CN103719088B - A kind of biogenic pesticide composition and application thereof preventing and treating the viroses of plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological source pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant virus diseases. Auxiliary ingredients used. It can be made into water, soluble powder or wettable powder. It is used to prevent and control various plant virus diseases such as rice, tobacco, melons and vegetables. The biological source antiviral pesticide of the invention has the advantages of synergy, low toxicity, low residue and environmental friendliness, and is suitable for popularization and application in green vegetable cultivation.

Description

A biological source pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant virus diseases and its application

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a biological source pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant virus diseases.

Background technique

Chitosan, also known as chitin, is a water-soluble product formed after deacetylation of chitin by concentrated alkaline water, and its scientific name is (1,4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-β -D-glucan is an animal high molecular cellulose extracted from crab and shrimp shells by genetic engineering, and is known as the "sixth life element" by the scientific community. It is the only positively charged positive food fiber in the universe. A large number of foreign medical literature reports that chitosan has the functions of anti-cancer, inhibition of cancer and tumor cell metastasis, improvement of human immunity and liver protection and detoxification. It is especially suitable for diabetes, liver and kidney disease, high blood pressure, obesity and other diseases, and is beneficial to the prevention of cancer cell lesions and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of tumor diseases. Chitosan is one of the main types of plant-induced activators that have been commercialized in my country. At present, there have been relevant reports on the use of chitosan in the prevention and treatment of plant virus diseases in my country. For example, in the "Plant Virus Disease Prevention and Control Agent" with the patent application number 200310115037.0, a compound composed of morpholinidine hydrochloride, copper acetate and gold hydrochloride has been reported. A plant antiviral agent composed of steel alkanes or chitin.

Lentinan (Lentinan, LNT) is an effective active ingredient extracted from high-quality mushroom fruiting bodies. It is a host immune enhancer. Lentinan has anti-virus, anti-tumor, immune function regulation and stimulation of interferon formation. Lentinan is a component that improves plant immunity. It is a polysaccharide with a molecular weight of more than 10,000, mainly β-1, 3 glucan, and contains a small amount of xylose and mannose. Lentinan was mainly used in the field of medicine at the earliest. With the continuous deepening of research on biological pesticides, there have been reports on the use of lentinan in the field of pesticides to prevent and treat plant virus diseases. For example, "Jinggangmycin and lentinan complex new biopesticide" with application number 200910248521.8, "a pesticide composition containing pyrimenpeptidemycin and lentinan" with application number 201110115213.5, and "a pesticide composition with lentinan" with application number 201110001851.4 Lentinan is used as a plant antiviral agent in the patents of "insecticidal and fungicidal composition containing lentinan".

Oligosaccharides, also known as oligosaccharides, are carbohydrates and special oligosaccharides, which act as signal molecules in plants to regulate plant growth and development and survival in the environment. Because plants can recognize and respond to oligosaccharin with obvious specificity, when oligosaccharin enters the plant body, it induces the plant to produce phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and synthesizes and accumulates Phytoalexin, phenols and other disease-resistant substances can increase lignin, thicken cell walls, and produce allergic reactions, so as to inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing diseases and increasing production. Oligosaccharin, as a new type of broad-spectrum fungicide for sugar bio-inducing resistance, has a remarkable effect on the control and control of various crop diseases, and its application range is very wide. For example, "a fungicide composition containing oligosaccharides and copper" with application number 201010624172.8 and "application method of oligosaccharins as biocontrol pesticides" with application number 99126803.2 all use oligosaccharins as biological source pesticides. Control plant diseases.

Virus is a non-cellular parasitic living organism composed of a nucleic acid molecule (DNA or RNA) and protein, which has strong infection and destructive power. As a parasitic organism of plants, plant viruses pose a great threat to the growth and development of plants, as well as the survival and development of human beings. At present, there are more than 1,000 species of plant viruses that have been studied and named, many of which are important pathogens of crops. According to statistics, the average annual loss caused by plant viruses in the world is 60 billion US dollars. In recent years, rice black-streaked dwarf disease in southern my country has reduced rice planting area by nearly 50 million mu, causing great losses to agricultural production. In addition, viral diseases are also important diseases of commercial crops such as tomato, pepper and tobacco, and cause serious yield losses to vegetable cultivation and tobacco leaf production in protected and open fields every year.

The harm of plant viruses to the host is known as "plant cancer", and it is very difficult to prevent and control. Many years of research have been done on plant antiviral agents at home and abroad. So far, a variety of compounds have been found to have inhibitory activity against plant viruses. At present, the antiviral agents widely used in my country are chemically synthesized antiviral agents such as Phytopatholin, Virusin, Junduqing, etc., but the control effect of these antiviral agents is not ideal, and the chemically synthesized antiviral agents are highly toxic, The shortcoming of seriously polluting the environment, in today's increasingly prominent food safety problems, chemically synthesized antiviral agents are becoming less and less accepted by people, such as chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharins and other biological source antiviral agents because of their It has the advantages of low toxicity, low residue and environmental friendliness and is favored. However, the single use of biological source antiviral agents in production is often not effective, and long-term use alone will lead to increased viral drug resistance.

In order to solve the above problems, the inventor has systematically studied the application technologies of three biologically derived antiviral agents, chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharin, in the long-term process of plant diseases, and found that chitosan After being compounded with lentinan or chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharides, it has a synergistic effect on the prevention and treatment of various crop virus diseases. At present, there are no relevant reports at home and abroad.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a biological source pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant virus diseases. The biological source antiviral pesticide composition has obvious synergistic effect, and can also induce and enhance plant immunity, thereby inhibiting virus infection and preventing plant virus infection. The effect of disease prevention and treatment is good. The biological source antiviral pesticide composition of the present invention has the advantages of synergy, low toxicity, low residue and environmental friendliness, and is used for preventing and treating various crop virus diseases such as rice, tobacco, melons and vegetables, and is especially suitable for planting green vegetables Promote applications.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A biological source pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant virus diseases, which is composed of chitosan and lentinan, or chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharides as active ingredients. Through the reasonable compounding of chitosan and lentinan or chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharin, the synergistic ratio between the two is screened, the control effect is improved, and the production cost is saved.

In the biological source pesticide composition containing chitosan and lentinan for preventing and treating plant virus diseases, the weight component of chitosan is 0.1-10 parts, the weight component of lentinan is 0.1-10 parts, and the rest is Auxiliary ingredients allowed in pesticides.

Preferably, the weight ratio of chitosan to lentinan is 1:50-50:1,

As a further preference, the weight ratio of chitosan to lentinan is 1:3.

In the biological source pesticide composition comprising chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharin for preventing and treating plant virus diseases, the weight ratio between chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharin is 1-20:1 -20: 1-20, the rest are auxiliary ingredients allowed in pesticides.

Preferably, the weight ratio of chitosan to oligosaccharin is 1:2:2.

The biological source pesticide composition for preventing and treating plant virus diseases of the present invention can be prepared into water formulation, soluble powder formulation and wettable powder formulation by adopting methods known to those skilled in the art.

The auxiliary ingredients allowed in the pesticide include emulsifiers, solvents, wetting agents, dispersants and fillers.

The emulsifier includes fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, styrene ethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylaryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate , Alkylphenol Ethoxylate Phosphate, Phenylphenol Ethoxylate Phosphate, Alkylaryl Polyoxypropylene Ethoxylate Phosphate, Castor Oil Ethoxylate and Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid One or a combination of more than one of calcium.

Described solvent is water, acetophenone, benzyl alcohol, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol One or more combinations of triol and n-octanol.

The wetting agent is sodium dodecylsulfate, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, pull-off powder BX., wetting and penetrating agent JFC, alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, polyoxyethylene triphenylethylene phenylphosphoric acid One or a combination of salt, saponin powder, silkworm excrement and sapindus seed powder.

The dispersant is self-polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid calcium salt, naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt, alkylphenol One or more combinations of polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters and glycerin fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ethers.

The filler is one or a combination of kaolin, diatomite, bentonite, attapulgite, white carbon black, starch, light calcium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium sulfate.

The present invention has good control effects in the initial stage of crop virus disease or when the disease is severe.

Suitable target crops of the present invention are rice, wheat, corn, soybean, peanut, cotton, sugar cane, rape, tobacco, potato, melon, tomato, pepper, cabbage, strawberry, litchi, longan, jujube, citrus, banana, Luo Han Guo and trees etc.

The invention is suitable for preventing and treating southern rice black-streaked dwarf disease, rice black-streaked dwarf disease, rice common dwarf disease, rice yellow dwarf disease, rice tumor dwarf disease, rice orange leaf disease, rice tooth dwarf disease, rice stripe leaf blight , wheat yellow dwarf disease, wheat cluster dwarf disease, wheat soil-borne mosaic disease, wheat yellow mosaic disease, wheat shuttle streak mosaic disease, wheat red dwarf disease, wheat streak mosaic disease, corn mosaic virus disease, corn rough Shrink disease, soybean mosaic virus disease, soybean alfalfa mosaic virus disease, peanut stripe virus disease, peanut dwarf virus disease, peanut bud blight virus disease, sugarcane mosaic disease, sugarcane yellow leaf disease, sugarcane baculovirus disease, tobacco Common Mosaic Virus, Potato Virus, Potato Y Virus, Strawberry Mottle Virus, Strawberry Light Yellow Edge Virus, Strawberry Shrink Virus, Strawberry Vein Virus, Cucumber Mosaic Virus, Tomato Virus, Capsicum Virus disease, bunchy top disease of banana, ghost broom disease of longan and lychee, virus disease of Luo Han Guo, jujube tree madness, citrus greening disease, virus disease of turnip mosaic and other crops.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The biological source antiviral pesticide composition of the present invention has obvious synergistic effect, can reduce the dosage of active ingredients, and reduce the control cost.

(2) As an excellent plant-induced disease resistance activator, chitosan can induce target crops to enhance their own immunity, and when combined with lentinan or lentinan and oligosaccharides, chitosan can synergistically inhibit Virus infection, improve the effect of plant virus disease control.

(3) The three active ingredients of the biological source antiviral pesticide composition of the present invention, chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharin, are all biological source pesticides, so the pesticide composition has low toxicity to humans and animals, low residue, and is environmentally friendly .

Detailed ways

One, pesticide preparation embodiment

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope indicated by the examples.

1. Preparation of water solution

Example 1: 0.2% chitosan·lentinan aqueous solution

Example 1: 4.0% chitosan·lentinan aqueous solution

Example 3: 8.0% chitosan·lentinan aqueous solution

Example 4: 8.0% chitosan, lentinan, and oligosaccharin aqueous solution

The preparation method of the aforesaid water preparation is as follows: after the active ingredient is added into water to fully dissolve, after adding other auxiliary ingredients of the preparation and stirring thoroughly, the water preparation can be obtained.

2. Preparation of soluble powder

Example 5: 5% chitosan·lentinan soluble powder

Example 6: 15% chitosan·lentinan soluble powder

Example 7: 25% chitosan, lentinan, oligosaccharin soluble powder

The preparation method of the above-mentioned soluble powder is as follows: according to the formula ratio, the active ingredients and the auxiliary ingredients of the preparation are uniformly mixed, pulverized by a jet mill, and then mixed uniformly to obtain the soluble powder.

3. Preparation of wettable powder

Example 8: 6% chitosan·lentinan soluble powder

Example 9: 12% chitosan·lentinan soluble powder

Example 10: 12% chitosan·lentinan·oligosaccharin soluble powder

The above-mentioned preparation method of the wettable powder is the same as the preparation method of the above-mentioned soluble powder.

2. Example of field efficacy test

Below in conjunction with above-mentioned embodiment, verify the beneficial effect of the present invention by field efficacy test.

Test Example 1: Field experiment of the compound preparation of chitosan and lentinan to control tobacco common mosaic virus disease

Application location: a flue-cured tobacco plantation in the suburbs of Nanning, Guangxi

Method of use: treatment agents 2% chitosan AS, 2% lentinan AS, 2.0% chitosan·lentinan AS and clear water (for CK treatment) are all used in the initial stage of the onset of tobacco common mosaic virus disease with a conventional sprayer Make a spray. A total of 3 sprays were applied from the initial stage of the onset of the disease, and the next spraying was carried out after spraying every 3 days.

The area of each plot is 40m ² tobacco area, repeated 4 times.

Survey method: Refer to the method of NY/T1464.8-2007 in the "Pesticide Field Efficacy Test Guidelines", take samples at 5 diagonal points in each plot before spraying, select 6 plants for investigation at each point, and use the plant Record the total number of investigated plants and the number of diseased plants at all levels as a unit, and use them as the base of disease conditions before spraying. After 3 days, 7 days, and 10 days after the application, the number of diseased leaves of 30 tobacco plants was investigated, and the diseased leaf decline rate and control effect were calculated.

Grading method:

Grade 0: Asymptomatic

Level 1: Bright veins, light flowers and leaves

Level 3: heart leaf and middle leaf mosaic

Grade 5: Heart leaves and middle leaves are mosaic, a few leaves are deformed, shrunken or plants are slightly dwarfed

Grade 7: heavy mosaic, most leaves deformed, shrunken or dwarfed

Grade 9: heavy mosaic, obviously deformed leaves, line leaves, severe dwarfing of plants, or even death

Drug efficacy calculation method:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 100</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the above (1) formula:

X is the disease index;

Ni is the number of diseased leaves at all levels;

i is the relative level value;

N is the total number of leaves under investigation.

Because the disease index survey was carried out before spraying in this test, the control effect was calculated according to formula (2).

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; CK</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; PT</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; CK</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; PT</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 100</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the above formula (2):

P is the control effect, and the unit is percentage (%);

CK0 is the condition index of the blank control area before application;

CK1 is the condition index of the blank control area after application;

PT0 is the disease index of the chemical treatment area before application;

PT1 is the disease index of the treatment area after application.

The test results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 The control effect of the compound preparation of chitosan and lentinan on tobacco common mosaic virus disease

The field test results showed that, at the same dose, the compound preparation of chitosan and lentinan, such as 2.0% chitin-lentinan (weight ratio 1:3) AS, had the same control effect on tobacco common mosaic virus disease. It is better than using 2% chitosan AS and 2% lentinan AS alone, and the compound preparation has a synergistic effect when the mass percentage of the active ingredients chitosan and lentinan is 1:3.

Test Example 2: Field test of compound preparation of chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharin to control tomato virus disease

Spraying location: Vegetable planting base in the suburbs of Nanning, Guangxi

How to use: Treatment agent 2% chitosan AS, 2% lentinan AS, 2% oligosaccharin AS, 2.0% chitosan·oligosaccharin AS and clear water (for CK treatment) all use conventional sprayers Spraying is carried out during the severe onset of tomato virus disease. From the beginning of the onset of the disease, a total of 3 times of spraying were applied, and the next spraying was carried out after spraying every 3 days.

The area of each plot is tomato area 40m ² , repeated 4 times.

Survey method: Refer to the method of NY/T1464.8-2007 in the "Pesticide Field Efficacy Test Guidelines", take samples at 5 diagonal points in each plot before spraying, select 6 plants for investigation at each point, and use the plant Record the total number of investigated plants and the number of diseased plants at all levels as a unit, and use them as the base of disease conditions before spraying. After 3 days, 7 days, and 10 days after the application, the number of diseased leaves on 30 tomato plants was investigated, and the decline rate and control effect of diseased leaves were calculated.

The grading method and drug efficacy calculation method are all the same as in the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

The test results are shown in Table 1:

The control effect of the compound preparation of table 2 chitosan and lentinan on tomato virus disease

The field test results showed that, at the same dose, the compound preparation of chitosan and oligosaccharin, such as 2.0% chitin·shintake·oligosaccharin (weight ratio of 1:2:2) AS, had a significant effect on tobacco common The control effect of mosaic virus disease is better than that of 2% chitosan AS, 2% lentinan AS or 2% oligosaccharin AS alone, and the compound preparation has synergistic effect.

Claims (6)

1. prevent and treat a biogenic pesticide composition for the viroses of plant, it is characterized in that: it be with biogenic pesticide chitosan and lentinan composite for active ingredient, oligosaccharide element is active component;

Wherein, the components by weight percent of chitosan is 0.1-10 part, and the components by weight percent of lentinan is 0.1-10 part, and the components by weight percent of oligosaccharide element is 0.1-10 part; The weight ratio of described chitosan, described lentinan and described oligosaccharide element is 1-20:1-20:1-20; All the other are for allowing the auxiliary element used in agricultural chemicals.

2. the biogenic pesticide composition preventing and treating the viroses of plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between described chitosan, lentinan and oligosaccharide element three, weight ratio is 1:2:2.

3., according to the arbitrary described biogenic pesticide composition preventing and treating the viroses of plant of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: described biogenic pesticide composition can be made into aqua, soluble powder and wetting powder.

4. the biogenic pesticide composition preventing and treating the viroses of plant according to claim 3, is characterized in that: allow the auxiliary element used to comprise emulsifier, solvent, wetting agent, dispersant and filler in described agricultural chemicals; Described emulsifier comprises one or more the combination in fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, alkylaryl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, aliphatic alcohol polyoxyvinethene phosphate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether phosphate, alkylaryl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether phosphate, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether and calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.

5. the biogenic pesticide composition preventing and treating the viroses of plant according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described solvent is water, acetophenone, phenmethylol, methyl-sulfoxide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, N, one or more combination in dinethylformamide, DMA, ethylene glycol, glycerine and n-octyl alcohol; Described wetting agent is lauryl sodium sulfate, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, Nekal BX., one or more combination in wetting and penetrating agent JFC, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene tri-styryl phosphenylic acid salt, spaonin powder, silkworm excrement and soapberry powder; Described dispersant is one or more the combination in polycarboxylate, lignosulfonates, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene formaldehyde condensation products sulphate, alkyl benzene sulfonate calcium salt, naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate and fatty acid glyceride APEO; Described filler is: one or more the combination in kaolin, diatomite, bentonite, attapulgite, white carbon, starch, precipitated calcium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate.

6. the biogenic pesticide composition the preventing and treating the viroses of plant as claimed in claim 1 application in control paddy rice, tobacco, melon and vegetable crop virus disease.