CN103693944B - Aluminium of based on low tension electrical porcelain waste material silicon system aglite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention specifically relates to an aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. The technical plan is: use 40.0~80.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 10.0~50.0wt% of fly ash and 10.0~30.0wt% of clay as raw materials, first add 400~900L of pore-forming agent to each ton of raw materials , mixed, and then added 3.5~7.0wt% binder and 11.0~17.0wt% water of the raw materials, granulated and formed; then dried at 80~140°C for 22~34h, and kept at 1000~1300°C 2~12h, the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste is obtained. The invention has the characteristics of simple process, resource saving and environmental friendliness, and the prepared aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate has high volume stability and compressive strength and low volume density.

Description

Aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and its preparation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregates, and in particular relates to an aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Electrical ceramics (electric ceramics) mainly refer to insulating ceramics used in high and low voltage transmission lines, power stations and various electrical appliances, also known as insulators, and are an important part of the electric power industry. Porcelain materials mainly include ordinary ceramics, high-silicon porcelain and aluminum porcelain. High-silicon porcelain, also known as low-voltage electric porcelain, is usually used in low-voltage power transmission and transformation lines. The use environment of low-voltage electrical porcelain materials is harsh, resulting in very strict production processes. Once tiny cracks appear or the content of impurity elements exceeds the standard during production or use, they will be eliminated as low-voltage electrical ceramic waste. Every year, millions of tons of low-voltage electrical ceramic waste are eliminated from production lines and low-voltage transmission and transformation lines in my country, piling up like mountains, polluting the environment and wasting resources.

Thermal equipment such as kilns is an important equipment in industrial production, and it is also a place where energy and raw materials are extremely consumed. An important measure to improve the working efficiency of the kiln, reduce heat energy consumption and reduce its own weight is to use light refractory materials instead of heavy refractory materials to construct the kiln lining. Traditional lightweight synthetic materials have the defects of high impurities, large pores, poor heat insulation effect and low service temperature; advanced heat insulation refractory materials can increase the service temperature to 1500°C, but are high in price and low in strength, and are not suitable for promotion application. Therefore, it is necessary to develop lightweight monolithic refractory materials with high temperature and low price, which can not only effectively reduce the surface temperature of the furnace shell, ensure the safe operation of equipment and effectively reduce energy consumption, but also reduce the cost of use. Lightweight aggregates are an important part of the preparation of lightweight monolithic refractory materials. However, aggregates that are commonly used today have disadvantages such as inability to balance performance and cost, so that the optimal allocation of resources cannot be achieved.

"Method for preparing high-alumina mullite aggregate by using ceramic factory waste mud and industrial alumina" (CN101585711A) patent technology discloses that ceramic factory waste mud, bauxite after iron removal and industrial alumina are used as raw materials. Wet grinding and mixing to form a mixed slurry; the mixed slurry is granulated by a pressure spray granulation dryer to form a granular powder; after firing and sieving, mullite aggregates with different particle sizes and alumina contents are obtained. The defects of this method are mainly manifested in: (1) the process is complicated and the energy consumption is high; (2) the utilization rate of solid waste is low; (3) the particle size and component composition of the finished aggregate are uncontrollable.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and the purpose is to provide a method for preparing aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregates from low-voltage electric porcelain waste materials with simple process, resource-saving and environment-friendly; the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregates prepared by this method The volume stability and compressive strength of the aggregate are high, and the bulk density is low.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: with 40.0~80.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 10.0~50.0wt% of fly ash and 10.0~30.0wt% of clay as raw materials, firstly in each ton of raw materials Add 400~900L of pore-forming agent to the mixture, mix, add 3.5~7.0wt% binder and 11.0~17.0wt% water of the raw materials, and granulate; then dry at 80~140°C for 22~34h , heat preservation at 1000~1300°C for 2~12h to obtain aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste.

The particle size of the low-voltage electrical ceramic waste is less than 0.074mm; the main chemical components of the low-voltage electrical ceramic waste are: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 24.0wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 70.0wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 3.0wt%, Na ₂ O content ≤ 0.6wt%.

The particle size of the fly ash is less than 0.088mm, and the main chemical components of the fly ash are: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 30.0 wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 54.0 wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 0.8 wt%, Na ₂ O content≤0.05wt%.

The particle size of the clay is less than 0.088mm, and the main chemical components of the clay are: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 40.0 wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 55.0 wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 0.8 wt%, Na ₂ O content ≤ 0.1 wt%.

The pore-forming agent is one of bran, sawdust and spherical pitch.

The binding agent is one or two of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, dextrin and starch.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the raw materials used in the present invention are low-voltage electrical porcelain wastes that have been piled up in large quantities and have not been fully utilized at present, which not only slows down the environmental pressure but also saves the cost of processing a large amount of low-voltage electrical porcelain wastes, so turning waste into treasure, saving resources and the environment Friendly; the invention granulates the raw materials, and after drying and firing, the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste can be obtained, and the production process is simple; the pore size distribution of the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared by the invention is It is mainly distributed below 15 μm, concentrated between 5 and 8 μm, with a bulk density of 0.77 to 1.43 g/cm ³ , an apparent porosity of 36.9 to 59.8%, a reburning line change rate of ±0.5%, and a normal temperature compressive strength of 8.0 ~20.0MPa.

Therefore, the present invention has the characteristics of simple process, resource saving and environmental friendliness, and the prepared aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate has high volume stability and compressive strength and low volume density.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to avoid duplication, first the raw materials involved in this specific embodiment are described as follows:

The particle size of the low-voltage electrical ceramic waste is less than 0.074mm; the main chemical components of the low-voltage electrical ceramic waste are: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 24.0wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 70.0wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 3.0wt%, Na ₂ O content ≤ 0.6wt%.

The particle size of the fly ash is less than 0.088mm, and the main chemical components of the fly ash are: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 30.0 wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 54.0 wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 0.8 wt%, Na ₂ O content≤0.05wt%.

The particle size of the clay is less than 0.088mm, and the main chemical components of the clay are: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 40.0 wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 55.0 wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 0.8 wt%, Na ₂ O content ≤ 0.1 wt%.

No more details will be given in the embodiments.

Example 1

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 40.0~50.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 40.0~50.0wt% of fly ash and 10.0~15.0wt% of clay as raw materials, first add 800~900L of bran to each ton of raw materials, mix, and then add the above-mentioned The raw materials are 3.5~4.5wt% sodium lignosulfonate and 11.0~13.0wt% water, granulated; then dried at 80~100°C for 22~25h, kept at 1000~1100°C for 2~4h, That is, the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste is obtained.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 0.77-0.94 g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 56.3-59.8%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 8.0-10.5 MPa.

Example 2

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 50.0~60.0wt% low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 30.0~40.0wt% fly ash and 15.0~20.0wt% clay as raw materials, first add 600~700L sawdust to each ton of raw materials, mix, and then add the above-mentioned The raw materials are 4.5~5.5wt% sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose and 13.0~15.0wt% water, granulated; then dried at 90~110°C for 29~32h, and kept at 1100~1200°C for 4~6h , that is, aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 0.90-1.12 g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 50.6-54.2%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 12.5-15.0 MPa.

Example 3

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 60.0~70.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 10.0~20.0wt% of fly ash and 20.0~25.0wt% of clay as raw materials, first add 400~500L of spherical pitch to each ton of raw materials, mix them, and then add the 5.5~6.5wt% starch and 15.0~17.0wt% water of the above raw materials were granulated and formed; then dried at 100~120°C for 27~30h, and kept at 1200~1300°C for 6~8h, the product based on Aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 1.19-1.43g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 36.9-42.1%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 17.4-20.0MPa.

Example 4

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 70.0~80.0wt% low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 10.0~20.0wt% fly ash and 10.0~15.0wt% clay as raw materials, first add 500~600L sawdust to each ton of raw materials, mix, and then add the above-mentioned The raw materials are 6.0~7.0wt% dextrin and 12.5~14.5wt% water, granulated and formed; then dried at 110~130°C for 25~28h, and kept at 1150~1250°C for 8~10h, that is based on Aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 1.10-1.34 g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 46.3-51.7%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 13.9-16.8 MPa.

Example 5

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 45.0~55.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 20.0~30.0wt% of fly ash and 25.0~30.0wt% of clay as raw materials, first add 700~800L of bran to each ton of raw materials, mix, and then add the above-mentioned The raw materials are 1.5~2.0wt% sodium lignosulfonate, 2.0~2.5wt% dextrin and 14.5~16.5wt% water, and granulate; then dry at 120~140°C for 26~29h, and Heat preservation at 1150°C for 10-12 hours to obtain aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 0.82-1.03g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 51.0-55.4%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 12.0-14.7MPa.

Example 6

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 55.0~65.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 30.0~40.0wt% of fly ash and 10.0~15.0wt% of clay as raw materials, first add 650~750L of spherical pitch to each ton of raw materials, mix them, and then add the 2.5~3.0wt% sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, 3.0~3.5wt% starch and 11.5~13.5wt% water of the above raw materials were granulated; then dried at 100~120°C for 28~31h, and dried At ~1220°C for 3~5 hours, the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste is obtained.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 0.97-1.25g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 50.2-54.9%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 13.3-16.4MPa.

Example 7

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 45.0~55.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 25.0~35.0wt% of fly ash and 25.0~30.0wt% of clay as raw materials, first add 450~550L of spherical pitch to each ton of raw materials, mix, and then add the 1.0~1.5wt% sodium lignosulfonate, 2.5~3.0wt% dextrin and 13.5~15.5wt% water of the above-mentioned raw materials were granulated; then dried at 80~100°C for 23~26 hours, At ~1280°C for 7-9 hours, the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste is obtained.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 1.22-1.41g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 41.8-47.5%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 15.6-18.2MPa.

Example 8

An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste and a preparation method thereof. Using 65.0~75.0wt% of low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, 15.0~25.0wt% of fly ash and 15.0~20.0wt% of clay as raw materials, first add 750~850L of bran to each ton of raw materials, mix, and then add the above-mentioned The raw materials are 2.0~2.5wt% dextrin, 3.0~3.5wt% starch and 14.0~16.0wt% water, granulated; then dried at 110~130°C for 31~34h, and then dried at 1050~1150°C After 5-7 hours of heat preservation, the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste is obtained.

The aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared in this example is tested: the bulk density is 0.85-1.06 g/cm ³ ; the apparent porosity is 54.5-58.3%; the compressive strength at room temperature is 10.2-15.1 MPa.

The raw materials used in this specific embodiment are low-voltage electric porcelain wastes that have been piled up in large quantities and have not been fully utilized at present, which not only slows down the environmental pressure but also saves the cost of processing a large amount of low-voltage electric porcelain wastes, so it turns waste into treasure, saves resources and is environmentally friendly; the present invention The raw materials are granulated, dried and then fired to obtain the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical ceramic waste. The production process is simple; the pore size distribution of the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate prepared by the present invention is mainly distributed within 15 μm Below, concentrated distribution between 5~8μm, volume density is 0.77~1.43g/cm ³ , apparent porosity is 36.9~59.8%, reburning line change rate is ±0.5%, normal temperature compressive strength is 8.0~20.0MPa.

Therefore, the present invention has the characteristics of simple process, resource saving and environmental friendliness, and the prepared aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate has high volume stability and compressive strength and low volume density.

Claims (7)

1. A method for preparing aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste, characterized in that, 40.0 to 80.0wt% of low-voltage electric porcelain waste, 10.0 to 50.0wt% of fly ash and 10.0 to 30.0wt% of clay as raw material, first add 400~900L pore-forming agent to each ton of raw material, mix, then add 3.5~7.0wt% binder and 11.0~17.0wt% water of the raw material, and granulate; Dry at 80-140°C for 22-34 hours, and keep warm at 1000-1300°C for 2-12 hours to obtain aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical ceramic waste. 2. the preparation method of the aluminum-silicon series lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that the particle diameter of described low-voltage electric porcelain waste is less than 0.074mm; The main chemical composition of low-voltage electric porcelain waste is: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 24.0wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 70.0wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 3.0wt%, Na ₂ O content ≤ 0.6wt%. 3. the preparation method of the aluminum-silicon series lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the particle diameter of described fly ash is less than 0.088mm, and the main chemical composition of fly ash is: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥ 30.0wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥ 54.0wt%, K ₂ O content ≤ 0.8wt%, Na ₂ O content ≤ 0.05wt%. 4. The preparation method of the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the clay is less than 0.088mm, and the main chemical composition of the clay is: Al ₂ O ₃ content ≥40.0wt%, SiO ₂ content ≥55.0wt%, K ₂ O content ≤0.8wt%, Na ₂ O content ≤0.1wt%. 5. The method for preparing aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the pore-forming agent is one of bran, sawdust and spherical pitch. 6. the preparation method of the aluminum-silicon series lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electric porcelain waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that described binding agent is sodium lignosulfonate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, dextrin and starch one or both of them. 7. An aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste, characterized in that said aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate is based on low-voltage electrical porcelain waste according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The preparation method of the aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate is the prepared aluminum-silicon-based lightweight aggregate.