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CN103623772A - Absorbent for removing and recovering liquid-phase mercury as well as preparation method and using method thereof - Google Patents

Absorbent for removing and recovering liquid-phase mercury as well as preparation method and using method thereof Download PDF

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CN103623772A
CN103623772A CN201310633361.5A CN201310633361A CN103623772A CN 103623772 A CN103623772 A CN 103623772A CN 201310633361 A CN201310633361 A CN 201310633361A CN 103623772 A CN103623772 A CN 103623772A
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adsorbent
mercury
nano
liquid phase
carrier
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CN103623772B (en
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瞿赞
李良
晏乃强
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Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂及其制备方法和使用方法,以高比表面积和大孔容的材料为载体,在其上负载硫化物或硒化物纳米吸附剂,制成具有高吸附容量的离子交换纳米除汞吸附剂。将纳米除汞吸附剂制作成过滤层对含汞离子的废液进行过滤处理,利用材料上的金属离子与汞离子的交换,将液相中的汞离子吸附到吸附剂上,达到液相除汞的目的。该吸附剂具有吸附容量大、吸附速率快的特点,适合于燃煤烟气、有色金属冶炼烟气以及其他涉汞行业的废水除汞治理。The invention relates to an adsorbent for removing and recovering liquid-phase mercury and its preparation method and application method. A material with a high specific surface area and a large pore volume is used as a carrier, and a sulfide or selenide nano-adsorbent is loaded thereon. An ion-exchange nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent with high adsorption capacity is prepared. The nano-mercury removal adsorbent is made into a filter layer to filter the waste liquid containing mercury ions, and the mercury ions in the liquid phase are adsorbed on the adsorbent by using the exchange of metal ions on the material with mercury ions to achieve liquid phase removal. purpose of mercury. The adsorbent has the characteristics of large adsorption capacity and fast adsorption rate, and is suitable for mercury removal treatment of coal-fired flue gas, non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas, and other mercury-related industries.

Description

A kind of for removing and reclaim adsorbent and preparation method thereof and the using method of liquid phase mercury
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of waste water removal of mercury technology of field of environment protection, mainly by the exchange of the metal ion on adsorbent and mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury.
Background technology
Owing to having the features such as persistence, easy animal migration, bioaccumulation and high toxicity, mercury pollution has caused the extensive concern of international community.In January, 2013 the United Nations's government-to-government talks committee has passed through the international control of a legally binding < < mercury pollution pact > >, will control in the world and reduce mercury emissions.China, because mercury emission is larger, will be faced with the severe pressure of honouring an agreement.Coal-fired flue-gas and non-ferrous metal metallurgy flue gas are considered to the anthropogenic discharge source of topmost two mercury.Therefore, the mercury control technology of these two industries receives much concern.In coal-fired flue-gas mercury control process, utilize oxidation means that the nonvalent mercury in flue gas is converted into divalence mercury, and then technology divalence mercury being absorbed by wet desulfurizing process is the technology that current research is the most popular.Although this technology can effectively reduce the Mercury In Coal Combustion Flue Gas concentration that is discharged into atmosphere, will certainly increase the mercury concentration in doctor solution, mercury pollution is transferred to water body from atmosphere.And in non-ferrous metal metallurgy flue gas purifying technique, generally all can have the technique of wet sprinkling to reduce flue-gas temperature.In wet sprinkling process, inevitably the divalence mercury in flue gas can be transferred in cleaning solution, be caused the mercury Enrichment in scrub raffinate.Also have other to relate to mercury industry, more or less all can produce some mercurous waste liquids.These mercurous waste liquids generally all can pass through some necessary treatment process before discharge, to remove heavy metal Hg wherein, also had much relevant research for this reason.As disclosing, patent CN201110042926.3 a kind ofly adds vulcanizing agent and composite assistant makes Hg in waste water 2+change the method for HgS particle precipitation into; The active carbon that patent CN96108886.9 discloses a kind of carrying alkali metal or alkaline earth sulfide is removed the method for the mercury and mercuric compounds in liquid hydrocarbon.But the method major part that in current waste liquid, mercury is removed is to utilize active carbon by mercury Adsorption, or utilizing sulfide to generate HgS with reacting of mercury precipitates to remove the mercury in liquid phase.But the adsorption capacity of adsorbent is generally smaller, if a large amount of use can cause operating cost high; And the method for utilizing sulfide to generate HgS is difficult to make mercury and sulfur cycle utilization; If mishandling, these methods may cause secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, to provide a kind of for removing and reclaim adsorbent and preparation method thereof and the using method of liquid phase mercury.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of for removing and reclaim the adsorbent of liquid phase mercury, it is characterized in that, this adsorbent is the nano adsorber loading on adsorbing agent carrier, the load capacity 1~50wt% of described nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier.
Described nano adsorber is metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber.
Described adsorbing agent carrier is to have large specific area and the material of pore volume, comprises aluminium oxide, diatomite, molecular sieve, attapulgite, zeolite or active carbon.
For removing and reclaim a preparation method for the adsorbent of liquid phase mercury, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose adsorbing agent carrier;
The nano adsorption agent solution of second step, configuration high concentration;
The 3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the nano adsorption agent solution of high concentration, and by stirring nano adsorption agent solution, it is fully contacted with adsorbing agent carrier, utilize electrostatic attraction or chemical attachment attract a large amount of nano adsorbers to enter in the duct of adsorbing agent carrier and are carried on its surface;
The 4th step, until adsorbing agent carrier, with after nano adsorption agent solution mixing 1-3h, is separated adsorbing agent carrier by filtering, and is dried under room temperature from nano adsorption agent solution, obtains adsorbent.
The nano adsorption agent solution of described high concentration refers to the nano adsorption agent solution that one or more metal sulfides in zinc, iron, aluminium, titanium, manganese, calcium or selenides are configured to, and its concentration range is 0.1-10.0mol/L.
The speed of the stirring described in the 3rd step is 60 revs/min-300 revs/min.
The described dry temperature of step (4) is 15~30 ℃, by calcining 0.1-2.0h at dried adsorbing agent carrier 100-250 ℃, forms stable nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent.
A kind of for removing and reclaim the using method of the adsorbent of liquid phase mercury, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: a. is made into filter course by the nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent preparing the waste liquid containing mercury ion is carried out to filtration treatment, utilize metal ion on material and the exchange of mercury ion, mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury; B. in the waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches certain value, nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent filter course is changed, and by special processing means, the mercury being adsorbed on adsorbent is carried out to desorb and recovery.
The described waste liquid containing mercury ion is with the flow velocity of 0.05-0.5m/s by the filter course of being made by nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent, and the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 10-120s; In waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, need nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent filter course to change, change the nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent of enriched mercury at 500-800 ℃ of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbing condensation at subzero 20-50 ℃ temperature is reclaimed.
It is carrier that the inventive method be take the material of high-specific surface area and large pore volume, and sulfur loaded compound or selenides nano adsorber, make the ion-exchange nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent with high-adsorption-capacity thereon.During use, adsorbent is directly immersed and is rich in the solution of mercury ion, utilize metal ion on adsorbent and the exchange of mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury.This adsorbent has the advantages that adsorption capacity is large, the rate of adsorption is fast, is suitable for coal-fired flue-gas, non-ferrous metal metallurgy flue gas and other waste water removal of mercury that relates to mercury industry and administers.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantages:
1, the present invention utilizes the sources such as aluminium oxide to enrich low-cost material as carrier, and loaded metal sulfide nano adsorber is prepared the adsorbent of high-adsorption-capacity and speed, and price is very cheap;
2, by enrichment the adsorbent of high concentration mercury can focus on, by the method for desorption under high temperature and cryogenic condensation, realize the recovery resource of mercury.
3, the metal ion itself entering in liquid phase by ion-exchange in use procedure of the present invention is nontoxic, can not cause secondary pollution;
4, using method of the present invention is very convenient, only needs that nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent is made to filter course mercurous waste liquid is carried out to filtration treatment, gets final product the ionic mercury in efficient adsorption liquid phase.
5, the present invention is applicable to coal-fired flue-gas, non-ferrous metal metallurgy flue gas and other mercurous waste liquids that relates to mercury industry are removed and recycling.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment is implemented under with technical solution of the present invention prerequisite, have provided detailed embodiment and specific operation process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.In the present invention program in implementation process, emphasis take that to realize divalence mercury efficient adsorption be target.
Embodiment 1
Taking 10g particle diameter is that 0.25mm activated alumina is standby as adsorbing agent carrier, configuration 100ml zinc sulfide nano sorbent reactions precursor solution (zinc chloride 0.5mol/L, thiocarbamide 2mol/L, mercaptopropionic acid 1.5mol/L).10g activated alumina is immersed in nano adsorber reacting precursor solution, was at 95 ℃ in temperature, with the rotating speeds of 100 revs/min, stirring reaction 1 hour.Load is had to the activated alumina of zinc sulphide by isolated by filtration out, under 25 degree room temperatures, be dried 5 hours, make zinc sulfide nano mercury-removing adsorbent.Through detecting, on activated alumina, the load capacity of nano adsorber is about 32%.Mercury-removing adsorbent specific area is about 367m 2/ g.
Embodiment 2
The molecular sieve that takes 10g particle diameter and be 0.25mm is standby as adsorbing agent carrier, configuration 100ml ferrous sulfide nano adsorber precursor solution (frerrous chloride 1mol/L, oleic acid 3mol/L, sulphur simple substance 3mol/L, octadecylene 100ml).10g molecular sieve is immersed in 100ml ferrous sulfide nano adsorber precursor solution, when temperature is 250 ℃, with the rotating speed stirring reactions of 500 revs/min 1 hour.There is the molecular sieve of iron sulfide to separate by filtration washing load, under 25 ℃ of room temperatures, be dried 5 hours, make ferrous sulfide mercury-removing adsorbent.Through detecting, on molecular sieve, the load capacity of nano adsorber is about 45%.Mercury-removing adsorbent specific area is 483m 2/ g.
Embodiment 3
The zinc sulfide nano adsorbent of embodiment 1 preparation is got to 0.1g and place in the mercuric chloride solution that 50mL concentration is 200mg/L, and stir with the speed of 400 revs/min.After 5 minutes, solution, by filtration treatment, is detected filtrate, result shows that in solution, the removal efficiency of mercury is greater than 99.9%, remaining ion concentration of mercury is less than 1 μ g/L.
Embodiment 4
For removing and reclaim preparation method and the using method of the adsorbent of liquid phase mercury, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose there is large specific area and pore volume diatomite as adsorbing agent carrier;
The nano adsorption agent solution of second step, configuration high concentration: concentration is 0.1mol/L aluminum selenide solution.
The 3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal selenide nano adsorber, and by stirring nano adsorption agent solution, it is fully contacted with adsorbing agent carrier, 60 revs/min of mixing speeds, utilize electrostatic attraction or chemical attachment attract a large amount of nano adsorbers to enter in the duct of adsorbing agent carrier and are carried on its surface;
The 4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and to be positioned under 15 ℃ of room temperatures dryly, to obtain nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent.The load capacity 1wt% of described nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier;
The 5th step, dried adsorbing agent carrier is calcined to 2.0h under 100 ℃ of conditions, form stable nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent;
The 6th step, the nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent preparing is made into filter course to carrying out filtration treatment containing the waste liquid of mercury ion, containing the waste liquid of mercury ion with the flow velocity of 0.1m/s by the filter course of being made by nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent, the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 30s; Utilize metal ion on material and the exchange of mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury;
In the 7th step, the waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, need nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent filter course to change, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 500-800 ℃ of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbing condensation at subzero 20-50 ℃ temperature is reclaimed.
Embodiment 5
For removing and reclaim preparation method and the using method of the adsorbent of liquid phase mercury, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose there is large specific area and pore volume diatomite as adsorbing agent carrier;
The nano adsorption agent solution of second step, configuration high concentration: concentration is 10.0mol/L calcium selenide solution.
The 3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal selenide nano adsorber, and by stirring nano adsorption agent solution, it is fully contacted with adsorbing agent carrier, 300 revs/min of mixing speeds, utilize electrostatic attraction or chemical attachment attract a large amount of nano adsorbers to enter in the duct of adsorbing agent carrier and are carried on its surface;
The 4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and to be positioned under 30 ℃ of room temperatures dryly, to obtain nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent.The load capacity 50wt% of described nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier;
The 5th step, dried adsorbing agent carrier is calcined to 0.1h under 250 ℃ of conditions, form stable nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent;
The 6th step, the nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent preparing is made into filter course to carrying out filtration treatment containing the waste liquid of mercury ion, containing the waste liquid of mercury ion with the flow velocity of 0.05m/s by the filter course of being made by nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent, the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 120s; Utilize metal ion on material and the exchange of mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury;
In the 7th step, the waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, need nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent filter course to change, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 500-800 ℃ of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbing condensation at subzero 20-50 ℃ temperature is reclaimed.

Claims (9)

1.一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂,其特征在于,该吸附剂为负载在吸附剂载体上的纳米吸附剂,所述的纳米吸附剂在吸附剂载体上的负载量1~50wt%。1. An adsorbent for removing and reclaiming liquid phase mercury, characterized in that, the adsorbent is a nano-adsorbent loaded on the adsorbent carrier, and the loading of the nano-adsorbent on the adsorbent carrier is 1 ~50wt%. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂,其特征在于,所述的纳米吸附剂为金属硫化物或金属硒化物纳米吸附剂。2. A kind of adsorbent for removing and recovering liquid-phase mercury according to claim 1, characterized in that, said nano-adsorbent is a metal sulfide or metal selenide nano-adsorbent. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂,其特征在于,所述的吸附剂载体为具有大的比表面积和孔容的材料,包括氧化铝、硅藻土、分子筛、凹凸棒土、沸石或活性炭等。3. A kind of adsorbent for removing and reclaiming liquid phase mercury according to claim 1, characterized in that, said adsorbent carrier is a material with large specific surface area and pore volume, including alumina, silicon Alginate earth, molecular sieve, attapulgite, zeolite or activated carbon, etc. 4.一种如权利要求1所述的用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:4. a preparation method for removing and reclaiming the adsorbent of liquid phase mercury as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 第一步、选取吸附剂载体;The first step, select the adsorbent carrier; 第二步、配置高浓度的纳米吸附剂溶液;The second step is to configure a high-concentration nano-adsorbent solution; 第三步、将吸附剂载体浸渍于高浓度的纳米吸附剂溶液中,并通过搅拌纳米吸附剂溶液使其与吸附剂载体充分接触,利用静电引力或化学附着吸引大量纳米吸附剂进入吸附剂载体的孔道内并负载于其表面;The third step is to immerse the adsorbent carrier in a high-concentration nano-adsorbent solution, and stir the nano-adsorbent solution to make it fully contact with the adsorbent carrier, and use electrostatic attraction or chemical attachment to attract a large number of nano-adsorbents into the adsorbent carrier in the channel and loaded on its surface; 第四步、待到吸附剂载体与纳米吸附剂溶液混合1-3h后,通过过滤将吸附剂载体从纳米吸附剂溶液中分离出来,并于室温下干燥,得到吸附剂。Step 4: After the adsorbent carrier and the nano-adsorbent solution are mixed for 1-3 hours, the adsorbent carrier is separated from the nano-adsorbent solution by filtration, and dried at room temperature to obtain the adsorbent. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的高浓度的纳米吸附剂溶液是指由锌、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙等无害金属中的一种或几种金属硫化物或硒化物所配置成的纳米吸附剂溶液,其浓度范围是0.1-10.0mol/L。5. a kind of preparation method that is used to remove and reclaim the sorbent of liquid phase mercury according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described high-concentration nanometer sorbent solution refers to be made of zinc, iron, aluminium, titanium One or several metal sulfides or selenides of harmless metals such as manganese, calcium and other harmless metals are configured as a nano-adsorbent solution, and its concentration range is 0.1-10.0mol/L. 6.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,第三步所述的搅拌的速度为60转/分-300转/分。6 . The method for preparing an adsorbent for removing and recovering liquid-phase mercury according to claim 4 , wherein the stirring speed in the third step is 60 rpm-300 rpm. 7 . 7.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述的干燥的温度为15~30℃,将干燥后的吸附剂载体100-250℃下煅烧0.1-2.0h,形成稳定的纳米除汞吸附剂。7. a kind of preparation method that is used to remove and reclaim the sorbent of liquid phase mercury according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the described drying temperature of step (4) is 15~30 ℃, after drying The adsorbent carrier is calcined at 100-250° C. for 0.1-2.0 hours to form a stable nanometer mercury-removing adsorbent. 8.一种如权利要求1所述的用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂的使用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:a.将制备好的纳米除汞吸附剂制作成过滤层对含汞离子的废液进行过滤处理,利用材料上的金属离子与汞离子的交换,将液相中的汞离子吸附到吸附剂上,达到液相除汞的目的;b.当过滤后的废液中汞含量达到一定值,即对纳米除汞吸附剂过滤层进行更换,并通过特殊的处理手段将吸附在吸附剂上的汞进行解吸和回收。8. A method for using an adsorbent for removing and reclaiming liquid phase mercury as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: a. making the prepared nanometer mercury removal adsorbent into a pair of filter layers The waste liquid containing mercury ions is filtered, and the mercury ions in the liquid phase are adsorbed on the adsorbent by using the exchange of metal ions and mercury ions on the material to achieve the purpose of removing mercury in the liquid phase; b. When the filtered waste When the mercury content in the liquid reaches a certain value, the filter layer of the nano-mercury removal adsorbent is replaced, and the mercury adsorbed on the adsorbent is desorbed and recovered by special treatment means. 9.根据权利要求8所述的一种用于去除和回收液相汞的吸附剂的使用方法,其特征在于,所述的含汞离子的废液以0.05-0.5m/s的流速通过由纳米除汞吸附剂制成的过滤层,废液在过滤层中的停留时间为10-120s;当过滤后的废液中汞含量达到相关排放标准限值的80-95%,即需要对纳米除汞吸附剂过滤层进行更换,更换下来富集大量汞的纳米除汞吸附剂在500-800℃温度下煅烧,将生成的硫化汞解吸出来,并将解吸出来的汞蒸汽在零下20-50℃温度下冷凝回收。9. A method for using an adsorbent for removing and recovering liquid-phase mercury according to claim 8, wherein the waste liquid containing mercury ions passes through the The filter layer made of nano mercury removal adsorbent, the residence time of the waste liquid in the filter layer is 10-120s; when the mercury content in the filtered waste liquid reaches 80-95% of the limit value of the relevant emission standards, it is necessary to filter the nano The filter layer of the mercury removal adsorbent is replaced, and the replaced nano-mercury removal adsorbent enriched with a large amount of mercury is calcined at a temperature of 500-800°C to desorb the generated mercury sulfide, and desorb the desorbed mercury vapor at minus 20-50 Condensate and recover at ℃ temperature.
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CN105854812A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-17 中建中环工程有限公司 Liquid-phase mercury adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof
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CN110756157A (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-02-07 浙江大学 Preparation and mercury removal method of a supported iron-based mercury adsorbent
CN110841590A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-02-28 江南大学 Adsorbent for emergency treatment of indoor mercury leakage and preparation method thereof
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CN113521979B (en) * 2021-08-12 2024-01-12 上海交通大学 Method for trapping mercury from sulfur-containing mercury-containing flue gas through chlorselenomel deposition
CN114045173A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-15 贵州大学 A kind of mercury-contaminated soil remediation agent and preparation method thereof
CN114259839A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-01 西安交通大学 Coal-fired flue gas mercury recycling system and method utilizing selenium-containing adsorbent
CN114259839B (en) * 2021-12-24 2023-02-07 西安交通大学 Coal-fired flue gas mercury recycling system and method utilizing selenium-containing adsorbent
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