CN103595092A - Controllable current balancing system of electric vehicle battery packs - Google Patents
Controllable current balancing system of electric vehicle battery packs Download PDFInfo
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- CN103595092A CN103595092A CN201310526595.XA CN201310526595A CN103595092A CN 103595092 A CN103595092 A CN 103595092A CN 201310526595 A CN201310526595 A CN 201310526595A CN 103595092 A CN103595092 A CN 103595092A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a controllable current balancing system of electric vehicle battery packs. The controllable current balancing system comprises an upper computer, at least one balancing subsystem and a lead-acid battery. The balancing subsystem is formed by a master control relay module and four isolated balancing modules, wherein the master control relay module is respectively connected with the four isolated balancing modules in a control mode, outputs PWM control signals to control the isolated balancing modules to perform charging-discharging motions, collects collection data corresponding to the isolated balancing modules and completes communication with the upper computer. The master control relay module is connected with the upper computer through a CAN bus, two joints at one ends of the isolated balancing modules are connected with the two ends of the lead-acid battery in parallel, two joints at the other ends of the isolated balancing modules are connected to the two ends of the electric vehicle battery packs, current-voltage sampling circuits are connected to the lead-acid battery and the electric vehicle battery packs respectively, and sampling signals are all transmitted to the master control relay module after being isolated. The controllable current balancing system is a hardware circuit, according to the hardware circuit, current-controllable bidirectional energy exchanging can be carried out on a battery cell and the lead-acid battery, charging-discharging balancing is carried out on the battery cell, and the efficiency of the battery packs is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of controllable current equalizing system of batteries of electric automobile group.
Background technology
For the consideration to the energy and environment, electric automobile is rapidly developed because of its energy-conserving and environment-protective.Be subject to the restriction of current battery manufacturing technology level, single lithium battery can't meet the practical application of electric automobiles in performance, be combined into the effective way that lithium battery under prior art condition meets the requirement of high power high-energy power source, generally adopt the mode of connection in series-parallel combination to be used to cell.But this combination very high requirement, tends to produce the inconsistent problem of battery except the performance index of cell have been proposed simultaneously.The inconsistent of battery refers to that the battery of same specification, same model exists the phenomenon of parameter differences at aspects such as voltage, internal resistance, capacity, self-discharge rates.The consistency problem of battery has directly determined the serviceability of whole Battery pack, thereby has influence on dynamic property and the continual mileage of electric automobile.
Due to the existence of consistency of battery pack problem, stack battery far away from cell, and has strengthened the degree of difficulty that battery is managed and controlled at aspects such as active volume and useful lifes.Practice shows, when the consistency problem of battery pack develops into the situations such as indivedual battery generation capacity significantly reduce, internal resistance significantly improves, the performance of whole Battery pack can worsen at short notice fast, thereby whole battery pack is scrapped.So battery pack equilibrium management technology, as the Main Means that solves consistency of battery pack problem, has vital effect to the use in groups of battery.
Equalizing circuit, as realizing balanced hardware carrier, is directly connected to the balanced effect of implementing.Equalizing circuit topological structure form is rich and varied at present, can be divided into the equilibrium of energy consumption-type and non-dissipative equalizing two classes.The former mainly refers to conductive discharge formula balanced way, it is by discharging to battery in battery two ends parallel resistance, the unnecessary energy of consuming cells is realized balanced object, this method have advantages of realize simple, with low cost, be early stage main equalization scheme, also have the problems such as energy dissipation, radiating treatment, time for balance length simultaneously.
Non-dissipative equalizing refers to that between different batteries, carrying out energy transmission realizes equilibrium, also has a variety of ways of realization at present: as utilize the combination of switching device and large bulk capacitance to realize transferring energy between adjacent cell, realize mutual balanced way.In addition by switch arrays, select to charge to the battery of appointment in addition, the energy flow direction of the method is fixed, and with the energy of whole Battery pack, comes the cell that makeup energy is low to realize equilibrium.
There is the weak point that is difficult to checking, equalizing circuit very flexible, energy dissipation in current equalizing system.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention, is just to provide and a kind ofly can carries out the controlled bidirectional energy exchange of electric current to cell and lead-acid battery, and cell is carried out to charge and discharge balancing, improves the hardware circuit of battery pack efficiency.
Solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A controllable current equalizing system for group, is characterized in that: comprise host computer, at least one equalization subsystem, a lead-acid battery; Described equalization subsystem consists of 4 isolation balance modules of a master control relaying DSP module and connection control respectively thereof, master control relaying DSP module is DSP master controller, function be output pwm control signal control each isolation balance module discharge and recharge action, collect each isolate the image data that balance module is corresponding and complete with host computer between communicate by letter; Two joints that described master control relaying DSP module is connected in the lead-acid battery two ends other end in parallel through CAN bus connection host computer, each two joints of isolating balance module one end are connected on the two ends of batteries of electric automobile group; Described lead-acid battery and each batteries of electric automobile group are all connected to current-voltage sampling circuit, and sampled signal is all sent to master control relaying DSP module after isolation.
Described master control relaying DSP module forms and annexation is: single-chip microprocessor MCU is connected with respectively CAN module, current detection module and voltage detection module after isolation, also after ePWM isolation, connect 4 balance modules, also external indicator light, hardware watchdog and memory simultaneously, separately have power supply to single-chip microprocessor MCU, to power after power conversion, CAN module sends BMS signal.
Described isolation balance module also can be described as the two-way anti exciting converter of active clamp, and its topological relation is:
The positive pole of the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side out divides two branch roads afterwards: it is anodal that a branch road meets lead-acid battery V1 after primary side inductance L 1, and another branch road is further divided into two branches after inductance L m: it is anodal that the negative pole, another branch that a branch takes back the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side received lead-acid battery V1 after the positive pole, the first capacitor C 1 positive pole through being parallel with the switching tube S3 of diode successively;
The negative pole of the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side is out finally connected to lead-acid battery V1 negative pole through the first sampling resistor Rs1 by the S of the 3rd electric capacity Vds1 positive pole of parallel connection, the first diode Cr1 negative pole, switching tube S1 after extremely again;
It is anodal that the positive pole of the two-way anti exciting converter Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer of active clamp out meets single lithium battery V2 after secondary side inductance L 2;
The negative pole of the two-way anti exciting converter Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer of active clamp out divides two branch roads afterwards: one to receive single lithium battery V2 after the positive pole, the second capacitor C 2 positive poles through being parallel with the switching tube S4 of diode successively anodal, and another branch road finally connects single lithium battery V2 negative pole through the second sampling resistor Rs2 through the 4th electric capacity Vds2 of parallel connection after the anodal, negative pole of the second diode Cr2, switching tube S2 again.
Described switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are High-frequency MOSFET, sampling resistor Rs1 connects with V1, for primary side current sampling, Rs2 connects with V2, for secondary side current sampling, voltage sample is resistance dividing potential drop sampling in parallel, and voltage sample is adopted by electric resistance partial pressure, and the current and voltage signals of primary side and secondary side is all sent to master control relaying DSP module after isolation.
Beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention, by equalizing system modularization, can increase arbitrarily or reduce equalization subsystem for different battery pack, to adapt to different use occasions.
(2) the present invention adopts digital DSP to control, and can coordinate communication with host computer, and electric current high accuracy is adjustable (arrive+4A of 4A) continuously, is adapted to the various schemes that discharge and recharge.
(3) this equalizing circuit is controllable bi-directional energy transmission, and loss equalizing is little.
(3) can be immediately digital regulated for charging and discharging currents,
(4) DSP can, with host computer by CAN communication, can adapt to multinode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that equalizing system of the present invention forms and balanced connection diagram;
Fig. 2 is the master control relaying DSP module principle schematic diagram of equalizing system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the isolation balance module circuit diagram of equalizing system of the present invention.
Embodiment
For the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the controllable current equalizing system embodiment of batteries of electric automobile group of the present invention, comprises host computer, 4 equalization subsystem and a lead-acid battery.
Each equalization subsystem consists of 4 isolation balance modules of a master control relaying DSP module and connection control respectively thereof, master control trunk module is DSP master controller, function is that output pwm control signal is controlled each isolation balance module and discharged and recharged action, collect each image data corresponding to isolation balance module and complete with host computer between communicate by letter; Be connected in parallel two joints of the lead-acid battery two ends other end of two joints that the master control relaying DSP module of equalization subsystem connects host computer, each isolation balance module one end through CAN bus are connected on the two ends of batteries of electric automobile group; Lead-acid battery and each batteries of electric automobile group are all connected to current-voltage sampling circuit, and sampled signal is all sent to master control relaying DSP module after isolation.
Master control relaying DSP module forms and annexation is: single-chip microprocessor MCU is connected with respectively CAN module, current detection module and voltage detection module after isolation, also after ePWM isolation, connect 4 balance modules, also external indicator light, hardware watchdog and memory simultaneously, separately have power supply to single-chip microprocessor MCU, to power after power conversion, CAN module sends BMS signal.
Isolation balance module also can be described as the two-way anti exciting converter of active clamp, and its topological relation is:
The positive pole of the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side out divides two branch roads afterwards: it is anodal that a branch road meets lead-acid battery V1 after primary side inductance L 1, and another branch road is further divided into two branches after inductance L m: it is anodal that the negative pole, another branch that a branch takes back the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side received lead-acid battery V1 after the positive pole, the first capacitor C 1 positive pole through being parallel with the switching tube S3 of diode successively;
The negative pole of the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side is out finally connected to lead-acid battery V1 negative pole through the first sampling resistor Rs1 by the S of the 3rd electric capacity Vds1 positive pole of parallel connection, the first diode Cr1 negative pole, switching tube S1 after extremely again;
It is anodal that the positive pole of the two-way anti exciting converter Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer of active clamp out meets single lithium battery V2 after secondary side inductance L 2;
The negative pole of the two-way anti exciting converter Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer of active clamp out divides two branch roads afterwards: one to receive single lithium battery V2 after the positive pole, the second capacitor C 2 positive poles through being parallel with the switching tube S4 of diode successively anodal, and another branch road finally connects single lithium battery V2 negative pole through the second sampling resistor Rs2 through the 4th electric capacity Vds2 of parallel connection after the anodal, negative pole of the second diode Cr2, switching tube S2 again.
Switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are High-frequency MOSFET, sampling resistor Rs1 connects with V1, for primary side current sampling, Rs2 connects with V2, for secondary side current sampling, voltage sample is resistance dividing potential drop sampling in parallel, and voltage sample is adopted by electric resistance partial pressure, and the current and voltage signals of primary side and secondary side is all sent to master control relaying DSP module after isolation.
Controllable current equalizing system of the present invention has following characteristics:
(1) adopt modular mentality of designing, general frame has been applied host-guest architecture, in the equalizing system course of work, by host computer (BMS battery management system), calculated the mean state of battery, determine subsequently and need balanced battery cell, information command is sent to the relaying DSP that specifies CAN address, after relaying DSP reads CAN data, battery sequence number is judged, specify PWM port output control signal, start the equilibrium of carrying out to specific battery; Each cell is connected with lead-acid battery by balance module, to realize the two-way non-dissipative equalizing of cell to lead-acid battery.
(2) setting of eCAN agreement: wherein, in data field, the decimal system corresponding to low two bytes transmission predetermined current values (0x222-0xEEE) is (546-3822), (-4A-4A); The 3rd byte is for judging charging, electric discharge, shutdown judgement, (0x03) for calibration, (0x05) are that charging, (0x07) are that electric discharge, (0x09) are shutdown; Nybble is that balanced circuit is selected control byte; The 5th byte arranges cut-ff voltage.
Electric current index:
So the charging scope of this current balance system is that 0.5A is to 4A; Discharge range is-0.5A is to-4A, can realize the every 200mA precision of electric current adjustable, requires error in ± 5%.
Voltage indexes:
Buck when work, require voltage input between 20V-28V, all to reach that output current wants, and in this fluctuation range, constant current output is normal.
Efficiency index:
Buck work pattern efficiency is more than 85%, and Boost work pattern efficiency is more than 70%.
Claims (4)
1. a controllable current equalizing system for batteries of electric automobile group, is characterized in that: comprise host computer, at least one equalization subsystem, a lead-acid battery; Described equalization subsystem consists of 4 isolation balance modules of a master control relaying DSP module and connection control respectively thereof, master control relaying DSP module is DSP master controller, function be output pwm control signal control each isolation balance module discharge and recharge action, collect each isolate the image data that balance module is corresponding and complete with host computer between communicate by letter; Two joints that described master control relaying DSP module is connected in the lead-acid battery two ends other end in parallel through CAN bus connection host computer, each two joints of isolating balance module one end are connected on the two ends of batteries of electric automobile group; Described lead-acid battery and each batteries of electric automobile group are all connected to current-voltage sampling circuit, and sampled signal is all sent to master control relaying DSP module after isolation.
2. the controllable current equalizing system of batteries of electric automobile group according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described master control relaying DSP module forms and annexation is: single-chip microprocessor MCU is connected with respectively CAN module, current detection module and voltage detection module after isolation, also after ePWM isolation, connect 4 balance modules, also external indicator light, hardware watchdog and memory simultaneously, separately have power supply to single-chip microprocessor MCU, to power after power conversion, CAN module sends BMS signal.
3. the controllable current equalizing system of batteries of electric automobile group according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described isolation balance module is also referred to as the two-way anti exciting converter of active clamp, and its topological relation is:
The positive pole of the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side out divides two branch roads afterwards: a branch road connects lead-acid battery (V1) positive pole after primary side inductance (L1), and another branch road is further divided into two branches after inductance (Lm): the negative pole, another branch that a branch takes back the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side received lead-acid battery (V1) positive pole after the positive pole, the first electric capacity (C1) positive pole through being parallel with the switching tube (S3) of diode successively;
The negative pole of the two-way anti exciting converter transformer of active clamp primary side is out finally connected to lead-acid battery (V1) negative pole through the first sampling resistor (Rs1) by the S of the 3rd electric capacity (Vds1) positive pole of parallel connection, the first diode (Cr1) negative pole, switching tube (S1) after extremely again;
The positive pole of the two-way anti exciting converter Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer of active clamp out connects single lithium battery (V2) positive pole after secondary side inductance (L2);
The negative pole of the two-way anti exciting converter Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer of active clamp out divides two branch roads afterwards: after the positive pole, the second electric capacity (C2) positive pole through being parallel with the switching tube (S4) of diode, receive single lithium battery (V2) positive pole successively for one, another branch road finally connects single lithium battery (V2) negative pole through the second sampling resistor (Rs2) through the 4th electric capacity (Vds2) of parallel connection after the anodal, negative pole of the second diode (Cr2), switching tube (S2) again.
4. the controllable current equalizing system of batteries of electric automobile group according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described switching tube (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) is High-frequency MOSFET, the first sampling resistor (Rs1) is connected with lead-acid battery (V1), for primary side current sampling, the second sampling resistor (Rs2) is connected with single lithium battery (V2), for secondary side current sampling, voltage sample is resistance dividing potential drop sampling in parallel, voltage sample is adopted by electric resistance partial pressure, and the current and voltage signals of primary side and secondary side is all sent to master control relaying DSP module after isolation.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108322057A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-24 | 江苏联能电子技术有限公司 | A kind of two-way circuit topological structure for piezoelectric pile driving |
| CN109494851A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-03-19 | 深圳奥丹新能源应用技术有限公司 | A kind of smart battery system |
| CN109720234A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-05-07 | 深圳众力新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of two-way active equalization device and its system of vehicle mounted dynamic battery group |
| CN110460128A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-15 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | A kind of autonomous controllable high-voltage battery set control system |
| US10581254B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2020-03-03 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Equalization current adjustment method and related apparatus |
| CN112636417A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Storage battery set parallel charging current-sharing circuit structure |
| CN112636415A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Multi-battery-pack parallel charging control method for single charging device |
| CN113224816A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-06 | 上海交通大学 | Isolation interface, gating network, protection and equalization circuit and method for series battery pack |
| CN113602144A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Balanced control system and method for single batteries in battery pack and automobile |
| CN114678911A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-28 | 圣邦微电子（北京）股份有限公司 | A bidirectional detection circuit for charging and discharging current |
| CN115360800A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2022-11-18 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | A battery equalization circuit suitable for electric power products |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10581254B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2020-03-03 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Equalization current adjustment method and related apparatus |
| CN108322057A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-24 | 江苏联能电子技术有限公司 | A kind of two-way circuit topological structure for piezoelectric pile driving |
| CN109720234A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-05-07 | 深圳众力新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of two-way active equalization device and its system of vehicle mounted dynamic battery group |
| CN109494851A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-03-19 | 深圳奥丹新能源应用技术有限公司 | A kind of smart battery system |
| CN109494851B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2023-11-28 | 深圳奥丹新能源应用技术有限公司 | Intelligent battery system |
| CN110460128A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-15 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | A kind of autonomous controllable high-voltage battery set control system |
| CN112636415A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Multi-battery-pack parallel charging control method for single charging device |
| CN112636417B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-07-29 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Storage battery parallel charging and current equalizing circuit structure |
| CN112636415B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-07-29 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Multi-battery-pack parallel charging control method for single charging device |
| CN112636417A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Storage battery set parallel charging current-sharing circuit structure |
| CN114678911A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-28 | 圣邦微电子（北京）股份有限公司 | A bidirectional detection circuit for charging and discharging current |
| CN113224816A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-06 | 上海交通大学 | Isolation interface, gating network, protection and equalization circuit and method for series battery pack |
| CN113602144A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Balanced control system and method for single batteries in battery pack and automobile |
| CN113602144B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-03-10 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Balanced control system and method for single batteries in battery pack and automobile |
| CN115360800A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2022-11-18 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | A battery equalization circuit suitable for electric power products |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |