体设计成滚筒环形,熔池置于冷却体环内,熔融的液体垂直喷射到滚筒内壁；然后,在冷却体环内安装一弹性旋转轴,轴外周涂少许粘液,以粘住最初的薄带,轴以一定的速度旋转,将产生的薄带绕在轴上;根据内环与旋转轴的半径比,调节两者的相对转速,使喷射与绕带同时进行;最后将旋转轴抽出冷却体,获得快凝薄带。其采用滚筒环形冷却体，利用滚筒的内壁进行冷却，但要获得宽而长的快凝带，要求滚筒的长度和直径都要足够大，为获得光滑的快凝带表面，要求滚筒内壁表面必须精磨，而且，每工作一段时间还必须对滚筒内壁冷却面进行精磨和清理，导致制造、维护难度都很大，并且必须在滚筒内部安装薄带卷曲装置，使用操作均有不便，另一方面，一个大直径又较长的空心滚筒要实现稳定高速转动，也存在较多的困难。 In order to reduce this adverse effect of centrifugal force, a method of using the inner surface of the roller to prepare a fast-setting belt has been proposed. For example, Chinese invention patent 200410009581.1 discloses a method for preparing an amorphous thin belt by rapid solidification. First, the cooling body is designed Form a drum ring, the molten pool is placed in the cooling body ring, and the molten liquid is sprayed vertically to the inner wall of the drum; then, an elastic rotating shaft is installed in the cooling body ring, and a little mucus is coated on the outer circumference of the shaft to stick to the initial thin strip, and the shaft Rotate at a certain speed, wind the thin strip produced on the shaft; adjust the relative speed of the two according to the radius ratio of the inner ring and the rotating shaft, so that the spraying and winding are carried out at the same time; finally, the rotating shaft is pulled out of the cooling body to obtain Fast setting thin strip. It adopts the drum annular cooling body, and uses the inner wall of the drum for cooling. However, to obtain a wide and long fast-setting zone, the length and diameter of the drum must be large enough. In order to obtain a smooth surface of the fast-setting zone, the surface of the inner wall of the drum must be Fine grinding, and the cooling surface of the inner wall of the drum must be finely ground and cleaned every period of time, resulting in great difficulty in manufacturing and maintenance, and a thin strip curling device must be installed inside the drum, which is inconvenient to use and operate. On the one hand, there are many difficulties in realizing stable high-speed rotation of a large-diameter and long hollow drum.
为适应宽带生产，又有人提出双辊法，使金属液在两辊之间的缝隙中完成凝固而获得快凝薄带，该法可以生产较宽的薄带且生产效率较高，目前在薄带连铸生产中获得了广泛的应用。但该方法存在明显的不足：一是金属液的侧封问题，生产实践表明，因侧封引起的连铸失败几率达到60％以上，且侧封材料的消耗占薄带坯生产成本的20％以上，提高了生产成本且破坏了生产过程的稳定性；另一方面，实验结果证明双辊法能达到的冷却速度不够理想，存在生产效率与薄带品质控制的矛盾，要提高生产效率，就需要提升熔池液面高度以延长金属液与辊面的接触范围（即有效冷却距离），但液位的提高直接带来了偏析严重、侧封更加困难、凝固终止点难以控制等问题，导致薄带坯的品质变差。 In order to adapt to wide-band production, a double-roll method was proposed to make the molten metal solidify in the gap between the two rolls to obtain a fast-setting thin strip. This method can produce wider thin strips and has higher production efficiency. It has been widely used in continuous casting production. But there are obvious deficiencies in this method: first, the problem of side sealing of molten metal. Production practice shows that the probability of continuous casting failure caused by side sealing reaches more than 60%, and the consumption of side sealing materials accounts for 20% of the production cost of thin strip blanks. The above increases the production cost and destroys the stability of the production process; on the other hand, the experimental results prove that the cooling speed that can be achieved by the twin-roll method is not ideal, and there is a contradiction between production efficiency and strip quality control. To improve production efficiency, it is necessary to It is necessary to increase the liquid level of the molten pool to extend the contact range between the molten metal and the roller surface (that is, the effective cooling distance). The quality of the thin strip deteriorates.
带法是改善冷却条件的努力方向之一，如SCR轧机，在两个辊之间增加一条包绕其中一辊的冷却钢带，使熔融金属在钢带和被包绕冷却辊之间冷却凝固，在一定程度上改善了冷却条件，但结构复杂且同样存在着金属液的侧封问题，而且冷却带始终处于高温条件下的高张力服役条件，使用寿命很短。如中国发明专利00106176.3公开了一种金属带材快速凝固成形的方法，背面实施冷却的冷却钢带(3)(3’)由驱动辊(6)(6’)、定位辊(4)(4’)和张紧辊(5)(5’)支撑，形成冷却区域；冷却钢带在驱动辊的带动下以线速度0.1～20m/s运动，熔融金属(1)在压力作用下由坩埚(2)进入冷却区域，在运动过程中被冷却而实现快速凝固成形，制备厚度100μm～2mm的快速凝固金属带材。其采用两条封闭冷却带，在两条冷却带之间构成冷却凝固区域，这可看做是双辊式的变形，虽然采用带式冷却提高了凝固效率，但由于传动带的侧封更加困难，且冷却凝固区完全靠冷却带控制快凝带的厚向尺寸，由于冷却带在厚度方向的刚度差而难以保证快凝带材的厚度均匀性。 The belt method is one of the efforts to improve the cooling conditions. For example, in the SCR rolling mill, a cooling steel belt wrapped around one of the rolls is added between the two rolls, so that the molten metal is cooled and solidified between the steel belt and the wrapped cooling roll. , which improves the cooling conditions to a certain extent, but the structure is complex and there is also the problem of side sealing of the molten metal, and the cooling belt is always in high-tension service conditions under high temperature conditions, and its service life is very short. As Chinese invention patent 00106176.3 discloses a method for rapid solidification and forming of metal strips, the cooling steel strip (3) (3') that is cooled on the back is formed by driving rolls (6) (6 '), positioning rolls (4) (4 ') and tension rollers (5) (5') support to form a cooling area; the cooling steel strip moves at a linear speed of 0.1-20m/s under the drive of the driving roller, and the molten metal (1) flows from the crucible ( 2) Enter the cooling area, be cooled during the movement to realize rapid solidification and forming, and prepare a rapid solidification metal strip with a thickness of 100 μm to 2 mm. It adopts two closed cooling belts, forming a cooling and solidification area between the two cooling belts, which can be regarded as a deformation of the double-roller type. Although the use of belt cooling improves the solidification efficiency, it is more difficult to seal the side of the transmission belt. And the cooling and solidification zone completely depends on the cooling zone to control the thickness dimension of the fast-setting zone. Due to the poor stiffness of the cooling zone in the thickness direction, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the thickness of the fast-setting zone.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术的上述不足，提供一种结构合理，能够有效强化并控制冷却条件，生产工艺简单、效率高的快速凝固制备金属带材的方法及装置。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a method and device for preparing metal strips by rapid solidification with reasonable structure, effective strengthening and control of cooling conditions, simple production process and high efficiency.
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种快速凝固制备金属带材的方法，其特征在于：其采用封闭环形金属冷却带做冷却体，将环形金属冷却带包绕在驱动辊和从动辊上，环形金属冷却带在驱动辊的带动下以线速度1～30m/s进行运动；在驱动辊和从动辊之间设有内凹支撑体，通过内凹支撑体的凹面支撑环形金属冷却带的上半周，形成一内凹冷却面；盛载熔融金属液的坩埚置于内凹冷却面的上方，熔融金属液喷射到内凹冷却面上，由运动的环形金属冷却带拖曳并在离心力的作用下铺展成金属薄带，迅速冷却，实现快速凝固成形。 The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a method for preparing metal strip by rapid solidification, which is characterized in that: it adopts a closed annular metal cooling belt as the cooling body, and wraps the annular metal cooling belt around the driving roller and On the driven roller, the ring-shaped metal cooling belt moves at a linear speed of 1-30m/s under the drive of the driving roller; a concave support body is set between the driving roller and the driven roller, and is supported by the concave surface of the concave support body The upper half of the annular metal cooling belt forms a concave cooling surface; the crucible containing molten metal is placed above the concave cooling surface, and the molten metal is sprayed onto the concave cooling surface, dragged by the moving annular metal cooling belt And under the action of centrifugal force, it spreads into a thin metal strip, cools rapidly, and realizes rapid solidification and forming.
本发明实现上述快速凝固制备金属带材的方法所采用的装置是：一种快速凝固制备金属带材的装置，其特征在于：其包括有环形金属冷却带、驱动辊、从动辊、内凹支撑体、张紧支撑体、熔化与喷射装置；所述环形金属冷却带作为冷却体包绕在驱动辊和从动辊上，在驱动辊的带动下以线速度1～30m/s进行运动；内凹支撑体和张紧支撑体安装在驱动辊和从动辊之间，内凹支撑体位于封闭的环形金属冷却带内，对环形金属冷却带上半周的下垂部分形成支撑，通过内凹支撑体的凹面支撑环形金属冷却带上半周的下垂部分，环形金属冷却带形成一个内凹冷却面；张紧支撑体支撑环形金属冷却带的下半周；所述熔化与喷射装置的坩埚和喷嘴置于内凹冷却面的上方，熔融金属液通过喷嘴喷射到内凹冷却面上，由运动的环形金属冷却带拖曳并在离心力的作用下铺展成金属薄带，迅速冷却，实现快速凝固成形。 The device used in the present invention to realize the method for preparing the metal strip by rapid solidification is: a device for preparing the metal strip by rapid solidification, which is characterized in that it includes an annular metal cooling belt, a driving roller, a driven roller, a concave Support body, tension support body, melting and spraying device; the annular metal cooling belt is wrapped around the driving roller and the driven roller as a cooling body, and is driven by the driving roller to move at a linear speed of 1-30m/s; The concave support body and the tension support body are installed between the driving roller and the driven roller, and the concave support body is located in the closed annular metal cooling belt, forming a support for the drooping part of the upper half of the annular metal cooling belt, through the concave support The concave surface of the body supports the drooping part of the upper half of the annular metal cooling belt, and the annular metal cooling belt forms a concave cooling surface; the tension support body supports the lower half of the annular metal cooling belt; the crucible and nozzle of the melting and spraying device are placed Above the concave cooling surface, the molten metal is sprayed onto the concave cooling surface through the nozzle, dragged by the moving annular metal cooling belt and spread into a thin metal strip under the action of centrifugal force, cooling rapidly to realize rapid solidification and forming.
所述驱动辊的上部内侧设有一压紧辊，从动辊的上部内侧设有一剥离辊。通过压紧辊压紧驱动辊上的环形金属冷却带，使环形金属冷却带随之运动；通过剥离辊压紧从动辊上的环形金属冷却带，实现冷却后的金属薄带的剥离。 A pressing roller is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the driving roller, and a peeling roller is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the driven roller. The ring-shaped metal cooling belt on the driving roller is pressed by the pinch roller to make the ring-shaped metal cooling belt move accordingly; the ring-shaped metal cooling belt on the driven roller is pressed by the stripping roller to realize the stripping of the cooled metal thin belt.
所述从动辊的下部外侧设有一清洁辊，清洁辊的作用是对环形金属冷却带的冷却表面进行清理，保证其始终处于清洁状态。 A cleaning roller is provided on the outside of the lower part of the driven roller, and the function of the cleaning roller is to clean the cooling surface of the annular metal cooling belt to ensure that it is always in a clean state.
所述内凹支撑体的凹面可以采用圆柱形凹面，也可以采用变曲率柱面曲面。 The concave surface of the concave support body can be a cylindrical concave surface, or a variable-curvature cylindrical surface.
所述内凹支撑体的凹面上设有均匀分布的小孔，内凹支撑体内部通有压缩气体或冷却液，压缩气体或冷却液经由小孔排出，对环形金属冷却带形成气浮或液浮支承，并对环形金属冷却带进行冷却。 The concave surface of the concave support body is provided with evenly distributed small holes, the inside of the concave support body is filled with compressed gas or cooling liquid, and the compressed gas or cooling liquid is discharged through the small holes, forming an air flotation or liquid cooling zone for the annular metal cooling belt. Floating support, and cooling ring metal cooling belt.
所述张紧支撑体与环形金属冷却带接触的凸面上设有均匀分布的小孔，张紧支撑体内部通有压缩气体或冷却液，压缩气体或冷却液经由凸面上的小孔排出，对环形金属冷却带形成气浮或液浮支承，并对环形金属冷却带进行冷却。环形金属冷却带的张紧度可以通过调整张紧支撑体的高度位置实现。 The convex surface of the tension support body in contact with the annular metal cooling belt is provided with uniformly distributed small holes, the inside of the tension support body is passed through compressed gas or cooling liquid, and the compressed gas or cooling liquid is discharged through the small holes on the convex surface. The annular metal cooling belt forms an air-floating or liquid-floating support and cools the annular metal cooling belt. The tension of the annular metal cooling belt can be realized by adjusting the height position of the tension support body.
所述坩埚和喷嘴位于环形金属冷却带的内凹冷却面靠近驱动辊一侧的上方。以保证金属液从喷嘴喷出接触冷却带表面后立刻在离心力作用下铺展并贴紧冷却带的内凹表面。 The crucible and the nozzle are located above the side of the inner concave cooling surface of the annular metal cooling belt which is close to the driving roller. To ensure that the molten metal is sprayed from the nozzle and immediately spreads under the action of centrifugal force after touching the surface of the cooling belt and sticks to the concave surface of the cooling belt.
所述熔化与喷射装置还设有一充入惰性气体的气箱，坩埚与喷嘴均密封于其中。喷射时向气箱内充入惰性气体（如氮气、氩气等），维持气箱内的压强处于微正压，以保证金属在熔炼和喷射过程中金属液不受氧化。 The melting and spraying device is also provided with a gas box filled with inert gas, in which the crucible and the nozzle are sealed. Fill the gas box with inert gas (such as nitrogen, argon, etc.) when spraying, and maintain the pressure in the gas box at a slight positive pressure to ensure that the molten metal is not oxidized during the smelting and spraying process.
本发明采用封闭环形金属冷却带作为冷却体，通过内凹支撑体的凹面支撑环形金属冷却带上半周的下垂部分，环形金属冷却带形成一个内凹冷却面。对照现有技术，本发明的优点是：（1）变有害离心力为有益作用力。利用离心力使金属液获得贴辊力，大幅度改善和提升金属液在冷却表面的铺展性和金属液与冷却表面的接触时间与接触条件；（2）结构简单，维护方便。由于直接使用不同金属带材制作冷却带，易于获得不同要求的表面质量且成本低廉；（3）无需侧封，从根本上避免了侧封可靠性和侧封成本的问题；（4）获得的快凝带的厚度可以通过调节驱动辊1的转速（即封闭环形冷却带14的线速度）或通过气压控制系统6调节喷射气压来进行调节和控制，调节方便。可生产厚度为0.1~2mm的金属薄带和箔带。本发明结构合理，能够有效强化并控制冷却条件，生产工艺简单、效率高，是一种理想的快速凝固制备金属带材的方法及装置。 The invention adopts a closed annular metal cooling belt as a cooling body, supports the drooping part of the upper half of the annular metal cooling belt through the concave surface of the concave support body, and the annular metal cooling belt forms a concave cooling surface. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: (1) Turn harmful centrifugal force into beneficial force. The centrifugal force is used to make the molten metal obtain the sticking force, which greatly improves and enhances the spreading of the molten metal on the cooling surface and the contact time and conditions between the molten metal and the cooling surface; (2) Simple structure and easy maintenance. Due to the direct use of different metal strips to make the cooling belt, it is easy to obtain different surface quality and low cost; (3) no need for side seals, which fundamentally avoids the problems of side seal reliability and side seal costs; (4) obtained The thickness of the fast-setting belt can be adjusted and controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the driving roller 1 (that is, the linear speed of the closed annular cooling belt 14) or by adjusting the injection air pressure through the air pressure control system 6, which is convenient to adjust. It can produce thin metal strips and foil strips with a thickness of 0.1~2mm. The invention has reasonable structure, can effectively strengthen and control cooling conditions, has simple production process and high efficiency, and is an ideal method and device for preparing metal strips by rapid solidification.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1为本发明组成原理示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the present invention.
图中标号为：1.驱动辊，2.压紧辊，3.熔融金属液，4.坩埚，5.加热线圈，6.气压控制系统，7.剥离辊，8.金属带材，9.从动辊，10.清洁辊，11.辅助压紧辊，12.内凹支撑体，13.张紧支撑体，14.环形金属冷却带，15.气箱。 The labels in the figure are: 1. Drive roller, 2. Press roller, 3. Molten metal liquid, 4. Crucible, 5. Heating coil, 6. Air pressure control system, 7. Stripping roller, 8. Metal strip, 9. Driven roller, 10. cleaning roller, 11. auxiliary pinch roller, 12. concave support body, 13. tension support body, 14. endless metal cooling belt, 15. air box.
具体实施方式 detailed description
从图1中可以看出，一种快速凝固制备金属带材的方法，其采用封闭环形金属冷却带做冷却体，将环形金属冷却带包绕在驱动辊和从动辊上，环形金属冷却带在驱动辊的带动下以线速度1～30m/s进行运动；在驱动辊和从动辊之间设有内凹支撑体，通过内凹支撑体的凹面支撑环形金属冷却带的上半周，形成一内凹冷却面；盛载熔融金属液的坩埚置于内凹冷却面的上方，熔融金属液喷射到内凹冷却面上，由运动的环形金属冷却带拖曳并在离心力的作用下铺展成金属薄带，迅速冷却，实现快速凝固成形。 As can be seen from Fig. 1, a kind of rapid solidification prepares the method for metal strip, and it adopts closed ring-shaped metal cooling belt to make cooling body, and ring-shaped metal cooling belt is wrapped on driving roller and driven roller, and ring-shaped metal cooling belt Driven by the driving roller, it moves at a linear speed of 1 to 30m/s; a concave support is provided between the driving roller and the driven roller, and the upper half of the annular metal cooling belt is supported by the concave surface of the concave support to form a A concave cooling surface; the crucible containing molten metal is placed above the concave cooling surface, and the molten metal is sprayed onto the concave cooling surface, dragged by the moving annular metal cooling belt and spread into metal under the action of centrifugal force Thin strips, cooled rapidly to achieve rapid solidification and forming.
如图1所示，本发明实现上述快速凝固制备金属带材的方法所采用的装置是：一种快速凝固制备金属带材的装置，其包括有环形金属冷却带14、驱动辊1、从动辊9、内凹支撑体12、张紧支撑体13、熔化与喷射装置；所述环形金属冷却14带作为冷却体包绕在驱动辊1和从动辊9上，在驱动辊的带动下以线速度1～30m/s进行运动。环形金属冷却带14由驱动辊1、从动辊9、内凹支撑体12和张紧支撑体13支撑，并分别通过压紧辊2和剥离辊7压紧到驱动辊1和从动辊9上，在驱动辊1和从动辊9之间形成一个内凹区域，当驱动辊1转动带动封闭环形冷却带14运动时，内凹部分的冷却带受离心力作用和内凹支撑体12的支承形成稳定运动的内凹冷却面。具体是：内凹支撑体12和张紧支撑体13安装在驱动辊和从动辊之间，内凹支撑体12位于封闭的环形金属冷却带内，对环形金属冷却带上半周的下垂部分形成支撑，通过内凹支撑体的凹面支撑环形金属冷却带上半周的下垂部分，环形金属冷却带形成一个内凹冷却面；张紧支撑体13支撑环形金属冷却带的下半周。从而构成一个运动的局部内凹冷却面，并通过压紧辊2和剥离辊7的压紧以及在离心力的作用下形成稳定运动。 As shown in Figure 1, the device that the present invention realizes the method that above-mentioned rapid solidification prepares metal strip adopts is: a kind of device that rapid solidification prepares metal strip, and it comprises endless metal cooling belt 14, driving roller 1, driven Roller 9, concave support body 12, tension support body 13, melting and spraying device; the annular metal cooling 14 belt is wrapped on the driving roller 1 and the driven roller 9 as a cooling body, driven by the driving roller to The line speed is 1-30m/s for movement. The endless metal cooling belt 14 is supported by the driving roller 1, the driven roller 9, the concave support body 12 and the tension support body 13, and is pressed to the driving roller 1 and the driven roller 9 by the pinch roller 2 and the stripping roller 7 respectively Above, a concave area is formed between the driving roller 1 and the driven roller 9. When the driving roller 1 rotates to drive the closed annular cooling belt 14 to move, the cooling belt in the concave part is supported by the centrifugal force and the concave support body 12 Creates a concave cooling surface for stable motion. Specifically: the concave support body 12 and the tension support body 13 are installed between the driving roller and the driven roller, the concave support body 12 is located in the closed annular metal cooling belt, and forms a The support is to support the drooping part of the upper half of the annular metal cooling belt through the concave surface of the concave support body, and the annular metal cooling belt forms a concave cooling surface; the tension support body 13 supports the lower half of the annular metal cooling belt. Thereby, a moving local concave cooling surface is formed, and a stable movement is formed by the pressing of the pressing roller 2 and the stripping roller 7 and the action of centrifugal force.
所述驱动辊1的上部内侧设有一压紧辊2，从动辊9的上部内侧设有一剥离辊7。通过压紧辊2压紧驱动辊1上的环形金属冷却带14，使环形金属冷却带随之运动；通过剥离辊7压紧从动辊9上的环形金属冷却带，实现冷却后的金属薄带的剥离。 A pressure roller 2 is provided on the upper inner side of the driving roller 1 , and a peeling roller 7 is arranged on the upper inner side of the driven roller 9 . The ring-shaped metal cooling belt 14 on the drive roller 1 is pressed by the pinch roller 2 to make the ring-shaped metal cooling belt move accordingly; the ring-shaped metal cooling belt on the driven roller 9 is pressed by the stripping roller 7 to realize the cooling of the metal sheet after cooling. Belt peeling.
进一步，所述从动辊9的下部外侧设有一清洁辊10，清洁辊10的作用是对环形金属冷却带14的冷却表面进行清理，保证其始终处于清洁状态。所述从动辊9的下部还设有一辅助压紧辊11，通过辅助压紧辊11压紧环形金属冷却带。 Further, a cleaning roller 10 is provided on the outside of the lower part of the driven roller 9, and the function of the cleaning roller 10 is to clean the cooling surface of the endless metal cooling belt 14 to ensure that it is always in a clean state. The lower part of the driven roller 9 is also provided with an auxiliary pinch roller 11 , and the annular metal cooling belt is pressed by the auxiliary pinch roller 11 .
进一步，所述内凹支撑体12的凹面可以采用圆柱形凹面，也可以采用变曲率柱面曲面。 Further, the concave surface of the concave support body 12 can be a cylindrical concave surface, or a cylindrical surface with variable curvature.
进一步，所述内凹支撑体12的凹面上设有均匀分布的小孔，内凹支撑体12内部通有压缩气体或冷却液，压缩气体或冷却液经由小孔排出，对环形金属冷却带14形成气浮或液浮支承，并对环形金属冷却带进行冷却。工作时可通过图1中的内凹支撑体12上设置的接头a向内凹支撑体12的内部通入压缩气体或冷却液，使其经由内凹圆柱面上的小孔排出，而对环形金属冷却带14形成气浮或液浮支承，从而大幅度减少环形金属冷却带14和内凹支撑体12间的摩擦，并对环形金属冷却带14进行冷却。 Further, the concave surface of the concave support body 12 is provided with uniformly distributed small holes, the inside of the concave support body 12 is passed with compressed gas or cooling liquid, and the compressed gas or cooling liquid is discharged through the small holes, and the annular metal cooling belt 14 Form air or liquid floating support, and cool the ring-shaped metal cooling belt. During work, the compressed gas or cooling liquid can be passed into the interior of the concave support body 12 through the joint a provided on the concave support body 12 in Fig. The metal cooling belt 14 forms an air or liquid floating support, thereby greatly reducing the friction between the annular metal cooling belt 14 and the concave support body 12, and cooling the annular metal cooling belt 14.
进一步，张紧支撑体13的上表面为凸形圆柱面。所述张紧支撑体与环形金属冷却带接触的凸形圆柱面上设有均匀分布的小孔，张紧支撑体内部通有压缩气体或冷却液，压缩气体或冷却液经由凸面上的小孔排出，对环形金属冷却带形成气浮或液浮支承，并对环形金属冷却带进行冷却。环形金属冷却带的张紧度可以通过调整张紧支撑体的高度位置实现。工作时通过图1中张紧支撑体13的接头b向张紧支撑体13的内部通入压缩气体，使其经由凸形圆柱面上的小孔排出，而对环形金属冷却带14形成气浮支承，既减少环形金属冷却带14和张紧支撑体13间的摩擦，也对环形金属冷却带14进行冷却。 Further, the upper surface of the tension support body 13 is a convex cylindrical surface. The convex cylindrical surface of the tension support body in contact with the annular metal cooling belt is provided with evenly distributed small holes, and the compressed gas or cooling liquid passes through the tension support body, and the compressed gas or cooling liquid passes through the small holes on the convex surface Discharge, form an air or liquid floating support for the annular metal cooling belt, and cool the annular metal cooling belt. The tension of the annular metal cooling belt can be realized by adjusting the height position of the tension support body. When working, pass the compressed gas into the tension support body 13 through the joint b of the tension support body 13 in Fig. The support not only reduces the friction between the annular metal cooling belt 14 and the tension support body 13, but also cools the annular metal cooling belt 14.
本发明通过调整张紧支撑体13的高度可以调节环形金属冷却带14的张紧度，金属带材8的厚度可以通过调节驱动辊1的转速（即环形金属冷却带14的线速度）或通过气压控制系统6调节喷射气压来进行调节和控制。 The present invention can adjust the tension of the endless metal cooling belt 14 by adjusting the height of the tension support body 13, and the thickness of the metal strip 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the driving roller 1 (i.e. the linear speed of the endless metal cooling belt 14) or by The air pressure control system 6 adjusts the injection air pressure for regulation and control.
本发明所述熔化与喷射装置设有坩埚4、喷嘴、加热线圈5。坩埚和喷嘴置于内凹冷却面的上方，熔融金属液通过喷嘴喷射到内凹冷却面上，由运动的环形金属冷却带拖曳并在离心力的作用下铺展成金属薄带，迅速冷却，实现快速凝固成形。具体是：坩埚4内的金属在感应加热线圈5的加热作用下熔化成熔融金属液3，压缩气体以气压控制系统6设定的压强和流量进入坩埚4，并驱动熔融金属液3经坩埚下部的喷嘴流到环形金属冷却带14的内凹冷却面上，随封闭环形金属冷却带14向前运行，在离心力作用下铺展并贴紧环形金属冷却带14的内凹冷却面。 The melting and spraying device of the present invention is provided with a crucible 4 , a nozzle, and a heating coil 5 . The crucible and nozzle are placed above the concave cooling surface, and the molten metal is sprayed onto the concave cooling surface through the nozzle, dragged by the moving annular metal cooling belt and spread into a thin metal strip under the action of centrifugal force, cooling rapidly, realizing rapid cooling. Solidify and form. Specifically: the metal in the crucible 4 is melted into the molten metal 3 under the heating action of the induction heating coil 5, and the compressed gas enters the crucible 4 with the pressure and flow rate set by the air pressure control system 6, and drives the molten metal 3 to pass through the lower part of the crucible The nozzle flows to the concave cooling surface of the annular metal cooling belt 14, moves forward with the closed annular metal cooling belt 14, spreads and sticks to the concave cooling surface of the annular metal cooling belt 14 under the action of centrifugal force.
进一步，所述坩埚4和喷嘴位于环形金属冷却带14的内凹冷却面靠近驱动辊一侧的上方。以保证金属液从喷嘴喷出接触冷却带表面后立刻在离心力作用下铺展并贴紧环形金属冷却带的内凹表面。 Further, the crucible 4 and the nozzle are located above the concave cooling surface of the annular metal cooling belt 14 near the side of the driving roller. To ensure that the molten metal is sprayed from the nozzle and immediately spreads under the action of centrifugal force after contacting the surface of the cooling belt and sticks to the concave surface of the annular metal cooling belt.
进一步，所述熔化与喷射装置还设有一充入惰性气体的气箱15，坩埚4与喷嘴均密封于其中。喷射时向气箱15内充入惰性气体（如氮气、氩气等），维持气箱15内的压强处于微正压，以保证金属在熔炼和喷射过程中金属液不受氧化。 Further, the melting and spraying device is also provided with a gas box 15 filled with inert gas, in which the crucible 4 and the nozzle are sealed. Fill the gas box 15 with an inert gas (such as nitrogen, argon, etc.) during spraying, and maintain the pressure in the gas box 15 at a slight positive pressure to ensure that the molten metal is not oxidized during the smelting and spraying process.
本发明的优点是：（1）变有害离心力为有益作用力。利用离心力使金属液获得贴辊力，大幅度改善和提升金属液在冷却表面的铺展性和金属液与冷却表面的接触时间与接触条件；（2）结构简单，维护方便。由于直接使用不同金属带材制作冷却带，易于获得不同要求的表面质量且成本低廉；（3）无需侧封，从根本上避免了侧封可靠性和侧封成本的问题；（4）获得的快凝带的厚度可以通过调节驱动辊1的转速（即封闭环形冷却带14的线速度）或通过气压控制系统6调节喷射气压来进行调节和控制，调节方便。本发明结构合理，能够有效强化并控制冷却条件，生产工艺简单、效率高，是一种理想的快速凝固制备金属带材的方法及装置。 The advantages of the present invention are: (1) changing the harmful centrifugal force into a beneficial force. The centrifugal force is used to make the molten metal obtain the sticking force, which greatly improves and enhances the spreading of the molten metal on the cooling surface and the contact time and conditions between the molten metal and the cooling surface; (2) Simple structure and easy maintenance. Due to the direct use of different metal strips to make the cooling belt, it is easy to obtain different surface quality and low cost; (3) no need for side seals, which fundamentally avoids the problems of side seal reliability and side seal costs; (4) obtained The thickness of the fast-setting belt can be adjusted and controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the driving roller 1 (that is, the linear speed of the closed annular cooling belt 14) or by adjusting the injection air pressure through the air pressure control system 6, which is convenient to adjust. The invention has reasonable structure, can effectively strengthen and control cooling conditions, has simple production process and high efficiency, and is an ideal method and device for preparing metal strips by rapid solidification.
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| CN87104806A (en) * | 1986-07-16 | 1988-04-06 | 迪迪尔工厂股份公司 | Molten steel is transported to casting wheel---the fire-resistant molten steel groove of conticaster |
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