CN103635588A - 用于筛选具有体重调节作用的物质的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于筛选具有体重调节作用的物质的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于筛选具有体重调节作用的物质的方法。
背景技术
Synoviolin是作为在来源于风湿患者的滑膜细胞中过度表达的膜蛋白质而被发现的蛋白质(专利文献1)。并且,根据使用了转基因动物的研究,明确了Synoviolin为关节风湿症的发病必需分子。
蛋白质结构预测系统显示Synoviolin具有RING finger基序。该基序多见于对于蛋白质的泛素化起到重要作用的E3泛素连接酶等酶中,实际上,Synoviolin被证明具有作为E3泛素连接酶的特征之一的自泛素化活性(专利文献1)。但是,Synoviolin的体内的功能大多不明确。更具体而言,对于Synoviolin基因的破坏引起体重减少尚无任何报道。
肥胖是由运动不充分或习惯性过剩饮食、或者由遗传原因或内分泌疾病导致的代谢障碍等引起的。肥胖成为诱发心肌梗塞、动脉硬化等各种成人病的风险因素,也是使这些疾病恶化的重要因素,因此早期的治疗、预防是非常重要的。肥胖的药物疗法一向使用激素类药物、代谢促进剂等,已知几乎没有安全地减少体重或者抑制体重增加的药物。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:国际公开第02/052007号小册子
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
根据以上的现状,期望具有体重调节作用的物质的开发。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明人等使用Synoviolin基因的条件性敲除(gene conditionalknockout)的小鼠,初次发现Synoviolin基因的破坏引起体重减少,至此完成本发明。
即,本发明如下。
[1]一种用于筛选具有体重调节作用的物质的方法,包括:使待测物质与表达Synoviolin基因的细胞接触,以及确认待测物质是否影响Synoviolin基因的表达。
[2]根据[1]所述的方法,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为抑制Synoviolin基因的表达或表达蛋白质的失活。
[3]根据[1]所述的方法,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为促进Synoviolin基因的表达或者表达蛋白质的活化。
[4]一种用于体重调节的药物组合物,其包含含有与Synoviolin基因的转录产物互补的20~25个连续的碱基序列的、抑制Synoviolin基因的表达的核酸。
[5]一种用于体重调节的药物组合物,其包含Synoviolin蛋白质的泛素化活性抑制剂。
[6]一种用于筛选具有脂肪组织量调节作用的物质的方法,包括:使待测物质与表达Synoviolin基因的细胞接触,以及确认待测物质是否影响Synoviolin基因的表达。
[7]根据[6]所述的方法,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为抑制Synoviolin基因的表达或表达蛋白质的失活。
[8]根据[6]所述的方法,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为促进Synoviolin基因的表达或者表达蛋白质的活化。
[9]一种用于调节脂肪组织量的药物组合物,其包含含有与Synoviolin基因的转录产物互补的20~25个连续的碱基序列的、抑制Synoviolin基因的表达的核酸。
[10]一种用于调节脂肪组织量的药物组合物,其包含Synoviolin蛋白质的泛素化活性抑制剂。
[11]一种用于筛选具有脂肪细胞分化诱导调节作用的物质的方法,其包括:使待测物质与表达Synoviolin基因的细胞接触、以及确认待测物质是否影响Synoviolin基因的表达。
[12]根据[11]所述的方法,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为抑制Synoviolin基因的表达或表达蛋白质的失活。
[13]根据[11]所述的方法,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为促进Synoviolin基因的表达或者表达蛋白质的活化。
[14]一种用于脂肪细胞分化诱导调节的药物组合物,其包含含有与Synoviolin基因的转录产物互补的20~25个连续的碱基序列的、抑制Synoviolin基因的表达的核酸。
[15]一种用于脂肪细胞分化诱导调节的药物组合物,其包含Synoviolin蛋白质的泛素化活性抑制剂。
发明的效果
通过本发明的方法,能够提供新型的具有体重调节作用的物质。
附图说明
图1为基因打靶载体的设计图。
图2为根据饲养天数的体重的变化。
图3为根据饲养天数的存活率的变化。
图4为Synoviolin基因敲除小鼠和对照小鼠的、投与它莫西芬后第16天的脂肪组织病理切片。(1)白色脂肪组织、(2)褐色脂肪组织。
图5为Synoviolin基因抑制对于3T3-L1细胞株的脂肪细胞分化诱导的影响。○:分化的脂肪细胞、□:非正常脂肪细胞的脂肪滴。
具体实施方式
本发明中使用的待测物质可以使用任意的物质。对于待测物质的种类,没有特别的限定,既可以为低分子合成化合物,也可以为天然物提取物中存在的化合物,还可以为合成肽。或者,待测物质可以选自化合物文库、噬菌体展示文库或者组合文库。
本发明中,体重调节作用是指在处置的前后体重变化具有显著性差异的意思。体重调节作用例如通过脂肪组织量调节、脂肪细胞分化诱导调节而起作用。
Synoviolin为在内质网相关分解中起作用的E3泛素连接酶,普遍地存在于哺乳动物中。另外,Synoviolin的碱基序列能够通过已知的数据库取得。例如,人类的Synoviolin的登录号(Accession Number)为AB024690。
Synoviolin基因敲除小鼠是指:通过人为地改变Synoviolin基因区域的序列、阻碍其正常的表达,结果体内Synoviolin不能正常地起作用的小鼠。
另外,Synoviolin基因可以是部分或全部被改变或者缺损。此处,“全部”是指由Synoviolin基因组DNA的外显子1的5'端至最后的外显子的3'端为止的区域。另外,“部分”是指该区域的一部分,是为了阻碍Synoviolin基因的正常表达所需要的长度的区域。
进一步,“改变”是指通过置换、缺失、插入、和/或重排单个或多个核苷酸,将基因组DNA中的对象区域的碱基序列改变为其他的碱基序列。
Synoviolin基因的部分或全部被改变或缺损的敲除动物可以通过已知的方法制作。例如,如下述实施例所述,可以使用基因打靶法而制作。该方法中,将Synoviolin基因的外显子1的至少包含起始密码子的区域通过同源重组置换成其他的碱基序列,能够阻碍Synoviolin的正常的表达。另外,本发明的筛选方法中使用的敲除动物不仅是通过该方法制作的敲除动物,进而也包含其子孙。
成为本发明的敲除动物的对象的动物为非人类动物,没有特别的限定。可例示出例如:牛、猪、绵羊、山羊、兔、狗、猫、豚鼠、仓鼠、小鼠、大鼠等哺乳动物。其中,作为实验动物使用的,优选兔,狗,猫,豚鼠,仓鼠、小鼠、大鼠;其中,进一步优选啮齿科;能大量繁殖出近交系,并且考虑到受精卵的培养、体外受精等技术,特别优选小鼠和大鼠。
为了构建打靶载体,将对象动物的部分Synoviolin基因分离。例如,制作敲除小鼠的情况下,从小鼠的基因组DNA文库中筛选Synoviolin基因。使用得到的基因组DNA克隆,构建用于同源重组的打靶载体。基因组DNA克隆不需要基因全长,只克隆破坏Synoviolin基因并且抑制Synoviolin的表达所必须的区域即可。另外,打靶载体可以通过已知的方法制作,例如,通过以市售的质粒作为骨架,将上述基因组DNA克隆、正选择用的标记和负选择用的标记等各片段适当地连接而制作。
将通过上述方法制作的打靶载体通过电穿孔法等导入至受精卵、早期胚胎或者胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)等具有个体形成功能(分化全能性)的细胞中,之后,筛选发生目标同源重组的细胞。筛选可以通过正-负选择法使用试剂而选择。选择后,将发生了目标同源重组的细胞通过Southern印迹、PCR法等进行确认。最终,将确认有所希望的同源重组的细胞导入至从妊娠中的输卵管或子宫中提取的8细胞期胚胎或胚泡(blastocyst)。
将8细胞期胚胎或者胚泡按照常规方法移植至临时母体。使由临时母体出生的种系嵌合体动物(优选雄性)、与具有同源的野生型JLP基因的野生型动物(优选雌性)交配,由此能够得到同源染色体上的一个JLP基因通过同源重组而被破坏的杂合子作为第一代(F1)。进一步,通过使这些杂合子之间交配,可以得到同源染色体上的两个JLP基因被破坏的纯合子即本发明的JLP敲除动物作为第二代(F2)。纯合子的鉴定可以切断部分身体(例如,尾巴),提取DNA而通过Southern印迹、PCR法等检测基因型。
通过以下的实施例进一步具体地说明本发明,但本发明不受实施例限定。
实施例
将本实施例的Synoviolin敲除小鼠的制作中使用的基因打靶载体的设计图示于图1中。图中,由上依次地分别示意地表示:正常的Synoviolin基因(Wildallele)、用于制作Synoviolin敲除小鼠的打靶载体(Targeting Vector)、发生了同源重组的等位基因(Targeted allele)、导入了loxP序列的等位基因(Flox Allele)、去除了loxP-Exon2~14-loxP的等位基因(Deleted Allele)的结构。
使用小鼠Synoviolin基因的由外显子1的上游至外显子16的下游的区域的14.8kb的基因区域用于打靶载体构建。将FRT序列夹着的Neo耐性基因插入至外显子1和外显子2之间。另外,在外显子2的上游和外显子14的下游导入loxP序列。
将上述打靶载体导入至ES细胞。用PCR产物的长度确认利用Cre处理的loxP-外显子-loxP序列的去除以及利用FLP处理的FRT-新霉素-FRT的去除,由此筛选具有发生了目标同源重组的等位基因的克隆。
将发生了同源重组的上述ES细胞的克隆,通过已知的方法(例如,EMBOJ16:1850-1857)导入至小鼠胚胎中,从而得到嵌合体小鼠。进一步,使该嵌合体小鼠与野生型C57BL/6小鼠交配,得到去除了新霉素序列的小鼠。另外,组入打靶载体的外显子-Long arm之间的loxP序列有同源重组时缺损的可能性,所以用PCR确认其存在。
使得到的新霉素去除小鼠与CAG-CreER小鼠交配,得到CAG-CreERsynofl/fl小鼠。
对得到的CAG-CreERsynofl/fl小鼠投与它莫西芬(20mg/ml(玉米油),5mg/40g体重、腹腔内投与、0~4天投与即连续投与5天),诱导loxP-外显子-loxP的去除(CAG-CreER(+)synofl/fl)。作为对照,设置C57BL/6J(溶剂对照、它莫西芬投与)、(CAG-CreER(-)synofl/fl)(溶剂对照、它莫西芬投与)的各组。
其结果,在CAG-CreER(+)synofl/fl它莫西芬投与组中,确认依赖饲养天数的体重的减少。另一方面,在所有的对照组中均未确认到体重的减少(图2)。CAG-CreER(+)synofl/fl它莫西芬投与组中,饲养18~20天,全部死亡(图3)。在死亡例的尸体解剖中,在腹腔内脏器和胸腔内脏器中确认有稍微死后变化。另外,脾脏和胆囊小,通常淡黄色的胆汁变为无色。皮下/肾脏周围、睾丸周围的脂肪极少。
将投与它莫西芬后饲养第16天的小鼠的组织用4%甲醛固定,用石蜡包埋,通过切片机制作脂肪组织切片。
结果,与Synoviolin杂合敲除小鼠(CAG-CreER(+)synofl/+)相比较,在Synoviolin敲除小鼠(CAG-CreER(+)synofl/fl)中确认有白色脂肪组织、褐色脂肪组织的减少(图4)。
将3T3-L1细胞在DMEM(10%FBS,High Glucose)中在铺满(confluent)后培养3天。添加500μM IBMX、1μM地塞米松(Dexamethasone)、5μg/ml胰岛素(Insulin)诱导分化。同时地,添加10μM LS-102(Synoviolin的泛素化活性抑制剂)或者DMSO。进行3天培养后,置换成包含4μg/ml胰岛素的培养基,添加10μM LS-102或DMSO。进行3天培养后,置换成DMEM(10%FBS,HighGlucose),进行3天培养。关于siRNA,在分化诱导2天前,将200pmol siRNASyno770通过Lipofectamine2000导入。
Oil Red O染色
将3T3-L1细胞用PBS(-)洗涤后,用10%福尔马林(formalin)进行固定。用PBS(-)洗涤置换成60%异丙醇(Isopropanol)。用18mg/ml Oil Red O/异丙醇进行20分钟染色,用60%异丙醇和PBS(-)进行洗涤,用显微镜进行观察。
结果可知,被LS102或siRNA Syno770阻碍了Synoviolin基因的活性的细胞中,与对照相比较,分化的脂肪细胞变少,分化被抑制(图5)。另外,确认有环状的非正常脂肪细胞的脂肪滴。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的方法对于筛选具有体重调节作用的物质是有用的。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于筛选具有体重调节作用的物质的方法,包括:使待测物质与表达Synoviolin基因的细胞接触,以及确认待测物质是否影响Synoviolin基因的表达。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为抑制Synoviolin基因的表达或表达蛋白质的失活。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为促进Synoviolin基因的表达或者表达蛋白质的活化。
4.一种用于体重调节的药物组合物,其包含含有与Synoviolin基因的转录产物互补的20~25个连续的碱基序列的、抑制Synoviolin基因的表达的核酸。
5.一种用于体重调节的药物组合物,其包含Synoviolin蛋白质的泛素化活性抑制剂。
6.一种用于筛选具有脂肪组织量调节作用的物质的方法,包括:使待测物质与表达Synoviolin基因的细胞接触,以及确认待测物质是否影响Synoviolin基因的表达。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为抑制Synoviolin基因的表达或表达蛋白质的失活。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为促进Synoviolin基因的表达或者表达蛋白质的活化。
9.一种用于调节脂肪组织量的药物组合物,其包含含有与Synoviolin基因的转录产物互补的20~25个连续的序列的、抑制Synoviolin基因的表达的核酸。
10.一种用于调节脂肪组织量的药物组合物,其包含Synoviolin蛋白质的泛素化活性抑制剂。
11.一种用于筛选具有脂肪细胞分化诱导调节作用的物质的方法,其包括:使待测物质与表达Synoviolin基因的细胞接触、以及确认待测物质是否影响Synoviolin基因的表达。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为抑制Synoviolin基因的表达或表达蛋白质的失活。
13.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,对Synoviolin基因的表达的影响为促进Synoviolin基因的表达或者表达蛋白质的活化。
14.一种用于脂肪细胞分化诱导调节的药物组合物,其包含含有与Synoviolin基因的转录产物互补的20~25个连续的碱基序列的、抑制Synoviolin基因的表达的核酸。
15.一种用于脂肪细胞分化诱导调节的药物组合物,其包含Synoviolin蛋白质的泛素化活性抑制剂。
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CN114470214A (zh) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-05-13 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | 去泛素化酶zranb1调节脂质代谢的功能及应用 |
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RU2750567C2 (ru) | 2018-04-20 | 2021-06-29 | Иллумина, Инк. | Способы инкапсулирования одиночных клеток, инкапсулированные клетки и способы их применения |
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WO2002052007A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-04 | Locomogene, Inc. | Proteine de cellule de membrane synoviale |
CN1491280A (zh) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-04-21 | ��ī�����˹��ʽ���� | 滑膜细胞蛋白质 |
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CN114470214A (zh) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-05-13 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | 去泛素化酶zranb1调节脂质代谢的功能及应用 |
CN114470214B (zh) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-21 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | 去泛素化酶zranb1调节脂质代谢的功能及应用 |
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