CN103707071B - The production technology of motion firearms high-accuracy weldless steel tube - Google Patents
The production technology of motion firearms high-accuracy weldless steel tube Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管的生产工艺，涉及运动枪械生产技术领域，其特征在于：依次包括以下步骤:棒材切断、穿孔、退火、校直、润滑处理、轧制、退火、校直、切头尾、检验、润滑处理、拔制和定尺。本发明可以大量节约原材料消耗，大量节省劳动力，产品精度、粗糙度大幅度提高，产品易于后续加工和实现自动化生产。
The production process of high-precision seamless steel pipes for sports firearms relates to the technical field of sports firearms production, and is characterized in that it includes the following steps in sequence: bar material cutting, piercing, annealing, straightening, lubricating treatment, rolling, annealing, straightening, Head and tail cutting, inspection, lubrication, drawing and length cutting. The invention can greatly save raw material consumption and labor force, greatly improve product precision and roughness, facilitate subsequent processing of products and realize automatic production.
Description
技术领域： Technical field:
本发明涉及运动枪械生产技术领域，具体是运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管的生产工艺。The invention relates to the technical field of sports firearms production, in particular to a production process of high-precision seamless steel pipes for sports firearms.
背景技术： Background technique:
运动枪械用高精度小口径厚壁无缝钢管对钢材的材料，加工的工艺要求特别高，由此才能满足运动枪械的高精度，目前市场都是沿用几十年的生产方式是采用圆钢钻孔方式加工，圆钢钻孔方式的工艺流程为：45# Φ18圆棒下料、打定位孔、专用设备钻深孔、铰孔、人工校直、挤光、镀铜、加工膛线、去铜、人工校直、车外圆，采用以上传统的加工方式存在以下缺陷：深孔加工困难，在500长度的圆钢上加工出直径4-5mm的深孔，加工效率低下，且成品率低；刀具损耗大，成本高；整个工艺流程复杂，难以实现机械自动化生产；生产效率低下，以全国年产200万支气枪枪管计算，仅深孔加工一项，全国就需要加工工人过百人，这还不包括铰孔、挤光、外圆加工等工序人员；成品率低，特别是在钻孔、铰孔等工序，报废严重；产品产量及质量得不到保障。High-precision small-caliber thick-walled seamless steel pipes for sports firearms have particularly high requirements for steel materials and processing technology, so that the high precision of sports firearms can be met. The current production method that has been used for decades in the market is to use round steel drills. Hole processing, the technological process of round steel drilling is: 45# Φ18 round bar blanking, positioning holes, deep hole drilling with special equipment, reaming, manual straightening, extrusion, copper plating, processing rifling, copper removal , manual straightening, and turning the outer circle. The above traditional processing methods have the following defects: deep hole processing is difficult, and a deep hole with a diameter of 4-5mm is processed on a 500-length round steel, and the processing efficiency is low and the yield is low; The loss of the tool is large and the cost is high; the entire process is complicated, and it is difficult to realize mechanical automation; the production efficiency is low. Based on the annual production of 2 million air gun barrels in the country, only deep hole processing requires more than 100 processing workers nationwide. It does not include reaming, extrusion, outer circle processing and other process personnel; the yield rate is low, especially in drilling, reaming and other processes, the scrap is serious; the output and quality of products cannot be guaranteed.
发明内容： Invention content:
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种可以节省人力和原料，加工效率高，便于机械化生产，产品质量高的运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管的生产工艺。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-precision seamless steel pipe production process for sports firearms that can save manpower and raw materials, has high processing efficiency, is convenient for mechanized production, and has high product quality.
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：Technical problem to be solved by the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管的生产工艺，其特征在于：依次包括以下步骤:棒材切断、穿孔、退火、校直、润滑处理、轧制、退火、校直、切头尾、检验、润滑处理、拔制和定尺。The production process of high-precision seamless steel pipes for sporting firearms is characterized in that it includes the following steps in sequence: bar material cutting, piercing, annealing, straightening, lubrication treatment, rolling, annealing, straightening, head and tail cutting, inspection, lubrication Processing, drawing and sizing.
所述的棒材切断中棒材的材料为45#钢。The material of the bar in the described bar cutting is 45# steel.
所述的穿孔经加热至1100～1300℃温度时进行，形成外径Φ42～52mm，壁厚5.5～6.5mm的圆管。The perforation is carried out when heated to a temperature of 1100-1300° C. to form a round tube with an outer diameter of Φ42-52 mm and a wall thickness of 5.5-6.5 mm.
所述的退火的温度为750～850℃。The annealing temperature is 750-850°C.
所述的轧制形成壁厚3.5～7.5mm，外径Φ20～25mm的无缝钢管。The rolling forms a seamless steel pipe with a wall thickness of 3.5-7.5 mm and an outer diameter of Φ20-25 mm.
所述的拔制成品为内径Φ4.5～Φ5.5mm ，壁厚3～5.5mm枪管毛坯。The drawn finished product is a gun barrel blank with an inner diameter of Φ4.5-Φ5.5mm and a wall thickness of 3-5.5mm.
所述的退火是在专用无氧热处理炉经过处理，温度650～850℃，消除残余应力。The annealing is performed in a special anaerobic heat treatment furnace at a temperature of 650-850° C. to eliminate residual stress.
本发明在原无缝钢管生产工艺一般不需要退火的情况下，而为了保证下一道工艺的技术要求， 增加了退火工序。采用轧制而不是普通无缝钢管的的生产工艺，是为了确保产品精度及粗糙度，其粗糙度必须保证在0.8以上。拔制采用特殊模具，采用此模具可以确保能生产处合格的管件。专用无氧退火炉比一般无氧退火炉增加了预热段，确保钢管硬度满足成品要求。In the present invention, when the original seamless steel pipe production process generally does not require annealing, an annealing process is added in order to ensure the technical requirements of the next process. The production process of rolling instead of ordinary seamless steel pipe is to ensure the precision and roughness of the product, and the roughness must be guaranteed to be above 0.8. The drawing adopts a special mold, and the use of this mold can ensure the production of qualified pipe fittings. The special oxygen-free annealing furnace adds a preheating section to ensure that the hardness of the steel pipe meets the requirements of the finished product.
本发明的有益效果是：大量节约原材料消耗，原生产一支小口径运动枪械枪管，需消耗钢材1公斤，采用本发明只须0.6公斤，以全国每年200万支计算，保守估计就可节约原材料800吨；大量节省劳动力，按目前保守全国年产200万支计算，仅需10人，即可满足全国的年需求，是原人工数量的1/10至1/20；精度、粗糙度大幅度提高，采用本方法生产的钢管，内孔精度可以达到±0.01mm，粗糙度可以达到0.8以上，节省了原有生产过程中的深孔加工、铰孔、挤孔、镀铜、去铜等工艺，极大提高生产效率；可实现后续加工的机械化生产，提高使用单位的劳动效率。由于新工艺的产品尺寸精度和光洁度都得到了大幅度的提高，易于后续加工和实现自动化生产；由于精度及粗糙度的提高，可极大提高小口径运动枪械的产品质量及稳定性。 The beneficial effect of the present invention is: a large amount of raw material consumption is saved, the original production of a small-caliber sporting gun barrel requires 1 kg of steel consumption, and the present invention only needs 0.6 kg, calculated on the basis of 2,000,000 pieces per year in the whole country, conservatively estimated to be able to save 800 tons of raw materials; a lot of labor is saved. According to the current conservative national annual output of 2 million pieces, only 10 people are needed to meet the national annual demand, which is 1/10 to 1/20 of the original labor number; the precision and roughness are large The range is improved. The inner hole precision of the steel pipe produced by this method can reach ±0.01mm, and the roughness can reach more than 0.8, which saves deep hole processing, reaming, extrusion, copper plating, and copper removal in the original production process. It can greatly improve the production efficiency; it can realize the mechanized production of subsequent processing and improve the labor efficiency of the user unit. Since the dimensional accuracy and smoothness of the product of the new process have been greatly improved, it is easy for subsequent processing and automatic production; due to the improvement of precision and roughness, the product quality and stability of small-caliber sports firearms can be greatly improved.
附图说明： Description of drawings:
图1为本发明工艺流程图。Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the present invention.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.
具体实施例一： Specific embodiment one:
如图1所示，运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管的生产工艺，依次包括以下步骤:棒材切断、穿孔、退火、校直、润滑处理、轧制、退火、校直、切头尾、检验、润滑处理、拔制和定尺。As shown in Figure 1, the production process of high-precision seamless steel pipes for sports firearms includes the following steps in sequence: bar cutting, piercing, annealing, straightening, lubrication treatment, rolling, annealing, straightening, head and tail cutting, inspection , lubrication treatment, drawing and sizing.
棒材切断中棒材的材料为45#钢。穿孔经加热至1100℃温度时进行，形成外径Φ42mm，壁厚6.5mm的圆管。退火的温度为850℃。轧制形成壁厚7.5mm，外径Φ20mm的无缝钢管。拔制成品为内径Φ4.5mm ，壁厚3mm枪管毛坯。退火是在专用无氧热处理炉经过处理，消除残余应力。The material of the bar in bar cutting is 45# steel. The perforation is carried out when heated to a temperature of 1100°C to form a round tube with an outer diameter of Φ42mm and a wall thickness of 6.5mm. The annealing temperature was 850°C. Rolling to form a seamless steel pipe with a wall thickness of 7.5mm and an outer diameter of Φ20mm. The finished product is a barrel blank with an inner diameter of Φ4.5mm and a wall thickness of 3mm. Annealing is processed in a special oxygen-free heat treatment furnace to eliminate residual stress.
本实施例加工出的运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管经检测外径尺寸的实际尺寸为Φ20.05mm～Φ20.08mm之间，内径尺寸的实际尺寸为Φ4.490mm～Φ4.500mm之间，厚度差在0.03mm～0.08mm之间，直线度在0.10mm～0.15mm之间，内孔粗造度在0.4µm～0.8µm之间。The actual size of the high-precision seamless steel pipe for sports firearms processed in this embodiment is between Φ20.05mm and Φ20.08mm, the actual size of the inner diameter is between Φ4.490mm and Φ4.500mm, and the thickness The difference is between 0.03mm and 0.08mm, the straightness is between 0.10mm and 0.15mm, and the roughness of the inner hole is between 0.4µm and 0.8µm.
具体实施例二：Specific embodiment two:
如图1所示，运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管的生产工艺，依次包括以下步骤:棒材切断、穿孔、退火、校直、润滑处理、轧制、退火、校直、切头尾、检验、润滑处理、拔制和定尺。As shown in Figure 1, the production process of high-precision seamless steel pipes for sports firearms includes the following steps in sequence: bar cutting, piercing, annealing, straightening, lubrication treatment, rolling, annealing, straightening, head and tail cutting, inspection , lubrication treatment, drawing and sizing.
棒材切断中棒材的材料为45#钢。穿孔经加热至1300℃温度时进行，形成外径Φ52mm，壁厚5.5mm的圆管。退火的温度为750℃。轧制形成壁厚3.5mm，外径Φ25mm的无缝钢管。拔制成品为内径Φ5.5mm ，壁厚5.5mm枪管毛坯。退火是在专用无氧热处理炉经过处理，消除残余应力。The material of the bar in bar cutting is 45# steel. The perforation is carried out when heated to a temperature of 1300°C to form a round tube with an outer diameter of Φ52mm and a wall thickness of 5.5mm. The annealing temperature is 750°C. Rolling to form a seamless steel pipe with a wall thickness of 3.5mm and an outer diameter of Φ25mm. The finished product is a barrel blank with an inner diameter of Φ5.5mm and a wall thickness of 5.5mm. Annealing is processed in a special oxygen-free heat treatment furnace to eliminate residual stress.
本实施例加工出的运动枪械用高精度无缝钢管经检测外径尺寸的实际尺寸为Φ25.05mm～Φ25.08mm之间，内径尺寸的实际尺寸为Φ5.490mm～Φ5.500mm之间，厚度差在0.03mm～0.08mm之间，直线度在0.10mm～0.15mm之间，内孔粗造度在0.4µm～0.8µm之间。The actual size of the high-precision seamless steel pipe for sports firearms processed in this embodiment is between Φ25.05mm and Φ25.08mm after testing, and the actual size of the inner diameter is between Φ5.490mm and Φ5.500mm. The difference is between 0.03mm and 0.08mm, the straightness is between 0.10mm and 0.15mm, and the roughness of the inner hole is between 0.4µm and 0.8µm.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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2013
- 2013-09-26 CN CN201310446167.6A patent/CN103707071B/en active Active
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| CN1168821A (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1997-12-31 | 跃进汽车(集团)公司 | Non skin-pass tech. for medium carbon, micro-alloy, seamless steel tube |
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Denomination of invention: Production process of high-precision seamless steel pipes for sports firearms Granted publication date: 20161207 Pledgee: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited Guangde sub branch Pledgor: GUANGDE DINGLI PRECISION STEEL PIPE Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2025980004957 |