CN103532381A - Ramp compensating circuit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ramp compensating circuit which comprises a switch control module, a ramp generation module connected with the switch control module, and an output module connected with the ramp generation module, wherein the switch control module is used for receiving an external control signal and performing reset control on the ramp generation module according to the received external control signal; the ramp generation module is used for generating a ramp signal based on control of the switch control module; and the output module is used for receiving and outputting the ramp signal generated by the ramp generation module. The ramp compensating circuit can output a ramp signal with a controlled slope and capable of adapting to satisfy different duty ratios of a compensated circuit, so that the stability of the compensated circuit is improved. In addition, the ramp compensating circuit has the advantages of simple circuit structure and easiness in realization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit technology field, particularly a kind of slope compensation circuit.
Background technology
The circuit topology of switch power circuit is divided into Controlled in Current Mode and Based and voltage mode is controlled, and Controlled in Current Mode and Based is widely used because dynamic response is fast, gain bandwidth is large, outputting inductance is little, be easy to the advantages such as current-sharing.Controlled in Current Mode and Based is divided into peak-current mode to be controlled and averagecurrent mode control, while adopting peak-current mode to control, and the easy sensing of its peak inductive current, logically consistent with average inductor current size variation.And average inductor current is only the factor of unique decision output voltage size, if will make the peak current of inductance corresponding one by one with its average current, thereby make output voltage constant, need peak current to proofread and correct.Yet, there is duty ratio and surpass 50% pulse-width modulation (PWM, Pulse Width Modulation) in the system of signal, because its existence is difficult to the peak current of correction and the error of average current, thereby introduce slope compensation signal in the PWM pattern that need to control at peak current, prevent subharmonic oscillation.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, illustrate the requirement that peak-current mode is controlled, as Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the inductive current oscillogram of a circuit under peak-current mode is controlled and when duty ratio is greater than 50% in prior art.
Wherein, Vc is the control voltage of error amplifier output, and △ I0 is current perturbation, and m1 represents the rate of rise of inductive current, and m2 represents the descending slope (it should be noted that following m2 get when calculating be absolute value) of inductive current.Can find out that the shortcoming that peak-current mode is controlled is: when the duty ratio D of circuit is greater than 50%, its system is unstable, is mainly manifested in: the error that disturbing signal produces is amplified gradually, and this will cause system out of control, the interference free performance variation of power supply.As shown in Figure 1, through one-period, by current error △ I0, show that next current error △ I1 is:
△I1=△I0*m2/m1
In like manner, can prove that the current error △ In that △ I0 causes is through n all after date:
△I1=△I0*(m2/m1)^n(1′)
By (formula 1), can be drawn the following conclusions:
As m2 < m1, during D < 50%, current error △ In will be tending towards 0 gradually, so system stability;
Work as m2 > m1, i.e. D > 50% time, current error △ In will amplify gradually, cause system out of control, and interference free performance variation can not steady operation.
At present in order to make system still stable when duty ratio is greater than 50%, the method for employing is to form new control voltage controlling the slope compensation voltage that superposes on voltage Vc, be input to PWM comparator one end and with the current feedback voltage ratio of the PWM comparator other end.As Fig. 2, Fig. 2 adopts monocline slope compensation technique to carry out the inductive current oscillogram after ramp signal compensation in Fig. 1.
Can prove, through one-period, the current error △ I1 being caused by △ I0 is:
△I1=△I0*(m2-m)/(m1+m)
Through n all after date, the current error △ In being caused by △ I0 is:
△In=△I0*[(m2-m)/(m1+m)]^n(2′)
With reference to the conclusion of formula (1 '), by (formula 2), can be derived in the scope of duty ratio D from 0 to 1, make the stable condition of electric current loop be: (m2-m)/(m1+m) < 1(3 ')
Again because: D*m1=(1-D) * m2(4 ')
Convolution (3 ') and formula (4 ') can obtain guaranteeing that the condition of system stability is: m/m2 after controlling the slope compensation voltage that superposes on voltage Vc > (2D-1)/2D, be m/m2 > 1-1/2D(5 '), hence one can see that, if make system permanent stable, need to guarantee that m/m2 is greater than the maximum of 1-1/2D.
While learning that by formula (1 ') conclusion duty ratio D is in 1/2 to 1 scope, system plays pendulum, and duty ratio D is when larger, system is more unstable, show that thus 1-1/2D is greater than 0 and be less than 1/2, when D value 1, the value of 1-1/2D is maximum, and 1-1/2D equals 1/2.If will make system remain stable, need to make to compensate half that slope is greater than inductive current descending slope, i.e. m > 0.5*m2(6 ').
Because the rate of rise m1 of inductive current and the descending slope m2 of inductive current are along with being changed by the variation of the duty ratio D of compensating circuit, in control circuit as shown in Figure 2, known:
wherein Vin is the input voltage of control circuit (by compensating circuit), the inductance value that l is control circuit; The duty ratio of control circuit
its inductive current descending slope
The voltage slope of exporting
?
wherein Vo is the output voltage of control circuit (by compensating circuit), and Vd is the pressure drop of diode in control circuit (by compensating circuit), and Rs is inductive current sampling resistor, the signal period that T is external control circuit; From formula (8 ') and formula (9 '), the slope m of compensating signal is the impact that is subject to Vin and Vo, and Vin and Vo have directly determined the duty ratio D of loop.Thus, we can produce a ramp signal that is determined slope by duty ratio D, and it just can meet the slope compensation under different input/output conditions.
But the slope compensation of conventional current pattern is all to adopt monocline slope compensation technique, for this compensation technique, has just added single ramp signal in circuit.From the principle of slope compensation, few if ramp signal is mended, when being greater than 50%, duty ratio still there is open-loop instability.If but ramp signal excessive (that mends is too much), Controlled in Current Mode and Based will become voltage mode to be controlled, and the advantage that current-mode is controlled will be use up mistake.So in compensation process, must control compensated ramp signal size, to obtain the slope of suitable size.Compensating signal in the compensation technique of monocline slope is fixed slope, and it can not change along with the variation of duty ratio, therefore, adopts monocline slope compensation technique to be difficult to meet interior in a big way input voltage variation and output loading and changes.And, the circuit structure more complicated that adopts monocline slope compensation technique to realize, the cost that circuit is realized is higher.
Utility model content
Main purpose of the present invention, for providing a kind of circuit structure slope compensation circuit simple and that easily realize, is intended to realize a kind of slope of output controlled, can adapt to and meet by the ramp signal of the different duty of compensating circuit, to improve by the stability of compensating circuit.
The present invention proposes a kind of slope compensation circuit, and this slope compensation circuit comprises switch control module, the slope generation module being connected with described switch control module, and the output module being connected with described slope generation module, wherein:
The input of described switch control module, for receiving external control signal, the control end of described switch control module is electrically connected to described slope generation module, for control the control that resets of described slope generation module according to the external control signal that receives;
The control end of described slope generation module is electrically connected to the control end of described switch control module, for the control based on described switch control module, generates ramp signal;
The input of described output module is electrically connected to receive described ramp signal with the output of described slope generation module, and the output of described output module is used for exporting described ramp signal.
Preferably, the input of described switch control module comprises for inputting outside by the first input end of the clock signal of compensating circuit and for inputting the second input of external reset power supply signal; Described switch control module comprises the first switching tube and the first electric capacity, one end of the source electrode of described the first switching tube, described the first electric capacity and described the second input interconnect between two, the grid of described the first switching tube is electrically connected to described first input end, the control end of the described slope of the drain electrode generation module of described the first switching tube is electrically connected to, the other end ground connection of described the first electric capacity.
Preferably, described slope generation module comprises direct voltage source, current source, the second electric capacity and second switch pipe, the input of described current source is electrically connected to the output of described direct voltage source, the grid of the drain electrode of one end of the output of described current source, described the second electric capacity, described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe interconnects between two, the other end ground connection of described the second electric capacity, the source ground of described second switch pipe, the drain electrode of described second switch pipe is electrically connected to the input of described output module.
Preferably, described the first switching tube is that metal-oxide-semiconductor and/or described second switch pipe are metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, described output module comprises current mirror and the first resistance, the output of the input of described current mirror, the output of described direct voltage source and described current source interconnects between two, the first output of described current mirror is electrically connected to the drain electrode of described second switch pipe, the second output of described current mirror is connected with one end of described the first resistance, the other end ground connection of described the first resistance, the output that the second output of described current mirror is described output module.
Preferably, described current mirror comprises the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube, the source electrode of described the 3rd switching tube, described the 4th source electrode of switching tube, the output of the output of described direct voltage source and described current source interconnect between two, the grid of described the 3rd switching tube is electrically connected to the grid of described the 4th switching tube, and the drain electrode of described the 3rd switching tube is electrically connected to the drain electrode of described second switch pipe, the grid of the 3rd switching tube respectively; The drain electrode of described the 4th switching tube is electrically connected to described first unearthed one end of resistance, the output that the common port of the drain electrode of described the 4th switching tube and described the first resistance is described output module.
Preferably, described the 3rd switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and described the 4th switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Circuit of the present invention, by switch control module, receive external control signal, and control the control that resets of described slope generation module according to the external control signal receiving, the control of described slope generation module based on described switch control module generates ramp signal, and export described ramp signal by described output module, thereby realizing this circuit, can to export a kind of slope controlled, can adapt to and meet by the ramp signal of the different duty of compensating circuit, and then improve by the stability of compensating circuit, and the circuit structure of this slope compensation circuit is fairly simple, and easily realize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inductive current oscillogram of a circuit under peak-current mode is controlled and when duty ratio is greater than 50% in prior art;
Fig. 2 adopts monocline slope compensation technique to carry out the inductive current oscillogram after ramp signal compensation in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure block diagram of slope compensation circuit preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of slope compensation circuit preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The realization of the object of the invention, functional characteristics and advantage, in connection with embodiment, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 is the circuit structure block diagram of slope compensation circuit preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of slope compensation circuit preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The disclosed slope compensation circuit of the present embodiment comprises switch control module 10, the slope generation module 20 being connected with described switch control module 10, and the output module 30 being connected with described slope generation module 20.
Wherein, the input of switch control module 10, be used for receiving external control signal, the control end of described switch control module 10 is electrically connected to described slope generation module 20, for according to the external control signal that receives to described slope generation module 20 control that resets.Wherein, external control signal can comprise outside by the clock signal of compensating circuit and external reset power supply signal, this switch control module 10 can carry out periodicity conducting and shutoff according to the external control clock signal receiving, and when conducting, control slope generation module 20 and discharge and make its reset, by periodic conducting and shutoff, to realize control slope generation module 20, according to being exported ramp signal by the signal period of compensating circuit, compensate.Wherein control the implementation of slope generation module 20 electric discharges for when switch control module 10 conducting, input an external reset power supply signal to the control end of slope generation module 20, to drag down the current potential of slope generation module 20, make slope generation module 20 not export ramp signal.
The control end of above-mentioned slope generation module 20 is electrically connected to the control end of described switch control module 10, for the control based on described switch control module 10, generates ramp signal; Because switch control module 10 control slope generation modules 20 carry out periodic discharge reset, therefore, the ramp signal of slope generation module 20 outputs is also periodic, can realize in the time need to being compensated ramp signal by compensating circuit and recompensing, be understandable that this slope generation module 20 can comprise power supply and energy-storage travelling wave tube, energy-storage travelling wave tube is connected with power supply, does not carry out energy storage during conducting, and export ramp signal at switch control module 10.
The input of above-mentioned output module 30 is electrically connected to receive described ramp signal with the output of described slope generation module 20, and the output end vo ut of described output module 30 is used for exporting described ramp signal.
In the present embodiment, because switch control module 10 is according to being carried out conducting by the signal period of compensating circuit, therefore, can be so that this slope compensation circuit be just exported ramp signal in the time need to being compensated ramp signal by compensating circuit.When switch control module 10 is not during conducting, slope generation module 20 carries out energy storage and generates ramp signal, this ramp signal is along with the energy of slope generation module 20 increases and strengthens, then by output module 30, this ramp signal is exported, when switch control module 10 conducting, slope generation module 20 discharge reductions, until closing, switch control module 10 has no progeny, slope generation module 20 energy storage generate ramp signal again, like this according to reciprocal by the loop cycle of compensating circuit, realization is to being carried out slope compensation by compensating circuit, thereby realize, improve by the object of the stability of compensating circuit.
Particularly, the input of above-mentioned switch control module 10 comprises for inputting described outside by the first input end IN1 of the clock signal of compensating circuit and for inputting the second input IN2 of described external reset power supply signal; Above-mentioned switch control module 10 comprises the first switching tube M1 and the first capacitor C 1.Wherein, conducting during the grid input low level signal of the first switching tube M1, input high level signal turn-offs.The first switching tube M1 inputs to slope generation module 20 by external reset power supply signal after conducting, realizes slope generation module 20 discharge reductions.This first switching tube M1 can be triode or metal-oxide-semiconductor, be understandable that, for make the switching speed of the first switching tube M1 very fast and and there is higher antijamming capability, described in the present embodiment, the first switching tube M1 is metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Wherein, one end of the source electrode of the first switching tube M1, described the first capacitor C 1 and described the second input IN2 interconnect between two, the grid of described the first switching tube M1 is electrically connected to described first input end IN1, the control end of the described slope of the drain electrode generation module 20 of described the first switching tube M1 is electrically connected to, the other end ground connection of described the first capacitor C 1.
Above-mentioned slope generation module 20 comprises direct voltage source VCC, current source Ic, the second capacitor C 2 and second switch pipe M2.Wherein second switch pipe M2 can be triode or metal-oxide-semiconductor, and preferably, described second switch pipe M2 is the metal-oxide-semiconductor of P raceway groove.
Wherein, the input of described current source Ic is electrically connected to the output of described direct voltage source VCC, the grid of the drain electrode of one end of the output of described current source Ic, described the second capacitor C 2, described the first switching tube M1 and described second switch pipe M2 interconnects between two, the other end ground connection of described the second capacitor C 2, the source ground of described second switch pipe M2, the drain electrode of described second switch pipe M2 is electrically connected to the input of described output module 30.
Above-mentioned output module 30 comprises current mirror 31 and the first resistance R 1.The ramp signal (current signal) that this current mirror 31 can generate slope generation module 20 copies output.The first resistance R 1 is converted into voltage signal for the current signal that current mirror 31 is copied.
Wherein, the output of the output of the input of current mirror 31, described direct voltage source VCC and described current source Ic interconnects between two, the first output of described current mirror 31 is electrically connected to the drain electrode of described second switch pipe M2, the second output of described current mirror 31 is connected with one end of described the first resistance R 1, the other end ground connection of described the first resistance R 1, the second output of described current mirror 31 is the output end vo ut of described output module 30.
Above-mentioned current mirror 31 comprises the 3rd switching tube M3 and the 4th switching tube M4.This first switching tube M1 and second switch pipe M2 can be triode or metal-oxide-semiconductor, are understandable that, in order to facilitate circuit design, described the 3rd switching tube M3 is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and described the 4th switching tube M4 is metal-oxide-semiconductor.The 3rd switching tube M3 and the 4th switching tube M4 are the metal-oxide-semiconductor of N raceway groove.
Wherein, the output of the output of the source electrode of the source electrode of described the 3rd switching tube M3, described the 4th switching tube M4, described direct voltage source VCC and described current source Ic interconnects between two, the grid of described the 3rd switching tube M3 is electrically connected to the grid of described the 4th switching tube M4, and the drain electrode of described the 3rd switching tube M3 is electrically connected to the drain electrode of described second switch pipe M2, the grid of the 3rd switching tube M3 respectively; The drain electrode of described the 4th switching tube M4 is electrically connected to described first unearthed one end of resistance R 1, and the common port of the drain electrode of described the 4th switching tube M4 and described the first resistance R 1 is the output end vo ut of described output module 30.
Circuit of the present invention, by switch control module 10, receive external control signal, and according to the external control signal receiving to described slope generation module 20 control that resets, the control of slope generation module 20 based on described switch control module 10 generates ramp signal, and by the described ramp signal of described output module 30 output, thereby realizing this slope compensation circuit, can to export a kind of slope controlled, can adapt to and meet by the ramp signal of the different duty of compensating circuit, and then improve by the stability of compensating circuit, and the circuit structure of this slope compensation circuit is fairly simple, and easily realize.
In order better to illustrate, be described in detail the principle of circuit of the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 is the circuit structure block diagram of slope compensation circuit preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of slope compensation circuit preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In this compensating circuit, the initial voltage value of the second capacitor C 2 is V
i, the threshold voltage of second switch pipe M2 is V
t, the electric current that flows through second switch pipe M2 is Im2, and V is wherein set
iwith V
tequate.
When the grid of the first switching tube M1 is inputted outside by the clock signal of compensating circuit, the first switching tube M1 is controlled the second capacitor C 2 according to outside by the clock signal of compensating circuit and discharges, when the first switching tube M1 cut-off, current source Ic charges to the second capacitor C 2, and the while is due to the initial voltage V of the second capacitor C 2
iequal the threshold voltage V of second switch pipe M2
tnow, second switch pipe M2 conducting, and formation is via drain electrode, the source electrode of second switch pipe M2, and to the current signal on ground, this current signal increases along with the voltage increases of the second capacitor C 2, because the 3rd switching tube M3 and second switch pipe M2 form current mirror 31, this current signal is copied and export via the drain electrode of the 4th switching tube M4, wherein the first resistance R 1 is converted to voltage signal by this current signal.
Particularly, as Fig. 4, the voltage at the second capacitor C 2 two ends
wherein Ic is the electric current of current source Ic output, and C is the capacitance of the second capacitor C 2, and t is the charging interval of the second capacitor C 2, and the voltage at the second capacitor C 2 two ends has determined the current value I of second switch pipe M2
m2=β (V
c-V
t)
2(2),, in formula (1), get initial value V
i=V
tthereby, can draw
the slope of the compensating signal of known this compensating circuit output of convolution (3)
In this formula (4), T is outside by the signal period of compensating circuit, and D is outside by the duty ratio of compensating circuit, R
rit is the resistance of the first resistance R 1.
Because the increase of compensation signal slope along with duty ratio D increases, therefore, while only needing to guarantee by the duty ratio of compensating circuit maximum, meet compensation slope
can be referring to background technology formula (9 '),
?
From formula (5), the slope of the ramp signal of this slope compensation circuit output is determined by current source Ic and the second capacitor C 2, when this slope compensation circuit is applied in different circuit, only need select according to actual needs sizeable current source Ic and the second capacitor C 2, to meet the quotient of the size of current of current source Ic output and the capacitance of the second capacitor C 2
just can guarantee that by compensating circuit the different duty in the situation that, the ramp signal of this slope compensation circuit output can meet S
c>0.5*m
2, therefore can improve by the stability of compensating circuit.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a slope compensation circuit, is characterized in that, switch control module, and the slope generation module being connected with described switch control module, and the output module being connected with described slope generation module, wherein:
The input of described switch control module, for receiving external control signal, the control end of described switch control module is electrically connected to described slope generation module, for according to the external control signal that receives to the control that resets of described slope generation module;
The control end of described slope generation module is electrically connected to the control end of described switch control module, for the control based on described switch control module, generates ramp signal;
The input of described output module is electrically connected to receive described ramp signal with the output of described slope generation module, and the output of described output module is used for exporting described ramp signal.
2. slope compensation circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the input of described switch control module comprises for inputting described outside by the first input end of the clock signal of compensating circuit and for inputting the second input of described external reset power supply signal; Described switch control module comprises the first switching tube and the first electric capacity, one end of the source electrode of described the first switching tube, described the first electric capacity and described the second input interconnect between two, the grid of described the first switching tube is electrically connected to described first input end, the control end of the described slope of the drain electrode generation module of described the first switching tube is electrically connected to, the other end ground connection of described the first electric capacity.
3. slope compensation circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described slope generation module comprises direct voltage source, current source, the second electric capacity and second switch pipe, the input of described current source is electrically connected to the output of described direct voltage source, the output of described current source, one end of described the second electric capacity, the grid of the drain electrode of described the first switching tube and described second switch pipe interconnects between two, the other end ground connection of described the second electric capacity, the source ground of described second switch pipe, the drain electrode of described second switch pipe is electrically connected to the input of described output module.
4. slope compensation circuit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described the first switching tube is that metal-oxide-semiconductor and/or described second switch pipe are metal-oxide-semiconductor.
5. slope compensation circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described output module comprises current mirror and the first resistance, the output of the input of described current mirror, the output of described direct voltage source and described current source interconnects between two, the first output of described current mirror is electrically connected to the drain electrode of described second switch pipe, the second output of described current mirror is connected with one end of described the first resistance, the other end ground connection of described the first resistance, the output that the second output of described current mirror is described output module.
6. slope compensation circuit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described current mirror comprises the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube, the source electrode of described the 3rd switching tube, described the 4th source electrode of switching tube, the output of the output of described direct voltage source and described current source interconnect between two, the grid of described the 3rd switching tube is electrically connected to the grid of described the 4th switching tube, and the drain electrode of described the 3rd switching tube is electrically connected to the drain electrode of described second switch pipe, the grid of the 3rd switching tube respectively; The drain electrode of described the 4th switching tube is electrically connected to described first unearthed one end of resistance, the output that the common port of the drain electrode of described the 4th switching tube and described the first resistance is described output module.
7. slope compensation circuit according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described the 3rd switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and described the 4th switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor.
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Cited By (4)
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CN104092374A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-08 | 杭州士兰微电子股份有限公司 | Slope compensation circuit and method for switching power supply |
CN107565815A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-09 | 海南师范大学 | Switching Converter Topologies with preprocessing function |
CN108599535A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-09-28 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of self-adaptable slop compensation circuit suitable for Peak Current Mode BUCK converters |
CN111446865A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-07-24 | 深圳威迈斯新能源股份有限公司 | Slope compensation control circuit and slope compensation control method |
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CN102005911A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-04-06 | 安凯(广州)微电子技术有限公司 | Piecewise linear slope compensation method and circuit |
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CN202435271U (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-09-12 | 彩优微电子(昆山)有限公司 | Slope compensation circuit |
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Application publication date: 20140122 |