CN103641632A - Lucid ganoderma substitute cultivation medium using paper mulberry wood saw dust as main material - Google Patents
Lucid ganoderma substitute cultivation medium using paper mulberry wood saw dust as main material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103641632A CN103641632A CN201310693402.XA CN201310693402A CN103641632A CN 103641632 A CN103641632 A CN 103641632A CN 201310693402 A CN201310693402 A CN 201310693402A CN 103641632 A CN103641632 A CN 103641632A
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- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于食用菌栽培领域，是一种以构树木屑为主料的灵芝代料栽培基质，其配方按干物质重量百分比计为：构树木屑占37%—73%；辅料为棉籽壳、麸皮、玉米粉中的一种或几种组成，占25%—62%；添加料为石膏1%，糖按配方需求加1%或不加；料水比1：1.3—1.5。本发明配方用于栽培灵芝，栽培周期适中，灵芝产量和品质相对于常规的杨木屑有明显的提高，与传统杨木屑栽培对比发现，本发明构树木屑栽培的灵芝单产高出18.12%，灵芝多糖含量高出9.82%。而构树作为一种具有丰富价值的野生资源，用于灵芝栽培将会进一步拓宽其利用方式，在环境保护、野生资源利用、增加农民收入、缓解菌林矛盾等方面都具有推广价值。The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivation, and is a ganoderma lucidum substituting cultivation substrate with wood chips as the main material. One or more of bran and corn flour accounts for 25%-62%; the additive is 1% gypsum, and 1% or no sugar is added according to the formula requirements; the ratio of material to water is 1:1.3-1.5. The formula of the present invention is used for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum, the cultivation period is moderate, and the yield and quality of Ganoderma lucidum are significantly improved compared with conventional poplar sawdust. Compared with the cultivation of traditional poplar sawdust, it is found that the per unit yield of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated with wood chips of the present invention is 18.12% higher. The polysaccharide content was 9.82% higher. As a wild resource with rich value, mulberry tree will further broaden its utilization mode when used in Ganoderma lucidum cultivation, and has promotional value in environmental protection, wild resource utilization, increasing farmers' income, and alleviating the contradiction between bacteria and forests.
Description
Technical field
This patent belongs to field of edible fungus culture, is a kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation matrix that paper mulberry wood chip is major ingredient of take.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma claims again Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, celestial grass etc., is the complete stool of the red sesame of polyporaceae plant or purple sesame.As the China's tradition valuable ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine that has thousands of years medicinal histories, possesses very high pharmaceutical use, modern pharmacology through scientific research institution's many decades studies confirm that, glossy ganoderma is for strengthening body immunity, regulate blood sugar, control blood pressure, auxiliary tumor chemoradiotherapy, liver protecting, promotes the aspects such as sleep all to have significant curative effect.Ganoderan is one of main effective constituent of glossy ganoderma medicinal function, has antitumor, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidant, reducing blood-fat and anti-aging effects.Triterpenes is also one of effective constituent of glossy ganoderma, and not lower over one hundred kind of the contained triterpenes of glossy ganoderma, wherein take tetracyclic triterpenes as main, the bitter taste of glossy ganoderma is relevant with contained triterpenes, human hepatoma cell is had to cytotoxicity, also can suppress the release of histamine, have and protect the liver and the effects such as antianaphylaxis.Ganoderma Lucidum is long-standing in China, and the development from cultivation basswood to substituting stuff cultivation technology has promoted glossy ganoderma artificial culture on a large scale.Glossy ganoderma grow needed nutritive substance and other edible mushrooms unanimous on the whole on the whole, as carbon nutrition, nitrogen nutrition, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc., in the proportioning of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation culture medium, tradition major ingredient has cotton seed hulls, weed tree sawdust, agricultural crop straw etc., auxiliary material has wheat bran, wooden chaff, Semen Maydis powder etc., separately has the addition materials such as gypsum, calcium superphosphate, white sugar.Glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation matrix wide material sources, supplementary material is selected the principle according to " nutrition is suitable, cheap ".Because land resources is deficient, the forest reserves fall sharply, and cause culturing raw material price increase, seriously restrict the development of cultivation of glossy ganoderma industry in recent years.Therefore finding novel culturing raw material is the key of dealing with problems.
Paper mulberry is as broad-leaved deciduous tree, and its wild resource amount is huge and widely distributed, and the hybridization seeds of artificial culture have also obtained large-scale pilot plantation; Paper mulberry environmental compatibility is extremely strong, and cuttage is waftd and kind can be bred, and becomes the tree cycle short, take wildly as main, in mountain area, vast rural area, how by felling, to be abandoned or as firewood; Paper mulberry " whole body is precious ", it all has outstanding advantage at aspects such as green feed, high-grade papermaking, pharmacy health care and even environment protection.Through chemical composition, detect, paper mulberry wood chip contains Water-soluble Total Sugar 8.37%, combines fiber 82.40%, xylogen 18.76%, and carbon-nitrogen ratio 111.8/1, from nutrition supply aspect, paper mulberry wood chip is extraordinary cultivation of glossy ganoderma raw material.Therefore, from protection of the environment, make full use of the natural resources, alleviate the angle of bacterium woods contradiction, paper mulberry wood chip is applied to the requirement that cultivation of glossy ganoderma meets Sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the problem for above-mentioned existence, a kind of super quality and competitive price be provided, high yield synergy take the glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation matrix that paper mulberry wood chip is major ingredient.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation matrix that the paper mulberry wood chip of take is major ingredient, its formula is counted by percent by weight of dry matter: paper mulberry wood chip accounts for 37%-73%; Auxiliary material is one or more compositions in cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, accounts for 25%-62%; Addition material is gypsum 1%, and sugar adds 1% or do not add by formula demand.Material-water ratio (siccative and the weight ratio that adds water) 1:1.3-1.5.
The optimum formula of choosing after hyphal development test is: paper mulberry wood chip 37%, cotton seed hulls 43%, wheat bran 11%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, gypsum 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.3-1:1.5.
A preparation method for the glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation matrix that the paper mulberry wood chip of take is major ingredient, the method comprises the following steps:
1) paper mulberry wood chip is processed in earlier stage: the particle diameter after the rear trunk of paper mulberry felling and branch peeling are pulverized by pulverizer is 0.5-1cm, dries standby.
2) batching: carry out culture medium formula by above-mentioned formula and prepare burden.
3) spice: first by paper mulberry wood chip, auxiliary material, gypsum, (or) sugar mixes formation siccative, then adds water and fully mixes formation culture medium thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but is not formed the globule.Material-water ratio 1:1.3-1:1.5.
4) pack: after spice finishes, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by base-material, can pack.Choose 17*35*0.05 specification acrylic plastering fruiting bag, charging (siccative) approximately 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants.
5) sterilizing: material bag is put into Autoclave, high pressure steam (121 ℃) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, or normal pressure (100 ℃) sterilizing 10-12 hour. after sterilizing finishes, will expect to wrap immigration cooling room, treat that temperature is down to below 30 ℃, can inoculate.
The present invention's formula is to choose after hyphal development test, and its mycelia rate of stretch is quick, and mycelia is healthy and strong.Later stage goes out in sesame test also to show that this formula is for cultivating ganoderma, and the cultivation cycle is moderate, and glossy ganoderma yield and quality is significantly improved with respect to conventional poplar bits.
The present invention be take substratum that paper mulberry wood chip is major ingredient and is carried out cultivation of glossy ganoderma and have feasibility, the contained nutritive substance of paper mulberry wood chip can fully meet the basic demand of ganoderma lucidum growth and reproductive growth, and it is attractive in appearance that the Ganoderma sporophore cultivating through above-mentioned formula is very large, quality is superior, find with traditional poplar cultivation on sawdust contrast, the glossy ganoderma per unit area yield of paper mulberry cultivation on sawdust exceeds 18.12%, and ganoderma polyoses content exceeds 9.82%.And paper mulberry has an abundant wild resource being worth as a kind of, for cultivation of glossy ganoderma, will further widen it and utilize mode, in environment protection, wild resource utilization, increase farmers' income, alleviate the aspects such as bacterium woods contradiction and all there is promotional value.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1) paper mulberry wood chip is processed in earlier stage: the particle diameter after the rear trunk of paper mulberry felling and branch peeling are pulverized by pulverizer is 0.5-1cm, dries standby.
2) batching: paper mulberry wood chip 37%, cotton seed hull 43%, wheat bran 11%, ground rice 8%, gypsum 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.3-1:1.5.
3) spice: first paper mulberry wood chip, cotton seed hull, wheat bran, ground rice, gypsum are mixed to formation siccative, then add water and fully mix formation culture medium thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule.
4) pack: after spice finishes, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by base-material, can pack.Choose 17*35*0.05 specification acrylic plastering fruiting bag, charging (siccative) approximately 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants.
5) sterilizing: material bag is put into Autoclave, high pressure steam (121 ℃) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, or normal pressure (100 ℃) sterilizing 10-12 hour. after sterilizing finishes, will expect to wrap immigration cooling room, treat that temperature is down to below 30 ℃, can inoculate.
6) inoculation: guarantee that transfer room is in sterile state, staff inoculates in strict accordance with aseptic technique flow process.
7) send out bacterium: after inoculation, bacterium bag is moved into culturing room, 24-28 ℃ of lucifuges are cultivated, and atmospheric moisture is controlled at below 70%, 30 days left and right mycelia can send out bacterium bag full, during need to turn over bag two to three times, clear up in time contaminated bacteria bag.
8) go out sesame management: mycelia is covered with after bacterium bag, through within 5-7 days, just reaching the ripening stage, can be moved to fruiting canopy and goes out sesame.Due to domain of the existence sex climate difference, this needs mushroom agriculture according to self region of living in, and choose reasonable cultivation season, according to the glossy ganoderma required condition of growing, notes regulating temperature, humidity, illumination etc.
9) gather: when Ganoderma sporophore edge white or light yellow disappearance, have a large amount of spore powder to eject, sesame cap surface, lid handle color and luster show when consistent that glossy ganoderma growth and maturity can gather.
Embodiment 2:
For filtering out best cultivation medium formula, with reference to traditional cultivation application formula, design following four kinds of substrate preparation schemes: 1. paper mulberry wood chip 73%, wheat bran 25%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.5; 2. paper mulberry wood chip 37%, cotton seed hulls 36%, wheat bran 25%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.3; 3. paper mulberry wood chip 37%, cotton seed hulls 43%, wheat bran 11%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, gypsum 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.4; 4. paper mulberry wood chip 58%, cotton seed hulls 30%, wheat bran 10%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.5.
Through unified inoculation culture, four kinds of different ingredients matrix hyphal development situations are as follows: filling a prescription, 1. initial stage hyphal development is slow, there is obvious speedup mid-term, later stage, aobvious stretching, extension was unable again, the full bottle time fills a prescription slow about one week compared with other three kinds, the pure white stalwartness of mycelia, but stretch inhomogeneously, mycelia has aging sign; Filling a prescription, 2. the mycelia rate of stretch is mild, neat, but sparse unable, slightly yellow; Filling a prescription, 3. mycelia is healthy and strong neat, stretches gently, and the full bottle time is moderate; 4. formula fills a prescription, and 1. mycelia elongation is slightly fast, more neat, but 3. mycelia is healthy and strong not as filling a prescription, and full bottle also omits late.
Contrast above-mentioned hyphal development situation, from aspects such as hyphal development speed, healthy and strong degree, consider, the 3. relatively more applicable glossy ganoderma later stage of filling a prescription goes out sesame, at aspects such as glossy ganoderma output, shape of product, quality, cultivation cycles, has better performance.Other three kinds of formulas also can adopt.
Embodiment 3:
To preferred substrate formula 3. (paper mulberry wood chip 37%, cotton seed hulls 43%, wheat bran 11%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, gypsum 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.4) go out sesame test.With conventional cultivation of glossy ganoderma major ingredient willow wood chip, compare, willow wood chip accounting 37%, other auxiliary material and adding proportion are with formula 3..Comparative test result is as follows: the stalwartness that the mycelia of cultivating containing the matrix of paper mulberry wood chip is cultivated compared with willow wood chip matrix, but the rate of stretch is not as good as the latter, goes out sesame slightly late; The output of ganoderma lucidum prod, proterties and Quality Detection result are shown, the regular color and luster of Ganoderma sporophore outward appearance that paper mulberry wood chip matrix is cultivated is vivid, cap is abundant, and output exceeds 18.12 percentage points than poplar cultivation on sawdust, and ganoderma polyoses content exceeds 9.82 percentage points, poplar bits generation material.
Above-mentioned formula is to utilize the practice for many years of willow cultivation on sawdust glossy ganoderma to grope to sum up out, in glossy ganoderma produces, has good advantage.Now utilize paper mulberry wood chip to carry out major ingredient replacement, received more significant high yield and effect of fine quality.
Embodiment of the present invention is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described; not design of the present invention and scope are limited; do not departing under the prerequisite of design philosophy of the present invention; various distortion and improvement that in this area, engineering technical personnel make technical scheme of the present invention; as change proportioning of each component of substratum etc.; all should fall into protection scope of the present invention, the technology contents that the present invention asks for protection, is all documented in claims.
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| CN104446820A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-03-25 | 桂林市和胤祥新型材料有限公司 | Kelp-added ganoderma lucidum substitute cultivation culture medium |
| CN104591908A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-05-06 | 张进 | Canoderma lucidum culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104744144A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
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| CN104744143A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN104770206A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金梅 | Lucid ganoderma culture method |
| CN105418264A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-23 | 桂林大野领御生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for substitute cultivation of ganoderma applanatum |
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| CN105503402A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-20 | 桂林大野领御生物科技有限公司 | Substitute cultivation medium for ganoderma lucidum antler |
| CN105622256A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-01 | 桂林大野领御生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum antler substitute material |
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