CN103658647B - Based on selective laser fusing SLM equipment and the processing method of four laser doubles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser selective melting SLM equipment and processing method based on four laser double stations. The equipment includes an optical system, a central industrial computer, a sealing molding room and a moving panel. The optical system is connected to the central industrial computer. The sealed molding chamber is isolated from the optical system and is located under the moving panel; the optical system includes two groups of fiber lasers and a light valve steering unit corresponding to each group of fiber lasers, a variable beam expander collimator unit and a scanning oscillator The mirror unit, the light valve steering unit, the variable beam expander collimating mirror unit and the scanning galvanometer unit are all arranged on the moving panel, and the sealed molding chamber is below the double-station positioning position of one of the scanning galvanometer units An optical lens is respectively provided, and an optical lens is also respectively provided below the double-station positioning position of the other scanning galvanometer unit. The invention can realize double-station scanning, and ensures high-efficiency and high-precision processing of large-sized formed parts.

Description

Laser selective melting SLM equipment and processing method based on four laser dual stations

technical field

The invention relates to a laser selective melting SLM equipment, in particular to a laser selective melting SLM equipment and a processing method based on four laser double stations, belonging to the technical field of laser selective melting.

Background technique

Laser selective melting SLM (Selective Laser Melting) equipment integrates laser, precision transmission, new materials, CAD/CAM and other technologies, and scans the selected area on the newly laid powder layer line by line through a fine laser focusing spot of 30 to 80 microns , after the surface profile is formed, the layer and layer are stacked and manufactured, so as to directly obtain metal functional parts with almost any shape and complete metallurgical bonding, and the density can reach nearly 100%; SLM equipment simplifies complex three-dimensional geometry into two-dimensional plane manufacturing, The manufacturing cost does not depend on the complexity of the part, but on the volume and molding direction of the part.

As an important way to directly manufacture metal functional parts, SLM equipment has the following advantages:

1) Using layered manufacturing technology, the formed parts are not affected by the geometric complexity, and any complex formed metal parts can be directly manufactured, which is convenient for the manufacture of personalized small batch complex products;

2) Using fiber laser with high power density, good beam mode, small laser spot and high forming precision;

3) Directly make terminal metal products. Due to the high laser energy density, metal materials with high melting point and difficult to process can be directly processed into terminal metal products;

4) Formed metal parts are entities with metallurgical bonding, their relative density is almost 100%, and their performance exceeds that of traditional castings.

However, the forming area of laser selective melting SLM equipment currently on the market is limited by the optical system. The maximum forming area of a single vibrating mirror is 280×280×350mm, which is not suitable for large-sized molded parts. At the same time, high power and large spot scanning can improve efficiency, and small spot can ensure molding accuracy. It is difficult for existing SLM equipment to guarantee high efficiency and high precision synchronously. Therefore, precision, efficiency, and molding size have always restricted the application and development of SLM equipment (especially when molding large-size parts).

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations that can realize double-station scanning and ensure high-efficiency and high-precision processing of large-sized molding parts .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a processing method for selective laser melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by taking the following technical solutions:

Laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser double stations, including an optical system, a central industrial computer and a sealed molding room, the optical system is connected to the central industrial computer, and is characterized in that it also includes a mobile panel that can realize double station positioning , the sealed molding chamber is isolated from the optical system and located under the moving panel; the optical system includes two groups of fiber lasers and a light valve steering unit corresponding to each group of fiber lasers, a variable beam expander collimator unit and a scanning The vibrating mirror unit, each group of fiber lasers includes two fiber lasers, each light valve steering unit is used to switch the input of the two fiber lasers, the two light valve steering units, two variable beam expanders The collimating mirror unit and the two scanning galvanometer units are both arranged on the moving panel, and the sealed molding chamber is respectively provided with an optical lens under the double-station positioning position of one of the scanning galvanometer units, and an optical lens is installed under the other scanning galvanometer unit. An optical lens is also respectively arranged under the positioning positions of the double stations of the unit.

As a preferred solution, the two groups of fiber lasers are respectively a first group of fiber lasers and a second group of fiber lasers, and the first group of fiber lasers includes a first low-power fiber laser and a first high-power fiber laser, and the The second group of fiber lasers includes a second low-power fiber laser and a second high-power fiber laser, the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser are used to form the boundary scan of metal parts, and the first high-power fiber The laser and the second high-power fiber laser are used for filling and scanning inside the forming metal parts; the two light valve steering units are respectively the first light valve steering unit and the second light valve steering unit, and the first light valve steering unit is used for For switching the input of the first low-power fiber laser and the first high-power fiber laser, the second light valve steering unit is used for switching the input of the second low-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser.

As a preferred solution, the SLM equipment also includes a first sliding guide rail and a second sliding guide rail parallel to each other, the moving panel is connected to the first sliding guide rail and the second sliding guide rail respectively, and the moving panel is connected to the first sliding guide rail. The part connected to the guide rail extends to the right, and the part connected to the second sliding guide rail extends to the left; the two variable beam expander and collimator mirror units are respectively the first variable beam expander collimator mirror unit and the second variable A variable beam expander collimator unit, the two scanning galvanometer units are respectively a first scan galvanometer unit and a second scan galvanometer unit, the first light valve steering unit, the first variable beam expander collimator The straight mirror unit and the first scanning galvanometer unit are connected in sequence, and the second light valve steering unit, the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit and the second scanning galvanometer unit are connected in sequence; the first variable The beam expander collimating mirror unit and the first light valve steering unit are sequentially arranged on the part extending to the right of the moving panel from left to right, and the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit and the second light valve steering unit are arranged from the right The first and second scanning galvanometer units are symmetrically arranged at the center of the moving panel, and the sealed molding chamber is arranged on the left side of the first scanning galvanometer unit. A first optical lens and a second optical lens are respectively provided below the station positioning positions, and a third optical lens and a fourth optical lens are respectively provided below the double station positioning positions of the second scanning galvanometer unit.

As a preferred solution, the SLM equipment also includes a screw screw, the screw screw is connected to the central industrial computer through the screw screw drive unit, and the screw screw is fixed by the screw screw drive unit under the action of the screw screw drive unit The connecting piece drives the mobile panel to move between the double stations along the first sliding guide rail and the second sliding guide rail.

As a preferred solution, the first light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to switch the input of the first low-power fiber laser and the first high-power fiber laser, and the second light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection The mirror switches the input of the second low power fiber laser and the second high power fiber laser.

As a preferred solution, the first scanning galvanometer unit is provided with a first set of scanning galvanometer mirrors for deflecting the laser beam transmitted by the first variable beam expander collimating mirror unit, and the second scanning galvanometer The mirror unit is provided with a second group of scanning vibrating mirrors for deflecting the laser beam transmitted by the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit, and the first group of scanning vibrating mirrors and the second group of scanning vibrating mirrors are respectively composed of two The galvanometer mirrors are orthogonal to each other; the bottoms of the first scanning galvanometer unit and the second scanning galvanometer unit are respectively provided with field mirrors for deflection correction of the laser beam.

As a preferred solution, the screw screw transmission unit adopts a servo motor.

As a preferred solution, a powder spreading unit is provided inside the sealed molding chamber, redundant powder recovery units are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom, and a molding platform for placing molding metal parts is provided at the center of the bottom, and the molding platform passes through the central The industrial computer is connected to form a structure that can move downwards.

Another object of the present invention can be achieved by taking the following technical solutions:

The processing method of the laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser double stations is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1) Divide the sealing molding room into two areas along the center line, Zone I and Zone II, and Zone I and Zone II correspond to the two stations of the mobile panel respectively;

2) When the optical system on the moving panel is in zone I, the first scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the first optical lens, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the third optical lens;

3) The central industrial computer sends signals to the first low-power fiber laser, the second low-power fiber laser, the first light valve steering unit, the second light valve steering unit, the first variable beam expander collimator unit and the second Variable beam expander collimator unit;

Turn on the first low-power fiber laser, and the low-power laser beam emitted by it enters the first light valve steering unit through the optical fiber, and the first light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to reflect the low-power laser beam into the first variable expansion Beam collimator unit, the first variable beam expander collimator unit changes the beam expansion factor according to the low-power laser beam, transmits the expanded low-power laser beam to the first scanning galvanometer unit, and passes through the first group of scanning After the deflection of the vibrating mirror and the deflection of the field mirror are corrected, the edge of the contour groove is scanned on the boundary of the formed metal part in the I area through the first optical lens;

Turn on the second low-power fiber laser, and the low-power laser beam emitted by it enters the second light valve steering unit through the optical fiber, and the second light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to reflect the low-power laser beam into the second variable expander. Beam collimator unit; the second variable beam expander collimator unit changes the beam expansion factor according to the low-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded low-power laser beam to the second scanning galvanometer unit, and passes through the second group of scanning After the deflection of the vibrating mirror and the deflection of the field mirror are corrected, the contour groove edge scanning is performed on the boundary of the formed metal part in the I area through the third optical lens;

4) After the ditch edge scanning in area I is completed, the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser are turned off through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel moves under the drive of the screw screw, so that the optical system on the moving panel enters In Zone II, the first scanning galvanometer unit is facing the second optical lens, and the second scanning galvanometer unit is facing the fourth optical lens. Continue to turn on the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser. For Zone II Contour edge scanning of the formed metal part boundary;

5) After the ditch edge scanning in Zone II is completed, the forming platform will automatically descend to one level under the action of the central industrial computer. At this time, the powder spreading unit will spread a layer of metal powder, and continue to use the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber Laser, scan the edge of the contour of the formed metal parts in Zone II. After the scanning is completed, the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser are turned off through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel is driven by the screw screw. , so that the optical system on the mobile panel enters zone I, and returns to step 3), until the scanning of the 4-10 layers of powder coating ditch is completed, at this time the first scanning galvanometer unit and the second scanning galvanometer unit on the mobile panel are in Zone II, that is, the first scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the second optical lens, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the fourth optical lens;

6) The central industrial computer sends signals to the first group of fiber lasers, the second group of fiber lasers, the first light valve steering unit, the second light valve steering unit, the first variable beam expander collimator and the second variable beam expander collimator;

The first low-power fiber laser is turned off, and the first high-power fiber laser is turned on. At this time, the 45-degree total reflection mirror of the first light valve steering unit moves out, and the high-power laser beam emitted by the first high-power fiber laser directly passes through the first light valve. The steering unit enters the first variable beam expander collimator unit, and the first variable beam expander collimator unit adjusts the beam expansion factor according to the output spot of the high-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded high-power laser beam to the The first scanning galvanometer unit, after being deflected by the first set of scanning galvanometer mirrors and corrected by the deflection of the field mirror, is used to scan the contour interior of the formed metal parts in Zone II through the second optical lens;

The second low-power fiber laser is turned off, and the second high-power fiber laser is turned on. At this time, the 45-degree total reflection mirror of the second light valve steering unit moves out, and the high-power laser beam emitted by the second high-power fiber laser directly passes through the second light valve. The steering unit enters the second variable beam expander collimator unit, and the second variable beam expander collimator unit adjusts the beam expansion factor according to the output spot of the high-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded high-power laser beam to the The second scanning galvanometer unit, after being deflected by the second set of scanning galvanometer mirrors and corrected by the deflection of the field mirror, is used to scan the contour interior of the formed metal parts in Zone II through the fourth optical lens;

7) After filling the interior of Zone II, turn off the first high-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel moves under the drive of the screw screw, so that the optical system on the moving panel enters In Zone I, the first scanning galvanometer unit is facing the first optical lens, and the second scanning galvanometer unit is facing the third optical lens. Continue to turn on the first high-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser. For I zone Contour internal filling scanning of formed metal parts in the interior;

8) Use the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser to scan the next 4 to 10 floors, and then use the first high-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser for internal Filling scanning, through layer and layer accumulation to complete the processing of large-sized formed metal parts.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. When the laser selective melting SLM equipment of the present invention is forming, a low-power fiber laser is used to first fill the contour of the formed metal part with a thickness of 4 to 10 layers, and then a high-power fiber laser is used to fill the inside of the contour of the formed metal part. Thereby greatly reducing the laser scanning time and increasing the molding efficiency by 4 to 5 times.

2. The laser selective melting SLM equipment of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to use. The screw screw drives the moving panel under the action of the screw screw transmission unit to realize the movement and positioning between the double stations, thereby realizing the scanning of the double stations , to ensure high efficiency and high precision processing of large-size forming parts.

3. The laser selective melting SLM equipment of the present invention can directly exchange information with the central industrial computer through the variable beam expander collimator, and automatically adjust the beam expansion factor according to the input laser beam. There are four optical lenses below, so that the energy of the laser beam can enter the molding chamber without loss.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the selective laser melting SLM equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view structure diagram of the laser selective melting SLM equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the switching principle of the first light valve steering unit in the selective laser melting SLM equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the switching principle of the second light valve steering unit in the selective laser melting SLM equipment of the present invention.

Among them, 1-sealed molding chamber, 2-moving panel, 3-screw screw, 4-first sliding guide rail, 5-second sliding guide rail, 6-screw screw transmission unit, 7-fixed connector, 8-laying Powder unit, 9-excess powder recovery unit, 10-molding metal parts, 11-forming platform, 12-first light valve steering unit, 13-second light valve steering unit, 14-first variable beam expander collimation Mirror unit, 15-the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit, 16-the first scanning galvanometer unit, 17-the second scanning galvanometer unit, 18-the first low-power fiber laser, 19-the first high-power Fiber laser, 20-the second low-power fiber laser, 21-the second high-power fiber laser, 22-the first group of scanning vibrating mirrors, 23-the second group of scanning vibrating mirrors, 24-field mirror, 25-the first optical lens , 26-second optical lens, 27-third optical lens, 28-fourth optical lens, 29-metal powder.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the laser selective melting SLM equipment of this embodiment includes an optical system, a central industrial computer, a sealing molding chamber 1, a moving panel 2, a screw screw 3, a first sliding guide rail 4 and a second sliding Guide rail 5, the optical system is connected with the central industrial computer, the sealed molding chamber 1 is isolated from the optical system and is located below the moving panel 2; the first sliding guide rail 4 and the second sliding guide rail 5 are parallel to each other, and the moving The panel 2 is connected to the first sliding guide rail 4 and the second sliding guide rail 5 respectively, the part of the mobile panel 2 connected to the first sliding guide rail 4 extends to the right, and the part connected to the second sliding guide rail 5 extends to the left. The screw screw 3 is connected to the central industrial computer through the screw screw transmission unit 6. Under the action of the screw screw transmission unit 6, the screw screw 3 drives the mobile panel 2 along the first sliding guide rail 4 through the fixed connecting piece 7 and the second sliding guide rail 5 to move between the double stations, the screw screw transmission unit 6 adopts a servo motor; the inside of the sealed molding chamber 1 is provided with a powder spreading unit 8, and the two sides of the bottom of the sealed molding chamber 1 are respectively equipped with The excess powder recovery unit 9, when there is excess powder during powder spreading, enters the excess powder recovery unit 9, and the center of the bottom of the sealed molding chamber 1 is provided with a forming platform 11 for placing the forming metal parts 10, and the forming platform 11 is connected to the central The industrial computer is connected, and the forming platform 11 can move downward under the action of the central industrial computer.

The optical system includes a first group of fiber lasers, a second group of fiber lasers, and a first light valve steering unit 12, a second light valve steering unit 13, and a first variable beam expander collimator arranged on the moving panel 2. Unit 14, the second variable beam expander collimator unit 15, the first scanning galvanometer unit 16 and the second scanning galvanometer unit 17, the first light valve steering unit 12, the first variable beam expander collimator The straight mirror unit 14 is connected to the first scanning galvanometer unit 16 in sequence, and the second light valve steering unit 13, the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit 15 and the second scanning galvanometer unit 17 are connected in sequence, and the The first group of fiber lasers includes a first low-power fiber laser 18 and a first high-power fiber laser 19, and the second group of fiber lasers includes a second low-power fiber laser 20 and a second high-power fiber laser 21. The first The low-power fiber laser 18 and the second low-power fiber laser 20 are used for boundary scanning of the forming metal part 10, and the first high-power fiber laser 19 and the second high-power fiber laser 21 are used for filling and scanning inside the forming metal part 10, so The first light valve steering unit 12 is used to switch the input of the first low-power fiber laser 18 and the first high-power fiber laser 19, and the second light valve steering unit 13 is used to switch the second low-power fiber laser 20 and the first high-power fiber laser. The input of two high-power fiber lasers 21; the first scanning vibrating mirror unit 16 is provided with a first group of scanning vibrating mirrors 22, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit 17 is provided with a second group of scanning vibrating mirrors 23, so The first group of scanning vibrating mirrors 22 and the second group of scanning vibrating mirrors 23 are respectively composed of two mutually orthogonal vibrating mirrors; the bottoms of the first scanning vibrating mirror unit 16 and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit 17 are respectively provided with field lens 24; the first variable beam expander collimating mirror unit 14 and the first light valve steering unit 12 are sequentially arranged on the part extending to the right of the moving panel 2 from left to right, and the second variable beam expander The beam collimating mirror unit 15 and the second light valve steering unit 13 are sequentially arranged on the leftward extending part of the moving panel 2 from right to left, and the first scanning galvanometer unit 16 and the second scanning galvanometer unit 17 are symmetrically arranged on The center of the mobile panel 2; the sealed molding chamber 1 is respectively provided with a first optical lens 25 and a second optical lens 26 below the double station positioning position of the first scanning galvanometer unit 16, and the second scanning galvanometer unit 17 A third optical lens 27 and a fourth optical lens 28 are respectively provided below the positioning positions of the double stations.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the first light valve steering unit 12 uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to switch the input of the first low-power fiber laser 18 and the first high-power fiber laser 19, and the first low-power fiber laser When the laser 18 is on the edge of the outline of the metal part 10, the 45-degree total reflection mirror is opened, and the first low-power fiber laser 18 enters the first variable beam expander collimator unit 14 through the reflection of the 45-degree total reflection mirror. ; When the first high-power fiber laser 19 is used to fill the profile of the metal part 10, the 45-degree total reflection lens is removed (as shown in the dotted line), and the first high-power fiber laser 19 directly passes through the first light valve The steering unit 12 enters the first variable beam expander collimating mirror unit 14 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the second light valve steering unit 13 uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to switch the input of the second low-power fiber laser 20 and the second high-power fiber laser 21, and the second low-power fiber laser When the laser 20 is on the edge of the contour boundary of the formed metal part 10, the 45-degree total reflection mirror is opened at this time, and the second low-power fiber laser 20 enters the second variable beam expander collimator unit 15 through the reflection of the 45-degree total reflection mirror. ; When the second high-power fiber laser 21 is used to fill the profile of the metal part 10, the 45-degree total reflection lens is removed (as shown in the dotted line), and the second high-power fiber laser 21 directly passes through the second light valve The steering unit 13 enters the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit 15 .

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the processing method of the laser selective melting SLM equipment in this embodiment includes the following steps:

1) Divide the sealing molding chamber 1 into two areas, Zone I and Zone II along the center line, and Zone I and Zone II correspond to the two stations of the mobile panel 2 respectively;

2) When the optical system on the moving panel 2 is in zone I, the first scanning vibrating mirror unit 16 is facing the first optical lens 25, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit 17 is facing the third optical lens 27;

3) The central industrial computer sends signals to the first low-power fiber laser 18, the second low-power fiber laser 20, the first light valve steering unit 12, the second light valve steering unit 13, and the first variable beam expander collimator Unit 14 and the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit 15;

Turn on the first low-power fiber laser 18, and the low-power laser beam emitted by it enters the first light valve steering unit 12 through the optical fiber, and the first light valve steering unit 12 uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to reflect the low-power laser beam into the first light valve steering unit. The variable beam expander collimator unit 14, the first variable beam expander collimator unit 14 changes the beam expansion factor according to the low-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded low-power laser beam to the first scanning galvanometer unit 16 After deflecting by the first group of scanning vibrating mirrors 22 and deflecting by the field lens 24, the first optical lens 25 scans the edge of the contour of the formed metal part 10 in the I zone;

Turn on the second low-power fiber laser 20, and the low-power laser beam emitted by it enters the second light valve steering unit 13 through the optical fiber, and the second light valve steering unit 13 uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to reflect the low-power laser beam into the second light valve steering unit. The variable beam expander collimator unit 15; the second variable beam expander collimator unit 15 changes the beam expansion factor according to the low-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded low-power laser beam to the second scanning galvanometer unit 17 After deflecting by the second group of scanning vibrating mirrors 23 and deflecting by the field lens 24, the third optical lens 27 scans the edge of the contour of the formed metal part 10 in the I zone;

4) After the ditch edge scanning in Zone I is completed, the first low-power fiber laser 18 and the second low-power fiber laser 20 are turned off through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel 2 moves under the drive of the screw screw 3, so that the moving panel 2 The optical system on the top enters the II zone, and now the first scanning galvanometer unit 16 is facing the second optical lens 26, and the second scanning galvanometer unit 17 is facing the fourth optical lens 28, and continues to open the first low-power fiber laser 18 and The second low-power fiber laser 20 scans the edge of the contour groove on the boundary of the formed metal part 10 in the II zone;

5) After the ditch edge scanning in Zone II is completed, the forming platform 11 will automatically descend to one level under the action of the central industrial computer. At this time, the powder spreading unit 8 spreads a layer of metal powder 29, and continues to use the first low-power fiber laser 18 and the second The second low-power fiber laser 20 scans the edge of the formed metal part 10 in Zone II. After the scan is completed, turn off the first low-power fiber laser 18 and the second low-power fiber laser 20 through the central industrial computer, and move the panel 2 Move under the drive of the screw screw 3, so that the optical system on the mobile panel 2 enters zone I, and return to step 3), until the scanning work of the 4-10 layers of powder coating ditch is completed, at this time the optical system on the mobile panel 2 In zone II, that is, the first scanning vibrating mirror unit 16 is facing the second optical lens 26, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit 17 is facing the fourth optical lens 28;

6) The central industrial computer sends signals to the first group of fiber lasers, the second group of fiber lasers, the first light valve steering unit 12, the second light valve steering unit 13, the first variable beam expander collimator 14 and the second Variable beam expander collimating mirror 15;

The first low-power fiber laser 18 is turned off, and the first high-power fiber laser 19 is turned on. At this time, the 45-degree total reflection mirror of the first light valve steering unit 12 moves out, and the high-power laser beam emitted by the first high-power fiber laser 19 directly passes through The first light valve steering unit 12 enters the first variable beam expander collimator unit 14, and the first variable beam expander collimator unit 14 adjusts the beam expansion factor according to the output spot of the high-power laser beam, and the beam expanded The high-power laser beam is transmitted to the first scanning galvanometer unit 16, after being deflected by the first set of scanning galvanometer mirrors 22 and deflected by the field lens 24, the profile of the formed metal part 10 in the II area is carried out through the second optical lens 26. fill scan;

The second low-power fiber laser 20 is turned off, and the second high-power fiber laser 21 is turned on. At this time, the 45-degree total reflection mirror of the second light valve steering unit 13 moves out, and the high-power laser beam emitted by the second high-power fiber laser 21 directly passes through The second light valve steering unit 13 enters the second variable beam expander collimator unit 15, and the second variable beam expander collimator unit 15 adjusts the beam expansion factor according to the output spot of the high-power laser beam, and the beam expanded The high-power laser beam is transmitted to the second scanning galvanometer unit 17, deflected by the second group of scanning galvanometer mirrors 23 and deflected by the field lens 24, and then the profile of the formed metal part 10 in the II area is carried out through the fourth optical lens 28. fill scan;

7) After filling the interior of Zone II, the first high-power fiber laser 19 and the second high-power fiber laser 21 are turned off through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel 2 moves under the drive of the screw screw 3, so that the moving panel 2 The optical system on the top enters the I zone, and now the first scanning vibrating mirror unit 16 is facing the first optical lens 25, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit 17 is facing the third optical lens 27, and continues to open the first high-power fiber laser 19 and The second high-power fiber laser 21 performs contour internal filling scanning on the formed metal part 10 in the I zone;

8) Use the first low-power fiber laser 18 and the second low-power fiber laser 20 to scan the next 4 to 10 floors, and then use the first high-power fiber laser 19 and the second high-power fiber The laser 21 performs internal filling and scanning, and completes the processing of large-sized formed metal parts through layer-by-layer accumulation.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical scheme of the present invention and Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations, including an optical system, a central industrial computer and a sealed molding room. The moving panel, the sealed molding chamber is isolated from the optical system and located under the moving panel; the optical system includes two groups of fiber lasers, a light valve steering unit corresponding to each group of fiber lasers, and a variable beam expander collimator unit and a scanning galvanometer unit, each group of fiber lasers includes two fiber lasers, each light valve steering unit is used to switch the input of two fiber lasers, the two light valve steering units, two variable The beam expander collimating mirror unit and the two scanning galvanometer units are all arranged on the moving panel, and the sealed molding chamber is respectively provided with an optical lens under the double-station positioning position of one of the scanning galvanometer units, and an optical lens is installed under the other scanning galvanometer unit. An optical lens is also respectively provided under the positioning positions of the double stations of the galvanometer unit. 2. The laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two groups of fiber lasers are respectively the first group of fiber lasers and the second group of fiber lasers, the first The set of fiber lasers includes a first low-power fiber laser and a first high-power fiber laser, the second set of fiber lasers includes a second low-power fiber laser and a second high-power fiber laser, and the first low-power fiber laser and the first Two low-power fiber lasers are used for boundary scanning of forming metal parts, and the first high-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser are used for filling and scanning inside the forming metal parts; the two light valve steering units are respectively the first light A valve steering unit and a second light valve steering unit, the first light valve steering unit is used to switch the input of the first low-power fiber laser and the first high-power fiber laser, and the second light valve steering unit is used to switch the first The input of the second low power fiber laser and the second high power fiber laser. 3. The laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations according to claim 2, characterized in that: the SLM equipment also includes a first sliding guide rail and a second sliding guide rail parallel to each other, and the moving panels are respectively Connected with the first sliding guide rail and the second sliding guide rail, the part of the mobile panel connected to the first sliding guide rail extends to the right, and the part connected to the second sliding guide rail extends to the left; the two variable beam expanders The straight mirror units are respectively the first variable beam expander collimator unit and the second variable beam expander collimator unit, and the two scanning galvanometer units are respectively the first scanning galvanometer unit and the second scanning galvanometer unit. Mirror unit, the first light valve steering unit, the first variable beam expander collimator mirror unit and the first scanning galvanometer unit are connected in sequence, the second light valve steering unit, the second variable beam expander collimator The straight mirror unit and the second scanning galvanometer unit are connected in sequence; the first variable beam expander collimating mirror unit and the first light valve steering unit are sequentially arranged on the part extending to the right of the moving panel from left to right, and the The second variable beam expander collimator unit and the second light valve steering unit are sequentially arranged on the part of the moving panel extending to the left from right to left, and the first scanning galvanometer unit and the second scanning galvanometer unit are arranged symmetrically At the center of the moving panel, the sealed molding chamber is respectively provided with a first optical lens and a second optical lens below the double-station positioning position of the first scanning galvanometer unit, and is positioned at the double-station positioning position of the second scanning galvanometer unit. A third optical lens and a fourth optical lens are respectively arranged below the position. 4. The laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser double stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: the SLM equipment also includes a screw screw, and the screw screw communicates with the central industrial control unit through the screw screw transmission unit Under the action of the screw screw transmission unit, the screw screw drives the mobile panel to move between the double stations along the first sliding guide rail and the second sliding guide rail through the fixed connecting piece. 5. The laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to switch between the first low-power fiber laser and the first For the input of the high-power fiber laser, the second light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to switch the input of the second low-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser. 6. The laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first scanning galvanometer unit is provided with a first variable beam expander collimating mirror unit The first group of scanning oscillating mirrors for deflecting the transmitted laser beam, and the second scanning oscillating mirror unit for deflecting the laser beam transmitted by the second variable beam expander collimating mirror unit mirror, the first group of scanning vibrating mirrors and the second group of scanning vibrating mirrors are respectively composed of two mutually orthogonal vibrating mirrors; the bottoms of the first scanning vibrating mirror unit and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit are respectively provided with Field lens for deflection correction of laser beams. 7. The laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations according to claim 4, characterized in that: the screw screw transmission unit adopts a servo motor. 8. The laser selective melting SLM equipment based on four laser dual stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the sealed molding chamber is provided with a powder spreading unit, the two sides of the bottom are respectively provided with redundant powder recovery units, and the bottom A forming platform for placing formed metal parts is provided at the center, and the forming platform is connected with a central industrial computer to form a structure that can move downwards. 9. A processing method based on four-laser dual-station laser selective melting SLM equipment according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) Divide the sealing molding room into two areas along the center line, Zone I and Zone II, and Zone I and Zone II correspond to the two stations of the mobile panel respectively; 2) When the optical system on the moving panel is in zone I, the first scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the first optical lens, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the third optical lens; 3) The central industrial computer sends signals to the first low-power fiber laser, the second low-power fiber laser, the first light valve steering unit, the second light valve steering unit, the first variable beam expander collimator unit and the second Variable beam expander collimator unit; Turn on the first low-power fiber laser, and the low-power laser beam emitted by it enters the first light valve steering unit through the optical fiber, and the first light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to reflect the low-power laser beam into the first variable expansion Beam collimator unit, the first variable beam expander collimator unit changes the beam expansion factor according to the low-power laser beam, transmits the expanded low-power laser beam to the first scanning galvanometer unit, and passes through the first group of scanning After the deflection of the vibrating mirror and the deflection of the field mirror are corrected, the edge of the contour groove is scanned on the boundary of the formed metal part in the I area through the first optical lens; Turn on the second low-power fiber laser, and the low-power laser beam emitted by it enters the second light valve steering unit through the optical fiber, and the second light valve steering unit uses a 45-degree total reflection mirror to reflect the low-power laser beam into the second variable expander. Beam collimator unit; the second variable beam expander collimator unit changes the beam expansion factor according to the low-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded low-power laser beam to the second scanning galvanometer unit, and passes through the second group of scanning After the deflection of the vibrating mirror and the deflection of the field mirror are corrected, the contour groove edge scanning is performed on the boundary of the formed metal part in the I area through the third optical lens; 4) After the ditch edge scanning in area I is completed, the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser are turned off through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel moves under the drive of the screw screw, so that the optical system on the moving panel enters In Zone II, the first scanning galvanometer unit is facing the second optical lens, and the second scanning galvanometer unit is facing the fourth optical lens. Continue to turn on the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser. For Zone II Contour edge scanning of the formed metal part boundary; 5) After the ditch edge scanning in Zone II is completed, the forming platform will automatically descend to one level under the action of the central industrial computer. At this time, the powder spreading unit will spread a layer of metal powder, and continue to use the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber Laser, scan the edge of the contour of the formed metal parts in Zone II. After the scanning is completed, the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser are turned off through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel is driven by the screw screw. , so that the optical system on the mobile panel enters zone I, and returns to step 3), until the scanning of the 4-10 layers of powder coating ditch is completed, at this time the first scanning galvanometer unit and the second scanning galvanometer unit on the mobile panel are in Zone II, that is, the first scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the second optical lens, and the second scanning vibrating mirror unit is facing the fourth optical lens; 6) The central industrial computer sends signals to the first group of fiber lasers, the second group of fiber lasers, the first light valve steering unit, the second light valve steering unit, the first variable beam expander collimator and the second variable beam expander collimator; The first low-power fiber laser is turned off, and the first high-power fiber laser is turned on. At this time, the 45-degree total reflection mirror of the first light valve steering unit moves out, and the high-power laser beam emitted by the first high-power fiber laser directly passes through the first light valve. The steering unit enters the first variable beam expander collimator unit, and the first variable beam expander collimator unit adjusts the beam expansion factor according to the output spot of the high-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded high-power laser beam to the The first scanning galvanometer unit, after being deflected by the first set of scanning galvanometer mirrors and corrected by the deflection of the field mirror, is used to scan the contour interior of the formed metal parts in Zone II through the second optical lens; The second low-power fiber laser is turned off, and the second high-power fiber laser is turned on. At this time, the 45-degree total reflection mirror of the second light valve steering unit moves out, and the high-power laser beam emitted by the second high-power fiber laser directly passes through the second light valve. The steering unit enters the second variable beam expander collimator unit, and the second variable beam expander collimator unit adjusts the beam expansion factor according to the output spot of the high-power laser beam, and transmits the expanded high-power laser beam to the The second scanning galvanometer unit, after being deflected by the second set of scanning galvanometer mirrors and corrected by the deflection of the field mirror, is used to scan the contour interior of the formed metal parts in Zone II through the fourth optical lens; 7) After filling the interior of Zone II, turn off the first high-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser through the central industrial computer, and the moving panel moves under the drive of the screw screw, so that the optical system on the moving panel enters In Zone I, the first scanning galvanometer unit is facing the first optical lens, and the second scanning galvanometer unit is facing the third optical lens. Continue to turn on the first high-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser. For I zone Contour internal filling scanning of formed metal parts in the interior; 8) Use the first low-power fiber laser and the second low-power fiber laser to scan the next 4 to 10 floors, and then use the first high-power fiber laser and the second high-power fiber laser for internal Filling scanning, through layer and layer accumulation to complete the processing of large-sized formed metal parts.