CN1036232A - A kind of complex carburizer - Google Patents
A kind of complex carburizer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1036232A CN1036232A CN89101219A CN89101219A CN1036232A CN 1036232 A CN1036232 A CN 1036232A CN 89101219 A CN89101219 A CN 89101219A CN 89101219 A CN89101219 A CN 89101219A CN 1036232 A CN1036232 A CN 1036232A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carburizing
- kerosene
- carburizer
- complex
- rare earth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
- F23D2900/21001—Burners specially adapted for a particular use for use in blast furnaces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of by the kerosene that dissolves each other, the complex carburizer that pure and mild rare earth element is formed, be suitable for the drop-feeding gas carburization and the vacuum ionic carburization of pit gas carburizing furnace, be particularly suitable for the controlled atmosphere carburizing of pit carburizing furnace, make single factor controlled atmosphere carburizing carbon-potential control precision≤± 0.05%, no carbon black, carburizing speed is higher than kerosene, carburizing oil, acetone and a vinyl acetic monomer.
Description
The invention belongs to the thermo-chemical treatment field.
Pit furnace drop-feeding gas carburization technology is one of processing method the most frequently used in the domestic and international mechanical industry.The quality of carburizing part quality is related to the quality and the work-ing life of engineering goods.The carburizing part surface carbon concentration is low, will reduce the contact fatigue strength and the fatigue strength of workpiece surface.Carbon contents is too high, then easily produces the netted or massive carbide in surface, increases surface brittleness.Carburizing part top layer carbon content is to have surface generalization mechanical property preferably at 0.9～1.0% o'clock, the main path of control carburizing part quality is according to different actual service conditionss, the carbon content of control cementation zone, for drop-feeding gas carburization, the carbon potential of necessary controlled atmosphere.Influencing one of carburizing atmosphere carbon-potential control accuracy factors is that can the furnace gas composition be stablized, and the stability of furnace gas composition is directly relevant with the degradation production of instillation again.
The carburizing process method of at present external (as Europe and Japan) widespread use is the rich mug(unit of measure) method (Carbomaag) of so-called card.The rich mug(unit of measure) method gas cementation of card is two kinds of organic liquids directly to be splashed into carry out cracking in the pit furnace and prepare carburizing atmosphere.These two kinds of organic liquids, a kind of is that another kind is ethyl acetate or acetone for the methyl alcohol of carrier gas and dilution usefulness, they are the cracked carburizing atmosphere under carburizing temperature, the furnace gas ingredient stability, the carburizing quality is good, carries out the controlled atmosphere carburizing easily.In view of the particular case of China, acetone, the cost of vinyl acetic monomer is higher, so the most manufacturers of China adopt illuminating kerosene to make carburizing agent.Its advantage is a low price, and carburizing speed is fast.But kerosene belongs to fatty hydrocarbon polymer, its constituent structure instability, and because of the place of production different different.Kerosene is pressed following formula substantially and is decomposed under carburizing temperature (920 ℃)
CnH
2n+2n〔C〕+（n+1）H
2n＝9-16
Since there is not carbon monoxide in the cracking component of kerosene, the carbon monoxide in the kerosene cracking atmosphere that carburizing is produced as instillation, and the oxygen that remains in the stove after mainly finishing by exhaust cycle forms.Along with the continuity of carburizing time, the carbon monoxide in the furnace gas reduces gradually, and the each component content is big, and superfluous carbon will cause forming carbon black.At this situation, available kerosene+air, the method for kerosene+water suitably increases oxygen in the stove, and the fluctuation that solves carbon monoxide in the kerosene splitting gas is excessive, the problem that excess carbon is too many.The people is also arranged, as yellow bright proposition the " proportioning kerosene " technology of taking of Guangdong Machinery College, but this article author fails to solve methyl alcohol and the immiscible problem of kerosene, and adopting mechanism such as electromagnetic valve flowmeter, the flow proportional by adjusting two kinds of liquid also makes it flow into simultaneously that the cracked method constitutes " proportioning " kerosene in the cementing furnace.This proportioning kerosene requires methyl alcohol and kerosene to splash in the stove by different flow simultaneously respectively with two pipelines when realizing this technology.The ratio of flow must be by under meter control, the mobile effect that is subjected to self gravitation of liquid, and change with level change, because the fluctuations in discharge of the frequent variation of flow and two kinds of liquid is asynchronous, institute is so that the operator when realizing this technology, has all inconvenience.
Make the existing the problems referred to above of carburizing agent in order to solve with kerosene, the present invention is basic foundation with delivery of supplemental oxygen part in kerosene equally, by selecting suitable alcohols and rare earth element for use, realize dissolving each other of itself and kerosene, impel the abundant cracking of kerosene and stablize carbon monoxide content in its cracking atmosphere, obtained success.
Complex carburizer of the present invention is by the kerosene that dissolves each other, pure and mild rare earth element is formed, its composition is for containing kerosene 60～80%, alcohol 20～40% and rare earth element 0.3～0.6%(be % by weight all), said pure carbonaceous sources subnumber preferably 1～7, said rare earth element is cerium and/or lanthanum preferably.Pure and mild rare earth coal supply oil subsidy in the complex carburizer of the present invention fills suitable oxygen, and making increases the stable of carbon monoxide and cracking atmosphere in its cracking component, and can reduce the excess carbon of kerosene, makes the methane (HH in the furnace gas component
4) content keep appropriate value.Rare earth element has very big effect to improving carburizing speed, and this is because rare earth element easily makes the workpiece surface iron oxide reduction, clean workpiece surface; The carburizing of rare earth element goes into to reduce crystal boundary energy, makes the austenite crystal refinement, and owing to grain refining, crystal boundary increases, and has quickened the diffusion of carbon atom in steel in cementation process; The atomic radius of rare earth element is bigger, and its infiltration makes the lattice constant of infiltration layer that bigger variation take place, and this lattice distortion helps carbon atom in gathering partially that distortion is distinguished, and causes surface carbon concentration to improve, thereby quickens the diffusion of carbon.Complex carburizer of the present invention can be used for single drop and annotates carburizing, also can carry out carburizing with common instillation of methyl alcohol biliquid.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the fluctuation of each component content is little in this complex carburizer cracking atmosphere, ingredient stability.
2. this complex carburizer carburizing speed is fast, improves carburizing speed 10～15% than the kerosene penetration enhancer.
3 complex carburizer carburizings energy force rate kerosene of the present invention are strong, and the available quantity of carbon is bigger than kerosene, so under the same terms, the consumption of carburizing agent is little.
4. complex carburizer of the present invention, the controlled carburizing of formula pit furnace list factor that is used to instil can guarantee carbon-potential control precision≤0.05%, single liquid or biliquid instillation carburizing in pit furnace, carbon monoxide content fluctuation range≤± 1%, methane content is suitable, and deposition of soot is few.
5. this carburizing agent is stable, puts for a long time under the normal temperature not have and decomposes.
Embodiment 1:
With the present invention's complex carburizer, contain kerosene 75%, Virahol 23～24%, propyl carbinol 1% and rare earth element 0.3%(be % meter by weight all).
920 ℃ of carburizing temperatures, 4 hours time
The grade of steel of carburizing treatment: 20CrMnTi 20
#Steel
Alloying layer thickness: 1.05mm(20CrMnTi)
0.75mm(20
#Steel)
Hardness after the hardening: HRC60～62
Cementing furnace: RJJ-75
Drip amount: 120 droplets/minute
Embodiment 2:
With the multiple complex carburizer of the present invention, contain kerosene 80%, n-propyl alcohol 17～18%, isopropylcarbinol 2%, rare earth element 0.6%(be % meter by weight all).
920 ℃ of carburizing temperatures, 5.5 hours time
The grade of steel of carburizing treatment: 20CrMnTi 20Cr
Alloying layer thickness: 1.2mm(20CrMnTi)
1.1mm（20Cr）
Hardness after the hardening: HRC60～61
Cementing furnace: RJJ-75
Drip amount: 130 droplets/minute
Embodiment 3:
With the present invention's complex carburizer, contain kerosene 68～72%, Virahol 25～30%, primary isoamyl alcohol 0.8～2%, rare earth element 0.5%, (all % counts by weight).
920 ℃ of carburizing temperatures, 4 hours time
Carburizing treatment grade of steel: 20CrMnTi 15
#Steel 12CrNi
3
Alloying layer thickness: 1.1mm(20CrMnTi)
0.65mm(15
#Steel)
0.94mm（12CrNi
3）
Back hardness: the HRC58 of the oil (No. 20 machine oil) of quenching～60
Cementing furnace: RJJ-60
Drip amount: 130 droplets/minute of methyl alcohol
Oxygen probe is visited gesture control accuracy≤0.05%
Embodiment 4:
Complex carburizer with the present invention, contain kerosene 78%, n-propyl alcohol 20%, Pentyl alcohol 1.7% and rare earth element 0.3%(be % by weight all), with it earlier in pyrolyzer, cracking under 920 ℃ of cracking temperatures, deliver in the ZDJ-1000 ion carburizing vacuum furnace 1000 ℃ of carburizing temperatures, time hour after by 1: 2 mixed with nitrogen, the grade of steel of carburizing treatment is 20CrMnTi, alloying layer thickness 1.125mm.
The packing of complex carburizer of the present invention, sign, storage, transportation, acceptance of delivery etc. are all by ZBJ36.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of complex carburizer is characterized in that by the kerosene that dissolves each other, and pure and mild rare earth element is formed, and wherein contains kerosene 60～80%, alcohols 20～40% and rare earth element 0.3～0.6% (all %) by weight.
2,, it is characterized in that said pure carbon atom quantity preferably 1～7 according to the described complex carburizer of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that said rare earth element preferably cerium and/or lanthanum according to the described complex carburizer of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN88107570A CN1010788B (en) | 1989-03-04 | 1989-03-04 | Composite carburizing agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN88107570A CN1010788B (en) | 1989-03-04 | 1989-03-04 | Composite carburizing agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1036232A true CN1036232A (en) | 1989-10-11 |
| CN1010788B CN1010788B (en) | 1990-12-12 |
Family
ID=4854189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN88107570A Expired CN1010788B (en) | 1989-03-04 | 1989-03-04 | Composite carburizing agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1010788B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003006700A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-23 | Langen Li | Atmosphere heat treatment cocatalyst, method of its application, heat treatment method and heat treatment atmosphere of using the cocatalyst |
| CN103757584A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-04-30 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Preparation method of rare earth carburized wear-resistant Fe-W alloy |
| CN103757583A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-04-30 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Preparation method for surface-strengthened Fe-W alloy |
| CN105483604A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 武汉材料保护研究所 | Catalytic permeation method for increasing austenite stainless steel low-temperature gas carburizing speed |
| CN113943161A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-18 | 王耀民 | Ti (BCN) powder and preparation method thereof |
-
1989
- 1989-03-04 CN CN88107570A patent/CN1010788B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003006700A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-23 | Langen Li | Atmosphere heat treatment cocatalyst, method of its application, heat treatment method and heat treatment atmosphere of using the cocatalyst |
| CN103757584A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-04-30 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Preparation method of rare earth carburized wear-resistant Fe-W alloy |
| CN103757583A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-04-30 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Preparation method for surface-strengthened Fe-W alloy |
| CN103757583B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-12-09 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of surface strengthened Fe-W alloy |
| CN103757584B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-08-17 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of rare earth catalytic cementation surface abrasion resistance Fe-W alloy |
| CN105483604A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 武汉材料保护研究所 | Catalytic permeation method for increasing austenite stainless steel low-temperature gas carburizing speed |
| CN105483604B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-02-13 | 武汉材料保护研究所 | A kind of raising austenitic stainless steel cryogenic gas carburizing speed urges infiltration method |
| CN113943161A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-18 | 王耀民 | Ti (BCN) powder and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1010788B (en) | 1990-12-12 |
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