CN103650863A

CN103650863A - Deep-ditch hilling and livestock-poultry manure fertility improvement cultivation method for potatoes

Info

Publication number: CN103650863A
Application number: CN201310643192.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 狄正兴; 谈夕凤; 狄琦萍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-12-04
Filing date: 2013-12-04
Publication date: 2014-03-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-ditch hilling and livestock-poultry manure fertility improvement cultivation method for potatoes. The method includes the steps of A, applying manure; B, plowing; C, making a bed, with top width of 120cm and ditch width of 40cm; D, making 10cm deep 3573 holes per mu, with row spacing of 40*35cm; E, applying chemical fertilizer; F, sowing, namely sowing spring potatoes in loose, soft soil in late winter; G, earthing, namely covering seed potatoes with a 8-10cm loose soil layer; H, hilling, namely hilling deep ditches when seedlings are about 20cm high, and covering the seed potatoes with a 16-18cm thick loose soil layer; I, managing, namely well performing daily management. The method has the advantages that the step of single intertillage weeding is omitted, the adoption of hilling after topdressing with chemical fertilizer improves availability of the fertilizers, bed-ditch soil is used to hill the top of the bed, hilling is available however the soil is dry or wet, complex operations are simplified, and greater, faster, better and more economical results are achieved; soil fertility is improved with livestock-poultry manure from livestock and poultry farms, ecological environment is protected, the production of foods and vegetables is improved, and economic, social and ecologic benefits are improved.

Description

The potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer

Technical field

The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of potato, relate in particular to the methods of cultivation that spring potato zanjon hilling animal dung is fostered and apply fertilizer.

Background technology

Potato is the important crops of China's dry farming, and cultivated area and output occupy first of the world, and within 2010, area reaches 7,808 ten thousand mu, and 1044.3 kilograms of per unit area yields are compared with ten thousand mu of demonstration sides and prolific area, and per unit area yield differs 3 times of left and right.The high yield techniques such as potato detoxicating, stock breeding, plastic mulching are all promoted, and why does per unit area yield differ big? the innovation methods of cultivation, applying organic manure fertilizing soil, rationally increases overburden layer, will significantly enhance the per unit area yield of potato.

At present, the potato methods of cultivation, specifically comprise the following steps.

1, plough soil tilling depth 15cm left and right, holostrome hack.

2, do furrow, furrow face width 120cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, leveling furrow face.

3, beat cave, the dark 10cm in cave, furrow face distance between rows and hills 40 * 35cm, furrow ditch is at the average 53.3 * 35cm of interior distance between rows and hills, every mu of 3573 caves.

4, base manure, composite chemical fertilizer is executed in cave, the potato seed of semi supplied manure lid.

5, sowing, the spring potato in winter Mo of alternate freezing and thawing crisp pastry soil, sow, potato seed of every bunch planting, In The Middle And Lower Reaches sowing time of two sides, the Changjiang river in late January to early Febuary.

6, earthing, furrow ditch arrives clearly 15cm under the face of field, covers the 8-10cm layer that loosens the soil in potato seed.

7, management, the technology such as application breeding, vernalization, carry out intertillage reason ditch, impose fertilizer, the daily managements mission such as control disease pest and weed.

There is following defect in above-mentioned potato tillage method.

1, overburden layer is thin, and potato is tuber crops, and the tuber growth middle and later periods, due to the thin unfavorable how long potato of the overburden layer potato of growing up.

2, resistance is poor, and after the last ten-days period in April, temperature rise temperature is high, and property happiness cools and avoids hot potato, because overburden layer is thin, is subject to the harm weight of dry-hot wind.

3, fertilizer is few, and potato fertilizer requirement is large, and establishing in large scale be take chemical fertilizer as main, and fertilizer is few.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is in order to overcome existing spring potato farming overburden layer thin, resistance is poor, the defect that fertilizer is few, plant on the one hand the shortage of potato fertilizer, livestock and poultry farm animal dung can not get application and contaminated environment on the other hand, plant husbandry and aquaculture combine, before sowing, holostrome is used animal dung fertilizing soil, during sowing, overburden layer is thin, be conducive to soil temperature lifting in early stage, promote potato seedling early to send out, increase overburden layer mid-term and expand knot potato layer, be conducive to expanding of potato piece, a kind of potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer are provided.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer, specifically comprise the following steps.

A) execute excrement, plough or rotary tillage before, every mu of paving is executed 100 loads through the animal dung of composting high temperature sterilization.

B) plough soil tilling depth 15cm left and right, holostrome hack.

C) do furrow, furrow face width 120cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, leveling furrow face.

D) beat cave, the dark 10cm in cave, furrow face distance between rows and hills 40 * 35cm, furrow ditch is at the average 53.3 * 35cm of interior distance between rows and hills, every mu of 3573 caves.

E) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer is executed in cave.

F) sowing, the spring, potato was in the sowing of the winter Mo of alternate freezing and thawing crisp pastry soil.

G) earthing, furrow ditch arrives clearly 15cm under the face of field, covers the 8-10cm layer that loosens the soil in potato seed.

H) hilling, grow tall about 20cm of seedling, zanjon hilling, furrow ditch depth is translated into 30cm under the face of field, cuts out the 3cm of furrow side and weeds a garden and increase Tu Yuan, and furrow face is exempted from intertillage, and hilling is for intertillage, and clear furrow ditch is stopped up furrow face, covers the 16-18cm layer that loosens the soil in potato seed.

I) management, carries out daily management mission.

Further, described animal dung is chicken manure.

Further, described animal dung is pig manure.

Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer, save intertill and clean tillage operation one time, after imposing chemical fertilizer, hilling improves utilization rate of fertilizer, gets furrow ditch soil and stops up furrow face, and soil is partially dry partially to wet and all can carry out, simplify and get twice the result with half the effort, breeding is in conjunction with fertilizing soil.Early stage overburden layer quick heating in thin spring, mid-term, hilling increased overburden layer, the thickness that loosens the soil of knot potato layer has turned over some nearly, is conducive to potato and early sends out strong sprout, ties potato knot yampi more, per unit area yield is 2700 kilograms of left and right, mu amplification reaches 80%.The present invention has realized potato high and stable yields, depth of field ditch hilling, livestock and poultry farm animal dung fertilizing soil, preserves the ecological environment, develops grain vegetables and produce, and economic, society, Ecological Effect Yidu are improved.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1.

Winter slack field the potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer, specifically comprise the following steps.

A) execute excrement, plough or rotary tillage before, every mu of paving is executed 100 loads through the chicken manure of composting high temperature sterilization.

B) plough, plough early after the autumn harvest of field winter slack, the dry wet alternate freezing and thawing vegetable soil of soil block.

C) do furrow, furrow are done in the setting-out of holostrome hack, furrow face width 120cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, leveling furrow face.

E) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer is executed in cave.

H) hilling, grow tall about 20cm of potato set, zanjon hilling, furrow ditch depth is translated into 30cm under the face of field, cuts out the 3cm of furrow side and weeds a garden and increase Tu Yuan, and furrow face is exempted from intertillage, and hilling is for intertillage, and clear furrow ditch is stopped up furrow face, covers the 16-18cm layer that loosens the soil in potato seed.

I) management, carries out daily management mission.

Embodiment 2.

The potato zanjon hilling animal dung in the preserved vegetable field methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer, specifically comprise the following steps.

A) execute excrement, plough or rotary tillage before, every mu of paving is executed 100 loads through the pig manure of composting high temperature sterilization.

B) plough, the vegetable fields such as a variety of Chinese cabbage of listing in winter are ploughed in time alternate freezing and thawing vegetable soil after results about early January.

C) do furrow, furrow are done in setting-out, furrow face width 120cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, leveling furrow face.

E) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer is executed in cave.

I) management, carries out daily management mission.

Claims

1. potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

A) execute excrement, plough or rotary tillage before, every mu of paving is executed 100 loads through the animal dung of composting high temperature sterilization;

B) plough, thickness 15cm is ploughed in soil, holostrome hack;

C) do furrow, furrow face width 120cm, furrow furrow width 40cm;

D) beat cave, the dark 10cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 * 35cm, every mu of 3573 caves;

E) base manure, composite chemical fertilizer is executed in cave;

F) sowing, the spring, potato was in the sowing of the winter Mo of alternate freezing and thawing crisp pastry soil;

G) earthing, covers the 8-10cm layer that loosens the soil in potato seed;

H) hilling, the seedling 20cm left and right zanjon hilling that grows tall, covers the 16-18cm layer that loosens the soil in potato seed;

I) management, the technology such as application breeding, vernalization, carry out daily management mission.

2. the potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described animal dung is chicken manure above.

3. the potato zanjon hilling animal dung methods of cultivation of fostering and apply fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described animal dung is pig manure above.