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CN103596748B - 由塑料制成的、尤其车辆内部设计领域的加强结构元件 - Google Patents

由塑料制成的、尤其车辆内部设计领域的加强结构元件 Download PDF

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CN103596748B
CN103596748B CN201280027801.6A CN201280027801A CN103596748B CN 103596748 B CN103596748 B CN 103596748B CN 201280027801 A CN201280027801 A CN 201280027801A CN 103596748 B CN103596748 B CN 103596748B
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CN103596748A (zh
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B·格罗斯
H-G·维尔纳
S·帕鲁丘里
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/70—Upholstery springs ; Upholstery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/001—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/68—Seat frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/68—Seat frames
    • B60N2/686—Panel like structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/70—Upholstery springs ; Upholstery
    • B60N2/7011—Upholstery springs ; Upholstery of substantially two-dimensional shape, e.g. hammock-like, plastic shells, fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24752—Laterally noncoextensive components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • Y10T428/24818—Knitted, with particular or differential bond sites or intersections

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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及由塑料制成的车辆结构元件，其具有至少一个碳纤维加强区域和至少一个玻璃纤维加强区域。本发明进一步涉及用于生产所述车辆结构元件的方法，其中，预加热的碳纤维加强区域和预加热的玻璃纤维加强区域被置于压机中并成形。

Description

由塑料制成的、尤其车辆内部设计领域的加强结构元件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种由塑料制成的车辆结构元件。本发明进一步涉及一种用于生产由塑料制成的车辆结构元件的方法。
背景技术
在车辆制造中，存在对降低车辆的重量的持续努力。在该方面，金属结构部分尤其将由塑料所制成的纤维加强车辆结构元件来替换。用于生产由塑料制成的纤维加强车辆结构元件或这种类型的塑料结构元件的方法例如已知于DE 195 48 854 C2，EP 0 782 909 B1和EP 0 782 909 B1中。然而，此处所描述的由塑料制成的纤维加强车辆结构元件生产起来相当昂贵。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的为提供一种由塑料制成的纤维加强车辆结构元件，其可代替金属结构元件，且其生产起来容易并不昂贵。
该目的通过塑料所制成的车辆结构元件来实现，该车辆结构元件具有至少一个碳纤维加强的区域和至少一个玻璃纤维加强的区域。
本发明涉及一种由塑料制成的加强车辆结构元件。这尤其为车辆内部设计领域中提供的塑料制成的车辆结构元件。车辆结构元件优选为替换目前为止由金属生产的部件的部件。本发明上下文中的车辆结构元件为在车辆中不仅具有装饰功能，还具有承载功能的任何部件。通过举例的方式，根据本发明被加强的并由塑料制成的车辆结构元件为：前和/或后座椅的靠背或者坐托部分的结构部件，和/或仪表板的结构部件，和/或车门的结构部件，和/或车门面板的结构部件，和/或横向件，和/或车体部分。特别地，根据本发明的由塑料制成的车辆结构元件为车辆座椅框架的一部分。而且，由塑料制成的加强车辆结构元件可为座椅的子结构。然而，车辆的任何其它结构元件也可作为根据本发明的车辆结构元件来提供。
根据本发明，由塑料制成的车辆结构元件被加强，它具有由碳纤维加强的至少一个区域和由玻璃纤维加强的至少一个区域。碳纤维和玻璃纤维可具有任何期望的长度或任何期望的厚度。碳纤维和玻璃纤维可为定向的或非定向的。碳纤维和/或玻璃纤维可被呈现为织物、席子、铺设的屏网、针织物或者钩编物、和/或这些结构的组合。这种半成品例如通过热变形优选成形为三维结构(3D结构)。优选，碳纤维加强区域被设置在车辆结构元件的这样的区域中：该区域易遭受比塑料制成的车辆结构元件中设有玻璃纤维的区域高的机械负载。碳纤维加强区域和玻璃纤维加强区域优选彼此直接邻接，或甚至以至少部分重叠的方式设置。优选，仅仅受到高负载的区域由碳纤维所加强。根据本发明的由塑料制成的车辆结构元件的整个剩余区域优选由玻璃纤维加强，以使得塑料制成的车辆结构元件优选具有完整的加强性。
然而，提供由玻璃纤维以及由碳纤维加强的车辆结构元件的部段也是可能的。
材料被设置在相应的结构元件中以满足需求，其考虑了期望的强度。这种分段使得能够显著降低部件重量，而不必承受机械稳定性方面的损失。而且，分割成不同的区域使得可能提供成本方面最优化的部件，以及比例如完全由碳纤维加强塑料所生产的部件显著廉价的部件。
根据本发明的由塑料制成的车辆结构元件优选具有三维结构。而且优选，由塑料制成的车辆结构元件具有尤其为了进一步提高其稳定性的轮廓和/或凹度或者凸度。在根据本发明的由塑料制成的车辆结构元件中，可提供用于将部件紧固到车辆结构元件的例如凹口的装置。
根据本发明的由塑料制成的车辆结构元件例如由已知为D-L-F-T(定向长纤维热塑性材料)挤压方法来生产。在该方法中，优选加热的特定体积的各种部件例如通过机器人放置到模具内。在该方面中，考虑了各个区域中所期望的加强性。随后，团块例如利用压机被变换成期望的形状。聚丙烯(PP)或PP共聚体尤其适于作为由碳纤维和/或玻璃纤维所加强的塑料。
附图说明
在下文，本发明将参考图1和2来解释。这些解释对本发明的大体概念不具有限定作用。该解释平等地适用于本发明的所有主题。
图1示出了根据本发明的由塑料制成的车辆结构元件的前侧，
图2示出了根据本发明的由塑料制成的车辆结构元件的后侧。
具体实施方式
图1示出了由塑料制成的车辆结构元件的前侧，该车辆结构元件此处为座垫壳体，其根据本发明被加强。乘员所乘坐的座垫被设置在壳体的所述前侧上。座椅壳体为塑料制成的车辆结构元件，其根据本发明被加强，并具有两个区域2，3，其每一个由不同的材料加强。区域2为由碳纤维加强的区域，而区域3为由玻璃纤维加强的区域。区域2，此处为座垫壳体的大腿靠垫，必须被加强到特定的程度，这是因为例如在发生事故时，此处出现增加的负载，且该区域必须具有特别刚硬的构造，例如以便防止“潜滑”。
图2示出了图1中所示的结构元件的后侧。两个不同的加强区域2，3再次可见，并因此可参考与图1相关的陈述。
附图标记列表
1 由塑料制成的车辆结构元件
2 碳纤维加强区域
3 玻璃纤维加强区域

Claims (7)

1.一种由塑料制成的车辆结构元件(1)，所述车辆结构元件(1)具有至少一个碳纤维加强区域(2)和至少一个玻璃纤维加强区域(3)，所述至少一个碳纤维加强区域(2)和所述至少一个玻璃纤维加强区域(3)被边对边地设置，其中
所述车辆结构元件(1)是坐托部分的垫壳体，所述至少一个碳纤维加强区域(2)在坐托部分的大腿靠垫的区域中延伸。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆结构元件(1)，其中所述至少一个碳纤维加强区域(2)和所述至少一个玻璃纤维加强区域(3)被成形为三维形状。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的车辆结构元件(1)，其特征在于：所述碳纤维和/或玻璃纤维被呈现为织物、席子、铺设的屏网、和/或这些结构的组合。
4.如权利要求3所述的车辆结构元件(1)，其特征在于：所述织物包括针织物和/或钩编物。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的车辆结构元件(1)，其特征在于：所述碳纤维加强区域(2)在使用中遭受比所述玻璃纤维加强区域(3)高的机械负载。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的车辆结构元件(1)，所述车辆结构元件通过定向长纤维热塑性材料挤压方法生产。
7.一种用于生产由塑料制成的车辆结构元件(1)的方法，所述用于生产车辆结构元件(1)的方法基于定向长纤维热塑性材料挤压方法，并包括以下步骤：
-通过碳纤维和玻璃纤维加强所述塑料以产生碳纤维加强区域(2)和玻璃纤维加强区域(3)；以及
-将所述塑料的团块在预加热状态下放置到模具中与碳纤维加强区域(2)和玻璃纤维加强区域(3)对应的单独部分上；并且
使用压机将该团块变为期望的形状；以及
从模具和压机中去除加工完成状态的车辆结构元件(1)；
其中所述车辆结构元件(1)是坐托部分的垫壳体，并且所述碳纤维加强区域(2)在坐托部分的大腿靠垫的区域中延伸。
CN201280027801.6A 2011-04-15 2012-03-12 由塑料制成的、尤其车辆内部设计领域的加强结构元件 Expired - Fee Related CN103596748B (zh)

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PCT/EP2012/001096 WO2012139689A1 (de) 2011-04-15 2012-03-12 Verstärktes strukturelement aus kunststoff insbesondere im fahrzeuginnenausstattungsbereich

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JP5908062B2 (ja) 2016-04-26
EP2697037B1 (de) 2017-05-10
CN103596748A (zh) 2014-02-19
EP2697037A1 (de) 2014-02-19
US9849636B2 (en) 2017-12-26
KR20130142190A (ko) 2013-12-27
WO2012139689A1 (de) 2012-10-18
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